Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level

A Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level[1][Note 1] (Chinese: 全国重点文物保护单位), often abbreviated as guobao (Chinese: 国保, "nationally protected"), is one of 5,058 monuments listed as of significant historical, artistic or scientific value by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, which is the cultural relics administrative department of the State Council of China. This is the highest level of cultural heritage register in China at the national level, although there are much wider registers of protected sites at the provincial level, the city level, and so on.

Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level
Temple of Heaven, one from the first batch of Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level
Simplified Chinese全国重点文物保护单位
Traditional Chinese全國重點文物保護單位
Literal meaningNational Key Cultural Relic Protected Unit

As Sites Protected at the National Level are lawfully the monuments with protection of the highest level in China, it is prohibited to damage or demolish them. An approval by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage is required before a potential removal of such sites.[1]

Statistics

In 1999 it was reported that there were some 350,000 immovable cultural properties in China, of which 70,000 were protected at one of the three main levels, in addition to some 10,000,000 movable cultural properties held by state institutions alone.[2] Of these, as of October 2019, 5,058 Sites Protected at the National Level have been designated by the State Administration. They were announced in 8 batches and several supplemental batches:

Batch
No.		DateAddedMerged[N 1]Ref.
13 April 1961180[3]
1a26 October 1964−1[N 2][4]
1b16 October 19811[N 2][5]
223 February 198262[6]
313 January 1988258[7]
420 November 199625012[8]
525 June 2001518 (-1[N 3])23[9]
5a22 November 20021[10]
5b2 March 20031[11]
5c3 April 20031[12]
625 May 20061,080106[13]
6a20 August 20091[14]
75 March 20131,943 (+1[N 4])47[15][16]
7a25 April 20141[17]
87 October 201976250[18]
Total5,058
  1. Non-listed monuments that were merged into Sites already in the list. Multiple monuments that were merged into one Site may be counted as one or more depending on the official announcement.
  2. The Loyal King's Residence (忠王府) was removed from the list on 26 October 1964 and was re-designated on 16 October 1981.
  3. 3 non-listed Hanque, Zhaojiacun Hanque (赵家村汉阙), Wangjiaping Hanque (王家坪汉阙), Pujiawan Hanque (蒲家湾汉阙), and another 2 from the first batch, Feng Huan Que (冯焕阙) and Shen Fujun Que (沈府君阙), were merged and renamed to "Qu County Hanque" (渠县汉阙).
  4. Dasheng Cotton Mill (大生纱厂) was merged into Nantong Museum when the 6th batch was announced. At the 7th batch, Dasheng Cotton Mill, along with a non-listed Dasheng third textile company (大生第三纺织公司) which was merged into it, became a separate site.

Sites protected at various levels

Sites (to Be) Protected for Their Historical and Cultural Value or Historical and Cultural Sites Protected (文物保护单位) at various levels include:[19]

  • Major Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the National Level (全国重点文物保护单位)
  • Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the Provincial Level (省级文物保护单位)
  • Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the Level of a City Divided into Districts or at the Level of an Autonomous Prefecture (设区的市、自治州级文物保护单位)
  • Historical and Cultural Sites Protected at the County Level (县级文物保护单位)

See also

Notes
  1. English translation for "全国重点文物保护单位" varies, it includes Major Site (to Be) Protected for Its Historical and Cultural Value at the National Level, Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level (both are official translations in the Law Archived 2012-05-01 at the Wayback Machine and the Regulation Archived 2012-03-19 at the Wayback Machine), Cultural Heritage Sites under State-level Protection (by Atlas of Chinese Cultural Relics series), Key Cultural Relic Unit under State Protection (semi-literal translation), etc.

References
  1. "Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics". State Administration of Cultural Heritage. 28 October 2002. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
  2. "Heritage at Risk: China". ICOMOS. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  3. "国务院关于公布第一批全国重点文物保护单位名单的通知 (1st Batch)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 3 April 1961. Archived from the original on 26 April 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  4. "国务院关于撤銷"太平天国忠王府"为全国重点文物保护单位問題給文化部的批复 (Delist Loyal King's Residence)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 26 October 1964. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  5. "国务院核准恢复苏州太平天国忠王府为全国重点文物保护单位 (Relist Loyal King's Residence)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 16 October 1981. Archived from the original on 29 November 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  6. "国务院关于公布第二批全国重点文物保护单位名单的通知 (2nd Batch)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 23 February 1982. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  7. "国务院关于公布第三批全国重点文物保护单位名单的通知 (3rd Batch)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 13 January 1988. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  8. "国务院关于公布第四批全国重点文物保护单位名单的通知 (4th Batch)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 20 November 1996. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  9. "国务院关于公布第五批全国重点文物保护单位和与现有全国重点文物保护单位合并项目的通知 (5th Batch)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 25 June 2001. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  10. "国务院关于增补里耶古城遗址为第五批全国重点文物保护单位的通知 (5th Batch Supplemental)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 22 November 2002. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  11. "国务院关于增补阿尔寨石窟为第五批全国重点文物保护单位的通知 (5th Batch Supplemental)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 2 March 2003. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  12. "国务院关于增补焦裕禄烈士墓为第五批全国重点文物保护单位的通知 (5th Batch Supplemental)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 3 April 2003. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  13. "国务院关于核定并公布第六批全国 重点文物保护单位的通知 (6th Batch)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 25 May 2006. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  14. "国务院关于增补安江农校纪念园为第六批全国重点文物保护单位的通知 (6th Batch Supplemental)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 20 August 2009.
  15. "第七批全国重点文物保护单位名单 (7th Batch list)" (PDF). State Council of China. 5 March 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
  16. "国务院关于核定并公布第七批全国重点文物保护单位的通知（国发〔2013〕13号） (7th Batch announcement)" (in Chinese). State Council of China. 5 March 2013. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
  17. "国务院关于增补北京市八宝山革命公墓为第七批全国重点文物保护单位的通知 （国函〔2014〕49号） (7th Batch Supplemental)" (PDF) (in Chinese). State Council of China. 25 April 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 August 2014.
  18. "国务院关于核定并公布第八批全国重点文物保护单位的通知 (8th Batch announcement)". State Council of China (in Chinese). 16 October 2019. Archived from the original on 16 October 2019. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  19. "Regulation for the Implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics". State Administration of Cultural Heritage. 18 May 2003. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
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