Modern pentathlon at the Summer Olympics
Modern pentathlon is a sports contest created especially for the Summer Olympic Games by the founder of the modern Games, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, and was first contested in 1912. Coubertin was inspired by the pentathlon event in Ancient Olympic Games, which was modeled after the skills of the ideal soldier at the time.
| Modern pentathlon at the Summer Olympics | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Governing body | UIPM |
| Events | 2 (men: 1; women: 1) |
| Games | |
The modern pentathlon simulates the experience of a 19th-century cavalry soldier behind enemy lines: he/she must ride an unfamiliar horse, fight with pistol and sword, swim, and run. Therefore, the modern pentathlon event comprises the five sport disciplines:
- épée fencing
- pistol shooting
- 200 metre freestyle swimming
- show jumping on horseback
- 3 km cross country running is being replaced by track event in 2020.
Events
Modern pentathlon has been on the Olympic program continuously since 1912. A women's event was not included until the 2000 Games.
| Event | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men's individual | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 25 |
| Men's team | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | • | 11 | ||||||||||||||
| Women's individual | • | • | • | • | • | • | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Events | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Medal table
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Hungary (HUN) | 9 | 8 | 5 | 22 |
| 2 |  Sweden (SWE) | 9 | 7 | 5 | 21 |
| 3 |  Soviet Union (URS) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 15 |
| 4 |  Russia (RUS) | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 5 |  Poland (POL) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 6 |  Great Britain (GBR) | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
 Italy (ITA) | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 | |
| 8 |  Germany (GER) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 9 |  Lithuania (LTU) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 10 |  Czech Republic (CZE) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 11 |  Australia (AUS) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| 13 |  United States (USA) | 0 | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 14 |  Finland (FIN) | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 15 |  France (FRA) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 16 | Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Unified Team (EUN) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| 18 |  China (CHN) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Latvia (LAT) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
 Ukraine (UKR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 21 |  Belarus (BLR) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 22 |  Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Mexico (MEX) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (23 nations) | 40 | 40 | 40 | 120 | |
Nations and number of national participants
| Nation | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Argentina (ARG) | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Australia (AUS) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 17 | ||||||||||||
 Austria (AUT) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
 Bahrain (BRN) | 3 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Belarus (BLR) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Belgium (BEL) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brazil (BRA) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
 Bulgaria (BUL) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
 Canada (CAN) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Chile (CHI) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| China (CHN) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
 Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Cuba (CUB) | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Czech Republic (CZE) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Czechoslovakia (TCH) | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
 Denmark (DEN) | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||
 East Germany (GDR) | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Egypt (EGY) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Estonia (EST) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finland (FIN) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 13 | |||||||||||||||
| France (FRA) | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 23 | ||||||
 Georgia (GEO) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United Team of Germany (EUA) | 3 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Germany (GER) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Great Britain (GBR) | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 27 | |||||
 Greece (GRE) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Guatemala (GUA) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hungary (HUN) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 20 | |||||||||
 Ireland (IRL) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Italy (ITA) | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 23 | ||||||
 Japan (JPN) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) | 1 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Latvia (LAT) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lithuania (LTU) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
 Morocco (MAR) | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mexico (MEX) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 19 | ||||||||||
 Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
 New Zealand (NZL) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Norway (NOR) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Peru (PER) | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Poland (POL) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||
 Portugal (POR) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
 Romania (ROU) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Russia (RUS) | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
 South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
 South Korea (KOR) | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Soviet Union (URS) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
 Spain (ESP) | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sweden (SWE) | 12 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 21 | ||||||||
 Switzerland (SUI) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 14 | |||||||||||||||
 Tunisia (TUN) | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Turkey (TUR) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ukraine (UKR) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unified Team (EUN) | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| United States (USA) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 23 | ||||||
 Uruguay (URU) | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| West Germany (FRG) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nations | 10 | 7 | 11 | 14 | 10 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 16 | 23 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 26 | 30 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 26 | 28 | 57 | |||||
| Athletes | 32 | 23 | 38 | 37 | 24 | 42 | 45 | 51 | 40 | 60 | 37 | 48 | 59 | 47 | 43 | 52 | 65 | 66 | 32 | 48 | 64 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 823+ | |||||
| Year | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 20 | 24 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 48 | 52 | 56 | 60 | 64 | 68 | 72 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 88 | 92 | 96 | 00 | 04 | 08 | 12 | 16 | 20 | |
References
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Modern pentathlon at the Olympics. |
- Sandra Heck (2013) Modern Pentathlon at the London 2012 Olympics: Between Traditional Heritage and Modern Changes for Survival, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 30:7, 719-735, doi:10.1080/09523367.2013.782485
- Sandra Heck: Von Spielenden Soldaten und kämpfenden Athleten. Die Genese des Modernen Fünfkampfes. Göttingen: V & R Unipress. 2013, ISBN 978-3-8471-0201-4
- Heck, Sandra. "Making Debrouillards: the modern pentathlon and the pursuit of completeness." Olympika: The International Journal of Olympic Studies, vol. 19, 2010, p. 139+. Gale Academic Onefile, Accessed 27 Sept. 2019.
| Article Title | Towards the Complete Athlete: Modern Pentathlon and the Pursuit of Human Achievement |
| Author | Sandra Heck |
| Periodical Title | North American Society For Sport History. Proceedings And Newsletter |
| Pagination | p. 31-32 |
| Year | 2010 |
| Format | |
| Type | Text, Article |
| Rights | Published with permission of the North American Society for Sport History |
| Notes | North American Society for Sport History Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference Coronado Springs Resort, Orlando, Florida May 28-31, 2010 |
External links
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