Diving at the Summer Olympics

Diving was first introduced in the official programme of the Summer Olympic Games at the 1904 Games of St. Louis and has been an Olympic sport since. It was known as "fancy diving"[1] for the acrobatic stunts performed by divers during the dive (such as somersaults and twists). This discipline of Aquatics, along with swimming, synchronised swimming and water polo, is regulated and supervised by the International Swimming Federation (FINA), the international federation (IF) for aquatic sports.

Diving at the Summer Olympics
Governing bodyFINA
Events8 (men: 4; women: 4)
Games

History

The first Olympic diving events were contested by men and consisted of a platform diving event ("fancy high diving") and also a plunge for distance event, which heralded victorious the diver who could reach the farthest underwater, while remaining motionless after a ground-level standing dive. At the 1908 Summer Olympics, men's springboard diving was added to the program replacing the plunge for distance, regarded as uninteresting.[2] Women's diving debut happened at the 1912 Summer Olympics in the platform event and was expanded to springboard diving at the 1920 Summer Olympics. A parallel platform diving event for men, called "plain high diving", was presented at the Games of the V Olympiad. No acrobatic moves were allowed, only a simple straight dive off the platform.[3] It was last contested at the 1924 Summer Olympics after which it was merged with "fancy high diving" into one competition renamed "highboard diving" (or just "high diving").[4]

By the time of the 1996 Summer Olympics, the diving events were exactly the same as in 1928 (2 men's and 2 women's events). However, four years later in Sydney, the inclusion of a synchronized diving variant for the springboard and platform events elevated the list up to eight events (4 men's and 4 women's events).

Another important change to the sport occurred at the 1984 Summer Olympics, when China first competed, after boycotting the previous games due to the political status of Taiwan.[5] China has become the dominant diving power and accumulated 40 gold medals since 1984.

Medal table

Total medal count 1904-2016:

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States (USA)494445138
2 China (CHN)40191069
3 Sweden (SWE)68721
4 Russia (RUS)48618
5 Soviet Union (URS)44614
6 Italy (ITA)35311
7 Australia (AUS)33713
8 United Team of Germany (EUA)3104
9 Germany (GER)281121
10 East Germany (GDR)2237
11 Mexico (MEX)17614
12 Canada (CAN)14813
13 Great Britain (GBR)13610
14 Czechoslovakia (TCH)1102
15 Denmark (DEN)1012
16 Greece (GRE)1001
17 Unified Team (EUN)0213
18 Egypt (EGY)0112
 Malaysia (MAS)0112
20 France (FRA)0101
21 Ukraine (UKR)0022
Totals (21 nations)122122124368

Events

Men's

Event9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620Games
Plunge for distance X 1
Plain high diving X X X 3
3 metre springboard X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 26
10 metre platform X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 27
Synchronized 3 metre springboard X X X X X X 6
Synchronized 10 metre platform X X X X X X 6
Events223332222222222222222444444

Women's

Event9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620Games
3 metre springboard X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 24
10 metre platform X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 25
Synchronized 3 metre springboard X X X X X X 6
Synchronized 10 metre platform X X X X X X 6
Events1222222222222222222444444

Nations

The numbers in each cell indicate the number of divers that nation sent to that Games.

Nation9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620Years
 Argentina (ARG)  111215
 Armenia (ARM)  212
 Australasia (ANZ)  11
 Australia (AUS)  11111210422343457767910922
 Austria (AUT)  132234412414231222323122
 Azerbaijan (AZE)  112
 Bahamas (BAH)  11
 Barbados (BAR)  11
 Belarus (BLR)  5234226
 Belgium (BEL)  1321116
 Bermuda (BER)  1213
 Bolivia (BOL)  11
 Brazil (BRA)  13221111112443915
 Bulgaria (BUL)  2113
 Canada (CAN)  1211332223489768676109622
 Chile (CHI)  122
 China (CHN)  88878101012139
 Chinese Taipei (TPE)  242
 Colombia (COL)  1132213249
 Costa Rica (CRC)  11
 Croatia (CRO)  11
 Cuba (CUB)  12266537
 Czech Republic (CZE)  11
 Czechoslovakia (TCH)  223111128
 Denmark (DEN)  5411232222111
 Dominican Republic (DOM)  1233
 East Germany (GDR)  577946
 Ecuador (ECU)  112
 Egypt (EGY)  244431448
 Finland (FIN)  26362113111221122118
 France (FRA)  112412542432112216125321
 Georgia (GEO)  212
 Germany (GER)  3549211467810148814
 Great Britain (GBR)  16351176119576584665458710121124
 Greece (GRE)  1158116
 Guatemala (GUA)  11
 Hong Kong (HKG)  22114
 Hungary (HUN)  2122223324322116
 India (IND)  21
 Indonesia (INA)  132
 Iran (IRI)  11
 Ireland (IRL)  112
 Israel (ISR)  112
 Italy (ITA)  111133153424124325688822
 Jamaica (JAM)  112
 Japan (JPN)  1145245943334331221319
 Kazakhstan (KAZ)  552
 Kuwait (KUW)  212125
 Malaysia (MAS)  334965
 Mexico (MEX)  151453436456638575710921
 Netherlands (NED)  47122222122112
 New Zealand (NZL)  13114
 North Korea (PRK)  43533327
 Norway (NOR)  343211211110
 Peru (PER)  112
 Philippines (PHI)  222
 Poland (POL)  1532116
 Portugal (POR)  11
 Puerto Rico (PUR)  12121117
 Rhodesia (RHO)  132
 Romania (ROU)  33433127
 Russia (RUS)  77910786
 Russian Empire (RU1)  11
 South Africa (RSA)  1111116
 South Korea (KOR)  132124412110
 Soviet Union (URS)  1111712109111289
 Spain (ESP)  32332235542212
 Sri Lanka (SRI)  112
 Sweden (SWE)  103412118133414212322213112224
 Switzerland (SUI)  111322111213113
 Syria (SYR)  112
 Tajikistan (TJK)  21
 Thailand (THA)  1223
 Turkey (TUR)  11
 Ukraine (UKR)  6989976
 Unified Team (EUN)  71
 United States (USA)  72214109910711951211811777871012111025
 United Team of Germany (EUA)  792
 Uruguay (URU)  11
 Venezuela (VEN)  111113113210
 West Germany (FRG)  894466
 Yugoslavia (YUG)  122
 Zimbabwe (ZIM)  3212116
Nations  291014141892121211624212325222129313040423029252880
Divers  1039575371612869627259748283908267808195121157125136136135 
Year9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620

See also

Notes

  1. "Aquatics - Diving". Sports. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2007-01-21.
  2. Bill Bryson. "A City Under Starter's Orders". Olympics 2000 Sydney. The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 2007-04-01. Retrieved 2007-01-22.
  3. "Aquatics - Diving". Summer Sports. Australian Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2007-01-22.
  4. "Diving". The Sports Yellow Pages!!. ThinkQuest. Archived from the original on 2005-11-04. Retrieved 2007-01-22.
  5. https://www.nytimes.com/1984/01/09/sports/84-olympic-effort-a-great-leap-forward-for-china.html

References

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