Wrestling at the Summer Olympics

Wrestling had been contested at the Summer Olympic Games since the sport was introduced in the ancient Olympic Games in 708 BC.[1] When the modern Olympic Games resumed in Athens in 1896, wrestling (in the form of Greco-Roman wrestling) became a focus of the Games, with the exception of the 1900 Summer Olympics when wrestling did not appear on the program. Freestyle wrestling and weight classes both made their first appearance in 1904. The women's competition was introduced in 2004.

Wrestling at the Summer Olympics
Governing bodyUWW
Events18 (men: 12; women: 6)
Games

In February 2013, the IOC voted to drop wrestling from the Summer Olympic programme, effective 2020. The president of the sport's governing body, FILA (now United World Wrestling), resigned after a subsequent motion of no confidence. Following changes in leadership, and revisions to the programme for 2016 (including rule changes and additional women's competitions), wrestling successfully campaigned to be readmitted to the Summer Olympic program.

Removal and reinstatement

In an effort to control the size and costs of the Summer Olympics, and make the Games "relevant to sports fans of all generations", the IOC evaluated the Olympic event programme in place for the 2016 Summer Olympics, and voted on 25 "core" sports that would comprise the programme of the 2020 Summer Olympics (which was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic).[2] One vacancy was to be left open for a new sport. In February 2013, IOC members voted to remove wrestling from the Olympic programme; The New York Times cited several potential factors in the decision, including the lack of universally-known talent unlike other sports, and concern for the lack of women's competitions in wrestling (having only introduced women's freestyle competitions in 2004). FILA (now United World Wrestling), the governing body of Olympic wrestling, immediately criticized the decision. The organization cited wrestling's long-standing history as an Olympic event, which dates as far back as the ancient Olympic Games.[3][4][5]

The decision resulted in immediate backlash; Armen Nazaryan and Sagid Murtazaliev both returned gold medals to the IOC in protest, while Nazaryan also staged a hunger strike until the 2013 European Wrestling Championships.[6] FILA president Raphaël Martinetti resigned after a vote of non-confidence by the organization's staff.[7]

Martinetti was replaced as acting president by Nenad Lalovic. Under his leadership, the organization began to make changes to its Olympic programme for 2016, including rule changes designed to make bouts faster and encourage more aggression, as well as additional women's weight classes. These changes were intended to help improve audience interest, and address the shortcomings that likely led to the removal of the sport; wrestling joined baseball/softball, as well as squash, on a final shortlist of three sports to be included in the core Olympic programme for 2020.[3] On 8 September 2013, at the 125th IOC Session, the IOC selected wrestling to be reinstated in the Olympic program for 2020 and 2024.[8] [9] Lalović was largely credited for his role in the reinstatement; he remarked that "normally this is done in a few years, we did it in a few months. It was a question of our survival."[10][11]

Events

Men

Event9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620Years
Greco-Roman light flyweight X X X X X X X 7
Greco-Roman flyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 14
Greco-Roman bantamweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 23
Greco-Roman featherweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 23
Greco-Roman lightweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 26
Greco-Roman welterweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 21
Greco-Roman middleweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 26
Greco-Roman light heavyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 20
Greco-Roman heavyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 25
Greco-Roman super heavyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 14
Greco-Roman open X 1
Freestyle light flyweight X X X X X X X X 8
Freestyle flyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 15
Freestyle bantamweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 25
Freestyle featherweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 24
Freestyle lightweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 26
Freestyle welterweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 24
Freestyle middleweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 25
Freestyle light heavyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 18
Freestyle heavyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 26
Freestyle super heavyweight X X X X X X X X X X X X X 13
Total 1 0 7 9 5 10 13 13 14 14 16 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 16 14 14 14 12 12

Women

Event0408121620Years
Freestyle flyweight X X X X X 5
Freestyle bantamweight X X X X X 5
Freestyle welterweight X X 2
Freestyle middleweight X X X X X 5
Freestyle light heavyweight X X 2
Freestyle heavyweight X X X X X 5
Total 4 4 4 6 6

Participating nations

The following nations have taken part in the wrestling competition. The numbers in the table indicate the number of competitors sent to that year's Olympics (X means qualified wrestlers for the next Olympics).

Nation9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620Years
 Afghanistan (AFG) 78588517
 Albania (ALB) 1123
 Algeria (ALG) 322213338
 American Samoa (ASA) 1113
 Argentina (ARG) 58523433332111115
 Armenia (ARM) 8879786
 Australia (AUS) 13134415983333332911141322
 Austria (AUT) 821753474142575231119
 Azerbaijan (AZE) 8971613146
 Bahamas (BAH) 21
 Bahrain (BRN) 11
 Belarus (BLR) 16141091176
 Belgium (BEL) 411217131198353222311118
 Bohemia (BOH) 442
 Bolivia (BOL) 11
 Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) 11
 Brazil (BRA) 2111156
 Bulgaria (BUL) 81616162020202020118131291115
 Cambodia (CAM) 112
 Cameroon (CMR) 65411137
 Canada (CAN) 115565942479151311131447109822
 Central African Republic (CAF) 11
 Chile (CHI) 11
 China (CHN) 7118559168139
 Chinese Taipei (TPE) 1413
 Colombia (COL) 1413113359
 Croatia (CRO) 11214
 Cuba (CUB) 3379101515131212121012
 Cyprus (CYP) 112
 Czech Republic (CZE) 3321116
 Czechoslovakia (TCH) 10962133354610589715
 Denmark (DEN) 11910117355543332122118
 Dominican Republic (DOM) 21114
 East Germany (GDR) 101712985
 Ecuador (ECU) 211225
 Egypt (EGY) 12431312444410531237131019
 El Salvador (ESA) 1113
 Estonia (EST) 4861844312311
 Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) 11
 Finland (FIN) 43718241310131516101410910781112754212325
 France (FRA) 61723135101110293455289923696224
 The Gambia (GAM) 31
 Georgia (GEO) 813121013116
 Germany (GER)1 11465148171110974714
 Great Britain (GBR)1 53121014626166466467677111123
 Greece (GRE)2 152324532358945105111071832125
 Guam (GUM) 1111116
 Guatemala (GUA) 3541116
 Guinea (GUI) 21
 Guinea-Bissau (GBS) 1111226
 Haiti (HAI) 11
 Honduras (HON) 11
 Hungary (HUN)1 710126512121281010131818191817118997824
 Iceland (ISL) 11
 Independent Olympic Participants (IOP) 91
 India (IND) 236475848687611735819
 Indonesia (INA) 21
 Iran (IRI) 881291417151610111312131214
 Iraq (IRQ) 1193516
 Ireland (IRL) 114215
 Israel (ISR) 212413318
 Italy (ITA) 16817561011145165578674542621225
 Ivory Coast (CIV) 11
 Japan (JPN) 11755816161520202020161281310131020
 Jordan (JOR) 21
 Kazakhstan (KAZ) 1111121615126
 Kenya (KEN) 41
 Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) 4685476
 Latvia (LAT) 6231111219
 Lebanon (LBN) 5462211119
 Lithuania (LTU) 13234217
 Luxembourg (LUX) 223123418
 Macedonia (MKD) 32214
 Madagascar (MAD) 11
 Malta (MLT) 222
 Mauritania (MTN) 242
 Mauritius (MRI) 11
 Mexico (MEX) 24514412922542712117
 Moldova (MDA) 6422236
 Mongolia (MGL) 8813131397446681013
 Morocco (MAR) 543455452310
 Namibia (NAM) 112
 Netherlands (NED) 939864311110
 New Zealand (NZL) 112123223110
 Nicaragua (NCA) 11
 Nigeria (NGR) 136542124710
 North Korea (PRK) 233434135410
 Norway (NOR) 19777136714135255211111224
 Pakistan (PAK) 676222231110
 Palau (PLW) 1213
 Panama (PAN) 1322112219
 Peru (PER) 422151118
 Philippines (PHI) 111344328
 Poland (POL) 2435125121814201813119994818
 Portugal (POR) 213433111110
 Puerto Rico (PUR) 532451328
 Republic of China (ROC) 11
 Romania (ROU) 5747101220192010411105582518
 Russia (RUS) 4112016181816178
 Samoa (SAM) 212
 Senegal (SEN) 45344321112212
 Serbia (SRB) 2133
 Serbia and Montenegro (SCG) 11
 Slovakia (SVK) 44324
 South Africa (RSA) 1123543111111
 South Korea (KOR) 413413841114191615109119517
 Soviet Union (URS) 1616161616202020209
 Spain (ESP) 44123910231111
 Sweden (SWE) 9341313913141611012977881110875756725
 Switzerland (SUI) 41211131251233912442421119
 Syria (SYR) 221738327
 Tajikistan (TJK) 14244
 Tunisia (TUN) 2333413849
 Turkey (TUR) 5611161513161516161116131513121213131420
 Turkmenistan (TKM) 112
 Ukraine (UKR) 1716161613116
 Unified Team (EUN) 201
 United States (USA) 426218147778815161616192019202020161717171424
 United Team of Germany (EUA) 515143
 Uzbekistan (UZB) 101178886
 Venezuela (VEN) 3216223799
 Vietnam (VIE) 51124
 Virgin Islands (ISV) 41
 West Germany (FRG) 11171514175
 Yemen (YEM) 312
 Yugoslavia (YUG) 25532548106109213
Nations4114181926291829283630443945494135446959755566597167
Competitors54211517015222916679200207215167338270296388331266267429370401314342344344344288
Year9600040812202428323648525660646872768084889296000408121620

All-time medal table – 1896–2016

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Soviet Union (URS)623123116
2 United States (USA)544336133
3 Japan (JPN)32201769
4 Russia (RUS)30121456
5 Turkey (TUR)29181663
6 Sweden (SWE)28273186
7 Finland (FIN)26282983
8 Hungary (HUN)19161954
9 Bulgaria (BUL)16322169
10 South Korea (KOR)11111436
11 Iran (IRI)10141943
12 Cuba (CUB)96722
13 Romania (ROU)781934
14 Italy (ITA)741021
15 Unified Team (EUN)65516
16 Poland (POL)591125
17 Estonia (EST)52411
18 Germany (GER)412925
19 Azerbaijan (AZE)471122
20 Yugoslavia (YUG)46616
21 France (FRA)441018
22 Switzerland (SUI)44614
23 Canada (CAN)37717
24 Ukraine (UKR)35614
25 Georgia (GEO)341017
 Great Britain (GBR)341017
27 North Korea (PRK)32510
28 China (CHN)23611
29 Armenia (ARM)2338
30 East Germany (GDR)2327
 Egypt (EGY)2327
32 Uzbekistan (UZB)2237
33 Norway (NOR)2226
34 Czechoslovakia (TCH)17715
35 Kazakhstan (KAZ)151016
36 United Team of Germany (EUA)1539
37 West Germany (FRG)1449
38 Greece (GRE)13711
39 Serbia (SRB)1001
40 Belarus (BLR)05611
41 Mongolia (MGL)0459
42 Denmark (DEN)0369
43 Belgium (BEL)0303
 Russian Empire (RU1)0303
45 India (IND)0145
46 Australia (AUS)0123
 Lebanon (LIB)0123
48 Lithuania (LTU)0112
49 Latvia (LAT)0101
 Mexico (MEX)0101
 Slovakia (SVK)0101
 Syria (SYR)0101
 Tajikistan (TJK)0101
54 Austria (AUT)0022
 Colombia (COL)0022
56 Czech Republic (CZE)0011
 Macedonia (MKD)0011
 Moldova (MDA)0011
 Pakistan (PAK)0011
 Tunisia (TUN)0011
Totals (60 nations)4094084591276

All-time medal table – Greco-Roman – 1896–2016

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Soviet Union (URS)34161060
2 Sweden (SWE)20172158
3 Finland (FIN)18211958
4 Hungary (HUN)16121139
5 Russia (RUS)123722
6 Turkey (TUR)116724
7 Bulgaria (BUL)914932
8 Cuba (CUB)75214
9 South Korea (KOR)72716
10 Romania (ROU)681327
11 Italy (ITA)64919
12 Poland (POL)58720
13 Germany (GER)410620
14 Japan (JPN)46313
15 United States (USA)36615
16 Yugoslavia (YUG)35412
17 Unified Team (EUN)3339
18 Estonia (EST)3148
19 Iran (IRI)3137
20 Egypt (EGY)2327
21 France (FRA)2259
22 Armenia (ARM)2237
23 Norway (NOR)2125
24 East Germany (GDR)2114
25 Czechoslovakia (TCH)16411
26 Greece (GRE)1359
27 West Germany (FRG)1315
28 Georgia (GEO)1247
29 Azerbaijan (AZE)1236
30 Kazakhstan (KAZ)1225
 Ukraine (UKR)1225
32 Uzbekistan (UZB)1012
33 Serbia (SRB)1001
34 United Team of Germany (EUA)0437
35 Denmark (DEN)0369
36 Russian Empire (RU1)0303
37 Belarus (BLR)0257
38 China (CHN)0145
39 Lebanon (LIB)0123
40 Lithuania (LTU)0112
41 Latvia (LAT)0101
 Mexico (MEX)0101
43 Austria (AUT)0011
 Czech Republic (CZE)0011
 Moldova (MDA)0011
 North Korea (PRK)0011
 Switzerland (SUI)0011
Totals (47 nations)193194212599

All-time medal table – Freestyle – 1904–2016

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States (USA)513730118
2 Soviet Union (URS)28151356
3 Japan (JPN)28141456
4 Turkey (TUR)1812939
5 Russia (RUS)189734
6 Sweden (SWE)8101028
7 Finland (FIN)871025
8 Bulgaria (BUL)7181237
9 Iran (IRI)7131636
10 South Korea (KOR)49720
11 Switzerland (SUI)44513
12 Canada (CAN)37717
13 Azerbaijan (AZE)35816
14 Great Britain (GBR)341017
15 Hungary (HUN)34815
16 North Korea (PRK)3249
17 Unified Team (EUN)3227
18 Ukraine (UKR)2349
19 Georgia (GEO)22610
20 France (FRA)2259
21 China (CHN)2226
22 Cuba (CUB)2158
23 Estonia (EST)2103
24 Uzbekistan (UZB)1225
25 Yugoslavia (YUG)1124
26 United Team of Germany (EUA)1102
27 Romania (ROU)1067
28 Italy (ITA)1012
29 Mongolia (MGL)0459
30 Kazakhstan (KAZ)03811
31 Belarus (BLR)0314
32 Belgium (BEL)0303
33 Germany (GER)0235
34 East Germany (GDR)0213
35 India (IND)0145
 Poland (POL)0145
37 Czechoslovakia (TCH)0134
 West Germany (FRG)0134
39 Australia (AUS)0123
40 Armenia (ARM)0101
 Norway (NOR)0101
 Slovakia (SVK)0101
 Syria (SYR)0101
 Tajikistan (TJK)0101
45 Colombia (COL)0022
 Greece (GRE)0022
47 Austria (AUT)0011
 Macedonia (MKD)0011
 Pakistan (PAK)0011
 Tunisia (TUN)0011
Totals (50 nations)216214247677

Source: Wrestling Freestyle Olympics Medal Table at olympicmedals.com

See also

References

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