Niğde

Niğde (Ancient Greek: Νίγδη/Hittite: Nahita, Naxita) is a town and the capital of Niğde Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey at an elevation of 1,299 m. In 2019 the population was 362.861

Niğde
Municipality
Niğde
Niğde
Niğde
Niğde
Niğde
Coordinates: 37°58′00″N 34°40′45″E
CountryTurkey
ProvinceNiğde
Government
 • MayorEmrah Özdemir (AKP)
Area
 • District2,302.99 km2 (889.19 sq mi)
Elevation
1,229 m (4,032 ft)
Population
 • Urban
13,374
 • District
229.121
 • District density0.099/km2 (0.26/sq mi)
Websitewww.nigde.bel.tr

The town is located between the volcanic Melandiz Mountains, which include the Mount Hasan Stratovolcano near the city of Aksaray to the north, and the Niğde Massif to the south-southeast. The massif is a Metamorphic rock dome that contains abandoned antimony and iron mines. Several marble quarries are currently active in the pure white crystalline marble of the massif.

History

See Niğde Province for a summary of the history of the region, which goes back a long way. This is rich farmland near a number of ancient trade routes, particularly the road from Kayseri (ancient Caesarea) to the Cilician Gates. Settlers throughout history include Hittites, Assyrians, Greeks, Armenians, Romans, Byzantines and finally Turks from 1166 onwards. In the early Middle Ages, it was known as Magida (Greek: Μαγίδα), and was settled by the remaining inhabitants of nearby Tyana after the latter fell to the Arabs in 708/709. By the early 13th century Niğde was one of the largest cities in Anatolia. After the fall of the Sultanate of Rûm (of which it had been one of the principal cities), Niğde was captured by Anatolian beyliks such as Karaman Beylik and Eretna Beylik. According to Ibn Battuta, ruinous, and did not pass into Ottoman hands till the time of Mehmet II.

According to the Ottoman population statistics of 1914, the sanjak of Silivri had a total population of 291.117, consisting of 227.100 Muslims, 58.312 Greeks, 4.935 Armenians and 769 Protestants.[2]

More recent immigrants include Turkish people from Bulgaria and other Balkan countries, who were settled here by the Turkish authorities in the 1950s and '60s.


Niğde today
Gumusler Monastery in Niğde

Nigde University opened in 1992 and is starting to bring more cultural and social amenities to what is essentially a large town with a very rural feel to it, providing schools, basic shopping, and other necessities to the surrounding villages. The city is small and there is still plenty of green space and gardens around the houses. The people generally tend to be religious and conservative.

Climate

Niğde has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk), bordering on a hot dry-summer continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dsa). Niğde has hot and dry summers and cold and snowy winters. Most of the precipitation is during late spring.

Climate data for Niğde (1960-2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5)		 19.6
(67.3)		 26.3
(79.3)		 30.8
(87.4)		 32.0
(89.6)		 34.8
(94.6)		 38.5
(101.3)		 37.8
(100.0)		 34.6
(94.3)		 30.6
(87.1)		 24.6
(76.3)		 20.9
(69.6)		 38.5
(101.3)
Average high °C (°F) 4.6
(40.3)		 6.1
(43.0)		 11.1
(52.0)		 16.6
(61.9)		 21.3
(70.3)		 25.7
(78.3)		 29.3
(84.7)		 29.3
(84.7)		 25.6
(78.1)		 19.7
(67.5)		 12.9
(55.2)		 7.1
(44.8)		 17.4
(63.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3)		 0.8
(33.4)		 5.2
(41.4)		 10.5
(50.9)		 15.1
(59.2)		 19.3
(66.7)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.2
(72.0)		 17.7
(63.9)		 12.1
(53.8)		 6.1
(43.0)		 1.8
(35.2)		 11.1
(52.0)
Average low °C (°F) −4.6
(23.7)		 −3.6
(25.5)		 0.0
(32.0)		 4.5
(40.1)		 8.3
(46.9)		 11.8
(53.2)		 14.8
(58.6)		 14.3
(57.7)		 10.2
(50.4)		 6.0
(42.8)		 1.2
(34.2)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 5.0
(41.1)
Record low °C (°F) −21.7
(−7.1)		 −24.2
(−11.6)		 −23.9
(−11.0)		 −6.9
(19.6)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 3.5
(38.3)		 7.1
(44.8)		 6.7
(44.1)		 1.0
(33.8)		 −5.2
(22.6)		 −14.7
(5.5)		 −20.6
(−5.1)		 −24.2
(−11.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 31.4
(1.24)		 32.2
(1.27)		 35.0
(1.38)		 45.2
(1.78)		 48.3
(1.90)		 25.0
(0.98)		 4.9
(0.19)		 3.9
(0.15)		 7.9
(0.31)		 26.9
(1.06)		 32.2
(1.27)		 40.7
(1.60)		 333.6
(13.13)
Average rainy days 10.4 10.6 11.2 11.8 12.2 6.8 2.0 1.5 2.9 6.7 7.7 11.0 94.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours 120.9 134.4 186 213.9 275.9 333 375.1 356.5 300 229.4 159 117.8 2,801.9
Source 1: Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü[3]
Source 2: Hong Kong Observatory[4]

Sightseeing
Niğde Alaaddin Mosque
  • Niğde Alaadin mosque entrance
  • Niğde Gündoğdü mausoleum
  • Niğde Sungurbey Mosque and mausoleum
  • Niğde Hükümet Meydan (Government Square)
  • Alâeddin mosque
  • Aladağlar
  • Aladağlar
  • Aladağlar
  • Gümüşler Monastery
  • Niğde Castle and Clock tower
  • Çiftehan
  • Aladağlar
  • The Roman aqueduct in Tyana(Kemerhisar)
  • Ancient Tyana
  • Roman pool (Tyana)
  • Hüdavent Hatun Mausoleum
  • Nigde museum Porsuk inscription Late Hittite 8th
  • Museum (Tyana)
  • Museum
  • Niğde Museum's mummy of a thousand-year-old blonde nun
  • Niğde Carpet
  • Museum (mummy)

Notable natives
  • Abdullah Durak, footballer
  • Ayhan Şahenk, businessman
  • Nükhet Duru, singer
  • Emre Altuğ, Singer and actor
  • Ebubekir Hazım Tepeyran
  • Yılmaz Cemal Bor, (1934-2014), Member of Parliament (1977-1980) from the Nigde District
  • Yıldız Kenter, actress
  • Leonidas Kestekides (1876 - 1954), a Cappadocian Greek chocolate manufacturer from Nigde, Cappadocia and founder of the internationally famous Leonidas company in Belgium[7]
  • Petros Petridis (1892 - 1977), prominent Cappadocian Greek composer and conductor, born in Nigde (Cappodocia)[8]
  • Thanassis P. Aghnidès, (1889-1980), born in family estates (Kayabashi), graduated from Université Impériale de Constantinople with a law degree and the Sorbonne in Paris, France. He was a Greek-Ottoman diplomat, joined the SDN in 1919 and became undersecretary Geneva 1938-1942, chairman of the disarmament section at U.N. 1946-1960. He also served as Greek ambassador to the Court of St James in London 1942-1945.
  • Elie P. Aghnidès 1901-1988 Inventor, best known of his inventions is the faucet aerator and the massage shower. Another of his inventions was the Rhino,an amphibious,5-ton, 4-wheeled vehicle designed for multiple terrains. The prototype was built by Marmon-Harrington in Indianapolis.
  • Nicholas P. Aghnidès, author, 1883-1974 Professor Columbia University best seller Mohammedan Theories of finance.

See also

References
  1. "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. Kemal Karpat (1985), Ottoman Population, 1830-1914, Demographic and Social Characteristics, The University of Wisconsin Press, p. 188-189
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-03-15. Retrieved 2011-01-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/europe/gr_tu/nigde_e.htm
  5. "Gümüsler Monastery at Cappadocia". voyageanatolia.blogspot.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  6. https://www.google.no/webhp?hl=no#hl=no&q=ni%C4%9Fde+alaaddin+camii+kap%C4%B1s%C4%B1 Niğde Alaaddin Mosque where a chiaroscuro drawing of a woman's face with crown and long hair appears at a specific time of the year.
  7. Werkgroep Coupure, Werkgroep Coupure (2009). De Coupure in Gent. Scheiding en verbinding. Academia Press. p. 304. ISBN 9789038213231. Leonidas-Kestekidès (°1882 Nikede, met Griekse nationaliteit…(Translated: Leonidas Kestekides (° 1882 Nigde of Greek nationality
  8. Rōmanou, Kaitē (2009). Serbian and Greek Art Music: A Patch to Western Music History. Intellect Books. p. 152. ISBN 9781841502786. Petros Petrides was born in Nigde, Kappadokia, in 1892 and died in Kifissia (Attica) in 1977. A man of vast knowledge on various fields of science and art, who is rightfully placed among the most cultivated and educated Greek composers of the first half of the 20th century;
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