Okavirus
Okavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Nidovirales, in the family Roniviridae.[1] Okaviruses infect crustaceans, mostly prawns. There are currently three species in this genus: the type species Gill-associated virus, Okavirus 1, and Yellow Head virus.[2] Diseases associated with this genus include: GAV: reddening, biofouling with exoparasites, emaciation, massive mortality; YHV: yellow head, arrest of feeding. massive mortality.[2][3] The name is derived from the 'Oka' or lymphoid organ in which the viruses are commonly detected and in which pathology occurs during acute infections. Lymphoid organs are anatomical structures common to penaeid shrimp.
| Tipravirus | |
|---|---|
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Pisuviricota |
| Class: | Pisoniviricetes |
| Order: | Nidovirales |
| Family: | Roniviridae |
| Genus: | Okavirus |
| Subgenus: | Tipravirus |
| Type species | |
| Gill-associated virus | |
| Species | |
| |
Taxonomy
Group: ssRNA(+)
- Family: Roniviridae
- Genus: Okavirus
- Gill-associated virus
- Okavirus 1'
- Yellow head virus
Structure
Viruses in the genus Okavirus are enveloped, with bacilliform geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 20–30 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 26 kb in length.[2][3]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Okavirus | Bacilliform | Helical | Enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
Life cycle
Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Crustaceans and mostly prawns serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are ingestion.[2][3]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Okavirus | Crustaceans: prawns | None | Cell receptor endocytosis | Budding | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Passive diffusion |
References
- Walker, PJ; Cowley, JA; Dong, X; Huang, J; Moody, N; Ziebuhr, J; ICTV Report Consortium (January 2021). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Roniviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 102 (1). doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001514. PMID 33108263.
- "ICTV Report Roniviridae".
- "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.