Pentaborane(11)
Pentaborane(11) is inorganic compound with the chemical formula B5H11. It is an obscure boron hydride cluster, especially relative to the heavily studied pentaborane(9) (B5H9). With two more hydrogen atoms than nido-pentaborane(9), pentaborane(11) is classified as an arachno- cluster.[1]
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3D model (JSmol) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.038.447  |
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| Properties | |
| B5H11 | |
| Molar mass | 65.14 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | −123 °C (−189 °F; 150 K) |
| Boiling point | 63 °C (145 °F; 336 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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Synthesis
Like many boron hydride clusters, pentaborane(11) was originally obtained from the pyrolysis of diborane. A more systematic synthesis entails treatment of [B4H9]− with boron tribromide. The Lewis acid abstracts hydride to give unstable B4H8, the precursor to B5H11:[2]
- [B4H9]− + BBr3 → B4H8 + HBBr3−
- 2 B4H8 → B5H11 + "B3H5"
References
- Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- Toft, Mark A.; Leach, J. B.; Himpsl, Francis L.; Shore, Sheldon G. (1982). "New, Systematic Syntheses of Boron Hydrides via Hydride ion Abstraction Reactions: Preparation of B2H6, B4H10, B5H11, and B10H14". Inorganic Chemistry. 21: 1952–7. doi:10.1021/ic00135a048.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
| Alkali metal (Group 1) hydrides |  Lithium hydride, LiH ionic metal hydride   Beryllium hydride Left (gas phase): BeH2 covalent metal hydride Right: (BeH2)n (solid phase) polymeric metal hydride   Borane and diborane Left: BH3 (special conditions), covalent metalloid hydride Right: B2H6 (standard conditions), dimeric metalloid hydride  Methane, CH4 covalent nonmetal hydride  Ammonia, NH3 covalent nonmetal hydride  Water, H2O covalent nonmetal hydride  Hydrogen fluoride, HF covalent nonmetal hydride | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Alkaline (Group 2) earth hydrides |
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| Group 13 hydrides |
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| Group 14 hydrides |
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| Pnictogen (Group 15) hydrides |
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| Hydrogen chalcogenides (Group 16 hydrides) |
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| Hydrogen halides (Group 17 hydrides) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transition metal hydrides | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Lanthanide hydrides | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Actinide hydrides | |||||||||||||||||||||
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