Shuangyashan

Shuangyashan (Chinese: 双鸭山; pinyin: Shuāngyāshān) is a coal mining prefecture-level city located in the eastern part Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, bordering Russia's Khabarovsk and Primorsky krais to the east. The city's name means a pair-of-ducks mountains and refers to two peaks northeast of the city.[2] In 2007 it had a GDP of RMB 20.6 billion with a 14.2% growth rate.

Shuangyashan

双鸭山市
Prefecture-level city
New Year's Parade in February 2002
Location of Shuangyashan City (yellow) in Heilongjiang (light grey) and China
Shuangyashan
Location of the city centre in Heilongjiang
Coordinates (Shuangyashan municipal government): 46°40′34″N 131°08′30″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHeilongjiang
County-level divisions8
Municipal seatJianshan District
Government
 • TypePrefecture-level city
 • CPC Shuangyashan SecretaryLi Xiangang (李显刚)
 • MayorWu Fengcheng (武凤呈)
Area
 • Total26,483 km2 (10,225 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total1,462,626
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
155000
Area code(s)0469
ISO 3166 codeCN-HL-05
Licence plates黑J
ClimateDwb
Shuangyashan
"Shuangyashan", as written in Chinese
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese双鸭山
Traditional Chinese雙鴨山
Literal meaningdouble duck mountain
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡧᡠᠸᠠᠩ ᠶᠠ ᡧᠠᠨ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ
RomanizationJuru'niyehe'alin hoton
Russian name
RussianШуанъяшань

Administrative divisions
# Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population (2003 est.) Area (km²) Density (/km²)
1 Jianshan District 尖山区 Jiānshān Qū 210,000 118 1,780
3 Lingdong District 岭东区 Lǐngdōng Qū 90,000 908 99
2 Sifangtai District 四方台区 Sìfāngtái Qū 70,000 169 414
4 Baoshan District 宝山区 Bǎoshān Qū 130,000 572 227
5 Jixian County 集贤县 Jíxián Xiàn 310,000 2,860 108
6 Youyi County 友谊县 Yǒuyì Xiàn 120,000 1,800 67
7 Baoqing County 宝清县 Bǎoqīng Xiàn 420,000 13,443 31
8 Raohe County 饶河县 Ráohé Xiàn 140,000 6,613 21

History

Shuangyashan was given its name in AD 1384 during the Ming Dynasty. However, few people lived in the area before coal was discovered there in 1914. In 1928 a major coal mining operation was established on the site and in 1946 the area was first designated a county. Shuangyashan was established as a special mining district in 1954 and officially designated a city by the CPC Central Committee and State Council in 1956.

Geography and climate

Resources

Shuangyashan is rich in coal, magnetite and marble. The proven coal reserves in the city total 11 billion tons, ranking first out of 13 prefecture and prefecture-level cities in the province. The magnetite reserves in Shuangyashan exceed 120 million tons, ranking first in Heilongjiang Province.

Climate

The city has a cold temperate monsoon climate, with long, cold, windy winters. The annual mean temperature in the city is 4.46 °C (40.0 °F).

Climate data for Shuangyashan (1981–2010 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −11.9
(10.6)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 1.3
(34.3)		 12.5
(54.5)		 20.1
(68.2)		 25.1
(77.2)		 27.3
(81.1)		 25.9
(78.6)		 20.5
(68.9)		 11.6
(52.9)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 −9.8
(14.4)		 9.6
(49.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) −16.6
(2.1)		 −11.9
(10.6)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 6.9
(44.4)		 14.2
(57.6)		 19.6
(67.3)		 22.4
(72.3)		 21.0
(69.8)		 14.8
(58.6)		 6.2
(43.2)		 −5.2
(22.6)		 −14.2
(6.4)		 4.5
(40.0)
Average low °C (°F) −20.2
(−4.4)		 −16.4
(2.5)		 −8.5
(16.7)		 1.4
(34.5)		 8.3
(46.9)		 14.1
(57.4)		 17.7
(63.9)		 16.6
(61.9)		 9.8
(49.6)		 1.5
(34.7)		 −9.0
(15.8)		 −17.6
(0.3)		 −0.2
(31.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7.3
(0.29)		 6.7
(0.26)		 15.9
(0.63)		 27.2
(1.07)		 48.1
(1.89)		 83.8
(3.30)		 122.1
(4.81)		 130.2
(5.13)		 55.8
(2.20)		 32.8
(1.29)		 10.7
(0.42)		 10.9
(0.43)		 551.5
(21.72)
Average relative humidity (%) 67 60 53 50 54 67 74 77 68 56 56 65 62
Source: China Meteorological Administration[3]

Economy

Shuangyashan is a major center for coal mining. The city also produces steel, lumber, chemicals, building materials, textiles, electric machinery, and food products. In 2010, Shuangyashan's GDP reached RMB 37.67 billion, featuring a growth of 25% from a year ago.[4] The production output of steel and coal ranked the first and the second in Heilongjiang province. The region has attracted investments from large domestic companies such as Shandong Luneng Group and Jianlong Group. Tourism, retailing and wholesaling are also the pillars of the city's service sector.[5]

More recently, the city has been feeling the effects of the coal downturn, with mining demand collapsing amidst a slowdown in China's economic growth.[6]

Transportation

Shuangyashan is the end of the Harbin to Shuangyashan railway spur link. 15 hours from Harbin by train, and 90 minutes from the closest prefecture-level city, Jiamusi. A modern freeway connects the town to Jiamusi over a distance of 57 km (35 mi). There is a modern coach service as well which does this trip in approximately 45 minutes. The city is 80 km (50 mi) from Jiamusi Airport, which operates regular flights to Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai, Qingdao, Guangzhou, Sanya and Khabarovsk.

Sight-seeing
A small house in the countryside a few kilometres outside of Shuangyashan

Shuangyashan is surrounded by small mountains, and a large park based around one of these mountains forms a major feature of the outdoor life of the town. During the winter, this pine and elm-covered mountain forms an area for recreational activities.

References
  1. 2010年黑龙江省第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报. Heilongjiang Bureau of Statistics (黑龙江省统计局). Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
  2. 双鸭山城市介绍. jiaodong.net. 2008-09-15.
  3. 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  4. 2010年双鸭山市国民经济和社会发展统计公报. Heilongjiang Bureau of Statistics.
  5. Profiles of China Provinces, Cities and Industrial Parks
  6. Children of Coal: Life After the Collapse
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