Timeline of the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol
The following article is a broad timeline of the course of events surrounding the storming of the United States Capitol on January 6, 2021, by rioters supporting United States President Donald Trump's attempts to overturn his defeat in the 2020 presidential election. Pro-Trump rioters stormed the United States Capitol after assembling on the Ellipse of the Capitol complex for the "Save America March".[1][2]
Following the rally, President Trump, Donald Trump Jr., Rudy Giuliani, and several Republican members of Congress addressed the crowd, repeating unfounded claims of electoral fraud affecting the 2020 election outcome and encouraging supporters to "fight like hell" to "take back our country" and suggesting a march towards the Capitol.[3][4] The demonstrations turned violent when attendees breached multiple police perimeters, and occupied, vandalized,[5][6] and ransacked[7] parts of the building for several hours.[7][8] Five people—including Capitol Police officer Brian D. Sicknick--died over the course of the events and dozens more were seriously injured.[9][10][11]
Timeline
All times specified or approximated given in Eastern Time, or UTC-5:00:
Tuesday, January 5
- Thousands of protesters gather in Freedom Plaza during the morning, in advance of protest events planned in D.C.[12]
- Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund holds a teleconference with top law enforcement and military officials from D.C., including the FBI, U.S. Secret Service and the National Guard; Sund later wrote no entity provided any intelligence indicating that there would be a coordinated violent attack on the United States Capitol by thousands of well-equipped armed insurrectionists.[13]
- U.S. House Representative Zoe Lofgren (D-CA) holds a teleconference with Capitol Police chief Steven Sund and House Sergeant-at-Arms Paul Irving; Sund tells Lofgren that the National Guard is on standby and that Capitol Police are well-staffed and prepared for the protests.[14]
- After speaking with Representative Lofgren, Sund reiterates to Representative Tim Ryan (D-OH) that Capitol Police are prepared.[14]
- At least ten people were arrested during the evening and into Wednesday morning, several on weapons charges.[15]
Wednesday, January 6
- 8:17 a.m.: President Trump tweets allegations of vote fraud, stating, "States want to correct their votes, which they now know were based on irregularities and fraud, plus corrupt process never received legislative approval. All Mike Pence has to do is send them back to the States, AND WE WIN. Do it Mike, this is a time for extreme courage!"[16]
- 10:30 a.m.: Benjamin Philips splits from his group to park, not reuniting but later dying from a stroke at George Washington University Hospital.[17]
- 11:00 a.m.: The Ellipse, located south of the White House, is filled with Trump supporters.[16]
- 11:30 a.m.: Acting Secretary of Defense Christopher C. Miller participates in a tabletop exercise on Department of Defense contingency response options for the D.C. protests.[18]
- 12:00 p.m.: President Trump begins his over one-hour speech.[16] He repeats allegations that the election was stolen, criticizing Vice President Mike Pence by name a half-dozen times, accusing fellow Republicans of not doing enough to back up his allegations, and stating that he would walk with the crowd to the Capitol, though he retires to the White House immediately after the speech.[19]
- 12:30 p.m.: Crowds of pro-Trump supporters gather outside the U.S. Capitol building.[20]
- 12:49 p.m.:
- Capitol Police respond to a report of a possible explosive device at the Republican National Committee Headquarters, which is later identified as a pipe bomb. Shortly afterwards, a second pipe bomb is found at the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee.[21][20] Buildings next to these headquarters are evacuated.[22]
- A police sweep of the area identifies a vehicle which held one handgun, an M4 Carbine assault rifle with loaded magazine, and components for 11 Molotov cocktails with homemade napalm. Around 6:30 p.m, the driver was apprehended carrying two unregistered handguns as he returned to the vehicle. He is not suspected of planting the pipe bombs.[22][23]
- 12:53 p.m.: Rioters overwhelm police along the outer perimeter west of the Capitol building, pushing aside temporary fencing. Some protesters immediately follow, while others, at least initially, remain behind and admonish the others: "Don't do it. You're breaking the law."[24] By 1:03 p.m., a vanguard of rioters have overrun three layers of barricades and have forced police officers to the base of the west Capitol steps.[21]
- 1:00 p.m.:
- Senators and Vice President Pence walk to the House chamber.[16]
- Pence releases a letter stating that the Constitution prevents him from unilaterally interfering with the 2021 United States Electoral College vote count.[16]
- Chief Sund calls D.C. Metro Police Chief Contee, who deploys 100 officers to the Capitol complex, the earliest arriving within 10 minutes.[20]
- 1:05 p.m.:
- 1:09 p.m.: Chief Sund asks House Sergeant at Arms Paul D. Irving and Senate Sergeant at Arms Michael C. Stenger to declare an emergency and call for deployment of the National Guard. Irving and Stenger state that they will forward the request up their chains of command. Soon afterwards, aides to Congressional leaders arrive in Stenger's office and are outraged to learn that he has not yet called for any reinforcement.[20]
- 1:10 p.m.: President Trump ends his speech by encouraging the crowd to march to the Capitol: "We’re going to try and give them [Republicans] the kind of pride and boldness that they need to take back our country."[18]
- 1:12 p.m.: Rep. Paul Gosar (R-AZ) and Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) object to certifying the votes made in the 2020 United States presidential election in Arizona. The joint session separates into House and Senate chambers to debate the objection.[16]
- 1:26 p.m.: The U.S. Capitol Police order evacuation of at least two buildings in the Capitol complex, including the Cannon House Office Building and the Madison Building of the Library of Congress.[18][25][26]
- 1:30 p.m.:
- Capitol Police are overwhelmed and forced to retreat up the steps of the Capitol.[16]
- Large numbers of Trump supporters march from the Ellipse 1.5 miles down Pennsylvania Avenue toward the Capitol.
- 1:34 p.m.: D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser requests via phone that Army Secretary Ryan D. McCarthy provide an unspecified number of additional forces.[18]
- 1:35 p.m.: In Senate deliberations, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) warns that refusing to certify the results of the presidential election under false pretenses would push American democracy into a "death spiral".[16]
- 1:49 p.m.: Capitol Police Chief Sund requests immediate assistance from District of Columbia National Guard (DCNG) Commander Maj. Gen. William J. Walker.[18]
- 1:50 p.m.: D.C. Metro Police on-scene commander Robert Glover declares a riot.[27]
- 1:51 p.m.: Trump supporter Alex Jones speaks from a bullhorn to the crowd on west side exhorting them to remain peaceful and to "not fight the police." He directs them to "the other [East] side" where he claims they have a permit and a stage.[28]
- 1:58 p.m.: Along the east side of the Capitol, a much smaller police presence retreats from a different mob, removing a barrier along the northeast corner of the building. At 2:00 p.m. the mob removes the last barrier protecting the east side of the Capitol.[21]
- 1:59 p.m.: Chief Sund receives the first reports that rioters had reached the Capitol's doors and windows and were trying to break in.[29]
- 2:05 p.m.: Kevin Greeson is declared dead after suffering a heart attack outdoors on the Capitol grounds.[30]
- 2:10 p.m.:
- 2:11 p.m.: Rioter Dominic Pezzola breaks a window on the northwest side of the Capitol with a plastic shield.[29]
- 2:12 p.m.: The first rioter enters the Capitol through the broken window,[29] opening a door for others.[21]
- 2:13 p.m.: Vice President Pence is removed from the Senate chamber to a nearby office.[29] The Senate is called into recess.[21]
- 2:14 p.m.:
- Rioters chase a lone Capitol Police officer up northwest stairs, where there are doors to the Senate chamber in both directions, as police inside the chamber attempt to lock doors.[21] If the mob had arrived about a minute earlier, it would have been in sight of Vice President Pence as he was moved into an office about 100 feet from the landing.[29] Officer Eugene Goodman leads the mob to backup in front of a set of Senate doors while senators inside attempt to evacuate.[21]
- As Representative Gosar speaks to the House against certifying Arizona's electoral votes, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) is removed from the chamber by her protective detail.[14]
- 2:20 p.m.: The House adjourns and starts to evacuate.[16]
- 2:22 p.m.: Army Secretary McCarthy has a phone call with Mayor Bowser, D.C. Deputy Mayor John Falcicchio, Director of the D.C. Homeland Security and Emergency Management Agency Christopher Rodriguez, and leadership of the Metro Police in which additional DCNG support is requested.[18]
- 2:24 p.m.: President Trump tweets,
"Mike Pence didn't have the courage to do what should have been done to protect our Country and our Constitution, giving States a chance to certify a corrected set of facts, not the fraudulent or inaccurate ones which they were asked to previously certify. USA demands the truth!"[16]
- 2:26 p.m.: D.C.'s homeland security director Chris Rodriquez coordinates a conference call with Mayor Bowser, the chiefs of the Capitol Police and Metro Police, and DCNG Maj. Gen. Walker. As the DCNG does not report to a governor, but to the President, Maj. Gen. Walker patched in the Office of the Secretary of the Army, noting that he would need Pentagon authorization to deploy. Lt. Gen. Walter E. Piatt, director of the Army Staff, noted that the Pentagon needed Capitol Police authorization to step onto Capitol grounds. Sund began describing the breach by rioters but the call became unintelligible as multiple people began asking questions at the same time. Metro Police Chief Robert Contee asked for clarification from Capitol Police Chief Sund: "Steve, are you requesting National Guard assistance at the Capitol?" to which Chief Sund replied, "I am making urgent, urgent, immediate request for National Guard assistance." According to Sund, Lt. Gen. Piatt stated, "I don't like the visual of the National Guard standing a police line with the Capitol in the background", and that he prefer that the Guard relieve police posts around D.C. to allow police to deploy to the Capitol. Contee pleaded with Lt. Gen. Piatt to send the Guard, but Lt. Gen. Piatt stated that only Army Secretary McCarthy had the authority to approve such a request and he could not recommend that Secretary McCarthy approve the request for assistance directly to the Capitol. The D.C. officials were subsequently described as "flabbergasted" at this message. McCarthy would later state that he was not in this conference call because he was already entering a meeting with senior Department leadership.[20] Piatt contests this description of the call, denying that he talked about visuals and stating that he stayed on the conference call while senior Defense Department officials were meeting.[31] The Army falsely denied for two weeks that Lt. Gen. Charles A. Flynn - the Army deputy chief of staff for operations, plans and training - was in this call. His brother Michael Flynn, a retired Trump National Security Advisor, had pledged an oath to the QAnon conspiracy theory, though there are no indications that Lt. Gen. Flynn shares his brother's beliefs.[32]
- 2:26 p.m.: After receipt of a call from DC Mayor Muriel E. Bowser indicating that DoD had refused to send assistance to the U.S. Capitol, the Public Safety Secretary of Virginia, Brian Moran, dispatches the Virginia State Police to the US capitol as permitted by mutual aid agreement with DC. [33]
- 2:28 p.m.: Capitol Police Chief Steven Sund reiterates his request for National Guard support to help shore up the perimeter of the Capitol.[34]
- 2:30 p.m.: Secretary Miller, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Mark Milley, and Army Secretary McCarthy meet to discuss Capitol Police and D.C. government requests.[18]
- 2:38 p.m.: President Trump tweets,
"Please support our Capitol Police and Law Enforcement. They are truly on the side of our Country. Stay peaceful!"[16]
- 2:44 p.m.: Pro-Trump rioter Ashli Babbitt is shot by Capitol Police while attempting to force entry into the Speaker's Lobby adjacent to the House chambers.[35]
- 2:49 p.m.: After discussion with his chief of staff, Clark Mercer, the Governor of Virginia, Ralph Northam, activates all available assets of the State of Virginia including the Virginia National Guard to aid the US capitol. Authorization from DoD required for legal deployment of Virginia National Guard in DC was not granted. [33][36]
- 3:00 p.m.: Acting Defense Secretary Miller decides to deploy all available DCNG forces to reinforce Metro Police and Capitol Police as they attempt to reestablish security in the Capitol complex. Army Secretary McCarthy orders the D.C. National Guard to prepare Guardsmen to move from the D.C. Armory to the Capitol complex, pending formal approval from Secretary Miller.[18]
- 3:04 p.m.: Secretary Miller, with advice from senior Defense leadership, formally approves full activation of the 1,100 soldiers in the DCNG. Army Secretary McCarthy orders the DCNG to begin full mobilization.[18] Most of activated Guardsmen would require two hours to leave their jobs and homes and equip themselves at the D.C. Armory.[20]
- 3:13 p.m.: President Trump tweets,
"I am asking for everyone at the U.S. Capitol to remain peaceful. No violence! Remember, WE are the Party of Law & Order – respect the Law and our great men and women in Blue. Thank you!"[16]
- 3:15 p.m.: House Speaker Pelosi calls the Governor of Virginia. The Governor of Virginia, Ralph Northam, confirms to House Speaker Pelosi that all assets of the State of Virginia including the National Guard are being sent to aid the U.S. Capitol. [33]
- 3:15 p.m.: First assets from Virginia begin rolling into DC.[33]
- 3:19 p.m.: Army Secretary McCarthy has a phone call with Senator Schumer and House Speaker Pelosi about Mayor Bowser's request. McCarthy explains that a full DCNG mobilization has been approved.[18]
- 3:26 p.m.: McCarthy has a phone call with Mayor Bowser and Metro Police Chief Contee conveying that their request was not denied and that Secretary Miller has approved full activation of the DCNG.[18]
- 3:32 p.m.: Virginia Governor Ralph Northam orders mobilization of Virginia National Guard forces in anticipation of a request for support according to Secretary of Defense timeline. Note inconsistency with statements of Virginia Governor. Statements of Virginia Governor indicate: 1) he authorized all forces under his command to help capitol before DoD, and 2) DoD only followed after dissemination of his mobilization.[18] [33]
- 3:36 p.m.: White House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany tweets that National Guard and other Federal forces are headed to the Capitol.[16]
- 3:37 p.m.: Maryland Governor Larry Hogan orders mobilization of Maryland National Guard forces in anticipation of a request for support.[18]
- 3:46 p.m.: Chief of the National Guard Bureau Gen. Daniel R. Hokanson has a phone call with Virginia Adjutant General Timothy P. Williams to discuss support to Washington, D.C. and is informed that Virginia National Guard forces have already been mobilized.[18]
- 3:48 p.m.: Army Secretary McCarthy leaves the Pentagon for Metro Police Department Headquarters in the Henry Daly Building.[18]
- 3:55 p.m.: Gen. Hokanson has a phone call with Maryland Adjutant General Maj. Gen. Timothy E. Gowen to discuss support to Washington, D.C. and is informed that Maryland National Guard forces have already been mobilized.[18]
- 4:05 p.m.: President-elect Biden holds a press conference calling on President Trump to "demand an end to this siege".[16]
- 4:10 p.m.: Army Secretary McCarthy arrives at D.C. Metro Police Department Headquarters.[18]
- 4:17 p.m.: Trump uploads a video to his Twitter denouncing the riots, but maintaining the false claims that the election was stolen.[16] This was one of three takes, with the "most palatable option" chosen by White House aides for distribution.[37] In the video he says:[38]
" I know your pain, I know you're hurt. We had an election that was stolen from us. It was a landslide election and everyone knows it, especially the other side. But you have to go home now. We have to have peace. We have to have law and order. We have to respect our great people in law and order. We don't want anybody hurt. It's a very tough period of time. There's never been a time like this where such a thing happened where they could take it away from all of us — from me, from you, from our country. This was a fraudulent election, but we can't play into the hands of these people. We have to have peace. So go home. We love you. You're very special. You've seen what happens. You see the way others are treated that are so bad and so evil. I know how you feel, but go home, and go home in peace.”
- 4:18 p.m.: Secretary Miller, Gen. Milley, Army Secretary McCarthy, and Gen. Hokanson discuss availability of National Guard forces located outside of the immediate D.C. Metro area. Secretary Miller verbally authorizes mustering and deployment of out-of-State National Guard forces to DC.[18]
- 4:32 p.m.: Secretary Miller authorizes DCNG to conduct perimeter and clearance operations in support of the U.S. Capitol Police.[18]
- 4:40 p.m.: Army Secretary McCarthy has a phone call with Maryland Governor Hogan in which the Governor agrees to send Maryland NG forces to D.C., expected the next day.[18]
- 5:40 p.m.: 154 DCNG soldiers arrive at the Capitol Complex, swear in with the Capitol Police, and begin support operations, having departed the D.C. Armory at 5:02.[18]
- Around 5:40 p.m.: As the interior of the Capitol is cleared of rioters, leaders of Congress state that they will continue tallying electoral votes.[16]
- 5:45 p.m.: Secretary Miller signs formal authorization for out-of-State National Guard to muster and deploy in support of U.S. Capitol Police.[18]
- Around 5:45 p.m.: Police announce that Ashli Babbitt, the rioter shot inside the Capitol, has died.[16]
- 6:00 p.m.: D.C. curfew comes into effect.[16]
- 6:01 p.m.: President Trump tweets,
"These are the things and events that happen when a sacred landslide election victory is so unceremoniously & viciously stripped away from great patriots who have been badly & unfairly treated for so long. Go home with love & in peace. Remember this day forever!"[16]
- 6:09 p.m.: Rosanne Boyland is pronounced dead at a local hospital, after being trampled to death by people rushing to breach a tunnel entrance on the west side of the Capitol.[39]
- 6:14 p.m.: U.S. Capitol Police, D.C. Metro Police, and DCNG successfully establish a perimeter on the west side of the U.S. Capitol.[18]
- 6:30 p.m.: Sund briefs Pence and other members of congressional leadership on the security situation, advising that both chambers could reopen by 7:30 p.m.[40]
- 7:00 p.m.: Facebook, Inc. removes President Trump's posts from Facebook and Instagram for "contribut[ing] to, rather than diminish[ing], the risk of ongoing violence."[16]
- 7:02 p.m.: Twitter removes Trump's tweets and suspends his account for twelve hours for "repeated and severe violations of [its] Civic Integrity policy".[16]
- 8:00 p.m.: U.S. Capitol Police declare the Capitol building to be secure.[18]
- 8:06 p.m.: The Senate reconvenes, with Vice President Pence presiding, to continue debating the objection to the Arizona electoral count.[16]
- 8:36 p.m.: Facebook blocks Trump's page for 24 hours.[16]
- 9:00 p.m.: Speaker Pelosi reopens the House debate.[16]
- 10:15 p.m.: The Senate votes 93–6 against the objection raised by a handful of Republican senators against the counting of Arizona's electoral votes.[41][42]
- 11:30 p.m.: The House votes 303–121 to reject the Republican objection to the counting of Arizona's electoral votes.[42]
Thursday, January 7
- 12:15 a.m.: Republican Representative Scott Perry (R-PA) and Senator Josh Hawley (R-MO) objected to the counting of Pennsylvania's electoral votes, triggering a two-hour debate in both chambers.[42]
- 12:55 a.m.: The Senate rejects, 92–7, the objection raised by a handful of Republican senators against the counting of Pennsylvania's electoral votes.[42]
- 2:20 a.m.: A small number of representatives nearly have a physical confrontation in the House chamber. After Representative Conor Lamb (D-PA) said the attack on the Capitol by the angry pro-Trump mob earlier in the day was "inspired by lies, the same lies you are hearing in this room tonight," Representative Morgan Griffith (R-VA) objected to Lamb's remarks; the objection was rejected by Speaker Pelosi. Several minutes later, members of both parties have a heated verbal discussion in the middle aisle in close proximity, breaking up when Pelosi called for order.[42]
- 3:10 a.m.: The House rejects, 282–138, the Republican objection against the counting of Pennsylvania's electoral votes.[42]
- 3:24 a.m.: After all the objections are rejected, Congress completes the counting of the electoral votes, with Biden winning, 306–232; Vice President Pence affirms the election result, formally declaring Biden the winner.[16][42]
- Shortly after Twitter unlocked Trump's account, Trump released a video statement condemning the violence at the Capitol, saying that "a new administration will be inaugurated", and that his "focus now turns to ensuring a smooth, orderly, and seamless transition of power" to the Biden administration.[43][44]
- Around 9:30 p.m.: Capitol Police officer Brian D. Sicknick dies after being injured by rioters the previous day.[45]
Friday, January 8
- President Trump tweets that he will not attend Biden's inauguration ceremony on January 20. This is Trump's last tweet before his permanent ban on Twitter the same day.[46]
- Twitter permanently bans Trump from its platform, citing "the risk of further incitement of violence".[47]
- Parler, a platform allegedly used to plan the storming, is removed from the Google Play Store after the users on the app allegedly planned further violence at the Capitol.[48]
Saturday, January 9
- The flag outside the Capitol building is lowered to half-staff to pay respect to officer Sicknick who died the day before after suffering injuries in the riot.[49]
- Citing posts that risked incitement of violence, Apple removes Parler from its App Store, stating Parler's moderation procedures toward violence-inciting speech were insufficient.[50]
- For similar reasons, Amazon Web Services announces it will terminate hosting services for Parler through its cloud servers at 11:59 p.m. on January 10; this will result in Parler's complete shutdown, unless the platform can find another hosting service before it is removed from Amazon's servers.[51][52] Employee group Amazon Employees for Climate Justice had called on the company to terminate web hosting of the platform unless Parler changed its moderation policies, after Amazon reported 98 instances of posts featured on Parler that "clearly encourage and incite violence."[53][52]
Monday, January 11
- 2:59 a.m. (11:59 p.m. PST): Parler goes offline after being suspended from Amazon's cloud servers for hosting violent content.[54]
- The National Guard was authorized to send up to 15,000 troops to Washington as a security measure to safeguard the capital.
- The FBI bulletin disseminated to the media reported that armed far-right pro-Trump protests were planned at all 50 state capitols and at the United States Capitol from January 17 through January 20, 2021, Joe Biden's Inauguration Day.[55][56][57][58]
Wednesday, January 13
- President Trump is impeached for an unprecedented second time by the House of Representatives for the high crime of Incitement of Insurrection[59] for "inciting violence against the Government of the United States."[60]
- The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) sends out a bulletin advising law enforcement agencies to be cautious when arresting suspects involved in the storming, especially of those who were spotted wearing body armor or "other armament" during the incident.[61]
Wednesday, January 20
- In the inauguration of Joe Biden, Vice President Joe Biden is sworn in as the 46th president of the United States at the United States Capitol. Senator Kamala Harris is sworn in as the 49th vice president of the United States. Numerous members of the DCNG, the NG of surrounding states, Capitol Police, and DC Police guard the closed-off premises.[62][63]
Wednesday, January 27
- The Chief of the Metropolitan Police Department announces that a second officer present at the riot died by committing suicide. The Chief also mentions that many other officers are suffering from trauma related to the riot.[64]
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At approximately 9:30 p.m. this evening (January 7, 2021), United States Capitol Police Officer Brian D. Sicknick passed away due to injuries sustained while on-duty. Officer Sicknick was responding to the riots on Wednesday, January 6, 2021, at the U.S. Capitol and was injured while physically engaging with protesters. He returned to his division office and collapsed. He was taken to a local hospital where he succumbed to his injuries. The death of Officer Sicknick will be investigated by the Metropolitan Police Department's Homicide Branch, the USCP, and our federal partners. Officer Sicknick joined the USCP in July 2008, and most recently served in the Department's First Responder's Unit.
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External links
- US Capitol stormed, collected news and commentary. BBC News Online.
- Save America rally speeches (video)
- FBI Seeking Information Related to Violent Activity at the U.S Capitol Building - FBI
- How a Presidential Rally Turned Into a Capitol Rampage, New York Times Visual Investigations timeline with photo and video support