Yuenyeung

Yuenyeung (Chinese: 鴛鴦, often transliterated according to the Cantonese language pronunciation Yuenyeung,[1] Yinyeung, or Yinyong[2]), yuanyang (in Mandarin), coffee with tea, also commonly known as Kopi Cham in Malaysia ( from the Hokkien cham, "mix")[3] is a popular beverage in Hong Kong. Made of a mixture of three parts of coffee and seven parts of Hong Kong-style milk tea, it can be served hot or cold.[4]

Yuenyeung
Iced yuenyeung at a cha chaan teng in Hong Kong (2007)
CourseDrink
Place of originHong Kong
Serving temperatureHot or iced
Main ingredientsBrewed coffee, Hong Kong-style milk tea (black tea, evaporated or condensed milk), sugar
VariationsMalaysian Kopi Cham
Yuenyeung
Traditional Chinese鴛鴦
Simplified Chinese鸳鸯
Hanyu PinyinYuānyāng
Cantonese YaleYūnyēung

It was originally served at dai pai dongs (open air food vendors) and cha chaan tengs (café), but is now available in various types of restaurants.

Tea mixed with coffee is also consumed in Ethiopia, where it is known as spreeze.[5]

Etymology

The name Yuenyeung, which refers to mandarin ducks (Yuanyang), is a symbol of conjugal love in Chinese culture, as the birds usually appear in pairs and the male and female look very different.[6] This same connotation of a "pair" of two unlike items is used to name this drink.[4]

Origin
Kopi Cham, a drink of coffee plus tea, is usually served hot or iced in Malaysia.

There is dispute over whether other coffee-and-tea mixtures have been independently invented in the Western world, with some claiming it originally was a Dutch serving method. Various individuals have combined coffee with tea, sometimes using the name CoffTea or Tea Espress.

A Hong Kong dai pai dong-style restaurant called Lan Fong Yuen (蘭芳園)[7] claims both Yuenyeung and silk-stocking milk tea were invented in 1952[8] by its owner, a Mr. Lam. Its claim for the former is unverified, but that for the latter is on the record in the official minutes of a LegCo council meeting from 2007,[9] lending it significant plausibility.

The concept was later suggested on the Halfbakery in 2000,[10] and singer Peter André claimed to have invented CoffTea in an interview in 2004.[11] In an interview in 2006, Sandra Blund recommended combining Savarin with chamomile tea in a ratio of 2 to 1 or combining organic Bolivian coffee and White Rose tea in equal parts.[12] Blund claimed to have met a Cistercian nun from Tennessee who began combining the drinks in 1936, about 16 years before Lan Fong Yuen claims to have invented it in Hong Kong.

Adoption

During the summer of 2010, Starbucks stores in Hong Kong and Macau promoted a frappuccino version of the drink.[13] It was sold as the "Yuen Yeung Frappuccino Blended Cream".[14]

Children Yuenyeung

There is a caffeine-free variant of Yuenyueng, called Children Yuenyeung (兒童鴛鴦). It is made of Horlicks and Ovaltine, both of which are common in cha chaan tengs in Hong Kong.[15]

References
  1. Richard R. Wertz: Cultural Heritage of China - Food & Drink - Tea - Tea Cultures
  2. Sparklette Food & Travel Blog: Hong Kong Kim Gary Restaurant - Toast of Hong Kong. April 17, 2007
  3. "Teh & Kopi". July 23, 2007.
  4. ""Yuanyang" exhibition showcases the contemporary ceramic art" (Press release). HKSAR Leisure and Cultural Services Department. 2003-02-11. Archived from the original on 2007-02-24. Retrieved 2007-01-12.
  5. Pillai, Gerard (2009). The Fish Eagle's Lament: Travels in Southwest Ethiopia. Troubador Publishing Ltd. p. 65. ISBN 978-1848761308. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  6. "教育部國語辭典:鴛鴦". Ministry of Education, Taiwan. Archived from the original on 2005-05-01. Retrieved 2007-01-14.
  7. "Lan Fong Yuen (Central)". OpenRice Hong Kong.
  8. "Brand Story_LAN Fong Yuen milk tea". www.hklanfongyuen.com.
  9. "Microsoft Word - e_cm1219-translate-e.doc" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-02-06.
  10. Halfbakery: "CoffTea - a little bit of both". March 21, 2000
  11. Virgin Media: "Peter Andre interview by Alex Robertson"
  12. The New York Observer: "Coffee Tea: An Interview". October 1, 2006.
  13. Michael Taylor (8 October 2010). "Starbucks Takes on Hong Kong Tastes (Part 2)". accidentaltravelwriter.net. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
  14. Starbucks Hong Kong: "Escape This Summer With a Taste of Home" September 16, 2010
  15. Lew, Josh. "Coffee or tea? With this drink, you get both". mnn.com. Narrative Content Group. Retrieved 24 August 2019.

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