26th New Zealand Parliament

The 26th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1938 general election in October of that year.

26th Parliament of New Zealand
←25th Parliament 27th Parliament→
Overview
Legislative bodyNew Zealand Parliament
Term27 June 1939 – 26 August 1943
Election1938 New Zealand general election
GovernmentFirst Labour Government
House of Representatives
Members80
Speaker of the HouseBill Barnard
Prime MinisterPeter Fraser from 1 April 1940
— Michael Joseph Savage until 27 March 1940 †
Leader of the OppositionSidney Holland
— Adam Hamilton until 26 November 1940
Legislative Council
Speaker of the CouncilMark Fagan
— Sir Walter Carncross until 18 July 1939
Leader of the CouncilDavid Wilson
Sovereign
Members34 (at start)
36 (at end)
MonarchHM George VI
Governor-GeneralHE Rt. Hon. Sir Cyrill Newall from 22 February 1941
— HE Rt. Hon. The Viscount Galway until 3 February 1941
Sessions
1st27 June 1939 – 6 October 1939
2nd30 May 1940 – 31 July 1940
3rd21 August 1940 – 30 August 1940
4th1 October 1940 – 11 October 1940
5th26 November 1940 – 6 December 1940
6th12 March 1941 – 27 March 1941
7th10 June 1941 – 12 June 1941
8th15 July 1941 – 17 October 1941

1938 general election
Main article: 1938 New Zealand general election

The 1938 general election was held on Friday, 14 October in the Māori electorates and on Saturday, 15 October in the general electorates, respectively.[1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 48 represented North Island electorates, 28 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.[2] 995,173 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 92.9%.[1]

Sessions

The 26th Parliament sat for an unprecedented 19 sessions by omitting the 1941 general election, and was prorogued on 30 August 1943.[3] A 1941 act extended the life of parliament to 1 November 1942,[4] and a 1942 act allowed extension to "one year from the termination of the present war",[5] although a general election was held in 1943.

SessionOpenedAdjourned
first27 June 19396 October 1939
second30 May 194031 July 1940
third21 August 194030 August 1940
fourth1 October 194011 October 1940
fifth26 November 19406 December 1940
sixth12 March 194127 March 1941
seventh10 June 194112 June 1941
eight15 July 194117 October 1941
ninth11 December 194112 December 1941
tenth5 February 194212 February 1942
eleventh17 March 194220 March 1942
twelfth28 April 19429 May 1942
thirteenth24 June 194210 July 1942
fourteenth18 August 194220 August 1942
fifteenth14 October 194222 October 1942
sixteenth2 December 19424 December 1942
seventeenth24 February 194318 March 1943
eighteenth19 May 19432 July 1943
nineteenth20 July 194325 August 1943

Ministries

The Labour Party had been in power since December 1935, and Michael Joseph Savage led the Savage Ministry.[6] The opposition had consisted of the United Party and the Reform Party, which merged in 1936 during the term of the 25th Parliament to form the National Party. The First Labour Government was confirmed at the 1938 general election with an increased majority, and the Savage Ministry remained until Savage's death on 27 March 1940.[7]

Savage was succeeded as Prime Minister by Peter Fraser, who formed the Fraser Ministry on 1 April 1940. The first Fraser Ministry resigned on 30 April 1940 and was reappointed, with some portfolios adjusted.[8] The second Fraser Ministry remained in power until its defeat by the National Party at the 1949 election.[9][10]

A War Cabinet was formed on 16 July 1940, which held the responsibility for all decisions relating to New Zealand's involvement in World War II. The War Cabinet was dissolved on 21 August 1945.[11] For some months in 1942, a War Administration was in place. Formed on 30 June and dissolved on 2 October, the War Administration had responsibility for all war matters, with the War Cabinet as its executive body.[11]

Party standings

Start of Parliament
Party Leader(s) Seats at start
Labour PartyMichael Joseph Savage53
National PartyAdam Hamilton25
Independents2

End of Parliament
Party Leader(s) Seats at start
Labour PartyPeter Fraser50
National PartySidney Holland25
Democratic LabourJohn A. Lee2
Independents3

Initial composition of the 26th Parliament

The following table shows the initial composition of the 26th Parliament: Key

  Labour     National     Country Party     Independent     Independent Liberal  

Electorate results for the 1938 New Zealand general election[12][13]
ElectorateIncumbentWinnerMajorityRunner up
General electorates
Auckland Central Bill Parry 6,181 Clifford Reid Dodd[14]
Auckland East Bill Schramm 2,626 Harry Tom Merritt[15][16]
Auckland Suburbs Rex Mason 4,862 Maxwell Stuart Walker[17]
Auckland West Michael Joseph Savage 8,007 John W. Kealy[18]
Avon Dan Sullivan 6,179 Hiram Hunter
Awarua James Hargest 660 J A Beck
Bay of Islands Harold Rushworth Charles Boswell 163 Harold Fisher Guy[19]
Bay of Plenty Gordon Hultquist 169 Bill Sullivan
Buller Paddy Webb 6,144 T O Maddison
Central Otago William Bodkin 1,231 James McIndoe Mackay[20]
Christchurch East Tim Armstrong 7,179 Ken Armour
Christchurch North Sidney Holland 492 Robert Macfarlane
Christchurch South Ted Howard 5,995 Gladstone Ward[21]
Clutha James Roy 714 Herbert Kerr Edie
Dunedin Central Peter Neilson 3,814 William John Meade
Dunedin North Jim Munro 3,557 Alexander Smith Falconer[22][23][24][25]
Dunedin South Fred Jones 4,314 Rev. Ernest Aderman
Dunedin West Dr Gervan McMillan 2,639 Stuart Sidey[26]
Eden Bill Anderton 2,333 Donald Pool[27]
Egmont Charles Wilkinson 1,402 T E Trask
Franklin Arthur Sexton Jack Massey 2,057 Ernest Piggott[19]
Gisborne David Coleman 3,640 K F Jones
Grey Lynn John A. Lee 8,607 Joseph Alexander Govan[15]
Hamilton Charles Barrell 1,860 Albert William Grant[28][19]
Hauraki Charles Robert Petrie John Manchester Allen 1,188 Robert Coulter
Hawkes Bay Ted Cullen 2,658 George Maddison[29][30]
Hurunui George Forbes 535 Harold Denton
Hutt Walter Nash 6,814 John Andrews[31]
Invercargill William Denham 2,156 Fred Hall-Jones[26]
Kaiapoi Morgan Williams 1,535 George Warren
Kaipara Gordon Coates 1,689 Percy MacGregor Stewart[19]
Lyttelton Terry McCombs 2,984 Isaac Wilson[32]
Manawatu Lorrie Hunter John Cobbe 1,644 Lorrie Hunter
Marlborough New electorate Ted Meachen 1,525 Edward Healy
Marsden Jim Barclay 557 Alfred Murdoch
Masterton John Robertson 190 J H Irving
Mataura David McDougall Tom Macdonald 1,515 David McDougall
Mid-Canterbury Horace Herring Arthur Grigg 74 Horace Herring
Motueka Keith Holyoake Jerry Skinner 870 Keith Holyoake
Napier Bill Barnard 3,937 John Ormond[33]
Nelson Harry Atmore 886 J R Kerr
New Plymouth Sydney George Smith Fred Frost 869 Sydney George Smith
Oamaru Arnold Nordmeyer 758 Michael Francis Edward Cooney[34]
Onehunga New electorate Arthur Osborne 4,314 John Park[35][36]
Otahuhu New electorate Charles Robert Petrie 2,267 Kenneth Tennent[37]
Otaki Leonard Lowry 1,367 George Alexander Monk[38]
Pahiatua Alfred Ransom 931 George Anders Hansen[39]
Palmerston North Joe Hodgens 2,118 Jimmy Nash[40]
Patea Harold Dickie 809 Charles Joseph Duggan[41][42]
Raglan Lee Martin 604 Andrew Sutherland[43]
Rangitikei Ormond Wilson Edward Gordon 311 Ormond Wilson
Remuera New electorate Bill Endean 2,861 Mary Dreaver[44]
Riccarton Bert Kyle 87 Thomas Herbert Langford[45]
Roskill Arthur Shapton Richards 2,141 Arthur Sagar Bailey[17]
Rotorua Alexander Moncur 1,648 H W Nixon[46]
Stratford William Polson 1,101 J W McMillan
Tauranga Charles Burnett Frederick Doidge 1,138 Charles Burnett
Temuka Thomas Burnett 1,249 James Arnold Kearton
Thames Jim Thorn 2,295 William Alexander Clark
Timaru Clyde Carr 2,196 W H Hall
Waikato Robert Coulter Stan Goosman 2,928 J W Neate
Waimarino Frank Langstone 2,940 Cecil Boles
Waipawa Max Christie Albert Jull 446 Max Christie
Wairarapa Ben Roberts 777 James Frederick Thompson[47]
Waitaki David Barnes David Campbell Kidd 14 David Barnes
Waitemata Jack Lyon 2,261 John Ernest Close[17]
Waitomo Walter Broadfoot 329 Jack Jones[48]
Wallace Adam Hamilton 844 John James Lynch
Wanganui Joe Cotterill 3,920 Bill Veitch
Wellington Central Peter Fraser 3,837 Will Appleton[49]
Wellington East Bob Semple 4,736 William Long Barker[50]
Wellington North Charles Henry Chapman 3,278 Elizabeth Gilmer[51]
Wellington South Robert McKeen 6,415 David Howlett[52]
Wellington Suburbs Robert Wright Harry Combs 3,163 Ossie Mazengarb
Wellington West New electorate Catherine Stewart 956 Robert Wright
Westland James O'Brien 3,729 Ted Taylor
Māori electorates
Eastern Maori Āpirana Ngata 1,064 Reweti Tuhorouta Kohere
Northern Maori Taurekareka Henare Paraire Karaka Paikea 2,011 Taurekareka Henare
Southern Maori Eruera Tirikatene 485 Thomas Kaiporohu Bragg
Western Maori Toko Ratana 4,267 Pei Te Hurinui Jones

Changes

There were a number of changes during the term of the 26th Parliament.

Electorate and by-electionDateIncumbentCauseWinner
Christchurch South 1939 3 June Ted Howard Death Robert Macfarlane
Auckland West 1940 18 May Michael Joseph Savage Death Peter Carr
Waipawa 1940 16 November Albert Jull Death Cyril Harker
Waitemata 1941 19 July Jack Lyon Death Mary Dreaver
Bay of Plenty 1941 13 December Gordon Hultquist Death Bill Sullivan
Mid-Canterbury 1942 27 January Arthur Grigg Death Mary Grigg
Hauraki 1942 7 February John Allen Death Andrew Sutherland
Temuka 1942 7 February Thomas Burnett Death Jack Acland
Christchurch East 1943 6 February Tim Armstrong Death Mabel Howard
Northern Maori 1943 19 June Paraire Karaka Paikea Death (by-election postponed by legislation)[53]
NameYearSeatFromTo
John A. Lee 1940 Grey Lynn Labour Democratic Labour
Bill Barnard Napier
Gordon Coates 1942 Kaipara National Independent
Bert Kyle Riccarton

Notes
  1. "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  2. Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
  3. Scholefield 1950, p. 70.
  4. "Prolongation of Parliament Act, 1941". New Zealand Law online.
  5. "Prolongation of Parliament Act, 1942". New Zealand Law online.
  6. Scholefield 1950, p. 48.
  7. Gustafson, Barry. "Savage, Michael Joseph - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
  8. Scholefield 1950, p. 50.
  9. Beaglehole, Tim. "Fraser, Peter". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
  10. Scholefield 1950, pp. 50–51.
  11. Scholefield 1950, p. 52.
  12. "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
  13. "Candidates for tomorrow's election". Evening Post. CXXVI (91). 14 October 1938. p. 18. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  14. "Notice of Nominations Received and Polling Places Appointed". Auckland Star. LXVI (268). 12 November 1935. p. 9. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
  15. "Parliamentary Election". Auckland Star. LXIX (254). 27 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  16. Gustafson 1986, pp. 26, 28.
  17. "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LXXV (23180). 28 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  18. Gustafson 1986, p. 370.
  19. "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. LXXV (23181). 29 October 1938. p. 25. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  20. "Declaration of Result of Poll for the Electoral District of Central Otago". Alexandra Herald and Central Otago Gazette. 13 October 1943. p. 4. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
  21. "The By-Election". Evening Post. CXXVII (128). 2 June 1939. p. 8. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  22. Ammentorp, Steen. "Falconer". generals.dk. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  23. "Cenotaph Record". Auckland War Memorial Museum. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  24. "Brigadier A. S. Falconer". New Zealand Electronic Text Centre. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
  25. Gustafson 1986, p. 362.
  26. "The Mantle of Seddon". Evening Post. CXXVI (90). 13 October 1938. p. 24. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  27. "Election Review". Evening Post. CXXVI (83). 5 October 1938. p. 15. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
  28. Gustafson 1986, p. 366.
  29. Webb, Brendan (20 September 2010). "No Sign of Mayors". BayBuzz. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
  30. "Hawke's Bay Seats". Evening Post. CXXVI (90). 13 October 1938. p. 11. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  31. "Public Notices". The Evening Post. CXXVI (82). 4 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  32. "The Lyttelton seat: National Party candidate". The Press. LXXIV (22464). 27 July 1938. p. 12. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
  33. Bremer, Robert James. "Ormond, John Davies Wilder". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 9 January 2010.
  34. "Otago Contests". Evening Post. CXXVI (73). 23 September 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  35. "The Onehunga Seat". Evening Post. CXXVI (59). 7 September 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  36. "Discover Onehunga's Rich History". Onehunga Business Association. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  37. "Parliamentary Elections". Auckland Star. LXIX (233). 3 October 1938. p. 11. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  38. "Public Notices". Evening Post. CXXVI (82). 4 October 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  39. "Labour Candidates". Evening Post. CXXV (82). 7 April 1938. p. 17. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  40. "J. A. Nash". Evening Post. CXXVI (89). 12 October 1938. p. 18. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  41. "The Labour Party". Auckland Star. LXIX (192). 16 August 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  42. "Labour Candidates". Evening Post. CX (61). 9 September 1925. p. 6. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  43. Gustafson 1986, p. 345.
  44. Laracy, Hugh. "Dreaver, Mary Manson". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
  45. "Tammany Hall". Evening Post. CXL (52). 30 August 1945. p. 9. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  46. "General Election". Auckland Star. LXIX (116). 19 May 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  47. "Wairarapa Electorate". Upper Hutt Weekly Review. III (43). 14 October 1938. p. 3. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
  48. "Mrs. R. Bleasel". Auckland Star. LXIX (277). 23 November 1938. p. 4. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
  49. Buchan, Allison. "Appleton, William". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
  50. "Public Notices". Evening Post. CXXVI (98). 22 October 1938. p. 5. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  51. Labrum, Bronwyn. "Gilmer, Elizabeth May". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  52. "General Election". Evening Post. CXXVI (45). 22 August 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  53. "By-election Postponement Act 1943". Retrieved 8 March 2012.

References
  • Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.
  • Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
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