Bloom Site

The Bloom Site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 39HS1, is an archaeological site in Hanson County, South Dakota. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.[3]

Bloom Site
Man standing at the site
LocationAddress restricted[1]
Nearest cityBloom, South Dakota
NRHP reference No.66000714[2]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966
Designated NHLJuly 19, 1964[3]

The site is located in the watershed of the James River. It contains the remains of a prehistoric fortified site, which was last inhabited about 1000 CE. Archaeologists have assigned it to the Lower James Phase or Initial Middle Missouri Phase of the Middle Missouri Tradition.[4] The site is one of four sites that form part of this phase that exhibit fairly intensive usage patterns, and differ in their ceramics from surrounding sites.[5] The region was largely abandoned about 1300, in part due to the relatively poor quality of the land, which contributed to a sparse settlement pattern at the time.[4] Finds at the site include the remains of blue-winged teal.[6]

At the time of the landmark designation in 1964, it was stated:

A well-preserved example of a prehistoric fortified Over Focus Indian site (c. 1000), the ancestors of the Mandan Indians may have lived here. About 25 depressions mark the locations of rectangular houses. Prior to their destruction by cultivation, some 50 burial mounds, ranging up to 200 feet in diameter and from 3 to 10 feet high, also marked the site.[3]

See also

References
  1. Federal and state laws and practices restrict general public access to information regarding the specific location of this resource. In some cases, this is to protect archeological sites from vandalism, while in other cases it is restricted at the request of the owner. See: Knoerl, John; Miller, Diane; Shrimpton, Rebecca H. (1990), Guidelines for Restricting Information about Historic and Prehistoric Resources, National Register Bulletin, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, OCLC 20706997.
  2. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  3. "Bloom Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2009-06-14. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
  4. "A Chronology of Middle Missouri Plains Village Sites" (PDF). Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2017-12-23.
  5. Haberman, Thomas (1993). "THE RANDALL PHASE COMPONENT AT THE DIRT LODGE VILLAGE SITE, SPINK COUNTY, SOUTH DAKOTA: LATE WOODLAND/EARLY PLAINS VILLAGE TRANSITIONS ON THE NORTHEASTERN PLAINS". Plains Anthropologist (Volume 38, No. 145): 75–116. JSTOR 25669183.
  6. Parris, David; Higgins, Kenneth (2010). "WATERFOWL IN THE PREHISTORY OF SOUTH DAKOTA" (PDF). Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science. Retrieved 2017-12-24.


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