Detroit Grand Prix (IndyCar)

The Renaissance Center in downtown Detroit.

For 1989, the race in Detroit was replaced by a CART event.[9] Instead of moving to Belle Isle, CART utilized a slightly modified version of the downtown Renaissance Center street circuit. The chicane on the main straight was eliminated - something the F1 drivers had been calling for since the first race in 1982. The CART race was held on this 2.52-mile (4.06 km) layout for three years. As had been the case in the event's Formula One days, competitors and fans continued to pan the course, criticizing it for its bumpiness, poor visibility and overall poor layout.

The 1991 event was perhaps the last straw in what was an embarrassment for the organizers. In addition to a disintegrating track made worse by suffocating heat and humidity, it saw Mario Andretti crash his Lola head-on into a tow truck that was attempting to remove Dennis Vitolo's stalled car from a blind corner at St. Antoine and East Jefferson Streets. Seconds later Michael Andretti crashed into Vitolo's car attempting to avoid his father's wrecked car. In addition, promoters considered the downtown circuit a money-loser, and claimed it was suffering from poor television ratings with its Father's Day date (up against the U. S. Open).[10][11]

Beginning in 1992, the race was moved to a new temporary course set up on Belle Isle. The move revived a conceptual plan for the Formula One event from four years earlier. One major difference that made Belle Isle viable for CART - and acceptable to locals - was that permanent Formula One style garages and pits were not required by the sanctioning body. The race was also moved up a week, and for 1992, was the first race after the Indianapolis 500 (displacing the traditional Milwaukee). The first layout measured 2.1 miles (3.4 km). Almost immediately, the new course was criticized by drivers for being narrow, slow, and lacking passing zones. It was complemented, however, for its smoothness - a sharp contrast to the rough, manhole-dotted downtown circuit.[12][13] Fans' opinions were mixed, as sightlines were improved over the downtown circuit, but access to the island was difficult, and the racing was not much better.

In 1998, the course layout was modified to eliminate the slow "Picnic Way" segment and series of corners. Instead, the course continued straight along Central Avenue to create a long, fairly-wide straightaway leading into a competitive passing zone. The track then measured 2.346 miles (3.776 km). The revised layout was praised by competitors as being an improvement over the original (1992-1997) course. However, pavement transitions from asphalt to concrete were being blamed for an increase in incidents due to slickness.[14]

The 2000 event saw young Brazilian Hélio Castroneves score his first Champ Car victory for Marlboro Team Penske. After his victory lap, he stopped on the frontstretch and climbed the catch fencing in an apparent effort to share his joy with the spectators. Helio became known as "Spider-Man" because of this celebration, which has been repeated in his later victories.

Support races for the Detroit Grand Prix included the Motor City 100 for the SCCA Trans-Am Series, and the Neon Challenge celebrity race. Scenes from the film Driven were filmed during the race weekend in 2000.[15]

The event, along with the Michigan 500, provided two CART races in southern Michigan annually.

Even though the track was a temporary street course, it became known as The Raceway on Belle Isle. As the years went by, the track was increasingly criticized for its narrowness, poor access, and its overall uncompetitive nature. The once smooth surface was aging in the harsh Detroit winters, and along with it came bumps, cracks and potholes. The circuit gained a reputation of being the "worst" and "least popular" venue on the entire schedule.[16] In 1997, it was noted that race winner Greg Moore started seventh and did not pass a single car competitively out on the track for position all day.[17][18] Participants also disliked the facility because of its lack of paved areas for support activities. Paddock areas were often muddy and unable to accommodate the teams.

After the 2001 race, CART's contract with Belle Isle expired. Attendance had been noticeably slipping.[19] Negotiations to continue the event went over the summer,[20] but eventually stalled. Organizers briefly entertained an idea to return to the old downtown circuit,[21] but those plans were quickly scuttled.[22] The series chose to drop the race from the schedule and the event went on hiatus.

In 2006, Roger Penske spearheaded talks to revive the race for 2007 as part of the ALMS and IndyCar Series schedules. Penske had recently experienced tremendous success as head of the Super Bowl XL Detroit Metro Host Committee. On September 29, 2006, it was announced that the Detroit Indy Grand Prix would return as the tenth race of the ALMS's 12-race season and penultimate race of the IndyCar Series' seventeen-race schedule.

To improve access to the track, a park-and-ride system, similar to what was used at Super Bowl XL, was implemented. Further paddock and track work was completed before the race. The 2007 event attracted a strong crowd, and was considered a success. It was held again in 2008. During this period, the event utilized the original (1992-1997) course layout, with some minor improvements. Some of the barriers were moved back, particularly inside the apexes of some of the turns, to effectively widen some curves and improve sight lines. Some barriers, including the metal guardrail on the pit straight, had been entirely removed.

On December 18, 2008, the scheduled race for 2009 was canceled. The ongoing automotive economic crisis, and its impact on the Detroit-area was the primary reason. Roger Penske did not rule out a return in the future.[23][24]

For the 2012 season, the race on Belle Isle was revived for second time.[25][26] Starting in 2013, the race was hosted as a unique "doubleheader" weekend. The race weekend would consist of two separate, points-paying races, one each on Saturday and Sunday. The races were treated as separate events, with separate qualifying, full championship points, and the results of the first had no bearing on the lineup for the second (as had been the case with some previous "twin" race formats). Beginning in 2013, the race also returned to the more popular and more competitive "long" course (1998–2001 layout).[27]

On April 6, 2020, IndyCar announced the cancellation of the 2020 edition due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of race cancellations and postponements due to the pandemic, Detroit was scheduled to be the opening event. Organizers stated that Michigan's stay-at-home order (which has since been extended through April 30)[28] would hinder the necessary preparations to hold the race, and that the race cannot be reasonably re-scheduled due to other events having been booked on Belle Isle already. The race plans to return for 2021.[29]

Season	Date	Driver	Team	Chassis	Engine	Race Distance		Race Time	Average Speed	Report
						Laps	Miles (km)
CART / Champ Car Series history
1992	June 7	Bobby Rahal	Rahal/Hogan Racing	Lola T9200 (2)	Chevrolet (4)	77	161.7 (260.23)	1:58:20	81.989 mph (131.949 km/h)	Report
1993	June 13	Danny Sullivan	Galles Racing	Lola T9300 (3)	Chevrolet (5)	77	161.7 (260.23)	1:56:43	83.116 mph (133.762 km/h)	Report
1994	June 12	Paul Tracy	Penske Racing	Penske PC-23 (3)	Ilmor (1)	77	161.7 (260.23)	1:52:29	86.245 mph (138.798 km/h)	Report
1995	June 11	Robby Gordon	Walker Racing	Reynard 95I (1)	Ford (1)	77	161.7 (260.23)	1:56:11	83.499 mph (134.379 km/h)	Report
1996	June 9	Michael Andretti	Newman/Haas Racing	Lola T9600 (4)	Ford (2)	72*	151.2 (243.332)	2:00:44	75.136 mph (120.920 km/h)	Report
1997	June 8	Greg Moore	Forsythe Racing	Reynard 97I (2)	Mercedes (1)	77	161.7 (260.23)	1:52:45	86.047 mph (138.479 km/h)	Report
1998	June 7	Alex Zanardi	Chip Ganassi Racing	Reynard 98I (3)	Honda (1)	72	168.912 (271.837)	1:41:17	100.052 mph (161.018 km/h)	Report
1999	August 8	Dario Franchitti	Team Green	Reynard 99I (4)	Honda (2)	71	166.566 (268.061)	2:02:24	81.643 mph (131.392 km/h)	Report
2000	June 18	Hélio Castroneves	Penske Racing	Reynard (5)	Honda (3)	84	197.064 (317.143)	2:01:23	97.401 mph (156.752 km/h)	Report
2001	June 17	Hélio Castroneves	Penske Racing	Reynard (6)	Honda (4)	72	168.912 (271.837)	1:53:51	89.008 mph (143.244 km/h)	Report
2002 – 2006	Not held
Indy Racing League / IndyCar Series history
2007	September 2	Tony Kanaan	Andretti Green Racing	Dallara (1)	Honda (5)	89*	186.544 (300.213)	2:11:51	83.841 mph (134.929 km/h)	Report
2008	August 31	Justin Wilson	Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing	Dallara (2)	Honda (6)	87*	182.352 (293.467)	2:00:11	89.911 mph (144.698 km/h)	Report
2009 – 2011	Not held
2012	June 3	Scott Dixon	Chip Ganassi Racing	Dallara (3)	Honda (7)	60*	124.2 (199.88)	1:27:40	85.012 mph (136.814 km/h)	Report
2013	June 1	Mike Conway	Dale Coyne Racing	Dallara (4)	Honda (8)	70	164.22 (264.286)	1:48:45	90.753 mph (146.053 km/h)	Report
	June 2	Simon Pagenaud	Schmidt Peterson Hamilton HP Motorsports	Dallara (5)	Honda (9)	70	164.22 (264.286)	1:56:15	84.906 mph (136.643 km/h)
2014	May 31	Will Power	Team Penske	Dallara (6)	Chevrolet (6)	70	164.22 (264.286)	1:49:30	90.138 mph (145.063 km/h)	Report
	June 1	Hélio Castroneves	Team Penske	Dallara (7)	Chevrolet (7)	70	164.22 (264.286)	1:45:53	93.211 mph (150.009 km/h)
2015	May 30	Carlos Muñoz	Andretti Autosport	Dallara (8)	Honda (10)	47*	110.45 (177.752)	1:27:46	75.51 mph (121.52 km/h)	Report
	May 31	Sébastien Bourdais	KV Racing Technology	Dallara (9)	Chevrolet (8)	68*	159.8 (257.173)	2:00:38	79.476 mph (127.904 km/h)
2016	June 4	Sébastien Bourdais	KVSH Racing	Dallara (10)	Chevrolet (9)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:40:52	97.857 mph (157.486 km/h)	Report
	June 5	Will Power	Team Penske	Dallara (11)	Chevrolet (10)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:42:22	96.414 mph (155.163 km/h)
2017	June 3	Graham Rahal	Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing	Dallara (12)	Honda (11)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:35:49	103.015 mph (165.787 km/h)	Report
	June 4	Graham Rahal	Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing	Dallara (13)	Honda (12)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:33:36	105.442 mph (169.692 km/h)
2018	June 2	Scott Dixon	Chip Ganassi Racing	Dallara (14)	Honda (13)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:39:24	99.285 mph (159.784 km/h)	Report
	June 3	Ryan Hunter-Reay	Andretti Autosport	Dallara (15)	Honda (14)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:33:51	105.176 mph (169.264 km/h)
2019	June 1	Josef Newgarden	Team Penske	Dallara (16)	Chevrolet (11)	43	101.05 (162.624)	1:15:30.59	80.294 mph (129.221 km/h)	Report
	June 2	Scott Dixon	Chip Ganassi Racing	Dallara (17)	Honda (15)	70	164.5 (264.737)	1:33:50.58	87.877 mph (141.424 km/h)
2020	Canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic[30]

• 1996, 2007, 2008, & 2015 (R2): Race shortened due to two hour time limit.
• 2012: Race shortened due to 2 hour delay for track repair with darkness approaching and concerns over whether the patched track would survive the remaining distance.
• 2015 (R1): Race shortened as a result of lightning.

^A Winner Wally Dallenbach Jr. was disqualified due to car being underweight.

^B Race suspended after three laps following Matt Mingay's wreck on lap three that resulted in injury.[41]

Downtown Renaissance Center Street Circuit (1989-1991).

• 1989: Emerson Fittipaldi touched wheels with Mario Andretti on lap 2, puncturing a tire and sending him to the back of the field. But Fittipaldi charged from 27th position to second place in the closing laps. Polesitter Michael Andretti led 52 of the first 54 laps, but a radio wire became tangled in the throttle pedal. On lap 55, the throttle pedal stuck sending Andretti into a barrier. Scott Pruett was now leading the race by 17 seconds, but was forced to back off to conserve fuel. Fittipaldi blew by Pruett with four laps to go to take the victory.[46][47]
• 1990: Michael Andretti started from the pole position and led wire-to-wire, winning the race in dominating fashion. Danny Sullivan was running close behind in second place on lap 46 when during his final pit stop, an impact wrench failed. The wheel was not properly fastened, and on the out-lap, the drive pegs on the wheel broke, putting him out of the race. Bobby Rahal nursing brakes, finished second, over one minute and 48 seconds behind Andretti. Rahal held off Emerson Fittipaldi who finished close behind in third.[48]
• 1991: Emerson Fittipaldi, expecting the birth of his fifth child, was leading Bobby Rahal in the closing laps when gearbox problems arose. With seven laps to go, Fittipaldi's car kept jumping out of gear. He was mostly forced to hold the gearshift with one hand, and steer with only hand, on the rough, bumpy, demanding circuit. Rahal charged hard, but Fittipaldi held him off for the victory by 0.29 seconds. The race is best-remembered for a bizarre incident involving Mario and Michael Andretti. On lap 48, Dennis Vitolo stalled in turn four with a seized transmission. Safety crew tended to Vitolo's car, hooking up a tow rope. Mario Andretti came around what was a blind corner, locked up his brakes, and rammed hard into the back of the safety truck. The nose of the car was wedged underneath the truck's bumper, and the track was nearly blocked. A couple cars (including Fittipaldi) skirted by the scene, but seconds later, Michael Andretti slid and crashed into the back of Vitolo's car. The track was now completely blocked, and the red flag was put out to clean up the scene.[49][50] This would be the final race held at the Renaissance Center circuit.

Belle Isle "original" course (1992-1997, 2007-2012).

• 1992: For 1992, the race was moved to a new circuit on Belle Isle.[10][11] Michael Andretti led the early laps, with Paul Tracy (subbing for Rick Mears) and Bobby Rahal close behind. Tracy made a daring pass on lap 38 for the lead going into turn one, nearly touching wheels with Andretti. On lap 58, Tracy was leading Andretti, with Bobby Rahal in third. All three cars were nose-to-tail. Andretti attempted to pass Tracy for the lead, but this time, the two cars touched. Both Tracy and Andretti slid high and scraped the concrete wall, allowing Bobby Rahal to slip by both to take the lead. Tracy later dropped out with gearbox failure, but Andretti stayed with Rahal, despite nursing an ill-handing machine. One the second-to-last lap, Andretti spun out and dropped to fourth while Rahal cruised to victory.[51][52][53]
• 1993: A controversial race filled with penalties from start to finish. At the green flag, Emerson Fittipaldi jumped the start from the outside of the front row, beating pole-sitter Nigel Mansell to the line by almost two car lengths. Instead of waving off the start, official assessed Fittipaldi a stop-and-go penalty. Later in the race Paul Tracy was penalized for breaking the 80 mph pit road speed limit (clocked at 93 mph), and Nigel Mansell was accused of blatant blocking.[54] Danny Sullivan took the lead on lap 48. In the closing laps, Galles Racing teammates Sullivan and Al Unser Jr. were running 1st-2nd. On lap 69, Unser challenged Sullivan for the lead, but was forced down to the inside, and knocked down three cones. Officials charged Unser with going off-course, and assessed him a stop-and-go penalty. On a restart with four laps to go, rookie Robby Gordon driving for Foyt, tried to pass Sullivan for the lead, but was squeezed down and had to back off.[55][56] Moments later, Gordon spun out with a cut tire. Danny Sullivan went on to win the race, his final win in Indy car competition.[57][58]
• 1994: Penske teammates Al Unser Jr., Paul Tracy, and Emerson Fittipaldi were running 1st-2nd-3rd on a restart on lap 55. Tracy was on the back bumper of Unser, as Unser was dicing through backmarker traffic. Going into turn 8, Tracy ran into the back of Unser's car, sending him sliding head-on into a tire barrier. Tracy went on to win the race, with Fittipaldi second. Unser rejoined the field and finished 10th.[59][60]
• 1995: Robby Gordon started from the pole position and led 43 of the 77 laps en route to victory. Gordon led the first eight laps, but slipped down in the standings after suffering tire wear. Gordon switched to the optional harder tire compound, and charged back to the front. He took the lead with 35 laps to go, and held off Jimmy Vasser for the win.[61]
• 1996: Heavy rain fell in the morning, and continued to fall during the first 25 laps. Christian Fittipaldi led 64 of the first 65 laps, but a late caution came out when Bobby Rahal slid into a tire barrier. On a restart on lap 66, Michael Andretti battled Fittipaldi for the lead coming out of turn four. Fittipaldi locked up the brakes, and slid high in turn five, which allowed Andretti to drive by and take the lead. The race was shortened from 77 to 72 laps due to a two-hour time limit. Andretti became the first and only driver to win at both the downtown Renaissance Center circuit and the Belle Isle circuit.[62][63]
• 1997: At the white flag, Maurício Gugelmin led Mark Blundell and Greg Moore, with all three cars running nose-to-tail. Gugelmin and Blundell were running very low on fuel, attempting to stretch their tanks to the finish. Gugelmin ran out of fuel on the Strand Drive backstretch, and seconds later Blundell ran out of fuel as he approached the final turn. Greg Moore assumed the lead and scored the victory.[64][65]

Belle Isle "long" course (1998-2001, 2013-2018)

• 1998: A slightly reconfigured layout was introduced for 1998. Several tight and slow corners were replaced with a longer straightaway, and potentially better passing zones. Alex Zanardi battled Greg Moore during the early stages of the race. Moore pitted first on lap 24, while Zanardi stayed out two additional laps. Zanardi's light fuel load, and lightning-fast in-lap, put him back out on the track ahead of Moore. Zanardi led the final 50 laps to victory, and celebrated by performing donuts on his victory lap.[66][67]
• 1999: The race was moved to August to avoid a conflict with the NASCAR Michigan 400.[68] In a race that was described as "ugly," several crashes were capped off by a bizarre finish under yellow. On the first lap, Max Papis touched wheels with Patrick Carpentier, and crashed into a tire barrier. On lap 25, Maurício Gugelmin tangled with Cristiano da Matta, and flip upside-down, landing on top of Carpentier's car. Twenty laps later, de Matta suffered a hard crash in turn two, collecting Al Unser Jr.. Under caution late in the race, a fuel leak from the pace car caused a confusing delay, requiring officials to bring out a back-up pace car. With some drivers anticipating a restart, Hélio Castroneves ran into the back of Juan Pablo Montoya. The race hit the two-hour time limit, and finished under yellow with Team Kool Green drivers Dario Franchitti first, and Paul Tracy second.[69][70]
• 2000: Polesitter Juan Pablo Montoya led 59 of the first 60 laps, but dropped out with a broken driveshaft. Hélio Castroneves took the lead on lap 62, and led the final 24 laps en route to his first career CART series victory. On his victory lap, Castroneves stopped his car on the frontstretch, jumped from cockpit, and climbed up the catchfence to celebrate his victory.[71]
• 2001: Hélio Castroneves started from the pole position and led wire-to-wire to win the Detroit Grand Prix in back-to-back years. Castroneves survived a minor scare when telemetry indicated a pressure leak in his left front tire. After the victory, Castroneves once again jumped from his car and climbed the catchfence in his signature "Spiderman" celebration.[72][73] This would be the final CART series race at Detroit.

• 2007: After a six-year absence, open wheel racing returned to Detroit. The Indy cars utilized the original "short" course layout, previously raced on from 1992-1997. After the final series of pit stops, a four-car battle at the front ensued. Tony Kanaan was leading, and second place Buddy Rice ran out of fuel. Third place Scott Dixon took evasive action to get by Rice, which crashed out both cars. The pileup collected Dario Franchitti as well. Danica Patrick slipped by the crash and took a career-best second place, while Kanaan went on to win.
• 2008: Originally scheduled for 90 laps, the race was shortened to 87 laps due to two-hour limit. Late in the race, Justin Wilson was challenging Hélio Castroneves for the lead. Officials ruled that Castroneves intentionally blocked, resulting in a penalty which allowed Wilson to take the lead. Despite a late push by Castroneves, Wilson won the race, his first-career Indy car victory.[74][75] Wilson's win was the 107th and final Championship Car victory for Newman/Haas Racing, and occurred just weeks before the death of co-owner Paul Newman.[76][77][75]
• 2012: After a three-year hiatus, the Detroit Grand Prix returned to the IndyCar calendar. For 2012, the race was moved to the weekend immediately following the Indianapolis 500. The race was shortened from 90 laps to 60 laps due to a disintegrating track. James Hinchcliffe's car dislodged a chunk of the pavement, and crashed into a tire barrier. Officials discovered other parts of the track that were damaged, and a red flag was put out to make repairs. Rain also began to fall. Scott Dixon won the race from the pole position.
• 2013 (Race 1): For 2013, the "long" course layout was revived, and the race was now part of a doubleheader weekend. During the first race on Saturday, Mike Conway started second and led 47 laps en route to victory. Conway passed Ryan Hunter-Reay for the lead on lap 44. He then built a 20-second lead before the final round of pit stops. Conway's margin of victory was 12.9707 seconds over Hunter-Reay. Dario Franchitti, who won the pole position, was issued a grid penalty for an unapproved engine change, and started 11th. He improved to sixth place at the finish, while Scott Dixon who had to pit for wing damage suffered due to contact on lap 1, charged from 24th place to 4th.
• 2013 (Race 2): On Sunday, Mike Conway started on the pole position, attempting to sweep the weekend. However, multiple cautions and different race strategies jumbled the field, and he wound up third. On lap 24, the field was coming off a restart when Tristan Vautier touched wheels with Takuma Sato, sending Sato into the tire barrier in turn 3. On lap 28, the ensuing restart saw Conway leading Scott Dixon into turn one. Seconds later, Sebastien Bourdais tagged the back of Will Power, triggering a ten-car pileup. In the second half, the race came down to Conway, Simon Pagenaud, and James Jakes. On the final sequence of pit stops, Pagenaud emerged as the leader, with Jakes second, and Conway closing in third. Pagenaud drove to victory, by 5.6274 seconds. Jakes held off Conway for second place by 0.4342 seconds.
• 2014 (Race 1): On Saturday, Will Power held off Graham Rahal during the final ten laps and scored the first Indy car win at Detroit for Chevrolet & GM since 1993. Just across the river from GM's headquarters at the Renaissance Center, Helio Castroneves started on the pole and led 30 laps. Power took the lead from Ryan Briscoe on a restart on lap 60. Rahal ran in second, less than a second behind Power. Rahal was able to keep up with Power over the final ten laps, but was unable to muster a pass for the lead. Tony Kanaan finished third, his 66th-career podium finish.
• 2014 (Race 2): On Sunday, Helio Castroneves drove to victory, completing a Penske and Chevrolet sweep of the weekend. Castroneves was leading Will Power by over 9 seconds with twenty laps to go, but a late-race caution bunched up the field. With six laps to go, Castroneves led, but another caution came out setting up one last restart. With three laps to go, Castroneves got the jump and won by 1.6836 seconds over Will Power. After the victory, Castroneves climbed the catchfence, repeating his signature celebration from the 2001 race.
• 2015: (Race 1): On Saturday, heavy rain and lightning in the area caused the race to be shortened from 70 to 47 laps. Carlos Munoz won, his first IndyCar victory.
• 2015: (Race 2): On Sunday, rain had washed out qualifying for the second race, and the field lined up by points. Several yellows slowed the race in the second half. Sébastien Bourdais was the winner.
• 2017 (Race 1): On Saturday, Graham Rahal led 55 of 70 laps to win, nearly 25 years to the day that his father Bobby won the race. Rahal held off second place Scott Dixon, who was driving despite an injured ankle from a major crash the week earlier at the Indianapolis 500.
• 2017 (Race 2): Graham Rahal swept the weekend, winning Sunday's second race, leading 41 of 70 laps. With five laps to go, the first caution of the day came out when James Hinchcliffe stalled on the course, and Spencer Pigot's car was smoking. Officials red flagged the race on lap 67 in order to allow for a green flag finish, and cleaned up the incidents. Rahal held off Josef Newgarden in a two-lap dash to finish.