International Motor Show Germany

The International Motor Show Germany or simply International Motor Show, in German known as the Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung (IAA – International Automobile Exhibition), is the world's largest motor show. It is held annually, with passenger vehicles (including some motorcycles) being displayed in odd-numbered years in Frankfurt am Main, and commercial vehicles in even-numbered years in Hanover, Germany. Before 1991, the show was held solely in Frankfurt. For 2021 and beyond, the show will be held in Munich.

International Motor Show Germany
Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung
The Frankfurt Trade Fair during the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show with the Messeturm in the background
StatusActive
GenreAuto show
FrequencyAnnual (Passenger vehicles in odd years, commercial vehicles in even years)
VenueMesse Frankfurt (Passenger vehicles)
Hanover Fairground (Commercial vehicles)
Country Germany
Years active1897–present
Previous event14 September 2017 – 24 September 2017 (Passenger vehicles)
AttendanceSee here.
Organised byVerband der Automobilindustrie
Websitewww.iaa.de/en/

The IAA is organized by the Verband der Automobilindustrie (VDA – Association of the German Automotive Industry) and is scheduled by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles. Formerly, the show in Frankfurt occupied twelve buildings.

History

In 1897 the first IAA was held at the Hotel Bristol in Berlin, with a total of eight motor vehicles on display.[1] As the automobile became more known and accepted, the IAA became a fixed event in Germany, with at least one held every year, usually in Berlin. From 1905–1907, there were two per year, as the production had increased to an industrial level. In the next years the show was suspended due to the ongoing World War I, and was then reinstated in 1921 with 67 automobile manufacturers displaying 90 vehicles under the motto "comfort".

Despite the still perceptible after-effects of the global recession, the 22nd IAA was held in Berlin in 1931, with a total of 295,000 visitors. For the first time the exhibition included front-wheel drive vehicles. In 1939, the 29th installation of the event gathered a total of 825,000 visitors – an all-time record at that time. The new Volkswagen was presented for the first time, which later came to be known as the Beetle. This was the last IAA before it was again suspended during World War II, after which Germany and Berlin was divided, with West-Berlin being isolated within Communist East Germany. From 1947–1949, West Germany’s automobile and accessories manufacturers took part in the export trade fair in Hanover. The automobile industry’s hall acted like a magnet on the public, with a great number of visitors coming to the show. In 1951 the show was held on the Messe Frankfurt for the first time. The event, which was held in April, attracted a total of 570,000 visitors, with exhibits including the first HGV to have a turbo diesel engine. Just six months later, in September 1951, a second exhibition in Berlin was held, gathering 290,000 visitors. From then on, the German automobile industry bade farewell to its traditional exhibition site in Berlin and relocated the motor show completely to Frankfurt. The IAA was also rescheduled to only take place every other year.

In 1989 the last IAA to feature both passenger cars and commercial vehicles in one show confirmed that the exhibition site in Frankfurt was now too small for this major event. Almost 2,000 exhibitors squeezed onto an exhibition site measuring 252,000 square metres. More than 1.2 million visitors attended the event. Because of the high demand, it was no longer possible to meet exhibitors’ requirements for adequate exhibition stands. In view of this, the VDA decided to split the IAA from now on, with a focus on passenger vehicles in odd years, and a focus on commercial vehicles in even years. The first IAA focused solely on "passenger cars", held in 1991, was a huge success. A total of 1,271 exhibitors from 43 countries displayed their new products and innovations. With more than 935,000 visitors, the IAA Passenger Cars was extremely well attended. In 1992 the first IAA "commercial vehicles" took place in Hanover, Germany. It saw 1,284 exhibitors from 29 countries and gathered 287,000 people, 66 per cent being trade visitors.

In 2001 the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York cast a shadow over the IAA in Frankfurt. The exhibition went ahead all the same. As a mark of solidarity with the victims and their dependants, all show elements and loud music as well as the official opening ceremony with the Federal Chancellor were cancelled. VDA President Gottschalk explained this decision: "Because we could not permit terrorist forces to take away our freedom of action. And because, as a key international sector, we have a responsibility not to allow things to grind to a halt." In an impressive manner, the general public confirmed that this indeed was the right decision to take: More than 800,000 people visited this "quiet IAA".

During the Great Recession, in 2009, the IAA Cars proved to be a magnet for visitors. Around 850,000 people visited the IAA, which greatly exceeded the target of 750,000. This IAA, which took place under the headline "A Moving Experience", showed where the mobility of tomorrow is heading. A huge number of options were presented at the IAA, ranging from the mild hybrid and the plug-in hybrid to the all-electric car, fuel cells and hydrogen power.

In 2011 the 63rd IAA featured the all-new "Hall of Electric Mobility", a first-timer to all Motor Shows worldwide. Additional IAA-premieres included the Electric Mobility Conference as well as the CarIT Conference dealing with the issue of connected driving.

Change of Venue Location

2019 marked the final year that the IAA hosted its automotive exhibition in Frankfurt.[2] In the several previous years, more and more manufacturers opted out of the IAA or greatly downsized their presence. The marques that specialise in high performance and luxury vehicles — such as Aston Martin, Bentley, Bugatti, Ferrari, and Rolls-Royce — were often the biggest draw at the IAA show, and they were absent from the several previous exhibitions. BMW had downsized its presence from 11,000 to 3,000 square metres.[3] The rapidly decreasing number of visitors in the last several exhibitions reflected the appalling state of the IAA, along with the failure of Messe Frankfurt to contain the aggressive environmental protesters blocking the entrances.

The contract between Messe Frankfurt and VDA, the IAA organiser, expired in 2019. VDA chose not to renew the contract, citing the above reasons. Instead, VDA indicated its intention of moving its biannual automotive exhibitions to another city for 2021 onward. The final three candidate cities were Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich. Four other cities had also submitted bids but didn't make the final round: Cologne, Frankfurt, Hanover, and Stuttgart.

On 3 March 2020, VDA chose Munich.[4] Munich beat out Berlin and Hamburg based on three criteria. Munich Airport is the second Lufthansa hub and has many direct international flights (second to Frankfurt); Munich is home to BMW and several other high tech industries such as Apple, Google, and many start-up companies; the city has 130,000 employees working in automobile industry. The Greens-led city council and Bavarian state government have given their support, along with 2/3 of people who responded to the survey. The event will take place shortly before the start of Oktoberfest.[5]

Major vehicle introductions

1951

The following introductions were made at the 1951 show:

1955

The following introductions were made at the 1955 show:

1957

The following introductions were made at the 1957 show:

1959

The following introductions were made at the 1959 show:

1961

The following introductions were made at the 1961 show:

1963

The following introductions were made at the 1963 show:

1965

The following introductions were made at the 1965 show:

1967

1969

The following introductions were made at the 1969 show:

1973

The following introductions were made at the 1973 show:

1977

The following introductions were made at the 1977 show:

1979

The 1979 Show occurred in a tough year for the automobile industry, with a focus on decreased speed limits and conserving energy, with most of Western Europe on the brink of a severe recession. It also occurred at a time when car design was changing substantially, with hatchbacks and front-wheel drive becoming increasingly popularity, as well as demand increasing for smaller "supermini" cars.[6]

The following introductions were scheduled for the 1979 show:[6]

1981

The following introductions were made at the 1981 show:

1983

1983 was, in most of Western Europe, a year of recovery in the new car market, as the economy recovered from the recent recession. Many important new cars were launched at Frankfurt and elsewhere during 1983. Those launched elsewhere include the Austin Maestro, Fiat Uno, Nissan Micra, Peugeot 205 and Renault 11. The Opel Corsa (launched in Spain in September 1982) was also imported to the UK from April 1983, where it was sold as the Vauxhall Nova.

The following introductions were made at the 1983 show:

1985

The following introductions were made at the 1985 show:

  • BMW M3 (high performance version of the 3 Series two-door sports saloon)
  • Ferrari 328
  • Ferrari Mondial 3.2
  • Mercedes-Benz E Class estate
  • Zender Vision 2 concept
  • Porsche 959

1987

The following introductions were made at the 1987 show:

1988

The following introductions were made at the 1988 show:

1989

The following introductions were made at the 1989 show:

1991

The following introductions were made at the 1991 show:

1993

The following introductions were made at the 1993 show:

1995

The 1995 show ran from September 14 to September 24.

1997

The 1997 show ran from September 11 to September 21.

1999

The 1999 show opened on September 16, and had nearly 1,200 exhibitors from 44 countries.

2001

The 2001 show opened to international media on September 11, with a series of concept and production vehicle debuts kicking off in the early morning.

2003

For the first time, the passenger car-only exhibition in Frankfurt broke the barrier of one million visitors. It featured 2,000 exhibitors from 42 countries.

2005

The exhibition focused strongly on future solutions such as hybrid, hydrogen, flex-fuel and SCR technologies for reducing NOx emissions. There were around 940,000 visitors to the 2005 show.

2007
The Mercedes-Benz pavilion at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show
Volkswagen Tiguan at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show

The 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show's key theme was sustainable mobility.[24]

The following introductions were presented at the 2007 show:

Hybrids

European automakers demonstrated a new interest in hybrid and electric vehicles at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show. For example, Mercedes-Benz arrived at the show with seven hybrids, including a luxury sedan concept vehicle called the F 700, a 17-foot (5.2 m)-long car that achieves a fuel economy of 44.4 miles per gallon (mpg). The research vehicle features a homogenous charge compression ignition engine, a technology that produces the high fuel economy of a diesel engine from a clean-burning gasoline engine. Mercedes has also mated its clean-diesel engine to an electric motor, creating the Bluetec hybrid. The company plans to introduce a gasoline-fueled hybrid SUV and sedan in 2009, followed by two Bluetec hybrids in 2010, one of which will achieve 51 miles per gallon of diesel fuel. In addition, the Mercedes Car Group exhibited its smart car in three new incarnations: an electric-only vehicle and both diesel and gasoline versions with "micro hybrid drive", a belt-driven starter and alternator that allows the engine to shut off at stops. See the DaimlerChrysler press releases about the auto show and the F700.

Opel, a subsidiary of General Motors, unveiled the Flextreme, a plug-in hybrid that can travel 34 miles (55 km) on its lithium-ion battery before a small diesel engine starts charging the battery.[27] Opel also unveiled the Corsa Hybrid, a coupe that combines a belt-driven starter and alternator with a lithium-ion battery.[28]

Volvo Cars, a division of Ford Motor Company, exhibited a plug-in hybrid with motors in each of the wheels. The Volvo ReCharge can travel about 60 miles (97 km) on battery power alone, using a lithium-polymer battery pack that can be recharged in a standard outlet.[29][30]

The Citroën C-Cactus regular diesel-electric hybrid vehicle debuted at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show.

2009
Inside the BMW pavilion at the IAA 2009
Audi e-tron at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show

The theme of the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show can best be summed up in one word: "electrification" Virtually every manufacturer has unveiled a vehicle using the latest battery technology,[31]

The following introductions were presented at the 2009 show:

Production cars

Concept cars

2011
Mini Clubman
Renault Twingo
Fisker Surf
Volkswagen Nils
BMW i8

The 2011 show was held from 13 September to 25 September.[38] The 64th edition of the show included 1,012 exhibitors from 32 countries and was attended by more than 928,000 visitors from 105 countries, 36% of them being trade visitors, among those 80% from the automotive industry, plus more than 12'000 accredited journalists from 98 countries.[39] 183 world premieres were unveiled.

Production cars

Concept cars

2013
Inside the Porsche pavilion at the IAA 2013

The 2013 show took place from 10 September to 22 September.

Nissan introduced a "smart watch" that measures the user's heart rate, temperature and other biometrics. It is also able to keep a watch on car data like fuel efficiency and average speed. It was developed by Nissan's Nismo laboratory. They currently capture live biometric and telematics data from Nissan racing cars and their drivers.[41]

Production cars

Concept cars

2015
Audi pavilion at IAA 2015
Mercedes-Benz pavilion at IAA 2015. Onstage is the marque's offroad and SUV range of vehicles
Alfa Romeo Giulia at 2015 IAA.

The 2015 show took place from 17 September to 27 September.

Production cars

Concept cars

2017

The 2017 show took place from 14 to 24 September, with press days on the 12th and 13th.

Production cars
View to the BMW pavilion 2017
World premiere of the BMW i3s

Concept cars
Kia ProCeed concept

2019

The 2019 show took place from 12 to 22 September, with press days on the 10th and 11th.

Production cars
World premiere of the new Land Rover Defender

Concept cars
Hongqi S9

Attendance

References
  1. "IAA: Frankfurt International Car Show". Around-Germany.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  2. "After nearly 70 years, Frankfurt will no longer host the IAA motor show". Yahoo News. 30 January 2020.
  3. Sellmeyer, Des (16 September 2019). "IAA 2019: The Downfall of the Frankfurt Motor Show". GT Spirit.
  4. "München wird die Stadt der neuen IAA 2021". iaa.de. iaa. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  5. "Mega-Coup für München fix! Die IAA kommt - am Dienstag gibt es Proteste dagegen". TZ München (in German). 4 March 2020.
  6. Rombauts, Walter, ed. (15 September 1979). "Salon van Frankfurt is aanklacht tegen politieke machthebbers" [Frankfurt Show is an indictment of political leaders]. Keesings Auto Magazine (in Dutch). Antwerp, Belgium. 2 (17): 16–18.
  7. Site-Mechanics. "1983 Zender Vision 1S – Студии". www.carstyling.ru. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
  8. Chadderton, Paul (17 September 1997). "Mini makes its move". Auto Express (466): 13.
  9. Barnard, Tom (17 September 1997). "Thinking small makes it big for Audi". Auto Express (466): 8-9.
  10. Nötzli, Max, ed. (7 March 2002). Automobil Revue 2002 (in German and French). 97. Berne, Switzerland: Büchler Grafino AG. p. 454. ISBN 3-905-386-02-X.
  11. "OMEGA V8.COM – THE MULTI-MEDIA CAR OF THE FUTURE?". carenthusiast.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  12. "Peugeot's Look Into the Future – 206 SW and 307 SW Concept Cars (Frankfurt Motor Show) – AutoWeb News". autoweb.com.au. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014.
  13. "Carlos Ghosn Outlines Bold Plan for Nissan in Europe" (Press release). Nissan Motor Company. 11 September 2001. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014 – via PR Newswire.
  14. "Frogster puts the fun back into Opel". europe.autonews.com. 24 September 2001. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
  15. Archived 2015-05-18 at the Wayback Machine
  16. "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 1". CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 November 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  17. "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 3". CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  18. "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 2". Auto news and reviews. CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  19. "Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Hyundai". What Car?. 11 September 2005. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
  20. "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 4". Auto news and reviews. CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  21. "NISSAN AT THE 2005 IAA FRANKFURT MOTOR SHOW". nissan-global.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014.
  22. "CDN Frankfurt Motor Show 2005 – Page 5". CarDesignNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  23. Paul Horrell. "Car News – BBC Top Gear". Topgear.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2009.
  24. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)[backPid]=566&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=752&cHash=096c1407ef
  25. de:Zhejiang Jonway Automobile
  26. Škoda-Auto.com (16 July 2004). "New Škoda Fabia Combi". Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 18 July 2007.
  27. "Officially Official: Opel Flextreme Concept – 40g/km of CO2 and two Segways in the trunk!". Autoblog.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  28. "Frankfurt Preview: Opel Corsa Hybrid concept". Autoblog.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  29. "Frankfurt Preview: Volvo ReCharge – The Swedes go series hybrid". Autoblog.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  30. "New Ford Small Car Concept Debuts at Frankfurt Motor Show" (Press release). US: Ford. 24 August 2007. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007.
  31. Eisenstein, Paul A. (25 September 2009). "Europeans ready to plug into electric vehicles – Business – Autos – The Driver Seat – NBC News". NBC News. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  32. "Lotus Elise Club Racer – the perfect combination of performance, efficiency and style". Taume News. 4 September 2009. Archived from the original on 7 September 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  33. hondacura4 (6 September 2009). "2009 Frankfurt Auto Show: Audi e-tron | Straightline Blog on Edmunds' Inside Line". Blogs.edmunds.com. Archived from the original on 8 September 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  34. "Frankfurt 2009: Lexus LF-Ch Concept shines in Frankfurt". iCars Singapore. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
  35. "Mini Concept Coupe – 2009 Frankfurt Auto Show". Edmunds.com. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  36. "Renault to Show Four Electric Concepts at Frankfurt". autoevolution.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2009.
  37. "Frankfurt 2009: Renault's all-electric four-car attack includes Twizy, the quirkiest car of the IAA". green.autoblog.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
  38. "IAA 65th International Motor Show – Dates and Hours". IAA. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  39. "AUTOMOBIL PRODUKTION – AUTOMOBIL PRODUKTION Online". www.automobil-produktion.de. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013.
  40. "Autocar 16 August 2011". Autocar.co.uk. 16 August 2011. Retrieved 28 August 2011.
  41. Wakefield, Jane (9 September 2013). "Nissan launches driver's smartwatch". Archived from the original on 10 September 2013 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  42. "Frankfurt 2013: Abarth 595 50th Anniversary Edition". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  43. "Frankfurt 2013: Abarth 695 Tributo Maserati in Record Grey". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  44. "2014 Alfa Romeo Giulietta brings its modest facelift to Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 23 January 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  45. "Alfa Romeo MiTo facelift revealed at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  46. "Aston Martin Vanquish Volante revealed". Auto Express. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  47. "2014 Audi A8 / S8 facelift debut in Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  48. "2014 Audi A3 Cabriolet bows in Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  49. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Audi A3 Ultra". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  50. "Bentley Continental GT V8 S coupe & convertible unveiled in Frankfurt". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  51. "2014 BMW 5-Series facelift lineup showcased on video". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  52. "Frankfurt motor show 2013: BMW X5". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  53. "BMW 4 Series stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  54. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Bugatti Veyron Grand Sport Vitesse Jean Bugatti". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  55. "Caterham Seven 165 Is For Track Enthusiasts On A Budget: 2013 Frankfurt Auto Show". Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  56. "Chevrolet to Showcase Five Updated Models at Frankfurt". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  57. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Chevrolet Camaro Convertible". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  58. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Citroën Grand C4 Picasso". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  59. "2013 IAA: Citroën DS3 Cabrio Racing Concept drops its top in Frankfurt". 4WheelsNews. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  60. "See the Dacia Duster facelift LIVE at Frankfurt". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  61. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Ferrari 458 Speciale". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  62. "Frankfurt 2013: Fiat Panda 4x4 Antartica". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  63. "2014 Fiat 500C GQ Edition revealed". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  64. "Frankfurt Live – 1.0L EcoBoost powered Ford Focus emits just 99g/km of CO2". IndianAutos Blog. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  65. "Honda Civic Tourer stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  66. "Hyundai i10 stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  67. "Frankfurt 2013: Updated 2014 Jaguar XJR Unveiled". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  68. "Frankfurt Live – Jeep Wrangler Polar special edition is a winter warrior". IndianAutos Blog. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  69. "2014 Euro-spec Kia Soul and facelifted Optima confirmed for IAA". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  70. "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Lamborghini Gallardo LP 570-4 Squadra Corse". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  71. "Frankfurt Live – Lancia Voyager S and 2014 Delta in attendance". IndianAutos Blog. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  72. "Land Rover reveals rejigged Discovery at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  73. "2014 Lexus GS 300h Making European Premiere at Frankfurt". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  74. "Frankfurt 2013: Maserati Ghibli". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  75. "Mazda 3 and Mazda 3 Fastback star at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  76. "Mercedes-Benz S63 AMG LIVE at Frankfurt". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 14 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  77. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Mercedes Benz S500 Plug-in Hybrid". 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  78. "Mercedes-Benz GLA stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  79. "Updated Nissan Micra gets fresh look, more tech and 'New' name". autoblog.com. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  80. "Nissan X-Trail stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  81. "Opel Adam Black Link and White Link limited edition announced for IAA arrival". Worldcarfans. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  82. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Opel Insignia". inautonews.com. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  83. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Peugeot 308". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 13 September 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
  84. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Peugeot 3008". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  85. "Frankfurt 2013: Peugeot RCZ R". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  86. "Frankfurt 2013: Porsche 918 Spyder". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  87. "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Porsche 911 Turbo". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  88. "Frankfurt Live – Renault Koleos facelift on view". IndianAutos Blog. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  89. "Renault Latitude Facelift Gets Leaked Ahead of Frankfurt Debut". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  90. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Renault Mégane". inautonews.com. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  91. "News From the Frankfurt Motor Show 2013". seat.co.uk. 14 September 2013. Archived from the original on 26 January 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
  92. "Skoda Octavia RS adds versatility to the performance formula". autoblog.com. 11 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  93. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Škoda Rapid Spaceback". inautonews.com. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  94. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Škoda Rapid Spaceback". inautonews.com. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  95. "Suzuki Swift Sport 5-Door Pops Up in Frankfurt". Autoevolution. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  96. "Volkswagen e-Up! stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 1 October 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  97. "3rd generation Seat Leon ST presented at the 2014 Frankfurt Motor Show". Auto Power Girl. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
  98. "Volkswagen e-Golf stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  99. "Volkswagen Golf R stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  100. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Cadillac Elmiraj Concept". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  101. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Citroën Cactus concept". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  102. "Ford Mondeo Vignale concept debuts at Frankfurt Motor Show". Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  103. "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Infiniti Q30". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  104. "Kia Niro concept gets Frankfurt debut". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  105. "Frankfurt motor show 2013: Lexus LF-NX concept". Autocar. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  106. "Mercedes-Benz S-Class Coupe Concept LIVE in Frankfurt". 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  107. "MINI Vision revealed". Auto Express. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  108. "Frankfurt Motor Show LIVE: Peugeot 308 R Concept". inautonews.com. 13 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  109. "Smart Fourjoy Concept Previews New Forfour". Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  110. Wilkinson, Leo (10 September 2013). "Renault Initiale Paris concept car hints at next Espace". telegraph.co.uk. Telegraph Media Group. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  111. "Subaru WRX concept stars at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show". MSN UK. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  112. FRANKFURT MOTOR SHOW: Hongqi S9 supercar raises eyebrows motoring September 14, 2019
  113. "Wissmann: At 931,700 visitors, this IAA has more than fulfilled our expectations" (Press release). IAA. 27 September 2015. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  114. "Statistics Visitors and Exhibitors IAA Cars 2017" (Press release). IAA. 25 September 2017. Archived from the original on 21 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.