Jackson County, Arkansas

Jackson County is located in the Arkansas Delta in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The county is named for Andrew Jackson, a national hero during the War of 1812. By the county's formation in 1829, Jackson had become the seventh President of the United States. Jackson County is home to seven incorporated towns and four incorporated cities, including Newport, the largest city and county seat. The county is also the site of numerous unincorporated communities and ghost towns. Occupying 633.94 square miles (164,190 ha), Jackson County is the 41st largest county of the 75 in Arkansas. As of the 2010 Census, the county's population is 17,997 people in 7,601 households.[1] Based on population, the county is the 40th-largest county in Arkansas.[2] Although terrain rises in the west, most of Jackson County is within the Arkansas Delta, characterized by largely flat terrain with fertile soils. Historically covered in forest, bayous and swamps, the area was cleared for agriculture by early settlers. It is drained by the White River.

Jackson County
U.S. county
Jackson County Courthouse
Location within the U.S. state of Arkansas
Arkansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 35°35′38″N 91°11′37″W
Country United States
State Arkansas
FoundedNovember 5, 1829
Named forAndrew Jackson
SeatNewport
Largest cityNewport
Area
 • Total642 sq mi (1,660 km2)
 • Land634 sq mi (1,640 km2)
 • Water7.6 sq mi (20 km2)  1.2%%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total17,997
 • Estimate 
(2019)
16,719
 • Density28/sq mi (11/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.jacksoncountyar.org

Although no Interstate highways are located in Jackson County, two United States highways (U.S. Route 67 (US 67) and US 167) and fifteen Arkansas state highways run in the county. A Union Pacific Railroad line also crosses the county.[3]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 642 square miles (1,660 km2), of which 634 square miles (1,640 km2) is land and 7.6 square miles (20 km2) (1.2%) is water.[4]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1830333—
18401,540362.5%
18503,086100.4%
186010,493240.0%
18707,268−30.7%
188010,87749.7%
189015,17939.6%
190018,38321.1%
191023,50127.8%
192025,4468.3%
193027,9439.8%
194026,427−5.4%
195025,912−1.9%
196022,843−11.8%
197020,452−10.5%
198021,6465.8%
199018,944−12.5%
200018,418−2.8%
201017,997−2.3%
2019 (est.)16,719[5]−7.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790–1960[7] 1900–1990[8]
1990–2000[9] 2010–2016[10]
Age pyramid Jackson County[11]

As of the 2000 census,[12] there were 18,418 people, 6,971 households, and 4,830 families residing in the county. The population density was 29 people per square mile (11/km2). There were 7,956 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile (5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 80.57% White, 17.56% Black or African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.40% from other races, and 0.95% from two or more races. 1.27% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 6,971 households, out of which 27.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.20% were married couples living together, 13.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.70% were non-families. 27.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.20% under the age of 18, 11.50% from 18 to 24, 26.00% from 25 to 44, 23.80% from 45 to 64, and 16.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 91.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $25,081, and the median income for a family was $32,661. Males had a median income of $26,744 versus $17,830 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,564. About 13.20% of families and 17.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.00% of those under age 18 and 16.70% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure

The Grimes Unit and the McPherson Unit, prisons of the Arkansas Department of Correction, are located in Newport, off of Arkansas Highway 384, 4 miles (6.4 km) east of central Newport.[13] The prison houses the state's death row for women.[14] The Jackson County Sheriff's Office is the primary county-wide law enforcement agency.

Politics

Like almost all of Arkansas and the rural South, the 21st century has seen Jackson County make a hard turn to the Republican Party after supporting Democrats throughout its history; the move is likely due to persistent racial and cultural agitation by the Democratic Party, which has not gone over well in Appalachian and rural Southern areas. John Kerry was the last Democrat to win the county in a presidential election, in 2004. In 2008, John McCain beat Barack Obama in the county by an almost-perfect reverse margin of Kerry's victory over George W. Bush.

Further elections has only seen sharper turns to the right, first at the presidential level and increasingly for other contested seats, to the point where this county, and Arkansas as a whole, is very Republican today.

Presidential elections results
Jackson County, Arkansas
vote by party in presidential elections [15]
Year GOP Dem Others
2016 63.36% 3,267 30.70% 1,583 5.93% 306
2012 57.45% 3,072 39.18% 2,095 3.37% 180
2008 55.86% 3,118 39.54% 2,207 4.60% 257
2004 42.19% 2,624 56.52% 3,515 1.29% 80
2000 37.55% 2,280 60.13% 3,651 2.32% 141
1996 23.46% 1,525 66.22% 4,304 10.32% 671
1992 24.77% 1,864 65.71% 4,944 9.51% 716
1988 41.90% 3,049 57.71% 4,199 0.38% 28
1984 48.88% 3,901 50.60% 4,038 0.53% 42
1980 39.49% 3,191 57.55% 4,651 2.95% 239
1976 21.64% 1,783 78.36% 6,456
1972 66.73% 4,196 33.27% 2,092 0.00% 0
1968 19.56% 1,356 29.59% 2,051 50.85% 3,525
1964 31.36% 2,141 68.12% 4,651 0.53% 36
1960 38.50% 1,986 55.44% 2,860 6.07% 313
1956 26.14% 1,323 73.09% 3,699 0.77% 39
1952 25.62% 1,516 74.38% 4,401 0.00% 0
1948 10.34% 338 82.45% 2,696 7.22% 236
1944 15.15% 414 84.85% 2,318 0.00% 0
1940 14.54% 382 84.59% 2,223 0.88% 23
1936 13.19% 327 86.77% 2,151 0.04% 1
1932 7.09% 193 92.58% 2,521 0.33% 9
1928 31.24% 698 68.35% 1,527 0.40% 9
1924 25.44% 392 69.37% 1,069 5.19% 80
1920 40.34% 1,131 56.17% 1,575 3.50% 98
1916 26.05% 476 73.95% 1,351 0.00% 0
1912 31.94% 543 49.24% 837 18.82% 320
1908 42.39% 864 51.77% 1,055 5.84% 119
1904 47.28% 677 52.09% 746 0.63% 9
1900 36.05% 598 63.29% 1,050 0.66% 11
1896 26.95% 588 72.64% 1,585 0.41% 9

Communities

Cities

Towns

Unincorporated Communities

Ghost towns
  • Colerain
  • Estico
  • Mt. Pinson
  • Myrickville
  • Sneed

Townships
Townships in Jackson County, Arkansas as of 2010

Townships in Arkansas are the divisions of a county. Each township includes unincorporated areas; some may have incorporated cities or towns within part of their boundaries. Arkansas townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the United States Census does list Arkansas population based on townships (sometimes referred to as "county subdivisions" or "minor civil divisions"). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps and publications. The townships of Jackson County are listed below; listed in parentheses are the cities, towns, and/or census-designated places that are fully or partially inside the township. [16][17]

Source:[18]

Government and politics

Jackson County is represented in the Arkansas State Senate by the Republican Ronald R. Caldwell, a real estate businessman from Wynne in Cross County.

See also

References
  1. "Arkansas: 2010 Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). 2010 Census of Population and Housing. United States Census Bureau. August 2012. p. III-6. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. General Highway Map - Jackson County, Arkansas (PDF) (Map) (December 28, 2011 ed.). Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  4. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  5. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved September 28, 2019.
  6. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  7. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  8. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  9. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
  10. "QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. April 23, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  11. Based on 2000 census data
  12. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  13. "Grimes Unit/McPherson Unit." Arkansas Department of Correction. Retrieved on November 22, 2010.
  14. Haddigan, Michael. "They Kill Women, Don't They?" Arkansas Times. April 9, 1999. Retrieved on August 15, 2010.
  15. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". Retrieved November 18, 2016.
  16. 2011 Boundary and Annexation Survey (BAS): Jackson County, AR (PDF) (Map). U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-10-19. Retrieved 2011-08-18.
  17. "Arkansas: 2010 Census Block Maps - County Subdivision". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 28, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2014.
  18. "Summary Population and Housing Characteristics, CPH-1-5, Arkansas" (PDF). 2010 Census of Population and Housing. United States Census Bureau. September 2012. Retrieved May 31, 2014. External link in |work= (help)

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