June 1971

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June 30, 1971: Soviet cosmonauts Dobrovolsky, Volkov, Patsayev killed in Soyuz 11 mission accident

The following events occurred in June 1971:

June 1, 1971 (Tuesday)
  • Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, an organization claiming to represent the majority of U.S. Vietnam War veterans who served in Southeast Asia, sponsored an event to speak against war protests.[1]
  • The East Pakistan Razakar Ordinance, promulgated by Pakistan Army General Tikka Khan, made the Razakars, a paramilitary organization that has carried out massacres of Bengali civilians in East Pakistan, recognized members of the Pakistan Army.[2]
  • Died: Reinhold Niebuhr, 78, American theologian and political commentator[3]

June 2, 1971 (Wednesday)
Patriarch Pimen I

June 3, 1971 (Thursday)
Abdul-Jabbar, formerly Alcindor
  • Lew Alcindor, winner in 1970 of the NBA's Most Valuable Player award, announced that he ha changed his name to Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. The former Alcindor says that he had chosen the name in 1968 after converting from Roman Catholicism to Islam, and that "Kareem" means "noble", "Abdul" was "servant of Allah" and "Jabbar" means "powerful" and . [10]
  • In the second of two games of the 1971 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Final, held in Leeds, Leeds United F.C. played to a 1-1 draw with Juventus F.C., after a 2-2 win at Turin. Leeds was awarded the win based on a tiebreaker, based on "away goals" (having had 2 goals in Italy compared to one goal by Juventus in Leeds.
  • The comedy No Sex Please, We're British, opened at the Strand Theatre, beginning a 16-year run that would make it the eighth longest-running stage production in London's West End.[11]
  • Born: Luigi Di Biagio, Italian footballer and caretaker for the Italian National Team from 2018 to 2020; in Rome[12]
  • Died: Gertrud Natzler, 63, Austrian-American artist who popularized ceramics art[13]

June 4, 1971 (Friday)

June 5, 1971 (Saturday)

June 6, 1971 (Sunday)

June 7, 1971 (Monday)
  • Philippine government official Manuel Elizalde, the head of the PANAMIN Foundation (Presidential Assistant on National Minorities), reported that he had discovered the Tasaday people, purported to be an isolated tribe, described as living in the "Stone Age", on the island of Mindanao, in the rain forest near Lake Sebu. [25] For the next 15 years, contact with the Tasadays was restricted by the Philippine government, but after the fall of the regime of President Ferdinand Marcos, anthropologists were permitted to study the tribe further, discovering that the supposed cave people were living nearby in modern conditions and that Elizaide's discovery has been a hoax. The Australian Broadcasting Company would later produce a TV documentary called "The Tribe that Never Was" revealing the government had hired what would be described as "rain forest clock punchers". [26]
  • The three Soyuz 11 cosmonauts become the first humans in history to step aboard an orbiting space station after their capsule successfully docked with Salyut 1. [27]
  • All but three of 30 people on Allegheny Airlines Flight 485 died when the Convair CV-580 crashed on landing at New Haven, Connecticut and the plane burst into flames. The aircraft plowed through three vacant summer cottages and set fire to a fourth one, but the dwellings "were unoccupied because the season had not yet begun and no one on the ground was injured". [28] [29] Although all but one person survived the initial impact, the persons killed had been unable to open the emergency exit. [30]
  • The government of Pakistan issued a decree removing the two highest denominations of the Pakistani rupee paper currency notes from circulation and setting a deadline for citizens to exchange their 500-rupee and 100-rupee banknotes in return for a receipt promising new notes at some point in the next few weeks. The decision came after Bangladesh separatists in East Pakistan had flooded West Pakistan with counterfeited currency. [31]
  • In Silver Spring, Maryland, the federal Alcohol Tobacco Firearms Division (ATFD) raided the home of Kenyon F. Ballew, beginning a cause célèbre in the debates between advocates of gun control and advocates of gun owner rights in the U.S.[32]
  • Died:

June 8, 1971 (Tuesday)

June 9, 1971 (Wednesday)

June 10, 1971 (Thursday)

June 11, 1971 (Friday)
  • The Occupation of Alcatraz came to an end after 19 months during which American Indians from various tribes occupied Alcatraz Island off of the coast of California and lived in the closed Alcatraz federal penitentiary. A group of 79 Indians had seized control of the island on November 20, 1969; by the time that the last group was evacuated, only 15 were occupying the island. [52]
  • At O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, TWA Flight 358, with 26 people on board preparing to depart for John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City, was boarded by armed hijacker Gregory White, who demanded to be flown to North Vietnam, and killed a passenger, Howard Franks. [53] The passengers stampeded, and White was apprehended by an armed Deputy who shot and wounded the hijacker while the airliner landed safely at New York.[54][55] Franks, 65 years old, became the first U.S. airline passenger to be killed during a hijacking. [56]
  • Died:

June 12, 1971 (Saturday)
The last White House Wedding

June 13, 1971 (Sunday)
Part of the leaked "Pentagon Papers"
  • The New York Times began to publish the Pentagon Papers, secret memoranda from the U.S. Department of Defense regarding U.S. strategy during the Vietnam War, that had been provided to investigative journalist Neil Sheehan.[61][62]
  • The Sunday Times in London published the first news of the massacres in East Pakistan of the predominantly Hindu Bengali population by the Army of Pakistan and its paramilitary partners, the Razakars. Written by Karachi journalist Anthony Mascarenhas, who fled with his family to London prior to publication, the story bore the headline "GENOCIDE". [63]
  • In Australia, Mrs. Geraldine Brodrick of Canberra became only the second person known to give birth to nonuplets, bearing nine babies between in 35 minutes at the Royal Hospital for Women in Randwick, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney. [64] Two were stillborn; the other seven, three boys and four girls weighing between one and two pounds, survived for only a few days, with last one, a boy, dying after six days. [65]
  • The Philippine sightseeing boat Edisco, with more than 100 people on board, capsized in Manila Bay when passengers rush to one side of the boat to get out of the way of spray blowing from the ocean. Twenty-eight people were killed, while 80 more were rescued by nearby fishing boats and cruisers. The passengers were returning after a holiday excursion to the island of Corregidor. [66]
  • All 24 people aboard a U.S. Air Force C-135 jet transport were presumed dead after the aircraft disappeared into the Pacific Ocean after departing from Pago Pago in American Samoa to return to Hickham Air Force Base in Honolulu. The last radar contact had been when the jet had passed Palmyra Atoll. [67] The aircraft had carried 12 civilian technicians and 12 U.S. Air Force personnel, of whom eight were from the Aeronautical Systems Division, and the jet was monitoring a nuclear test by France. Debris from the plane were found, but no bodies were located. [68] [69]
  • Elections were held in Iceland for the 40 seats of the Althing, Iceland's unicameral parliament, breaking up the socialist-conservative coalition government led by Prime Minister Johann Hafstein. [70] While Hafstein's Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn (Independence Party) retains its 15 seat plurality, his coalition partner, the Althithuflokkurinn (Social Democratic Party) lost five seats, leading to Hafstein's resignation and the creation of a new coalition led by the Framsóknarflokkurinn (Progressive Party) of Ólafur Jóhannesson.
  • American professional wrestling star Alberto Torres was fatally injured in a tag team match held at the town of Verdigre, Nebraska. Torres, who was matched against Douglas "Ox" Baker, died four days later at a hospital in Omaha. [71]
  • Doug Mew became the first person to swim across "The Rip", a dangerous waterway (because of its riptide and its rocky seabed) between Point Lonsdale and Point Nepean in Australia's State of Victoria. [72] A plaque was later erected at Point Lonsdale to commemorate his accomplishment. [73]
  • Former Soviet Communist Party leader and Premier Nikita Khrushchev made his first public appearance since being removed from office in 1964. [74] Khrushchev had come to Moscow to cast a vote in elections for the approval of the Party's Moscow representatives at the RSFSR's republic legislature.

June 14, 1971 (Monday)
Norway's first North Sea oil platform, Ekofisk-1

June 15, 1971 (Tuesday)

June 16, 1971 (Wednesday)
  • The U.S. Senate defeated a resolution sponsored by Senators George S. McGovern of South Dakota and Mark O. Hatfield of Oregon, both Democrats, a proposed amendment to bill extending the draft, that would have set a deadline of December 31, 1971 to withdraw all U.S. military forces from Indochina. [89] The final vote was 42 for and 55 against. A compromise resolution that would have set a deadline of June 1, 1972, was defeated, 52 to 14. A similar resolution in the U.S. House of Representatives was defeated the next day, 158 to 253, with 105 Democrats and 149 Republicans voting against it. [90]
  • Australia's Experimental Military Unit was withdrawn from Vietnam.
  • Born: Tupac Shakur, American rapper, poet, and actor, as Parish Lesane Crooks in Brooklyn, New York City; [91] (murdered, 1996)

June 17, 1971 (Thursday)
  • U.S. President Nixon began the "War on Drugs", declaring in a nationwide address that "America's public enemy number one in the United States was drug abuse. In order to fight and defeat this enemy, it was necessary to wage a new, all-out offensive." [92] [93]
  • The Okinawa Reversion Agreement was signed simultaneously in Tokyo and in Washington DC by U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers and Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs Kiichi Aichi, whereby the U.S. agreed to return control of Okinawa Island, the Daito Islands and the Ryuku Islands to Japan, while still allowing the United States Forces Japan to maintain bases on the island.[94] The U.S. had captured the island of Okinawa on July 2, 1945 after a 98-day battle that claimed the lives of over 20,000 Americans and over 110,000 Japanese. [95]
  • U.S. truck manufacturer Mack Trucks, Inc. announced that it had signed a contract with the government of the Soviet Union, subject to U.S. government approval, for Mack to design and supply equipment for the Russians to use for the KAMAZ truck factory, under construction in the Russian SFSR at Naberezhnye Chelny on the Kama River. The agreement, which would double the volume of U.S. exports to the U.S.S.R., had been executed on May 18 but not revealed until June 17 at the request of the Nixon administration. [96]
  • A drunken Jim Morrison made a recording in a Paris studio with two equally inebriated American street musicians he had befriended shortly before.
  • Born: Paulina Rubio, Mexican singer and actress, in Mexico City
  • Died: Paruyr Sevak, 47, Soviet Armenian poet and dissident, was killed in an automobile accident along with his wife. [97]

June 18, 1971 (Friday)

June 19, 1971 (Saturday)

June 20, 1971 (Sunday)

June 21, 1971 (Monday)
  • The International Court of Justice, commonly known as "The World Court", ruled 13 to 2 in an advisory that South Africa's occupation of the trust territory of South-West Africa (now Namibia) was illegal and that its administration of the territory should halt at once. The British and French judges were opposed the ruling, and South Africa's government refused to abide by the World Court's judgment. South African Prime Minister John Vorster called the decision "an international political vendetta" and said that South Africa was administering South-West Africa "with a view to self-determination for all population groups". [111]
  • Golfer Lee Trevino won the U.S. Open in an 18-hole playoff against Jack Nicklaus, after both players had identical scores of 280 the day before. Trevino had 68 and Nicklaus 71 in the 3-stroke win. [112]
  • Britain began new negotiations in Luxembourg, led by Geoffrey Rippon, for EEC membership. By the morning of June 23, more than 40 hours of talks resulted in the United Kingdom's entry into the Common Market. [113]

June 22, 1971 (Tuesday)
  • For the first time since the Vietnam War began, the U.S. Senate voted for a pullout of all troops, but only on the condition that North Vietnam and the Viet Cong release American prisoners of war. The vote, an amendment to the authorization of an extension of the draft, passed, 57 to 42, and was sent to the House of Representatives. [114] The House rejected the amendment six days later by a vote of 176 for and 219 against. [115]
  • Born:

June 23, 1971 (Wednesday)
  • "Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis as a Mechanism of Action for Aspirin-like Drugs", a paper by University of London pharmacologist John R. Vane, was published in the scientific journal Nature New Biology, providing his findings that would later earn him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, that aspirin and similar pain relievers work by inhibiting the release of prostaglandin.[116]
  • After a marathon negotiating session that lasted until 5:00 in the morning in Luxembourg, representatives of the European Economic Community (EEC) and the United Kingdom came to an agreement on terms for the UK to enter the Community and to join the Common Market. [117][118] Among the points of dispute resolved, the two sides agreed that the UK's payment to the EEC for its first year would be 100 million British pounds (equivalent at the time to USD $240,000,000, to be trebled by 1978. [113]
  • In "a stock offering that made Wall Street history... because it no doubt will establish a precedent for public ownership of many of the other Wall Street houses [119],Merrill Lynch became the second Wall Street stockbroking firm to go public.[120] The initial price a share of Merrill Lynch common stock was $28.00 as part of raising $112,000,000 through sales.
  • The government of Poland turned over ownership of 6,900 former German church buildings and parsonages to the Roman Catholic Church, in a new law that provided for the transfer in those archdioceses in territory acquired from Germany at the end of World War II. [121] The transfer, dated retroactively to the beginning of the 1971, fulfilled a promise made by Polish United Workers Party Chairman Edward Gierek as part of ending the December riots. Many of the churches that became Catholic houses of worship had formerly been used by German Lutherans.

June 24, 1971 (Thursday)

June 25, 1971 (Friday)
  • The Death of Actaeon, a 16th century masterpiece painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Titian (Tiziano Vecelli) was purchased by at an auction in London for £1.6 million (the equivalent of $4,032,000) [125] an American art dealer, Julius Weitzner. At the time, the amount paid at the auction by Christie's was the second highest ever for a painting, but much less than the three million pounds that had been forecast within the London art community. [126]
  • Died: John Boyd Orr, 90, Scottish physician and biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine [127]

June 26, 1971 (Saturday)
  • In Paris, French tightrope walker Philippe Petit gained worldwide fame after stringing a 100 pounds (45 kg) steel cable between the two towers of the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris and then spent the next few hours walking back and forth across the wire without a safety net or a balancing pole, juggling balls and laying down, all 225 feet (69 m) above the ground. After Petit climbed down, Paris police took him to a nearby precinct headquarters for a check of his identity, then accompanied him to make sure that he dismantled his high-wire equipment, and released him without filing charges. [128]
  • Died: Johannes Frießner, 79, German World War II general[129]

June 27, 1971 (Sunday)
  • Elections were held in Japan for the 126 of the 252 seats of the House of Councillors, the upper house of the Japanese parliament. [130] Although the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) maintained its control of the Councillors, losing only three seats, the Japan Socialist party made some gains, taking 28 of the "constituency" seats for district representatives, and 39 of the at-large national seats. [131]
  • U.S. concert promoter Bill Graham closed the legendary Fillmore East venue, which had first opened on 2nd Avenue in New York City in 1968.[132]
  • Born: Dipendra Bir Birkam, Crown Prince of Nepal; in Kathmandu (committed suicide, 2001)[133]

June 28, 1971 (Monday)
Shooting victim Colombo
Vindicated boxer Ali
  • Reputed Brooklyn Mafia chief Joseph Colombo was shot in the head during the Italian-American Civil Rights League "Unity Day" rally at Columbus Circle in New York City, despite protection by police and by his own bodyguards. His assailant, Jerome A. Johnson, had gotten within close range of Colombo while wearing a press pass that he had picked up from IACRL officials. [134] At 11:45 in the morning, Colombo was asked to pose for a photo by a bystander, and was shot twice by Johnson. Moments later, Johnson was shot to death, apparently by one of Colombo's bodyguards. Colombo survived after five hours of surgery, but suffered brain damage and would be paralyzed for the rest of his life.[135]
  • By a vote of 8 to 0, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously reversed the conviction of heavyweight boxer Muhammad Ali, four years after he had been found guilty of refusing induction into the U.S. Army, and after Ali's world championships had been revoked by boxing commissions. "[136] The Court concluded that Ali had been improperly drafted despite his claim to be a conscientious objector to military service based on his religious faith as a Muslim.
  • Born: Elon Musk, South African-Canadian-American technology entrepreneur, founder of SpaceX and CEO of Tesla, in Johannesburg, South Africa[137]
  • Died: Camille Clifford, 85, Belgian actress and model[138]

June 29, 1971 (Tuesday)
  • U. S. Senator Mike Gravel attempted to read the Pentagon Papers into the Congressional Record, but was unable to do so because a quorum of at least 51 U.S. Senators was not available and the session was forced to adjourn. As an alternative, Senator Gravel went to a hearing room in the new Senate Office Building. In his capacity as Chairman of the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds, Gravel found a quorum of members and then began reading the documents for three hours before adjourning. [139] [140]

June 30, 1971 (Wednesday)
  • After a successful mission aboard Salyut 1, the world's first manned space station, the crew of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft were killed during their return to Earth after 24 days on the orbiting station. When the recovery team reached the capsule after its landing, they opened the hatch and found the bodies of all three cosmonauts — Colonel Georgi T. Dobrovolsky and engineers Vladislav N. Volkov and Viktor I. Patsayev. [141] An investigation later determined that a faulty valve within the Soyuz capsule had caused the oxygen within the capsule to slowly leak out as the craft was descending to Earth. [142] [143]
  • In New York Times Co. v. United States, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled, 6 to 3, that the Pentagon Papers could be published, rejecting government injunctions as unconstitutional prior restraint. [144] The Times resumed publication of the documents the next day.
  • The U.S. State of Ohio approved ratification of the 26th Amendment to the United States Constitution by a vote of 81 to 9 in the state house of representatives, one day after the state senate had voted 30 to 2 in favor of approval. In so doing, Ohio became the 38th of the 50 U.S. states to ratify the amendment to lower the minimum voting age nationwide from 21 years old to 18 years old, providing the necessary three-quarters majority necessary for the 26th Amendment to become law. [145]
  • Died: Nikola Kotkov, 32, and Georgi Asparuhov, (28), Bulgarian footballers, were killed in a car accident[146]

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  4. "Metropolitan Pimen Elected Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church", The New York Times, June 3, 1971, p. 2
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  82. "Beyond the Grand -- The life of America's Most Influential Ski Mountaineer", by Louis Dawson, WildSnow.com
  83. "Briggs skis down Grand Teton", Jackson Hole (WY) News, June 17, 1971, p. 4
  84. "Who took the photo? Stories Conflict for Image of Ski Tracks on the Grand", by Kerry Drake, Wyoming State Historical Society, January 30, 2017
  85. "El Greco Stolen in Spain in '30's Found Here", by Martin Arnold, The New York Times, June 17, 1971, p. 1
  86. R. J. Chester, A History of the Hexagon Program (National Reconnaissance Office, 1985; declassified, 2011) p. vii
  87. [https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-056A "KH9-01", NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive
  88. https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Sathyan's-incredible-commitment/article14469002.ece "Sathyan’s incredible commitment"], by Saju Chelangad, The Hindu, July 3, 2016
  89. "Senate, 55 to 42, Defeats McGovern-Hatfield Plan", by John W. Finney, The New York Times, June 17, 1971, p. 1
  90. "House Vote on Indochina", The New York Times, June 19, 1971, p. 9
  91. "2 Pac", The Encyclopedia of Popular Music, ed. by Colin Larkin (Omnibus Press, 2011) p. 1958
  92. "Remarks About an Intensified Program for Drug Abuse Prevention and Control. June 17, 1971". The American Presidency Project. The American Presidency Project. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  93. "President Orders Wider Drug Fight; Asks $155-Million", The New York Times, June 18, 1971, p. 1
  94. "Agreement Between the United States of America and Japan Concerning the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands"
  95. "Pact for Okinawa Return Signed", by Terence Smith, The New York Times, June 18, 1971, p. 1
  96. "Accord Is Signed for Soviet Plant by Mack Trucks", The New York Times, June 18, 1971, p. 1
  97. Mark Malkasian, Gha-ra-bagh!: The Emergence of the National Democratic Movement in Armenia (Wayne State University Press, 1996) p. 215
  98. "1966 to 1971: The Fight to Fly", Southwest Airlines
  99. "Paul Karrer Facts", The Nobel Foundation
  100. "Paul Karrer Dies; Nobel Chemist, 82", The New York Times, June 21, 1971, p. 32
  101. David K. Frasier, Suicide in the Entertainment Industry: An Encyclopedia of 840 Twentieth Century Cases (McFarland, 2002) p. 147
  102. "The June 19, 1971 Manili Massacre : “All I can remember was that the blood was so warm”, by Aveen Acuna-Gulo, MindaNews (Mindanao, Philippines), June 19, 2003, reprinted June 20, 2018
  103. Larousse, William (2001). A Local Church Living for Dialogue: Muslim-Christian Relations in Mindanao-Sulu, Philippines 1965–2000. Gregorian Biblical BookShop. p. 136. ISBN 8876528792.
  104. Fussballdaten: DFB-Pokal 1970/1971
  105. Fix, John (July 1967). "Gar Wood: An Old Sea Dog was Up to New Tricks". Popular Mechanics: 82–85. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
  106. Road & Track. CBS Publications. September 2001. p. 97.
  107. "Dutch Grand Prix Captured by Ickx", by Michael Katz, The New York Times, June 21, 1971, p. 23
  108. "Coupe de France: Saison 1970-1971", Fédération Française de Football website
  109. "West 111-100 Victor in N.B.A.-A.B.A. Game", The New York Times, June 21, 1971, p. 23
  110. "33 Die in Turkish Bus Crash", The New York Times, June 21, 1971, p. 11
  111. "World Court Says South Africa Errs", The New York Times, June 22, 1971, p. 1
  112. "Trevino's 68 Defeats Nicklaus by 3 Strokes in Open Playoff", The New York Times, June 22, 1971, p. 23
  113. "Negotiations at Luxembourg Were Long and Tough", by Clyde H. Farnsworth, The New York Times, June 24, 1971, p. 3
  114. "Senate Backs a Vietnam Pullout", The New York Times, June 23, 1971, p. 1
  115. "House Rejects Vietnam Pullout Voted By Senate; Amendment for Withdrawl Based on P.O.W. Release is Defeated, 219-176", The New York Times, June 29, 1971, p. 1
  116. Vane, J. R. (June 1971). "Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis as a Mechanism of Action for Aspirin-like Drugs". Nature New Biology. 231 (25): 232–235. doi:10.1038/newbio231232a0.
  117. "Britain is in— Six agree on terms for NZ", from Hella Pick, The Guardian (London), June 23, 1971, p.1
  118. "After a 10-Year Estrangement, the Common Market Opens the Door to Britain", The New York Times, June 24, 1971, p. 2
  119. "Issue Sold at $28 by Merrill Lynch", by Terry Robards, The New York Times, June 24, 1971, p. 53
  120. Forbes Magazine Staff; Daniel Gross (21 August 1997). Forbes Greatest Business Stories of All Time. John Wiley & Sons. p. 103. ISBN 978-0-471-19653-2.
  121. "Poland's Church is Given Title To Former German Properties", by James Feron, The New York Times, June 24, 1971, p. 2
  122. "16 Believed Killed by Blast in Sylmar Water District Tunnel", Los Angeles Times, June 26, 1971, p. I-1
  123. "Last of 17 Blast Victims Removed From Death Tunnel", by David Lamb and Robert Kistler, Los Angeles Times, June 27, 1971, p. I-1
  124. Soviet-bloc Research in Geophysics, Astronomy, and Space. U.S. Joint Publications Research Service. 1971. p. 429.
  125. "London Dealer Buys British Titian Painting for $4 Million", Los Angeles Times, June 26, 1971, p. A-1
  126. "Titian price well below forecasts", The Guardian (London), June 26, 1971, p.5
  127. Harold Oxbury (1985). Great Britons: Twentieth-century Lives. Oxford University Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-19-211599-7.
  128. "Daredevil Proves to Be Above the Law", Los Angeles Times, June 27, 1971, p. A-3
  129. Trevor Nevitt Dupuy; Curt Johnson; David L. Bongard (1992). The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography. HarperCollins. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-06-270015-5.
  130. "Japan's Voters Give Socialists Unexpected Gains", by Takashi Oka, The New York Times, June 28, 1971, p.4
  131. "Sato's Party Suffers a Setback And Reds Gain in Japanese Vote", by Takashi Oka, The New York Times, June 29, 1971, p. 4
  132. Christoph Grunenberg; Jonathan Harris; Jonathan P. Harris (2005). Summer of Love: Psychedelic Art, Social Crisis and Counterculture in the 1960s. Liverpool University Press. pp. 40–. ISBN 978-0-85323-919-2.
  133. Chuda Bahadur Shreshtha (2004). Nepal, Coping with Maoist Insurgency. Chetana Lokshum. p. 290. ISBN 978-99946-31-88-9.
  134. "Colombo Shot, Gunman Slain At Columbus Circle Rally Site; Killing of Assailant Not Done by Police, Official Says", by William E. Farrell, The New York Times, June 29, 1971, p. 1
  135. New York Media, LLC (17 July 1972). New York Magazine. New York Media, LLC. p. 36.
  136. Ali Wins in Draft Case Appeal— Calling Up of Boxer Ruled Improper— Court Upholds Him on Religion, 8-0", by David E. Rosenbaum, The New York Times, June 29, 1971, p. 1
  137. Sara Green (1 August 2014). Elon Musk. Bellwether Media. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-61211-953-3.
  138. John Kennedy Melling (1974). Discovering Theatre Ephemera. Shire Publications. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-85263-245-1.
  139. "Parts of Vietnam Papers Read to Press by Senator; Gravel Speaks 3 Hours", The New York Times, June 30, 1971, p. 1
  140. The Pentagon Papers: The Defense Department History of United States Decisionmaking on Vietnam. Vol. 1. Senator Gravel Edition. Boston: Beacon Press, 1971.
  141. "3 Soviet Astronauts Are Dead; Bodies Discovered in Capsule When It Lands After 24 Days; Cause Not Known; Tass Says Craft Was Working Normally During Re-Entry", by Bernard Gwertzman, The New York Times, June 30, 1971, p. 1
  142. TRW Systems Group (1972). TRW Space Log. p. 40.
  143. "Russians Confirm A Drop in Pressured Killed 3 Astronauts", by Bernard Gwertzman, The New York Times, July 12, 1971, p. 1
  144. "Supreme Court, 6-3, Upholds Newspapers on Publication of the Pentagon Papers; Times Resumes Its Series, Halted 15 Days", by Fred P. Graham, The New York Times, July 1, 1971, p. 1
  145. "The States Ratify Full Vote at 18— Ohio Becomes 38th to Back the 26th Amendment", by R. W. Apple Jr., The New York Times, July 1, 1971, p. 1
  146. Radio Free Europe Research. RFE/RL. 1985. p. 20.
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