List of Amtrak routes

Amtrak operates the following intercity and long-distance passenger train routes.

To-scale map of Amtrak services as of 2013

Current routes

Amtrak service is divided into three categories of routes: Northeast Corridor routes, state-supported routes, and long distance routes. These types indicate how the service is funded. Northeast Corridor service is directly subsidized by federal appropriations. Federally-supported long distance services are subsidized by appropriations under a separate line item from the NEC in federal budgets. Additionally, Amtrak partners with 17 states to provide additional short- and medium-distance services desired by those states. They are subsidized by periodic payments to Amtrak from the state partners. Three routes - the Carolinian, Northeast Regional, and Vermonter - are state-subsidized only on the sections of their routes off the Northeast Corridor (north of New Haven, and south of Washington).

The Northeast Regional and San Joaquin have branches served by different trips, while the Empire Builder and Lake Shore Limited split into two sections to serve branches. On the Acela Express, Capitol Corridor, Downeaster, Empire Service, Keystone Service, Northeast Regional, Pacific Surfliner, and San Joaquin, some or all trips do not run the full length of the route; all cities listed are terminals for some trains.

Due to the drop in demand resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, Amtrak reduced several long distance trains from 1 daily round trip to 3 weekly round trips. This went into effect in October 2020. [1]

Name Type Route Numbers Frequency FY2019 Passengers[2] Route miles
Acela Northeast Corridor Boston – New York City – Washington, D.C. 2100–2290 16 weekday round trips, 4 Saturday round trips, 9 Sunday round trips 3,577,455 456
Adirondack State-supported Montreal – New York City 68, 69 1 daily round trip 117,490 381
Amtrak Cascades State-supported Vancouver – Seattle – Portland – Eugene 500–517 5 daily round trips 828,247 467
Auto Train Long distance Lorton – Sanford 52, 53 1 daily round trip 236,041 855
Blue Water State-supported Chicago – Port Huron 364, 365 1 daily round trip 181,832 319
California Zephyr Long distance Chicago – Emeryville, California 5, 6 1 daily round trip 410,844 2,438
Capitol Corridor State-supported Auburn – Sacramento – Oakland – San Jose 520–553, 720–751 16 weekday round trips, 11 weekend round trips 1,777,136 172
Capitol Limited Long distance Chicago – Washington, D.C. 29, 30 1 daily round trip 209,578 764
Cardinal Long distance Chicago – New York City 50, 51 3 weekly round trips 108,935 1,147
Carolinian Northeast Corridor
State-supported		 New York City – Charlotte 79, 80 1 daily round trip 244,779 704
City of New Orleans Long distance Chicago – New Orleans 58, 59 1 daily round trip 235,670 926
Coast Starlight Long distance Seattle – Los Angeles 11, 14 1 daily round trip 426,029 1,377
Crescent Long distance New York City – New Orleans 19, 20 1 daily round trip 295,180 1,377
Downeaster State-supported Brunswick – Portland – Boston 680–699 5 daily round trips 557,248 145
Empire Builder Long distance Chicago – Spokane – Portland/Seattle 7, 8, 27, 28 1 daily round trip 433,372 2,257 miles (Chicago–Portland)

2,206 miles (Chicago–Seattle)

Empire Service State-supported New York City – Albany – Niagara Falls 230–288 9 weekday round trips, 7 weekend round trips 1,214,206 460
Ethan Allen Express State-supported New York City – Rutland 290–296 1 daily round trip 50,515 241
Heartland Flyer State-supported Oklahoma City – Fort Worth 821, 822 1 daily round trip 68,744 206
Hiawatha Service State-supported Chicago – Milwaukee 329–343 7 daily round trips 882,189 86
Illini and Saluki State-supported Chicago – Carbondale 390–393 2 daily round trips 266,972 310
Illinois Zephyr and Carl Sandburg State-supported Chicago – Quincy 380–383 2 daily round trips 192,616 258
Keystone Service State-supported New York City – Philadelphia – Harrisburg 600–672 13 weekday round trips, 7 weekend round trips 1,575,959 195
Lake Shore Limited Long distance New York City/Boston – Albany – Chicago 48, 49, 448, 449 1 daily round trip 357,682 1,018 (Chicago – Boston)

959 (Chicago – New York)

Lincoln Service State-supported Chicago – St. Louis 300–307 4 daily round trips 627,599 284
Maple Leaf State-supported New York City – Toronto 63, 64 1 daily round trip 390,355 544
Missouri River Runner State-supported St. Louis – Kansas City 311–316 2 daily round trips 154,417 283
Hartford Line State-supported Springfield – New Haven 405–432, 450–497 6 weekday round trips, 4 Saturday round trips, 5 Sunday round trips 362,442 63
Northeast Regional Northeast Corridor
State-supported		 Boston/Springfield – New York City – Washington, D.C. – Norfolk/Newport News/Roanoke 65–67, 71, 82–88, 93–96, 99, 111, 123–196 18 weekday round trips, 15 weekend round trips 8,940,745 664
Pacific Surfliner State-supported San Luis Obispo – Goleta – Los Angeles – San Diego 561–595, 759–796, 1566–1590, 1761, 1767 13 weekday round trips, 12 weekend round trips 2,776,654 350
Palmetto Long distance New York City – Savannah 89, 90 1 daily round trip 345,342 829
Pennsylvanian State-supported New York City – Pittsburgh 42, 43 1 daily round trip 215,081 444
Pere Marquette State-supported Chicago – Grand Rapids 370, 371 1 daily round trip 97,593 176
Piedmont State-supported Raleigh – Charlotte 73–78 3 daily round trips 214,218 173
San Joaquins State-supported Oakland/Sacramento – Bakersfield 701–719, 1701 7 daily round trips 1,071,190 318 (Bakersfield–Oakland)

280 (Bakersfield–Sacramento)

Silver Meteor Long distance New York City – Miami 97, 98 1 daily round trip 353,466 1,389
Silver Star Long distance New York City – Miami 91, 92 1 daily round trip 389,995 1,522
Southwest Chief Long distance Chicago – Los Angeles 3, 4 1 daily round trip 338,180 2,256
Sunset Limited Long distance New Orleans – Los Angeles 1, 2 3 weekly round trips 92,827 1,995
Texas Eagle Long distance Chicago – San Antonio
(through cars to Los Angeles on the Sunset Limited)		 21, 22, 321, 322, 421, 422 1 daily round trip
(3 weekly round trips to Los Angeles)		 321,694 1,306 (Chicago – San Antonio)

2,728 (Chicago – Los Angeles)

Valley Flyer State-supported Greenfield – Springfield – New Haven 400, 461, 471, 478, 488, 494, 495, 499 2 daily round trips – 98
Vermonter Northeast Corridor
State-supported		 St. Albans – Washington, D.C. 55, 56 1 daily round trip 99,280 611
Wolverine State-supported Chicago – Pontiac 350–355 3 daily round trips 501,124 304

Full listing
See also: List of railroads eligible to participate in the formation of Amtrak

This listing included current and discontinued routes operated by Amtrak since May 1, 1971. Some intercity trains were also operated after 1971 by the Alaska Railroad, Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad, Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad, Georgia Railroad, Reading Company, and Southern Railway. The Southern Railway and D&RGW routes were taken over by Amtrak in 1979 and 1983 respectively.

These listings show only changes to train names and endpoint cities. Changes to terminal stations within the same city, as well as route changes that did not modify the endpoint cities, are not shown.

Northeast Corridor

As inherited from Penn Central, most names for Northeast Corridor trains - except for the Metroliner and Clocker - were used for only one one-way or round-trip train. These names were frequently changed from the 1970s to the 1990s. These named trains were consolidated under the NortheastDirect brand in 1995, though individual names appeared on timetables from 1996 to 1999.[3] The Acela Regional brand was used for all-electric service beginning in 2000. Northeast Corridor service, except for the Acela Express, was rebranded Regional in 2003 and finally Northeast Regional in 2008.[3]

This listing shows only trains operated primarily on the Northeast Corridor and the New Haven–Springfield Line, plus extensions of those trains into Virginia. Trains serving endpoints outside these areas are listed separately.

Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Acela Washington, D.C. – New York City December 11, 2000 present
Acela Regional Newport News – Springfield/Boston January 31, 2000 March 16, 2003 Replaced NortheastDirect gradually from January 31, 2000 to September 30, 2001; replaced by Regional
Afternoon Congressional Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Bankers Springfield – Washington, D.C. October 26, 1975 October 28, 1995 Replaced by NortheastDirect
Bay State New York City – Boston May 17, 1971 November 14, 1971 The Bay State traveled via the Inland Route in all iterations
Washington, D.C. – Boston November 14, 1971 October 29, 1972
Philadelphia – Boston October 29, 1972 April 29, 1973
New Haven – Boston April 29, 1973 March 1, 1975
Washington, D.C. – Boston October 20, 1984 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Beacon Hill Boston – New Haven April 30, 1978 October 26, 1979 Replaced Clamdigger
February 3, 1980 October 1, 1981
Benjamin Franklin Philadelphia – Boston February 15, 1977 Replaced Bicentennial
Betsy Ross Washington, D.C. – New York City February 15, 1976 June 14, 1976 Replaced by the Colonial
October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Bicentennial Philadelphia – Boston February 15, 1976 February 14, 1977 Replaced Bunker Hill; replaced by Benjamin Franklin
Big Apple Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 April 26, 1980 Formerly an unnamed Clocker
Harrisburg – New York City April 27, 1980 April 30, 1994 Only weekend trains ran from Harrisburg until October 24, 1981, when weekday service was cut. Merged into Keystone Service.
Bostonian New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
May 19, 1974 April 29, 1978
Bowery Washington, D.C. – New York City
Bunker Hill Philadelphia – Boston November 14, 1971 February 15, 1976 Replaced by Bicentennial
Capitol Washington, D.C. – New York City April 26, 1981
Capitol Hill Washington, D.C. – New York City
Capitol Hill Express
Capitol Sunrise Philadelphia – Washington, D.C.
Central Park Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 April 26, 1980
Charter Oak New York City – Springfield November 14, 1971 October 28, 1972
October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Washington, D.C. – Springfield November 10, 1996 July 9, 1997 Replaced unnamed NortheastDirect train; renamed Colonial
Richmond – Springfield July 10, 1997 October 26, 1997
Chesapeake Washington, D.C. – New York City April 29, 1973 June 11, 1977
Chesapeake Philadelphia – Washington, D.C. April 30, 1978 October 29, 1983 Maryland/Pennsylvania-funded commuter service
Chesapeake New York City – Richmond May 1, 1994 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Clamdigger New Haven – New London May 1, 1971 January 28, 1972
New Haven – Providence September 9, 1976 October 28, 1977
January 8, 1978 April 30, 1978 Replaced by Beacon Hill
Clocker Philadelphia – New York City May 1, 1971 October 27, 1979 Unnamed 1971–1979; carried individual names 1979–1981
October 25, 1981 October 28, 2005
Colonial Washington, D.C. – Boston May 1, 1971 April 28, 1973
Colonial Washington, D.C. – Boston February 15, 1976 June 15, 1976
Newport News – New York City June 15, 1976 February 15, 1977 Replaced Betsy Ross and Mount Vernon. Saturday southbound service originated in Boston.
Newport News – Boston February 15, 1977 October 26, 1992 Replaced by Old Dominion
Richmond – Springfield October 26, 1997 May 15, 1999 Replaced Charter Oak; merged into NortheastDirect
Concord Washington, D.C. – Boston
Congressional Washington, D.C. – New York City November 14, 1971 December 16, 1971
April 30, 1978
Boston – Washington, D.C. October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Connecticut Valley Service Springfield – New Haven May 1, 1971 1986 Name did not appear in timetables until 1980. Renamed as sections of their connecting trains in 1986.
Connecticut Yankee Washington, D.C. – Springfield November 14, 1971 October 29, 1972
Washington, D.C. – New Haven October 29, 1972 April 29, 1973
Philadelphia – Springfield April 29, 1973 June 11, 1977
Washington, D.C. – Springfield October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
East Wind New York City – Boston November 14, 1971 October 28, 1973
Washington, D.C. – Boston October 28, 1973 February 14, 1976
Edison Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Formerly unnamed; renamed Clocker
Embassy Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
October 31, 1976 April 25, 1981
Evening Executive Washington, D.C. – New Haven November 14, 1971 June 10, 1972
Evening Liberty Express Philadelphia – Boston April 30, 1978 October 27, 1979
Evening Metropolitan Washington, D.C. – New York City
Philadelphia – New York City
Executive Sleeper Washington, D.C. – New York City April 27, 1986 August 19, 1994 Washington–New York section of the Night Owl; renamed from Washington Executive
Fairfield
Fast Mail Washington, D.C. – Boston/Springfield October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Federal Washington, D.C. – Boston April 28, 2003 April 26, 2004 Replaced the Twilight Shoreliner; merged into Regional
First State
Flying Yankee New York City – Boston May 19, 1974 April 29, 1978 Replaced Shoreliner
Foggy Bottom Washington, D.C. – New York City
Free State Washington, D.C. – New York City November 14, 1971 October 28, 1973
Garden State Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Formerly unnamed; renamed Clocker
Garden State Special
Georgetown Washington, D.C. – New York City
Gotham Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Gotham Express Boston/Springfield – New York City October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Gotham Limited Newport News – New York City July 10, 1997 May 16, 1999 Renamed from Potomac; merged into NortheastDirect
Herald Square Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Washington, D.C. – New York City October 25, 1981 Replaced Times Square
Independence New York City – Washington, D.C. October 25, 1981
Washington, D.C. – Springfield October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
James River Newport News – Washington, D.C. October 30, 1994 October 28, 1995 Renamed from one Tidewater round trip; merged into NortheastDirect
November 10, 1996 May 16, 1999 Replaced unnamed NortheastDirect train; merged back into NortheastDirect
Jeffersonian New York City – Washington, D.C. October 25, 1981
John Adams Philadelphia – Boston June 12, 1977 April 29, 1978
Keystone Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 April 26, 1980 Formerly an unnamed Clocker
Harrisburg – New York City April 27, 1980 October 24, 1981 Only weekend trains ran from Harrisburg. Renamed Susquehanna
Knickerbocker New York City – Boston May 19, 1974 June 11, 1977
Legislator Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Liberty Bell Philadelphia – New York City
Liberty Express Philadelphia – Boston October 28, 1979
Mail Express
Manhattan New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
August 15, 1973 October 28, 1973 Replaced Manhattan Turbo
Manhattan Express Richmond – New York City September 10, 1995 October 28, 1995 Replaced Old Dominion; merged into NortheastDirect
Manhattan Limited Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Washington, D.C. – New York City October 25, 1981
Manhattan Turbo New York City – Boston October 29, 1972 August 15, 1973 Replaced by Manhattan
Mayflower Washington, D.C. – Boston May 19, 1974 September 12, 1975
October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Merchants Washington, D.C. – Boston November 20, 1977 April 30, 1978 Renamed from and to Merchants Limited
Merchants Limited New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 14, 1971
Washington, D.C. – Boston November 14, 1971 October 28, 1995 Named Merchants (November 20, 1977 – April 30, 1978); merged into NortheastDirect
Metroliner Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 October 27, 2006
Washington, D.C. – New Haven November 14, 1971 October 30, 1977
November 20, 1977 February 22, 1978
October 26, 1981
Downingtown – Washington, D.C. October 29, 1989 October 25, 1991 One southbound trip only
Washington, D.C. – Boston May 2, 2005 October 31, 2005 Temporary replacement for Acela Express service, which was removed due to mechanical defects in the trainsets
Morning Executive Washington, D.C. – New Haven November 14, 1971 June 10, 1972
Metropolitan Washington, D.C. – New York City April 26, 1981
Midday Congressional Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Minute Man Philadelphia – Boston June 12, 1972 April 29, 1973
Washington, D.C. – Boston April 29, 1973 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Morning Liberty Express Philadelphia – Boston April 30, 1978 October 27, 1979
Mount Vernon Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
February 15, 1976 June 14, 1976 Replaced by the Colonial
April 27, 1980
Murray Hill New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Washington, D.C. – New York City October 28, 1973 October 28, 1978
Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Narragansett New York City – Boston November 14, 1971 October 27, 1973
Philadelphia – Boston February 15, 1976 June 11, 1976
New England Express Richmond – Boston April 2, 1995 October 28, 1995 Replaced Old Dominion and Virginian; merged into NortheastDirect
New England Metroliner New York City – Boston October 31, 1982 April 28, 1984
New England Zip
New Englander Philadelphia – Boston May 19, 1974 October 25, 1975
Hartford Line New Haven – Springfield October 28, 1995 present Renamed from sections of connecting trains. Usually branded under NortheastDirect until September 30, 2001 timetable.
New Jerseyan
New York Executive
New Yorker New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Washington, D.C. – New York City April 29, 1973 October 31, 1976
Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Washington, D.C. – New York City October 25, 1981
Nightcap Washington, D.C. – New York City November 14, 1971 June 10, 1972
October 28, 1973 February 14, 1976
Night Owl Washington, D.C. – Boston June 12, 1972 July 10, 1997 Replaced by Twilight Shoreliner
NortheastDirect Newport News – Springfield/Boston October 28, 1995 September 29, 2001 Replaced numerous named trains; names were restored from 1996 to 1999 under the NortheastDirect brand. Gradually replaced by Acela Regional from January 31, 2000 to September 30, 2001.
Northeast Regional Newport News – Springfield/Boston June 23, 2008 September 30, 2009 Renamed from Regional
Lynchburg/​Newport News – Springfield/​Boston October 1, 2009 December 11, 2012
Lynchburg/​Newport News/​Norfolk – Springfield/​Boston December 12, 2012 October 30, 2017
Newport News/​Norfolk/​Roanoke – Springfield/​Boston October 31, 2017 present
Nutmeg State Washington, D.C. – Springfield October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Old Dominion Newport News – New York City October 25, 1992 April 2, 1995 Replaced Colonial; replaced by New England Express
Richmond – New York City April 2, 1995 September 2, 1995 Replaced by Manhattan Express
Richmond – Springfield September 2, 1995 October 28, 1995 Replaced a New England Express frequency; merged into NortheastDirect
Newport News – Boston November 10, 1996 May 16, 1999 Replaced an unnamed NortheastDirect train; merged back into NortheastDirect
Patriot Washington, D.C. – Boston May 1, 1971 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Philadelphian Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Previously unnamed; renamed Clocker
Pilgrim Philadelphia – Boston October 28, 1973 February 15, 1976
New York City – Boston February 15, 1976 April 29, 1978
Potomac Washington, D.C. – Boston October 25, 1981 April 27, 1985
Newport News – New York City April 28, 1985 September 17, 1988
Washington, D.C. – Springfield September 18, 1988
President Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Quaker Philadelphia – Boston October 28, 1973 May 18, 1974
Quaker City Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Regional Newport News – Springfield/Boston March 17, 2003 June 22, 2008 Renamed from Acela Regional; renamed Northeast Regional
Representative Washington, D.C. – New York City May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Rittenhouse Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Schuylkill Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 April 26, 1980
Senator Washington, D.C. – Boston May 1, 1971 October 24, 1981 From May 1, 1977 to July 30, 1978, Sunday service ran from Newport News to replace the Colonial
October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Shoreliner New York City – Boston January 6, 1974 May 19, 1974 Replaced by Flying Yankee
October 28, 1979
Statesman Washington, D.C. – Boston October 28, 1973 February 14, 1977
Sundown Washington, D.C. – Boston October 28, 1973 February 14, 1976
New York City – Boston February 15, 1976 April 26, 1978
Tidewater Newport News – New York City July 30, 1978 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Richmond – New York City November 10, 1996 May 10, 1999 Replaced unnamed NortheastDirect train. A southbound trip ran to Newport News until July 10, 1997. Merged back into NortheastDirect.
Tidewater Express Boston – Newport News September 10, 1995 October 28, 1995 Replaced northbound New England Express; merged into NortheastDirect
Times Square Washington, D.C. – New York City April 26, 1981 October 24, 1981 Replaced by Herald Square
Turbo Providence – Boston October 29, 1972 April 28, 1973
Turboservice New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
Turbo Yankee Clipper New York City – Boston November 14, 1971 October 29, 1972 Renamed Yankee Clipper Turbo
Turbo York Clipper New York City – Boston November 14, 1971 January 16, 1972 Renamed Turbo Yankee Clipper
Twilight Shoreliner Newport News – Boston July 10, 1997 April 28, 2003 Replaced the Night Owl, replaced by the Federal
Valley Forge Philadelphia – Boston November 14, 1971 June 12, 1972
Washington, D.C. – Boston June 12, 1972 April 29, 1973
Philadelphia – New Haven April 29, 1973 October 29, 1973
Harrisburg – New York City October 29, 1973 March 30, 1990 Renamed Keystone State Express
Boston – Harrisburg May 19, 1974 October 25, 1975 Additional weekend-only service
Verrazano Washington, D.C. – New York City October 25, 1981 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Virginian Richmond – New York City October 28, 1984 April 2, 1995 Renamed as Chesapeake southbound and New England Express northbound
November 10, 1996 May 16, 1999 Replaced unnamed NortheastDirect train; merged back into NortheastDirect. Friday southbound trip ran to Newport News.
Wall Street Washington, D.C. – New York City
Washington Executive Washington, D.C. – New York City October 28, 1984 April 26, 1986 Washington–New York section of the Night Owl; renamed Executive Sleeper
Washington Express Washington, D.C. – New York City October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Weekend Metroliner Washington, D.C. – New York City
William Penn Philadelphia – New York City October 28, 1979 October 24, 1981 Renamed Clocker
Yankee Clipper New York City – Boston May 1, 1971 November 13, 1971
August 15, 1973 February 15, 1976
New York City – Providence February 15, 1976 September 9, 1976
Washington, D.C. – Boston October 28, 1979 October 28, 1995 Merged into NortheastDirect
Yankee Clipper Turbo New York City – Boston October 29, 1972 August 14, 1973 Renamed from Turbo Yankee Clipper

Empire Corridor

Trains operating over the Empire Corridor (the former New York Central Railroad Water Level Route) are now collectively known as the Empire Service. The name was used by the New York Central beginning in 1967, but dropped by Amtrak in 1971.[4] Amtrak restored the Empire Service brand with the June 11, 1972 timetable, and added individual train names on the May 19, 1974 timetable.[5][6] As was done on the Northeast Corridor with NortheastDirect, individual train names for New York-Albany and New York-Niagara Falls service were dropped on October 28, 1995 and replaced with Empire.[7] The individual names were re-added in November 1996, but dropped in favor of Empire Service in May 1999.[8][9]

Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Adirondack New York City – Montreal August 6, 1974 (1974-08-06) April 1, 1995 Joint operation with Empire State Express/DeWitt Clinton until April 1975[10]
Washington, D.C. – Montreal April 2, 1995 April 13, 1996 [11]
New York City – Montreal April 14, 1996 present
Bear Mountain New York City – Albany February 15, 1977 April 29, 1978
August 3, 1980 October 25, 1980
April 26, 1981 Renamed from Henry Hudson
Capital City Express
Catskill New York City – Albany
Cayuga New York City – Buffalo
Central Park New York City – Albany
DeWitt Clinton New York City – Albany May 19, 1974 April 25, 1981 Previously unnamed; replaced by Rip Van Winkle
Electric City Express New York City – Schenectady April 26, 1981 Replaced Salt City Express
Empire Service New York City – Buffalo May 1, 1971 May 18, 1974 Inherited from PC Empire Service; unnamed until June 11, 1972. Individual names applied on May 19, 1974.
New York City – Niagara Falls October 28, 1995 present Merged from various individual train names. Individual names restored under the Empire Service brand from November 1996 to May 1999.
Empire State Express New York City – Buffalo May 19, 1974 October 30, 1974 Previously unnamed
New York City – Detroit October 31, 1974 April 24, 1976 Renamed Niagara Rainbow
New York City – Buffalo January 8, 1978 October 28, 1978 Renamed from Water Level Express
New York City – Niagara Falls October 29, 1978
Ethan Allen Express New York City – Rutland December 2, 1996 (1996-12-02) present [12]
Half Moon New York City – Albany
Hendrick Hudson New York City – Albany
Henry Hudson New York City – Albany May 19, 1974 April 25, 1981 Previously unnamed; renamed Bear Mountain
Hudson Highlander New York City – Albany April 26, 1981 Replaced Washington Irving
Hudson River Express[13] New York City – Albany
Hudson Valley Express New York City – Schenectady
Hudson Valley Service New York City – Albany
Knickerbocker New York City – Albany
Lake Shore New York City – Chicago May 10, 1971 (1971-05-10) January 6, 1972 (1972-01-06) Unnamed until November 14, 1971.[14]
Lake Shore Limited New York City/Boston – Chicago October 31, 1975 (1975-10-31) present [15]
Maple Leaf New York City – Toronto April 26, 1981 present
Mohawk New York City – Niagara Falls April 26, 1981
New York City – Syracuse
Niagara Rainbow New York City – Detroit April 25, 1976 January 30, 1979 Renamed from Empire State Express
New York City – Niagara Falls January 31, 1979
New York City – Toronto June 1994 September 10, 1995 Once-weekly additional frequency of the Maple Leaf
Nieuw Amsterdam New York City – Albany
Oneida New York City – Syracuse
Palisades New York City – Albany
Patroon New York City – Albany
Rip Van Winkle[13] New York City – Albany April 26, 1981
Salt City Express New York City – Syracuse May 19, 1974 April 25, 1981 Previously unnamed; replaced by Electric City Express
Saratogian[16] New York City – Saratoga Springs
Sleepy Hollow New York City – Albany
Spa Express New York City – Saratoga Springs
Spuyten Duyvil New York City – Albany
Storm King New York City – Albany April 26, 1981
New York City – Schenectady
Washington Irving New York City – Albany November 15, 1974 January 31, 1981
New York City – Schenectady February 1, 1981 April 25, 1981 Replaced by Hudson Highlander
Water Level Express New York City – Buffalo May 19, 1974 January 7, 1978 Previously unnamed; renamed Empire State Express
New York City – Niagara Falls
Unnamed (#483/484) Albany – Schenectady February 1, 1981 April 25, 1981 Equipment positioning moves for the Washington Irving

Keystone Corridor

Trains providing local intercity service on the Philadelphia to Harrisburg Main Line (the former Pennsylvania Railroad main line) to Harrisburg are now collectively known as the Keystone Service, a name originally introduced in 1981. From 1990 to 2006, individual trains were listed in timetables as Keystone, a name also applied to two different trains in 1971–72 and 1979–81. This table includes only trains that did not operate west of Harrisburg.

Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Atlantic City Express Atlantic City – Harrisburg April 7, 1991 April 1, 1995 One of three branches of the service
Big Apple New York City – Harrisburg April 27, 1980 April 30, 1994 Weekend-only extension of a Clocker; merged into Keystone Service
Keystone New York City – Harrisburg April 27, 1980 October 24, 1981 Weekend-only extension of a Clocker; renamed Susquehanna
Keystone Executive Philadelphia – Harrisburg April 24, 1983 1986 Replaced a Keystone Service train; discontinued during cuts to corridor service
Keystone Service Philadelphia – Harrisburg October 25, 1981 October 29, 1994 Renamed from Silverliner Service; some trains extended to New York beginning in 1994
New York City – Harrisburg October 30, 1994 Present
Keystone State Express New York City – Harrisburg April 1, 1990 Mid-1990s Replaced Valley Forge; merged into Keystone Service
Metroliner Downingtown – Washington, D.C. April 1, 1990 October 26, 1991 A single one-way trip, #201, was the only Metroliner service ever operated off the Northeast Corridor
Silverliner Service Philadelphia (Suburban) – Harrisburg October 29, 1972 October 24, 1981 Replaced unnamed Penn Central 600-series trains; renamed Keystone Service
Susquehanna New York City – Harrisburg October 25, 1981 October 29, 1994 Replaced Keystone; merged into Keystone Service
Valley Forge New York City – Harrisburg October 28, 1973 March 30, 1990 Renamed Keystone State Express
Boston – Harrisburg May 19, 1974 October 25, 1975 Additional weekend-only service

This listing includes trains operating over the full length of the Keystone Corridor to Pittsburgh. Some trains have offered connections at 30th Street Station while others only stopped at North Philadelphia; most have not offered local service east of Harrisburg. Since 2005, the Pennsylvanian is the only train to operate between Harrisburg and Pittsburgh.

Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Broadway Limited Chicago – New York City May 1, 1971 September 9, 1995 Inherited from PC Broadway Limited; replaced by the Three Rivers
Duquesne Pittsburgh – New York City May 1, 1971 November 14, 1971 Inherited from PC Duquesne; renamed Keystone
Fort Pitt Pittsburgh – Altoona April 26, 1981 January 30, 1983
Keystone Pittsburgh – New York City November 14, 1971 April 29, 1972 Renamed from Duquesne[17]
National Limited Kansas City – New York City July 12, 1971 October 1, 1979 Renamed from Spirit of St. Louis
Pennsylvanian Pittsburgh – Philadelphia April 27, 1980 October 29, 1983
Pittsburgh – New York City October 30, 1983 November 6, 1998
Chicago – New York City November 7, 1998 January 26, 2003
Pittsburgh – New York City January 27, 2003 October 31, 2004 Merged with Three Rivers
March 8, 2005 Present Replaced Three Rivers
Spirit of St. Louis Kansas City – New York City May 1, 1971 July 11, 1971 Inherited from the PC//MP Spirit of St. Louis; renamed National Limited
Three Rivers Chicago – New York City September 10, 1995 March 7, 2005 Replaced the Broadway Limited; replaced by Pennsylvanian

Northeast

These routes operated in the Northeastern United States. Empire Corridor, Keystone Corridor, and Northeast Corridor routes are not included in this table.

Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Atlantic City Express Washington, D.C. – Atlantic City May 21, 1989 (1989-05-21) April 1, 1995 (1995-04-01) Replaced by the New Jersey Transit Atlantic City Line[18]
New York City–Atlantic City
Cape Codder New York City – Hyannis May 3, 1986 (1986-05-03) September 29, 1996 (1996-09-29) Seasonal service[19][20]
Downeaster Boston – Portland December 15, 2001 (2001-12-15) November 1, 2012 (2012-11-01)
Boston – Brunswick November 1, 2012 (2012-11-01) present [21]
Montrealer Washington, D.C. – Montreal September 29, 1972 April 6, 1987
July 18, 1989 April 1, 1995 Replaced by the Vermonter
Vermonter Washington, D.C. – St. Albans April 2, 1995 present Replaced the Montrealer
Washingtonian Washington, D.C. – Montreal September 29, 1972 May 19, 1974 Name given to southbound Montrealer[22]

South
Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Auto Train Lorton – Sanford October 30, 1983 (1983-10-30) present
Carolina Coast New York City – Savannah June 11, 1972 (1972-06-11) September 10, 1972 (1972-09-10) [23]
Carolina Special New York City – Jacksonville June 15, 1973 (1973-06-15) September 3, 1973 (1973-09-03) [23]
Carolinian New York City – Charlotte October 28, 1984 (1984-10-28) September 1, 1985 (1985-09-01) Section of Palmetto, split in Richmond
May 12, 1990 (1990-05-12) present Section of Palmetto splitting in Rocky Mount until 1991
Champion New York City – St. Petersburg May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) October 1, 1979 (1979-10-01) Inherited from the PC/RF&P/SCL Champion. Consolidated with the Silver Meteor.[24]
Crescent New York City – New Orleans February 1, 1979 (1979-02-01) present Conveyed from the Southern Railway's Southern Crescent.
Florida Special New York City – Miami December 17, 1971 (1971-12-17) April 14, 1972 (1972-04-14) Replaced by the Vacationer for the 1972–1973 season.[25]
Floridian Chicago – Miami/St. Petersburg November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) October 7, 1979 (1979-10-07) Replaced the South Wind
Gulf Breeze New York City – Mobile October 27, 1989 (1989-10-27) April 1, 1995 (1995-04-01) Through operation with the Crescent.[26][27]
Gulf Coast Limited New Orleans – Mobile April 29, 1984 (1984-04-29) January 6, 1985 (1985-01-06) [28][29]
June 28, 1996 (1996-06-28) March 31, 1997 (1997-03-31) [30][31]
Meteor Boston – Miami/St. Petersburg June 11, 1972 (1972-06-11) September 10, 1972 (1972-09-10) Champion.[32]
Miamian New York City – Miami December 15, 1974 (1974-12-15) January 10, 1975 (1975-01-10) Replaced the Vacationer.[25]
Palmetto New York City – Savannah June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15) December 1988 (1988-12) [33][34]
New York City – Jacksonville December 1988 (1988-12) October 1994 (1994-10)
New York City – Tampa October 1994 (1994-10) February 1, 1995 (1995-02-01) Replaced the Silver Meteor's Tampa section.[35][36]
New York City – Miami May 1, 2002 (2002-05-01) November 1, 2004 (2004-11-01) Renamed from the Silver Palm.
New York City – Savannah November 1, 2004 (2004-11-01) present
Piedmont Raleigh – Charlotte May 25, 1995 (1995-05-25) present [37]
Silver Meteor New York City – Miami May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) June 11, 1972 (1972-06-11) Inherited from the PC/RF&P/SCL Silver Meteor. Renamed Meteor.[32]
September 10, 1972 (1972-09-10) present Renamed from the Meteor.[32]
Silver Palm Miami – Tampa November 21, 1982 (1982-11-21) April 30, 1985 (1985-04-30) [38][39]
Silver Palm New York City – Miami November 10, 1996 (1996-11-10) May 1, 2002 (2002-05-01) Renamed the Palmetto
Silver Star New York City – Miami May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) present Inherited from the PC/RF&P/SCL Silver Star.
South Wind Chicago – Miami/St. Petersburg May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from the PC/L&N/SCL South Wind; replaced by the Floridian[40]
Vacationer New York City – Miami December 15, 1972 (1972-12-15) April 27, 1974 (1974-04-27) Seasonal operation; replaced the Florida Special. Replaced by the Miamian for the 1974 – 1975 season.[25]

Northeast – Midwest

These routes operated from the Northeast to the Midwest. Routes that ran via the Empire Corridor or Keystone Corridor are also listed in those tables.

Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Blue Ridge Washington, D.C. – Cumberland May 7, 1973 (1973-05-07) October 30, 1976 (1976-10-30) Curtailed from the Potomac Special; merged into MARC Brunswick Line.[41][42]
Washington, D.C. – Martinsburg October 31, 1976 (1976-10-31) 1986 (1986)
Broadway Limited New York City – Chicago May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) September 10, 1995 (1995-09-10) Inherited from the PC Broadway Limited; replaced by the Three Rivers[43]
Capitol Limited Washington, D.C. – Chicago October 1, 1981 (1981-10-01) present [44]
Cardinal Washington, D.C. – Chicago October 30, 1977 (1977-10-30) April 25, 1981 (1981-04-25) Renamed from the James Whitcomb Riley.[45]
New York City – Chicago April 26, 1981 (1981-04-26) September 30, 1981 (1981-09-30) [45]
January 8, 1982 (1982-01-08) present [46]
Empire State Express New York City – Detroit October 31, 1974 (1974-10-31) April 25, 1976 (1976-04-25) Previously an Empire Corridor service; renamed the Niagara Rainbow.[47]
George Washington Washington, D.C./Newport News – Cincinnati May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from C&O George Washington; merged with the James Whitcomb Riley
Washington, D.C./Newport News – Chicago November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) May 19, 1974 (1974-05-19) Eastbound service only - westbound train named James Whitcomb Riley.[48]
Hilltopper Washington, D.C. – Catlettsburg May 31, 1977 (1977-05-31) January 8, 1978 (1978-01-08) Replaced the Mountaineer.[45]
Boston – Catlettsburg January 8, 1978 (1978-01-08) October 1, 1979 (1979-10-01) Combined with the Night Owl[45]
James Whitcomb Riley Cincinnati – Chicago May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from the PC James Whitcomb Riley; merged with the George Washington
Washington, D.C./Newport News – Chicago November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) June 14, 1976 (1976-06-14) Eastbound service retained the George Washington name until May 19, 1974.[49] Newport News section replaced by the Colonial.
Washington, D.C. – Chicago June 14, 1976 (1976-06-14) October 30, 1977 (1977-10-30) Renamed Cardinal.[50]
Lake Shore New York City – Chicago May 10, 1971 (1971-05-10) January 6, 1972 (1972-01-06) Unnamed until November 14, 1971.[14]
Lake Shore Limited New York City/Boston – Chicago October 31, 1975 (1975-10-31) present [15]
Mountaineer Norfolk – Chicago March 25, 1975 (1975-03-25) May 31, 1977 (1977-05-31) Replaced by the Hilltopper.[51]
National Limited New York City/Washington, D.C. – Kansas City November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) October 1, 1979 (1979-10-01) Renamed from Spirit of St. Louis.[52][53]
Niagara Rainbow New York City – Detroit April 25, 1976 (1976-04-25) January 30, 1979 (1979-01-30) Renamed from the Empire State Express; cut back as an Empire Corridor train post-1979.[54]
Pennsylvanian Pittsburgh – Philadelphia April 27, 1980 October 29, 1983
Pittsburgh – New York City October 30, 1983 November 6, 1998
Chicago – New York City November 7, 1998 January 26, 2003
Pittsburgh – New York City January 27, 2003 October 31, 2004 Merged with Three Rivers
March 8, 2005 present Replaced Three Rivers
Potomac Special Washington, D.C. – Parkersburg May 14, 1972 (1972-05-14) May 6, 1973 (1973-05-06) Renamed from the Potomac Turbo; renamed the Blue Ridge.[41]
Potomac Turbo Washington, D.C. – Parkersburg February 7, 1972 (1972-02-07) May 14, 1972 (1972-05-14) Renamed from the West Virginian; renamed the Potomac Special.[41]
Shenandoah Washington, D.C. – Cincinnati October 31, 1976 (1976-10-31) September 30, 1981 (1981-09-30) [55]
Skyline Connection Philadelphia – Chicago — — Never implemented but was listed in the Spring 2000 national timetable.[56]
Spirit of St. Louis New York City/Washington, D.C. – Kansas City May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from PC/MP Spirit of St. Louis; renamed National Limited[53]
Three Rivers New York City – Pittsburgh September 11, 1995 (1995-09-11) November 9, 1996 (1996-11-09) Replaced the Broadway Limited.[57]
New York City – Chicago November 10, 1996 (1996-11-10) March 7, 2005 (2005-03-07) [58]
West Virginian Washington, D.C. – Parkersburg September 8, 1971 (1971-09-08) February 7, 1972 (1972-02-07) Renamed the Potomac Turbo.[41]

Midwest
Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Abraham Lincoln Chicago – St. Louis May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from GM&O Abraham Lincoln[59]
Milwaukee – St. Louis November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) September 30, 1973 (1973-09-30) Replaced by Turboliner[60]
Chicago – St. Louis October 26, 1975 (1975-10-26) January 8, 1978 (1978-01-08) Replaced one Turboliner round trip; replaced by the Ann Rutledge.[60]
Ann Rutledge Chicago – St. Louis February 15, 1976 (1976-02-15) October 30, 1976 (1976-10-30) Replaced Turboliner; replaced by an extension of the Inter-American.[60]
Chicago – Kansas City January 8, 1978 (1978-01-08) October 29, 2006 (2006-10-29) Replaced Abraham Lincoln; St. Louis–Chicago portion replaced by Lincoln Service
St. Louis – Kansas City October 30, 2006 (2006-10-30) January 28, 2009 (2009-01-28) Renamed Missouri River Runner.[60][61]
Arrowhead Minneapolis – Superior April 16, 1975 (1975-04-16) February 15, 1977 (1977-02-15) [60]
Minneapolis – Duluth February 15, 1977 (1977-02-15) April 30, 1978 (1978-04-30) Replaced by the North Star
Badger Chicago – Milwaukee October 28, 1984 (1984-10-28) October 29, 1989 (1989-10-29) Renamed Hiawatha Service.[62]
Black Hawk Chicago – Dubuque February 14, 1974 (1974-02-14) September 30, 1981 (1981-09-30) [63]
Blue Water Chicago – Port Huron September 15, 1974 (1974-09-15) October 26, 1975 (1975-10-26) Renamed Blue Water Limited.[64]
April 25, 2004 (2004-04-25) present Replaced the International Limited.[65]
Blue Water Limited Chicago – Port Huron October 26, 1975 (1975-10-26) June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15) Replaced the Blue Water; replaced by Turboliner.[66]
October 31, 1976 (1976-10-31) October 31, 1982 (1982-10-31) Replaced Turboliner; replaced by the International Limited.[64][66]
Calumet Chicago – Valparaiso October 29, 1979 (1979-10-29) May 3, 1991 (1991-05-03) Inherited from Conrail commuter service; unnamed until August 3, 1980.[67]
Campus Chicago – Champaign November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) March 5, 1972 (1972-03-05) [68]
Carl Sandburg Chicago – Quincy October 30, 2006 (2006-10-30) present [69]
City of New Orleans Chicago – New Orleans May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from the IC City of New Orleans; replaced by the Panama Limited.[70]
February 1, 1981 (1981-02-01) present Renamed from the Panama Limited.[71]
Eagle Chicago – San Antonio October 2, 1981 (1981-10-02) November 14, 1988 (1988-11-14) Replaced the Inter-American; renamed Texas Eagle.[72]
Chicago – St. Louis November 15, 1988 (1988-11-15) January 20, 1990 (1990-01-20) [72]
Encore Chicago – Milwaukee October 28, 1984 (1984-10-28) April 28, 1985 (1985-04-28) [62]
Heartland Flyer Oklahoma City – Fort Worth June 15, 1999 (1999-06-15) present [73]
Hiawatha Chicago – Minneapolis November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) January 16, 1972 (1972-01-16) Renamed Twin Cities Hiawatha.[74]
October 29, 1972 (1972-10-29) May 19, 1974 (1974-05-19) Replaced by the North Coast Hiawatha.[74]
Hiawatha Service Chicago – Milwaukee May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15) Inherited from MILW Milwaukee Express; unnamed until October 29, 1972. Replaced by Turboliner.[62][72]
October 29, 1989 (1989-10-29) present Renamed from the Badger, LaSalle, Nicollet and Radisson.[62]
Hoosier State Chicago – Indianapolis October 1, 1980 (1980-10-01) September 8, 1995 (1995-09-08) [75][76]
July 19, 1998 (1998-07-19) December 17, 1999 (1999-12-17) Replaced by the Kentucky Cardinal.[76]
July 6, 2003 (2003-07-06) June 30, 2019 (2019-06-30) Replaced the Kentucky Cardinal.[77]
Illini Chicago – Champaign November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) March 3, 1972 (1972-03-03) [68]
December 19, 1973 (1973-12-19) July 1, 1981 (1981-07-01) [78]
Chicago – Decatur July 2, 1981 (1981-07-02) July 9, 1983 (1983-07-09)
Chicago – Champaign July 10, 1983 (1983-07-10) January 11, 1986 (1986-01-11)
Chicago – Carbondale January 12, 1986 (1986-01-12) present Replaced the Shawnee.[79]
Illinois Zephyr Chicago – West Quincy November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) April 30, 1994 (1994-04-30) [80]
Chicago – Quincy May 1, 1994 (1994-05-01) present
Indiana Connection Chicago – Valparaiso October 29, 1979 (1979-10-29) January 10, 1986 (1986-01-10) Inherited from Conrail commuter service; unnamed until August 3, 1980.[67]
Inter-American Chicago – Laredo January 28, 1973 (1973-01-28) October 2, 1981 (1981-10-02) Renamed Eagle
International Chicago – Toronto June 13, 1983 (1983-06-13) April 25, 2004 (2004-04-25) Renamed from International Limited; replaced by the Blue Water
International Chicago – Toronto October 31, 1982 (1982-10-31) June 13, 1983 (1983-06-13) Replaced the 'Blue Water Limited; renamed International
Kansas City Mule St. Louis – Kansas City October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) April 1, 1995 (1995-04-01)
July 1, 1995 (1995-07-01) January 27, 2009 (2009-01-27) Replaced by Missouri River Runner
Kentucky Cardinal Chicago – Louisville December 17, 1999 (1999-12-17) July 5, 2003 (2003-07-05) Replaced and replaced by the Hoosier State.[77]
Lake Cities Chicago – Toledo August 3, 1980 (1980-08-03) April 1, 1995 (1995-04-01) Renamed from St. Clair[81]
Chicago – Pontiac April 2, 1995 (1995-04-02) April 28, 2001 (2001-04-28)
Chicago – Detroit April 29, 2001 (2001-04-29) April 28, 2002 (2002-04-28)
Chicago – Pontiac April 29, 2002 (2002-04-29) April 25, 2004 (2004-04-25) Renamed Wolverine
Lake Country Limited Chicago – Janesville June 15, 2000 (2000-06-15) September 22, 2001 (2001-09-22)
LaSalle Chicago – Milwaukee October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) October 29, 1989 (1989-10-29) Replaced Turboliner; replaced by Hiawatha Service
Limited Chicago – St. Louis May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) Inherited from the GM&O Limited; replaced by the Prairie State
Lincoln Service Chicago – St. Louis October 30, 2006 (2006-10-30) present Replaced the State House and the St. Louis– portion of the Ann Rutledge
Lone Star Chicago – Houston May 19, 1974 (1974-05-19) October 8, 1979 (1979-10-08) Renamed from Texas Chief[82]
Loop Chicago – Springfield April 27, 1986 (1986-04-27) June 30, 1996 (1996-06-30) [83]
Marquette Chicago – Milwaukee October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) October 28, 1984 (1984-10-28) Replaced Turboliner; renamed Nicolette and Radisson
Michigan Executive Detroit – Jackson January 20, 1975 (1975-01-20) June 13, 1982 (1982-06-13) Inherited from PC commuter service[84]
Detroit – Ann Arbor June 14, 1982 (1982-06-14) January 13, 1984 (1984-01-13)
Missouri River Runner St. Louis – Kansas City January 28, 2009 (2009-01-28) present Renamed from the Ann Rutledge, Kansas City Mule, and St. Louis Mule
Nicollet Chicago – Milwaukee October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) October 29, 1989 (1989-10-29) Replaced Turboliner; replaced by Hiawatha Service
North Star Chicago – Duluth April 30, 1978 (1978-04-30) April 7, 1985 (1985-04-07) Renamed from the Arrowhead
Panama Limited Chicago – New Orleans November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) February 1, 1981 (1981-02-01) Renamed from and renamed City of New Orleans
Pere Marquette Chicago – Grand Rapids August 4, 1984 (1984-08-04) present
Prairie Marksman Chicago – East Peoria August 10, 1980 (1980-08-10) October 4, 1981 (1981-10-04) [85][86]
Prairie State Milwaukee – St. Louis November 14, 1971 (1971-11-14) October 1, 1973 (1973-10-01) Replaced the Limited; replaced by Turboliner
Radisson Chicago – Milwaukee October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) October 29, 1989 (1989-10-29) Replaced Turboliner; replaced by Hiawatha Service
River Cities Kansas City – New Orleans April 29, 1984 (1984-04-29) November 4, 1993 (1993-11-04)
Saluki Chicago – Carbondale October 30, 2006 (2006-10-30) present
St. Clair Chicago – Detroit May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) May 10, 1975 (1975-05-10) Inherited from PC Twilight Limited/Michigan; replaced by Turboliner
June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15) August 2, 1980 (1980-08-02) Replaced Turboliner; replaced by Lake Cities
St. Louis Mule St. Louis – Kansas City October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) April 1, 1995 (1995-04-01)
July 1, 1995 (1995-07-01) January 27, 2009 (2009-01-27) Replaced by Missouri River Runner
Shawnee Chicago – Carbondale May 1, 1986 (1986-05-01) January 11, 1986 (1986-01-11) Inherited from IC Shawnee; replaced by Illini
State House Chicago – St. Louis October 1, 1973 (1973-10-01) October 30, 2006 (2006-10-30) Renamed Lincoln Service
Texas Chief Chicago – Houston May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) May 18, 1974 (1974-05-18) Inherited from ATSF Texas Chief; renamed Lone Star[87]
Texas Eagle Chicago – San Antonio November 15, 1988 (1988-11-15) present Renamed from the Eagle
Turboliner Chicago – St. Louis October 1, 1973 (1973-10-01) February 15, 1976 (1976-02-15) Replaced Abraham Lincoln and Prairie State; replaced by Abraham Lincoln and Ann Rutledge
Chicago – Detroit May 10, 1975 (1975-05-10) October 31, 1976 (1976-10-31) Replaced and replaced by Wolverine and St. Clair
Chicago – Milwaukee October 26, 1975 (1975-10-26) October 26, 1980 (1980-10-26) Replaced Hiawatha Service; replaced by LaSalle, Marquette, Nicollet and Radisson
Milwaukee – Detroit October 26, 1975 (1975-10-26) June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15)
Chicago – Port Huron June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15) October 31, 1976 (1976-10-31) Replaced and replaced by Blue Water Limited
Twilight Limited Chicago – Detroit October 31, 1976 (1976-10-31) May 4, 1994 (1994-05-04) Renamed from St. Clair
Chicago – Pontiac May 5, 1994 (1994-05-05) May 20, 2000 (2000-05-20)
Chicago – Detroit May 21, 2000 (2000-05-21) August 30, 2000 (2000-08-30)
Chicago – Pontiac August 31, 2000 (2000-08-31) April 28, 2002 (2002-04-28)
Chicago – Detroit April 29, 2002 (2002-04-29) April 27, 2003 (2003-04-27)
Chicago – Pontiac April 28, 2003 (2003-04-28) April 25, 2004 (2004-04-25) Merged into Wolverine
Twin Cities Hiawatha Chicago – Minneapolis January 16, 1972 (1972-01-16) June 12, 1972 (1972-06-12) Replaced Hiawatha; replaced by North Coast Hiawatha
September 8, 1977 (1977-09-08) April 30, 1978 (1978-04-30) Replaced by North Star
Wolverine Chicago – Detroit May 1, 1971 (1971-05-01) May 10, 1975 (1975-05-10) Inherited from PC Wolverine; unnamed until November 14, 1971. Replaced by Turboliner
June 15, 1976 (1976-06-15) May 4, 1994 (1994-05-04) Replaced Turboliner
Chicago – Pontiac May 5, 1994 (1994-05-05) present
Weekender Chicago – St. Louis October 1, 1973 (1973-10-01) May 19, 1974 (1974-05-19) Replaced Abraham Lincoln and Prairie State; replaced by Turboliner

Midwest–West
Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
California Zephyr Chicago – Oakland May 1, 1971 November 14, 1971 Unnamed after July 12, 1971; renamed City of San Francisco
July 16, 1983 October 26, 1997 Replaced the San Francisco Zephyr. Temporarily cut to Emeryville from August 5, 1994 to May 12, 1995[88]
Chicago – Emeryville October 26, 1997 present
Chief Chicago – Los Angeles June 11, 1972 September 10, 1972
City of San Francisco Chicago – Oakland November 14, 1971 June 10, 1972 Renamed from California Zephyr; renamed San Francisco Zephyr
Denver Zephyr Chicago – Denver May 1, 1971 June 10, 1973 Inherited from BN Denver Zephyr. Replaced by the San Francisco Zephyr being made daily from June 11–September 10, 1972, and from June 10, 1973 onward.
Empire Builder Chicago – Seattle May 1, 1971 October 24, 1981 Inherited from BN Empire Builder
Chicago – Portland/Seattle October 25, 1981 present
National Chief Washington, D.C. – Los Angeles — — Announced in 1996 as a through train combining the Southwest Chief and Capitol Limited, but never implemented
North Coast Hiawatha Chicago – Seattle June 5, 1971 October 7, 1979 Inherited from BN North Coast Limited; unnamed until November 14, 1971
San Francisco Zephyr Chicago – Oakland June 11, 1972 July 15, 1983 Renamed from City of San Francisco; replaced by the California Zephyr
Southwest Chief Chicago – Los Angeles October 28, 1984 present Renamed from Southwest Limited
Southwest Limited Chicago – Los Angeles May 19, 1974 October 28, 1984 Renamed from Super Chief; renamed Southwest Chief
Sunset Limited New Orleans – Los Angeles May 1, 1971 April 4, 1993 Inherited from SP Sunset Limited, extended to Miami
Miami – Los Angeles April 4, 1993 November 10, 1996 Truncated to Sanford
Sanford - Los Angeles November 10, 1996 October 26, 1997 Extended to Orlando
Orlando - Los Angeles October 26, 1997 August 29, 2005 Truncated to San Antonio due to Hurricane Katrina
San Antonio - Los Angeles August 29, 2005 October 26, 2005 Extended to New Orleans
New Orleans - Los Angeles October 26, 2005 present Service east of New Orleans suspended after Hurricane Katrina
Super Chief Chicago – Los Angeles April 19, 1973 May 19, 1974 Renamed from Super Chief/El Capitan; renamed Southwest Limited
Super Chief/El Capitan Chicago – Los Angeles May 1, 1971 April 19, 1973 Inherited from ATSF Super Chief/El Capitan; renamed Super Chief

West
Name Route Service began Service ended Notes
Amtrak Cascades Vancouver – Eugene May 17, 1998 present Replaced Cascadia, Mount Adams and Mount Baker International. Name did not appear until the October 29, 1998 timetable, and service formally began on January 12, 1999 with the introduction of new equipment.
Capitols Roseville – San Jose December 11, 1991 January 25, 1998
Colfax – San Jose January 26, 1998 February 26, 2000
Auburn – San Jose February 27, 2000 April 28, 2001 Renamed Capitol Corridor
Capitol Corridor Auburn – San Jose April 29, 2001 present Renamed from Capitols
Cascadia Seattle – Eugene October 29, 1995 May 16, 1998 Renamed from the Mount Rainier; merged into Amtrak Cascades
Coast Daylight Oakland – Los Angeles May 1, 1971 November 14, 1971 Inherited from SP Coast Daylight; unnamed until November 14, 1971. Joint operation with the Coast Starlight as Coast Starlight/Daylight and Coast Starlight/Daylight tri-weekly until June 10, 1973, and daily thereafter.[89]
Oakland – San Diego November 14, 1971 April 1972
Oakland – Los Angeles April 1972 May 19, 1974
Coast Starlight Seattle – San Diego May 1, 1971 April 1972 Inherited from SP/BN Cascade, SP Coast Daylight, and ATSF San Diegan. Unnamed until November 14, 1971. Joint operation with the Coast Daylight as Coast Starlight/Daylight and Coast Starlight/Daylight until the Daylight name was dropped on May 19, 1974.[89]
Seattle – Los Angeles April 1972 present
Desert Wind Ogden – Los Angeles October 28, 1979 July 15, 1983
Salt Lake City – Los Angeles July 15, 1983 May 10, 1997
Expo '74 Seattle – Spokane May 19, 1974 September 14, 1974
Las Vegas Limited Las Vegas – Los Angeles May 21, 1976 August 8, 1976
Metroliner Los Angeles – San Diego April 29, 1984 April 28, 1985
Mount Adams Seattle – Portland October 1, 1994 May 16, 1998 Replaced the Northwest Talgo; merged into Amtrak Cascades
Mount Baker International Vancouver – Seattle May 26, 1995 May 16, 1998 Merged into Amtrak Cascades
Mount Rainier Seattle – Portland May 1, 1971 October 29, 1994 Inherited from an unnamed BN train; unnamed until November 14, 1971. Southbound train ran to Eugene from August 3, 1980 to December 31, 1981 as the return from a Willamette Valley trip.
Seattle – Eugene October 30, 1994 October 29, 1995 Renamed Cascadia.
Northwest Talgo Seattle – Portland April 1, 1994 September 30, 1994 Replaced by the Mount Adams
Orange County Commuter Los Angeles – San Juan Capistrano April 30, 1990 March 28, 1994 Replaced by Metrolink Orange County Line
Pacific International Vancouver – Seattle July 17, 1972 September 30, 1981 [90][91]
Pacific Surfliner San Luis Obispo – San Diego June 1, 2000 present r Renamed from the San Diegan
Pioneer Seattle – Salt Lake City June 7, 1977 June 16, 1991
Seattle – Denver June 17, 1991 May 10, 1997
Puget Sound Seattle – Portland May 1, 1971 June 7, 1977 Inherited from an unnamed BN train; unnamed until November 14, 1971. Replaced by the Pioneer.
San Diegan Los Angeles – San Diego May 1, 1971 June 25, 1988 Inherited from ATSF San Diegan; unnamed until November 14, 1971
Santa Barbara – San Diego June 26, 1988 April 1996
San Luis Obispo – San Diego April 1996 May 31, 2000 Renamed Pacific Surfliner
San Joaquins Oakland – Bakersfield March 5, 1974 May 15, 1999 [92]
Oakland/Sacramento – Bakersfield May 16, 1999 present
Spirit of California Sacramento – Los Angeles October 25, 1981 September 30, 1983 [93][94]
Willamette Valley Portland – Eugene August 3, 1980 December 31, 1981 [95][96]

See also
  • List of North American named passenger trains

Notes
  1. "Long Distance Schedules Change to Tri-Weekly". Amtrak. National Railroad Passenger Corperation. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  2. "Amtrak Route Ridership FY19 vs. FY18" (PDF). Amtrak.
  3. "A Closer Look: Patriotic Train Names". Amtrak History Blog. Amtrak. June 30, 2014.
  4. Nationwide Schedules of Intercity Passenger Service. Amtrak. May 1, 1971. p. 16 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  5. Nationwide Schedules of Intercity Passenger Service. Amtrak. June 11, 1972. p. 43 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  6. All-America Schedules. Amtrak. May 19, 1974. p. 33 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  7. Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Winter 1996. Amtrak. January 1996. pp. 20–23 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  8. Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Fall/Winter 1996/97. Amtrak. November 14, 1996. pp. 20–23 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  9. Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Spring/Summer 1999. Amtrak. May 16, 1999. pp. 22–23 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  10. Goldberg 1981, p. 169
  11. Angus, Fred F. (May–June 1996). "Twenty-Five Years of Amtrak in Canada" (PDF). Canadian Rail. No. 452. pp. 63–73.
  12. "In Amtrak History" (PDF). Amtrak Ink. 18 (11). December 2013.
  13. Pollak, Michael (2005-09-25). "Names With a Past". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
  14. Sanders 2006, p. 19
  15. Sanders 2006, pp. 19–21
  16. Wade, Betsy (1997-05-11). "Amtrak Gets Late Start On Summer Schedule". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
  17. Goldberg 1981, p. 116
  18. Waltzer, Jim. "Waltz Through Time: An Express Derailed". Atlantic City Weekly. Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
  19. Wren, Patricia (July 5, 1986). "TIES RENEWED ON N.Y.-CAPE TRAIN RIDE". Boston Globe. Retrieved 2013-06-28.
  20. "Amtrak cancels NYC-Cape Cod train". The Standard-Times. New Bedford. Associated Press. May 11, 1997. Retrieved 2012-07-03.
  21. "Downeaster Service to Freeport & Brunswick Begins November 1, 2012" (Press release). NNEPRA. 12 September 2012. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
  22. Goldberg 1981, p. 168
  23. Goldberg 1981, p. 155
  24. Goldberg 1981, pp. 140–141
  25. Goldberg 1981, p. 154
  26. "Gulf Breeze button". Amtrak.com. November 14, 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  27. "AMTRAK ELIMINATES GULF BREEZE TRAIN SERVICE; REPLACES WITH THRUWAY BUS SERVICE". PR Newswire. 3 Apr 1995.
  28. Stennis, Todd. "History". Southern High-Speed Rail Commission. Retrieved 2011-12-26.
  29. Herbert, H. Josef (February 18, 1985). "Amtrak tries to improve service while cutting costs". Santa Cruz Sentinel. p. 36. Retrieved October 5, 2014 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. Russell, Kelly (October 7, 1996). "Amtrak's Gulf Coast Limited riding on borrowed time". Mississippi Business Journal  – via HighBeam Research (subscription required) . Archived from the original on January 25, 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  31. "AMTRAK TO CUT SEATTLE-CHICAGO PIONEER RAIL SERVICE". Seattle Post-Intelligencer  – via HighBeam Research (subscription required) . March 21, 1997. Archived from the original on January 25, 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  32. Goldberg 1981, p. 140
  33. "Southern Amtrak passenger train scheduled". News-Tribune. April 11, 1976. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
  34. "Travel Advisory". New York Times. December 18, 1988. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
  35. "National Timetable". Amtrak. October 30, 1994. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
  36. Weaver, Jay (January 7, 1995). "Amtrak won't cut trips through Ocala". Star-Banner. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
  37. McDowell, Edwin (June 7, 1995). "Business Travel; There have been 10 billion passengers since that first commercial flight across Tampa Bay in 1914". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
  38. "Pardon me boy – Is that the Silver Palm for Tampa?". Miami News. October 16, 1982. Retrieved 2012-07-07.
  39. Marmor, Jon (May 1, 1985). "Silver Palm Comes to End Of the Line". Palm Beach Post.
  40. Goldberg 1981, p. 94
  41. Goldberg 1981, p. 134
  42. West Virginia Department of Transportation, State Rail Authority (March 12, 2013). "West Virginia State Rail Plan: Maryland Area Regional Commuter Service". Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  43. Sanders 2006, p. 27
  44. Sanders 2006, p. 42
  45. Goldberg 1981, p. 125
  46. Sanders 2006, p. 43
  47. Sanders 2006, p. 65
  48. Goldberg 1981, pp. 123–124
  49. Sanders 2006, p. 41
  50. Goldberg 1981, pp. 123–125
  51. Goldberg 1981, pp. 124–125
  52. Goldberg 1981, pp. 101–103
  53. Sanders 2006, p. 56
  54. Sanders 2006, pp. 65–67
  55. Sanders 2006, pp. 68–70
  56. Sanders 2006, p. 77
  57. Sanders 2006, pp. 27–30
  58. "The final Three Rivers service rolls through Ohio, Indiana". Associated Press. 2005.
  59. Goldberg 1981, pp. 75–76
  60. Goldberg 1981, p. 224
  61. "Missouri Amtrak trains get a new name". USA Today. January 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-10.
  62. "Appendix 6-B: Chronology of Amtrak Service in Wisconsin" (PDF). Wisconsin Rail Plan 2030. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-31.
  63. Sanders 2006, pp. 248–251
  64. Sanders 2006, p. 204
  65. Sanders 2006, p. 207
  66. Goldberg 1981, p. 225
  67. Sanders 2006, pp. 214–217
  68. Sanders 2006, p. 100
  69. "Amtrak fact sheet: State Supported sector" (PDF). NARP. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  70. Sanders 2006, p. 94
  71. Sanders 2006, p. 96
  72. Sanders 2006, p. 114
  73. Sanders 2006, p. 118
  74. Goldberg 1981, p. 231
  75. Sanders 2006, p. 212
  76. Sanders 2006, p. 220
  77. Sanders 2006, p. 221
  78. Sanders 2006, pp. 100–101
  79. Sanders 2006, p. 101
  80. Sanders 2006, p. 243
  81. Sanders 2006, pp. 197–201
  82. Sanders 2006, pp. 109–113
  83. www.lib.niu.edu Archived 2006-09-10 at the Wayback Machine
  84. "michiganrailroads.com". Archived from the original on 2005-08-29. Retrieved 2005-08-13.
  85. ChicagoRailfan.com
  86. rrpicturearchives.net Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  87. Sanders 2006, p. 109
  88. Vurek, Matthew Gerald (2016). Images of Modern America: California’s Capitol Corridor. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 42, 43. ISBN 9781467124171.
  89. Goldberg 1981, pp. 16–17
  90. Knox, Paul (July 18, 1972). "Seattle-Vancouver train runs again". Vancouver Sun – via Google Newspapers.
  91. "Some of the changes". Telegraph Herald. October 1, 1981 – via Google Newspapers.
  92. Cook, Gale (March 10, 1974). "San Joaquin Valley Amtrak Route Draws Some Tart Comments". Modesto Bee.
  93. "New Train 'Spirit of California'". Ventura County Advisor. December 24, 1981. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
  94. "Amtrak on the Property" (May 1986). Passenger Train Journal, p. 27. PTJ Publishing.
  95. "First run for train". The Bulletin. August 4, 1980.
  96. Wyant, Dan (December 29, 1981). "Slide closes rail line near Oakridge". The Register-Guard.

References
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