List of Australian AM radio stations

This is an incomplete list of AM broadcast (medium wave) radio transmitter stations in Australia, past and present.

1960s AM car radio with NSW dialplate

History

See also main article History of broadcasting in Australia

The amateur years

In the 1920s transmission on the medium wave band was dominated by amateurs who after qualifying by means of an examination and displaying proficiency in Morse code communication (though the band was restricted to telephony), were issued with a call sign consisting of a number denoting for which State the licence was issued (2=NSW, 3=Vic; 4=Qld; 5=SA and NT; 6=WA; 7=Tas) and a two-letter suffix of their own choosing. A licence fee was paid to the Postmaster General's Department, renewable every five years. Amateurs generally designed and built their own equipment. One such amateur was Tom Elliot, who in 1921 established station 4CM for its owner Dr. McDowall. This would be part of the impetus behind the Queensland Government establishing 4QG, Australia's first Government-owned station.[1]

Another noted pioneer was Charles "Charlie" Maclurcan, whose station 2CM made many distance records on long and short wave, but apparently never experimented with medium wave, the subject of this article.

Radio receivers were also the province of enthusiasts, who were required to own a listener's licence. Much interest revolved around reception of distant signals ("DX" in the amateurs' terminology) and much valuable experience in the vagaries of radio propagation was gained by the listeners, many of whom collected "QSL" cards — acknowledgement of a confirmed reception by the transmitting station.

Program material was supplied by the amateur, and included talks, recitations, readings from books and newspapers, and live or recorded music (in those days no copyright fees were payable). Broadcast times may have been for only a few hours a day and a few days a week.

Commercialization

In August 1923 laws were passed after an American model, as recommended by Ernest Fisk,[2] by which "Sealed Set" receivers were built to receive a single frequency, that of the issuing company, whose income depended on sale or rental of these receivers, a situation analogous to Pay-TV services today. In the early days of the tuned radio-frequency receiver the simplicity of a "sealed set" would have been seen as a great convenience. Amateur constructors were however able to build tuneable (or "open") receivers and thereby gain a wider range of entertainment without fee.[3]

This situation could not endure, and in mid-1924 "open" sets became legal, but subject to an annual "broadcast listener's licence", the fees of which would be apportioned to "A-class" broadcasters.[4]

Among the six licences granted under the "sealed set" regime[5] were several (5MA in Adelaide and 3FC in Melbourne) which were unable to adapt to the changes and failed commercially. Perhaps significantly, the transmitters of both stations mentioned were on long wavelengths (850 m. and 1720 m. respectively) unable to be picked up by ordinary medium-wave receivers. The others were granted "A-class" licences. 2FC was also on a long wavelength (1100 m) but converted to 442 metres.

As originally legislated, "A-class" broadcasters' licences were issued to broadcasters who undertook to:[6]

  • Install a transmitter of 5 kW power rating to a standard approved by, and on a frequency allocated by, the Postmaster General (PMG).
  • Make a deposit of £1000 with the PMG and organise a surety of a further £1000 from an approved stakeholder
  • Run regular programmes of general interest to the satisfaction of the PMG.
  • The "A-class" broadcaster was permitted to run advertisements of no longer than 5 minutes duration and no more than 60 minutes in any 12-hour period.

The number of "A-class" stations in New South Wales and Victoria was limited to two each, and one to each of the other States. "B-class" stations were not encumbered by the same regulations. They received no part of the listeners' licences, but were permitted to fund their operations through advertising.

In 1925 a domestic broadcast listener's licence cost £1/15/-, of which the broadcasting station received £1/10/-. It did not entitle the holder to disseminate information or programmes (that required permission from the broadcaster), nor to amplify the audio for the benefit of customers, as in a barber shop or hotel. That required payment of a further £10/- fee. Radio dealers were prohibited from installing loudspeakers outside the shop's radio department.[7]
Collections for the year 1924/25 amounted to around £114,000 which was apportioned:
2FC: £35,000 | 2BL: £12,000
3LO: £14,000 | 3AR: £4,000
6WF: £4,000; the balance being retained by the Government.[8]
By 1932 the fee had been reduced to £1/4/-.[9]
The broadcast listener's licence in 1962 cost £2/15/- per annum, per household, and the Television Licence was £5 (£1/5/- for pensioners and blind people).[10] It was a bothersome licence to renew, requiring a trip to a Post Office; difficult to enforce, as evasions could only be detected while a set was in use, and expensive to prosecute. In 1974 these licences were abolished by the reformist Whitlam government.

In the late 1920s amateurs were slowly displaced by professional organizations holding "A-class" or "B-class"[11] licences, many of which were a continuation or development of an amateur operation. Amateurs were then obliged to pursue their hobby on higher frequency "amateur" bands.[12]

National Broadcasting Service

The takeover by the Commonwealth Government of "A Class" broadcasters began in 1928 when the Australian Broadcasting Company Ltd. (founded 1926 with a capital of £100,000) won a Government contract to provide programming nationwide for the "A-class" stations in each State: 2FC Sydney[13] and 3AR Melbourne[14] in 1929, 4QG in Brisbane in 1930, 5CL in Adelaide 1929, and 6WF in Perth. The Postmaster General's Department took over responsibility for provision, maintenance and operation of technical facilities of their studios and transmitters, giving the Government an ultimate veto over ABC broadcasts, a situation which would endure until the 1980s. Most of the commercial and ABC broadcast transmitters were manufactured and installed by either Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) (AWA) or Standard Telephones and Cables (STC), with one or two by Scott and Co., of Sydney.

The Australian Broadcasting Company became the Australian Broadcasting Commission in July 1932, with stations 2FC, 2BL, 2NC, 2CO, 3LO, 3AR, 4QG, 4RK, 5CL, 5CK, 6WP and 7ZL forming a national system with six capital city stations and four regional stations forming one network, and 2BL and 3LO the foundation of what would become a second network.[9]

In October 1937 the roles of the two arms of the NBS were reversed in Sydney and Melbourne: 2BL took over the No 1 National programme from 2FC; 3AR from 3LO, and the newly commissioned 5AN from 5CL.[15]

AM stereo

Realistic TM-152 AM stereo tuner; sold for $A150 in 1988

In the late 1950s, before stereophonic record players became commonplace, and long before FM-stereo broadcasting, some stations (notably 3XY and 3UZ, but also 2CN and 2CY)[16] partnered to present stereophonic programmes, one station to each channel, so the listener could set up a pair of radios and experience the stereo effect. The experiment ceased after a few months. In the mid-1980s some operators, including capital-city ABC stations, elected to have stereo modulation (to the Motorola C-QUAM standard) implemented on their transmitters.[17] The system made no noticeable difference on standard radios, but was very effective on a compatible AM stereo receiver. While AM receivers can be made to subjectively sound as good as FM, this resulted in increased costs and consumer interest was minimal. Few of these (rather expensive)[18] receivers were sold, and the networks abandoned the experiment without fanfare. As at September 2020 the only AM station still broadcasting in AM stereo is 4WK (963 kHz).

Frequency assignment

By convention, a broadcaster's "spot on the dial" was originally defined in terms of wavelength (in metres), then from around 1940 increasingly by frequency, which was more precise, as all stations were by then crystal controlled to an accurate multiple of 5 kHz (or kilocycles per second in the terminology of the time).

A sufficiently accurate formula for converting wavelength to frequency is: f (in kHz) = 300,000 / λ (in metres)

In the early days the band was shared between "Class B" operators who operated on a defined wavelength and schedule, and licensed amateurs, who broadcast sporadically, and tried to transmit at a wavelength where risk of interference was minimized. In those days superheterodyne receivers were prohibitively expensive for most listeners; more common were crystal sets, regenerative or tuned radio frequency receivers, which had poor adjacent-channel rejection. Around 1930 a number of stations changed their operating frequencies, apparently independently and no doubt for good, though not published, reasons. A major program of frequency changes, imposed on broadcasters by the Post Master General, came into operation on 1 September 1935[19] following the licensing of another seven "B class" stations.[20] Some were to standardize all frequencies to a multiple of 10 kcs/sec (10 kHz); some to resolve technical problems such as interference from nearby transmitters (in some cases from New Zealand), and a few in an effort to aggregate "A class" stations to the low-frequency (long wavelength) end of the dial, though there remained many exceptions to this policy.

Another reshuffle occurred in June 1948, when 24 stations were subjected to a changed frequency allocation. The reason given was increased power output of various New Zealand transmitters.[21]

As a result of the Geneva Frequency Plan of 1975, on 23 November 1978 all broadcast stations moved to new frequencies on the basis of a 9 kHz "raster", thereby freeing up the crowded AM band by some ten percent. In the following decades many broadcasters moved to the FM band, trading long distance reception for less expensive transmission equipment and clearer sound. Most ABC AM stations continued to operate in the face of a burgeoning variety of competing media (FM, DAB+, podcasts ...) in the interests of universal coverage, but a great many commercial stations closed or turned to FM, and some transmitters were turned over to niche broadcasters (Radio for the Print Handicapped, ethnic radio, University radio, racing, News Radio). A later development was the provision of small AM repeater stations, both National and commercial, at a different frequency but bearing the same call sign as the primary transmitter.

This list does not include the many Australian Community radio Broadcasters except as they relate to National or Commercial broadcasters, and with a few exceptions ignores studios, programme material, personalities, networks, branding, slogans, and target audience.

Call sign Location Type
[22]
First
b'cast
pre-1935[23] post-1935[24] c.[22]
1950
kHz
pre-
1978
kHz
post-
1978
kHz
Current
kHz
/ Fate
Notes
λ
(m)
kHz λ
(m)
kHz
1SBSCanberraB20061440Commenced ca March 2006 using former 2CN/2PB transmitter, initially with DRM30 trials
2ADArmidaleB193627810801130113011341134
2ANArmidaleA0720freq. change 760 to 720 kHz in 1976
Became 2RN Armidale
2AYAlburyB193020314802031480149014941494227 metres in 1930[25]
2BABegaA1956810[26] 08100810810 sits in both 10kHz & 9kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
2BESydneyB1924[27]204C 1928326 m. in 1926[28] 442 m. 1926–1929;[29]
Australia's first commercial station.[30]
2BEBegaB1937207145014801480 0765BCallsign change to 2EC Bega
2BEMoruyaB1980s0765FCallsign change to 2EC
2BENaroomaB1980s01584BRepeater for mush zone between synch Bega & Moruya. Callsign change to 2EC
2BHBroken HillB193422113602261330066005670567In 1948 moved to 650 kHz.[31] Numerous frequency changes, perhaps the most of any Australian station.
2BLSydneyB1925[32]353BOriginally 2SB
Became National station with 2FC in 1932.[33]
2BLSydneyA1932[33]351085540507400740740[26] 07020702Wavelength 353 m. 1925[34]–1931.
2BSBathurstB19372001500150015001503F 2018Converted to FM Dec 2018
2BYByrockA1970s[35][36] 660[36] 657[37] 0657
2CACanberraB1931[38]286105028610501050105010531053
2CCCanberraB1975[39]121012061206
2CHSydneyB1932[40]2481210252119011701170117011701170 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
2CKCessnockB1938205.51460C 1952studio destroyed by fire in 1952, and not replaced; transmitter equipment at Neath unaffected but closed[41] Became 2NM.
2CNCanberraA195315401540[26] 144006661440 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75. Moved to 666 in 1983; 1440 tx eventually used by 2PB.
2COCorowaA1931536056044806700670670[26] 06750675ABC Regional
2CPMonaro

(Cooma)

A1966[42]1570[43] 16021602Originally a relay of 2CY.[42]
2CRCumnockA1935545055054505500550055005490549
2CSCoffs HarbourB1980s00639F
2CYCanberraA193835308500850850[26] 846Changed callsign to 2RN Oct 1990
2DUDubbo (EulomogoB193628310601250125012511251[44]
2DUCobarB19840972Repeater of 2DU Dubbo
2EASydneyA13861107Allocated former 2UW frequency after 2UW converted to FM in early 1990s. SBS Radio
2EAWollongongA1035SBS Radio
2EAWollongongA1485SBS Radio
2EANewcastleA1413SBS Radio
2ECBegaB0765Changed callsign from 2BE 1980s
2ECMoruyaB0765Changed callsign from 2BE 1980s, converted to FM 1990s
2ECNaroomaB15841584Changed callsign from 2BE 1980s, originally repeater to cover Bega / Moruya synch mush zone
2ELOrangeBafter 19961089was 2GZ
2EUSydneyB1925Callsign originally allocated but changed to 2UE prior to commencement
2FCSydneyB19234510665was 1100 metres then 442 m. 1926[45]–1929.[29] Became ABC station 1932
2FCSydneyA1932[33]451066549206100610610[26] 05760576Renamed 2RN Sydney in October 1990
2GBSydneyB19263160950345087087087008730873
2GFGraftonB1933246122024812101210121012061206
2GLGlen InnesAc. 1954[46]820[26] 08190819
2GNGoulburnB1931[39]216139021613901380138013681368201.3 m. in 1930
1370 kHz after 1976?
2GOGosfordB197113101323F 1991801 kHz from 1986 to 1991.[47]
2GZOrangeB19353030990990[48] 1089B 1996became 2EL after 1996
2HCCoffs HarbourB19850639
2HDNewcastleB192527011102631140C 1941initially 333 metres then 288 m. 1925–1931
closed 1941 with 4AT, 5KA, 5AU during World War II following allegations of fifth column activities.[49]
2HDNewcastleB19451140114011431143reopened as ALP station[50]
2HRSingletonB19374410680became 2NX, Newcastle c. 1955
2JJSydneyA197515401539F 1980Originally an experimental ABC station which later obtained permanent status.
2KAKatoombaB1935[51]259[52]11600780780 0783C 1992moved to 780 kHz in 1937. Wavelength was allocated 1935 for competitor 2KB[53] but never implemented.
2KMKempseyA1937306098030609800980530[48] 531[37] B Studios moved to Port Macquarie where it became 2MC in 1980.[54][55] (Confusingly, the 2KM callsign was reused for a N.S.W. Labor Council owned (narrowcast?) station in Sydney using 1620 kHz,[39][56] now 2MORO.)
2KONewcastleB1931[57]212[58]1415213141014101413F 1990sConverted to FM in 1990s and changed callsign to 2KKO
2KPKempseyA195406800680[26]06840684
2KYSydneyB1925[59]280107029410201020102010171017280 metres from 1925
2LFYoungB193822413401340[60] 13501350linked with 2WG
2LGLithgowA1949[61]13701570[62] 1485[37] 1395Using 1570 kHz in 1960.[62]
2LMLismoreB193633309000900900[60] 900[37] 0900replaced 2XN
2LTLithgowB1939278108013901370[60] 13950900freq. 1370 kHz in 1976
900 kHz from 1984
2LVInverellB1936366[63]0820Blinked with 2AD. Became 2NZ in 1937.[64]
2MC Port Macquarie

(Kempsey)

B 1980 531 B Former 2KM renamed 2MC when studios moved from Kempsey to Port Macquarie in 1980. 2MC converted to FM in 2000[54][55] but the 531 kHz AM frequency was taken over by 2PM[65][39]
2MGMudgeeB1938[39]1450145014491449
2MKBathurstB19252601155C 1931.[66]275 metres in 1925.
MK = Mockler's Store
2MLMurwillumbah
Terranora
A195407200720720 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
2MOGunnedahB1931[39]227132022113601080108010801080 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
2MVMoss ValeB1930246122020814401440C205.4 m. in 1930, 241.8 in 1931.
Closed c. 1931
2MWMurwillumbahB193720414701440[60] 0972[37]0972
2NANewcastleA194308201510[62] 1512[37] 1233First ABC regional station.
2NBBroken HillA1948076009990999
2NINorfolk IslandA1952015700 156601566
2NCNewcastleA193024112452441230123012331233
2NMMuswellbrookBc. 1955205.51460146014580981replaced 2CK, moved to 981 in 1980
2NRGrafton (Lawrence)A19364290700070007380738
2NUTamworth (Manilla)A19484550660[67]0650065006480648
2NXNewcastleBc. 1955221136013601341Bpreviously 2HR Singleton.
2NZInverellB1936[39]25611701190119011881188previously 2LV;[64] took over 2NZ licence issued for Narrabri in 1935 but not implemented.
Linked with 2GZ
2OOWollongongB19791575F 1992Became i98FM[68]
2PBCanberraA1440FABC News Radio, converted to FM early 2006
2PBNewcastleA1458News Radio
2PBSydneyA0630News Radio
2PKParkesB1937[39]1400140014001404[69]
2PMPort Macquarie

(Kempsey)[70]

B2000 0531New 2PM took over frequency from former 2MC, when 2MC converted to FM.[70]

Now 'Radio 531'.[71]

2PNNWollongongA1431Radio National
2QNDeniliquinB193520814401520152015211521
2RETareeB195319215601560156015571557
2RGGriffithB1936[72]204147010700963
2RNArmidaleA0720Radio National (was 2AN)
2RNCanberraA0846Previous callsign 2CY, carries Radio National programmes
2RNGoulburnA1098Radio National
2RNNewcastleA1512Radio National
2RNNowraA0603Radio National
2RNSydneyA0576Radio National (was 2FC)
2RNWilcanniaA1485Radio National
2SBSydneyB1923C 1924allocated 450 m. in late 1923 ; became 2BL in 1924[33] It is likely this broadcaster never went to air.
2SMSydneyB1931236127023612701270127012691269
2STNowraB1972[39]0999
2TMTamworthB1935[73]201149023113001300130012871287204.5 m. in 1935
2TRTareeA0720076007560756freq. change 720 to 760 in 1976
2UESydneyB1925293102531609500950095009540954Originally 2EU, it was Australia's first commercial radio station,[74] and broadcast on 293 metres from at least 1926.
2UHMuswellbrookA1964[75] 1040[26] 1044[37] 1044
2UWSydneyB192526711252701110111011101107F 1994263 metres in 1926.[28]
Frequency given to SBS Radio (2EA Sydney).
2VMMoreeB1957[76] 1530153015301530 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75.
2WAWilcanniaA1584
2WGWaggaB1932260[77]115026111501150115011521152303 metres in 1932?
2WLWollongongBpre-19312091435210143014301430[60]1314FBecame WaveFM
2WNWollongongA1959[78]1580[62] 1431[79] F 1991[78]Became 97.3 ABC Illawarra
2WOTamworthB1934A 2WO Tamworth was announced in 1934 but never eventuated.[80]
2WSSydney (Western Suburbs)B19781224F 1993Now WSFM[81]
2XLBroken HillB19312201365C 1932[82]
2XLCoomaB1937[83]3410880092009200918F 2019Now XLFM.
2XNLismoreB193022413402241340C 1936replaced by 2LM
2XTMobile stationB1925??C 1927operated from a NSWGR train. XT = Experimental train
3AKMelbourne (night service)B193120015002001500150011161116branded as "SEN 1116"[39]
3ARMelbourneB19243AR moved to 480 metres then 484[34] 1925–1931 then 492.
Became ABC station 1932
3ARMelbourneAc. 192849206104760630062006210621Cnew (1935) wavelength 476 m.; moved to 517 a few months later[84]
By 1937 it had reverted to 484; unchanged 1949.[85]
Renamed 3RN Melbourne in October 1990
3AWMelbourneB1932[39]21014302341280128006930693relay to 3CV 1955
3BABallaratB1930[39]23113002271320132013201314F 1998call sign "Radiosport 927"[39]
3BOBendigoB1931309097030909700960F
3BTBallaratB13141314repeater of 3UZ
3CRMelbourneB1976840837855Commenced as limited commercial, then public, now community
3CSColacB193926511301130113011341134
3CVCharlton
Central Vic.
B1938Bwas 3MB
1470 kHz (204 m.) by 1949[86]
3CVMaryborough
Central Vic.
B19441440Fwas 3MB
1470 kHz (204 m.) by 1949
1440 kHz (208 m.) by 1953[86]
3DBMelbourneB192725411802911030103010301026F 1990became 3TT in 1988
3EAMelbourneA1224SBS Radio; opened 9 June 1975
3EEMelbourneB199212781278was 3XY
3ELMaryboroughB193510711071
3GGWarragulB198905310531was 3UL
3GILongford near SaleA193536108300830083008280828
3GLGeelongB193021414002221350135013501341F 1990
3GVSaleB20021242was 3TR
3HAHamiltonB193129710102971010100009810981
3HSHorshamB19332191370C 1936taken over by 3DB and closed 1936 in favor of 3LK[87]
3KZMelbourneB193022213502541180118011801179F 1990231 m. in 1930?[88]
3LKLubeck[89]B1933?[39] 1936?[90]109010901089B 1977became 3WM in 1977
3LOMelbourneB19243750800B371 m. 1926[28]–1929[29]
3LOMelbourneA1928375080039007700770077007740774371 m. 1926[28]–1932[29] Relay to 2CO, 3GI, 3WL, 3WV in 1955
3MAMilduraB1933[91]333090014701467B1360 kHz (221 m.) by 1949[85]
1470 kHz (204 m.) by 1953[86] later became 3ML.
3MBBirchipB1936[90]C 1938became 3CV[92]
3MLMilduraB1467was 3MA
3MPRowvilleB1976138013771377
3MTOmeoA0720
3NEWangarattaB19541600160015661566
3PBMelbourneBOpened in September 1925, and closed in January 1926, after only four months on air.
3PBMelbourneA1026News Radio
3RNAlbury-WodongaA0990Radio National
3RNMelbourneA0621Radio National
3RNWangarattaA0756Radio National
3SHSwan HillB19311332
3SRSheppartonB19372381260126012601260Original station, F 1988.previous call sign 3WR.[93] 1260 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
3TRGippsland
Sale
Trafalgar
Traralgon
B193023412802421240124012401242F 2002became 3GV
3ULWarragulB1937300[94]100008800531Bbecame 3GG in 1989
3UZMelbourneB1925322.50930322.5[94]09300930093009270927319 m. in 1926[28]
Now branded "Radio Sport National"
3WLWarrnamboolA1954[46]1911570157016021602
3WMHorshamB197710891089was 3LK
3WRWangarattaB1925[95]C 1926?303 m. in 1926[28]
3WRWangarattaB1930[96]2381260reopened on 238 m.
Moved to Shepparton 1935.[93]
3WRSheppartonB19352381260became 3SR in 1937[93]
3WVHorshamBc. 1936322.50930Bbecame A Class station 1937
3WVLongford near HorshamA1937517058005940594
3XYMelbourneB1935211142014201278Bbecame 3EE
3YBMobileB193126211452481210Broadcast for 4 hours per night for a three-week period from various Victorian towns which didn't radio permanent stations.
3YBWarrnamboolB19372481210121008820882Due to become FM station in 2018
3ZZMelbourneA19751160C 1977An experimental ABC station, broadcasting for only 2 years. Was Australia's first ethnic and community radio station.[97]
4AAMackayB1026Previous callsign 4MK
4AKOakeyB1935[52]2461220122012421242studio in Toowoomba
4AMMareebaB1967[39]0558
4AMPort DouglasB1422Repeater of 4AM Atherton Mareeba
4ATAthertonB193930609804410680B 1941closed by Federal government following allegations of fifth column activity.[49]
Became ABC a month later.[98]
4ATAthertonA1941[98]4410680060007200720720 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
4AYAyrB1934306098030609800960C c. 1970Changed callsign to 4RR Jan 1987
HPONAyrBc. 199008730873Uses On-air Identifier of 4AY
4BCBrisbaneB1930262114526811201120112011161116223[99] in 1930; 235 m. in 1930?[88] 252 in 1933!
4BHBrisbaneB1931217138021713801390088008820882freq. moved 1390 to 880 in 1976
4BKBrisbaneB193023312902331290129012901296F 1990
4BUBundabergB193520314801330133013321332
4CACairnsB1936216[100]1390101008460846Complaints of interference from 4MB[101] (both went from 1000 kHz to 1010 kHz) in 1948.[102]
4CCBiloelaB19859309270666Repeater of 4CC Gladstone, initially synch with 4CD Gladstone, shifted to 666 with power increase
4CCGladstoneB19850927was 4CD Gladstone
4CCRockhamptonB19851584was 4CD Rockhampton
4CDGladstoneB1970[39]Bbecame 4CC Gladstone 1985
4CDRockhamptonB1972Bbecame 4CC Rockhampton 1985
4CHCharlevilleApre-1931255117506030603
4FCMaryborough / Hervey BayB19921161TAB Radio
4GCCharters TowersB1976[39]08280828
4GCHughendenB0765repeater of 4GC Charters Towers
4GMGympieA19531570157015661566
4GRToowoombaB1925300100030010000860086008640864294 metres in 1925, 1926[28]
4GYGympieB19412221350135005580558
4HIDysartB0945
4HIEmeraldB1981[39]1143
4HIMoranbah / NeboB1215
4HUHughendenA1485
4IPIpswichB1935[52]2081440101010101008Bbecame 4IO c. 1985, 4TAB in 1992
4JKJulia CreekA0567
4KQBrisbaneB1947461.506500690069006930693
4KZInghamB1620
4KZInnisfailB1967[39]0531
4KZKarumbaB1611
4KZTullyB0693
4LGLongreachB19361100110010981098
4LMMt IsaB1961[39]06660666
4LMCloncurryB0693translator station
4MBMaryboroughB193228310602831060101011601161F337 in 1926[28]
1160 kHz from 1953[103] Both 4CA and 4MB went from 1000 to 1010 in 1948.[102] 1160 kHz in 1964
Became RadioTAB
4MIMt IsaA19861080
4MKMackayB193125211902591160138010261026525 m. in 1930?[88] 1390 in 1948[102]
4MSMossmanA06390639
4NANambourB0830082808280freq move 940 to 830 kHz in 1976. Became 4SS
4PBBrisbaneA0936News Radio
4PMPort MoresbyA2211360repeater for, then replaced by, 9PA[104]
4QAMackayA1951072007560FM 1990sConverted to FM 1990s
4QBPialba
Dundowran
(Wide Bay)
A19485360560[102]091008550855Synchronised with 4QO Eidsvold for both original 910 kHz operation and post 1978 current operation
4QDEmeraldA1548
4QGBrisbaneA1925395076037508000790C385 m. 1926[28]–1929[29]
Founded by (Labor) Queensland Government, became ABC station 1932. Renamed 4RN Brisbane in October 1990
4QLLongreachA194743506900540054005400540540 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
4QNTownsville (Clevedon)A193650006000630063006300630630 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
4QOEidsvoldA196508550855Synchronised with 4QB Pialba for both original 910 kHz operation and post 1978 current operation
4QRBrisbaneA19383190940[102]059006120612
4QSDarling Downs
Dalby
Toowoomba
A0750075007470747
4QWRoma / St. GeorgeA0711
4QYCairnsA1950094008010801
4RKRockhamptonA1930[88]330091033009100840084008370837
4RNBrisbaneA0792Radio National
4RNRockhamptonB1926B Class licence issued to Qld Gov, intended to be a repeater of 4QG but never implemented
4RORockhamptonB193222513402261330100009900990990 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
4RRTownsvilleB198700FM 1990sPrevious callsign 4AY
4SBKingaroyB1938106010711071call sign 1071AM[39]
4SOSouthportA1952159015901593F 1989
4SSNambourB0828F 1990sPrevious callsign was 4NA
4TABBrisbaneB19921008was 4IP then 4IO c. 1985
4TIThursday Island
(Torres Strait)
A10621062
4TOTownsvilleB193125611702561170078007800774F 2005
4TOOTownsvilleB200525611702561170078007800774C 2015Former tech facilities of 4TO AM licensed as retransmission, following 4TO FM conversion ca 2005
4VLCharlevilleB19360920092009180918
4VLCunnamullaB1584
4WKToowoombaB1359repeater of 4WK Warwick
4WKWarwickB19353330900333[105]0900088009630963204.5 m. in 1935
4WPWeipaA10441044
4ZRRoma / St GeorgeB19371480148014761476
5AAAdelaideB19761390139013861395
5ABAdelaideB1924C 1924340 m (880 kHz); poss. became 5CL[106]
5ADAdelaideB19302291310229131013101323Cbecame 5DN, then relinquished
5ALAlice SpringsA19481961530Bbecame 8AL
5ANAdelaideA193733708900890089008910891
5AUPort AugustaB19382141400closed with parent station 5KA 1941 after allegations of fifth column activity
5AUPort AugustaB1943[107]2141400104412421450 kHz in 1976
5CCPort LincolnB1985[39]07650765
5CKCrystal BrookA1932472063546906400640064006390639
5CLAdelaideB1924Bposs. succeeded 5AB.
420 metres[108] or 375 metres then 395 m. from 1925[34] Became ABC station 1932.
5CLAdelaideA41107304110730073007300729Bbecame 5RN Adelaide in October 1990
5CSPort PirieB10441044associated with 5AA
5DNAdelaideB1925313096031309600972B313 m. in 1926[28]
became 5PB News Radio
5DRDarwinA19471500BChanged callsign to 8DR in 1960
5KAAdelaideB192725012002501200C 1941closed 1941 with its repeater 5AU after allegations of fifth column activity
5KAAdelaideB1943[107]120012001197B 1990became 5RPH
5LCLeigh CreekA1971[109]16021602
5LNPort LincolnA1950[109]153014851485
5MGMount Gambier NorthA19551161?1476
5MUMurray BridgeB19342071450146011251125
5MVBerriA19571590159015931062moved to 1305 in 1988; 1062 in 1996.
5PAPenolaA1956moved to Naracoorte c. 1970
5PANaracoorteAc. 197011611161
5PBAdelaideA0972News Radio. Was 5DN
5PICrystal BrookB28810402881040104010401044became 5CS in 1987.[109]
5RMRenmarkB1935319094035308500800080008010801
5RNAdelaideA0729Radio National. Was 5CL
5RNRiverland (Berri)[109]A1305Radio National
5SEMount GambierB19372241340137009630963
5SYStreaky BayA1977[109]06930693
5UVAdelaideC1970s[109]53005310F 1990sInitially licensed under WT Act, then Public, then Community, converted to FM 1990s
5WMWoomeraA19531580158015841584
6ABCRNChristmas IslandA1422Radio National
6ALAlbanyA19560630
6AMNorthamB193427510903060980098008640864
6BAYGeraldtonB1512
6BAYMorawaB1512repeater of 6BAY Geraldton
6BEBroomeA19900675
6BRBridgetownA1044
6BSBunbury (Busselton)A0684
6BYBunburyB193330609802591160C 1935Call sign revived as 6BY Bridgetown
6BYBridgetownB195309000900900900 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75.
6CACarnarvonA0846
6CICollieB194713401134Bbecame 6TZ Collie
6DBDerbyA0873
6DLDalwallinuA0531
6EDEsperanceA0837
6ELBunburyB20000621Same frequency used by network's stations at Busselton, Capel, Collie, Donnybrook
6FMSExmouthB0747
6GEGeraldtonB101010101008F 1991
6GFKalgoorlieA19354170720072007200648
6GLPerthB1988C 19911088 kHz; merged with 6IX
6GNGeraldtonA0830083008280828
6IXPerthB19332041470242124012401080108010801130 in 1943[110] 1080 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75.
6KAKarrathaB19781260
6KGKalgoorlieB19312461220248121012100981246 m. in 1933
6KPKarrathaA0702
6KWKununurraA0819
6KYPerthB1941210143013201206F 19911430 kHz in 1941; 1320 in 1943[110]
6LNCarnarvonB19830666
6MDMerredinB19411100110010981098
6MJManjimupA0738
6MLPerthB1930[111]297[112]10102651130C 1943Commenced 31 Mar 1930 on 1010 kHz; 29 Jul 1931 changed to 1135 kHz (frequency selected by listeners from two choices offered by PMGD); 1 Sep 1935 changed to 1130 kHz; Closed 1943 allegedly due WW2 staff losses; 6IX subsequently allocated former 6ML frequency 1130 kHz
6MMMandurahB1988[39]1116
6MNNewmanA0567
6NANarroginB19510920092009180918
6NMNorthamAc. 1954[46]1215
6NWPort HedlandB197710261026
6PBBunbury (Busselton)A1152News Radio.
6PBPerthA0585News Radio
6PHPort HedlandA0603
6PMPerthB1937113010000990F 1990[113] 1320 to 1240 kHz in 1943[110] 990 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75.
6PNPannawonicaA0567
6PRPerthB1931341088034108800880088008820882
6PUParaburdooA0567
6RNBusseltonA1296Radio National
6RNDalwallinuA0612Radio National
6RNPerthA0810Radio National
6RNWaginA1296Radio National
6SATParaburdooB0765
6SATTom PriceB0765
6SEEsperanceB1982? 2000?07470747
6TPTom PriceA0567
6TZBunburyB19390960096009630963
6TZBusseltonB19950756
6TZCollieB1134was 6CI Collie
6VAAlbanyB19567807830783
6WAWagin (Minding)A19360560056005580558
6WBKatanningB19361070107010711071
6WFPerth (Wanneroo)B1924B1250 m. (240 kHz) in 1926[28]
Became ABC station 1932
6WFPerth (Wanneroo)A1929435069043506900690069007200720moved to 690 kHz in 1929 with change of ownership.[114] 720 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75.
6WHWyndhamA1017
6WNPerthA0810Became 6RN Perth in October 1990
6XMExmouthA1188
7ADDevonportB1932090009000900F 2019Took over 7UV in 1940; 900 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75. converted to FM Mar 2019
7BUBurnieB1935221136021613900560056005580F 2019Converted to FM Mar 2019
7DYDerbyB1938[115]1450B 1954became 7SD, Scottsdale[46]
7EXLauncestonB1938[116]3001000100010101008F 2008Converted to FM 2008 and changed callsign to 7EXX
HPONLauncestonH2009?10081008TAB HPON, licence awarded after 7EX AM-FM conversion, uses old 7EX tech facilities
7FGFingalA116011611161opened after 1976
7HOHobartB193033708903660820086008600864F 1990349 metres in 1937. Became 7RPH
7HTHobartB19362781080108010801080F 19981080 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
7LALauncestonB193027311002731100110010981098F 1998started as amateur station 7BN[117]
became TAB station
7NTKelso near LauncestonA1935[118]40007504000750071007100711F 2006assertion 7NT founded 1928[117] could not be verified
7PBHobartA0747News Radio
7QNQueenstownA1954[46]556054005400630F 1991630 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
7QTQueenstownB07200837became 7XS in 1998
7RNHobartB1991was 7ZL
7RPHHobartB19900864was 7HO
7SDScottsdaleB195414500540[39]0540transferred from 7DY, Derby,[46] 540 sits in both 10 kHz & 9 kHz rasters, therefore no change for GE75
7SHSt HelensA157015841584opened after 1976
7UVUlverstoneB1932[119]205.51460205.51460Bbecame 7AD Devonport in 1940
7XSQueenstownB193708370837took over 7QT in 1998
7ZLHobartB1926B 1927417 metres in 1926[28]
7ZLHobartA1932[117]517058050805900600C 1991461 m. in 1937 http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/25400495 became 7RN Hobart in October 1990
7ZRHobartA19380940
8ALAlice SpringsA19601530138007830783began as 5AL on 1530 kHz; moved to 1380 kHz in 1976
8DRDarwinA19600657F 1989previously 5DR on 1500 kHz
8DNDarwinB124012401242C 1992
8GONhulunbuyA0990
8HAAlice SpringsB197109000900
8JBJabiruA07470747
8KNKatherineA0639F 1991
8RNDarwinA0657
8RNKatherineA06390639
8RNTennant CreekA06840684
8TCTennant CreekA0684F 1991
9PAPort MoresbyA19461250Founded by Aust. and US Army 1944. Replaced 4PM[104] For other wartime call signs see below.
Legend
Type A = Government funded (including SBS radio). B = self funded (now called "commercial" but historic term retained here)
Fate Frequency if currently active, otherwise B = Broadcasts still occurring from same location and frequency but call sign changed; C = Licence cancelled or lapsed (may be followed by date); F = Moved to FM band (may be followed by date).

Overseas broadcasters during World War II

A large number of AM radio stations were established by Australian and US forces in bases to the north of Australia in the years 1943–1946, of which around 20 were operated by the Australian Army Amenities Service. This is an incomplete list of those overseas broadcasters whose callsign commenced with "9". 9AT in Kure, Japan operated during the post-war occupation period.[120][121]

Call signBaseCountryFrequency
kHz[122]
OpenedClosedNotes
9A?WestonBorneo1945east of Labuan Island on Brunei Bay
9AAPort MoresbyPapua New GuineaThis call sign used briefly, then reverted to 9PA
9ABLae[123]Papua New Guinea1070/1340!945
9ACTorokina[124]Papua New Guinea128019451946
9ADAitapePapua New Guinea1140/11801945
9ADMorotaiDutch East Indies (Indonesia)1180/1440
9AEJacquinotPapua New Guinea1370/1425
9AERabaulPapua New Guinea1310/1370/1375/14251945
9AFTarakanBorneo1945
9AFLabuanBorneo960/13401945
9AGBalikpapanBorneo960/1240/1340/1360
9AJBosley Field[125]Solomon Islands960
9AJWewakPapua New Guinea960/980/10301945
9ALRabaulPapua New Guinea1945
9ALFauro IslandSolomon Islands10301945
9AORabaulPapua New Guinea980
9AOJesseltonSabah98019461946now Kota Kinabalu
9APLabuanBorneo
9ATKureJapan14701946joint broadcast with US Army station WLKS
9PAPort Moresby[126]Papua New Guinea125019441946for a time 9AA

See also

References

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  122. cite web|url=http://www.radioheritage.net/story69.asp%7Ctitle=Australian World War II Pacific Radio |publisher=Radio Heritage Foundation|access-date=6 January 2018
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