List of ISO 639-1 codes

ISO 639 is a standardized nomenclature used to classify languages. Each language is assigned a two-letter (639-1) and three-letter (639-2 and 639-3) lowercase abbreviation, amended in later versions of the nomenclature.

This table lists all of:

And some of:

  • ISO 639-2/T: three-letter codes, for the same languages as 639-1
  • ISO 639-2/B: three-letter codes, mostly the same as 639-2/T, but with some codes derived from English names rather than native names of languages (in the following table, these differing codes are highlighted in boldface)
  • ISO 639-3: three-letter codes, the same as 639-2/T for languages, but with distinct codes for each variety of an ISO 639 macrolanguage

Note: Colors on the leftmost column represent the language family mentioned in the second column.

Language family ISO language name Native name (endonym) 639-1 639-2/T 639-2/B 639-3 Notes
Northwest CaucasianAbkhazianаҧсуа бызшәа, аҧсшәаababkabkabkalso known as Abkhaz
Afro-AsiaticAfarAfarafaaaaraaraar
Indo-EuropeanAfrikaansAfrikaansafafrafrafr
Niger–CongoAkanAkanakakaakaaka + 2macrolanguage, Twi is [tw/twi], Fanti is [fat]
Indo-EuropeanAlbanianShqipsqsqialbsqi + 4macrolanguage, "Albanian Phylozone" in 639-6
Afro-AsiaticAmharicአማርኛamamhamhamh
Afro-AsiaticArabic
العربية
araraaraara + 29macrolanguage, Standard Arabic is [arb]
Indo-EuropeanAragonesearagonésanargargarg
Indo-EuropeanArmenianՀայերենhyhyearmhyealso known as Հայերէն; ISO 639-3 code "hye" is for Eastern Armenian, "hyw" is for Western Armenian, and "xcl" is for Classical Armenian
Indo-EuropeanAssameseঅসমীয়াasasmasmasm
Northeast CaucasianAvaricавар мацӀ, магӀарул мацӀavavaavaavaalso known as Avar
Indo-EuropeanAvestanavestaaeaveaveaveancient
AymaranAymaraaymar aruayaymaymaym + 2macrolanguage
TurkicAzerbaijaniazərbaycan dili, تۆرکجهazazeazeaze + 2macrolanguage

also known as Azeri

Niger–CongoBambarabamanankanbmbambambam
TurkicBashkirбашҡорт телеbabakbakbak
Language isolateBasqueeuskara, euskeraeueusbaqeus
Indo-EuropeanBelarusianбеларуская моваbebelbelbel
Indo-EuropeanBengaliবাংলাbnbenbenbenalso known as Bangla
Indo-EuropeanBihari languagesभोजपुरीbhbihbihcollective language code for Bhojpuri, Magahi, and Maithili
CreoleBislamaBislamabibisbisbisLanguage formed from English and Ni-Vanuatu, with some French influence.
Indo-EuropeanBosnianbosanski jezikbsbosbosbos
Indo-EuropeanBretonbrezhonegbrbrebrebre
Indo-EuropeanBulgarianбългарски езикbgbulbulbul
Sino-TibetanBurmeseဗမာစာmymyaburmyaalso known as Myanmar
Indo-EuropeanCatalan, Valenciancatalà, valenciàcacatcatcat
AustronesianChamorroChamoruchchachacha
Northeast CaucasianChechenнохчийн моттcechecheche
Niger–CongoChichewa, Chewa, NyanjachiCheŵa, chinyanjanynyanyanya
Sino-TibetanChinese中文 (Zhōngwén), 汉语, 漢語zhzhochizho + 16macrolanguage
TurkicChuvashчӑваш чӗлхиcvchvchvchv
Indo-EuropeanCornishKernewekkwcorcorcor
Indo-EuropeanCorsicancorsu, lingua corsacocoscoscos
AlgonquianCreeᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣcrcrecrecre + 6macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanCroatianhrvatski jezikhrhrvhrvhrv
Indo-EuropeanCzechčeština, český jazykcscesczeces
Indo-EuropeanDanishdanskdadandandan
Indo-EuropeanDivehi, Dhivehi, Maldivian
ދިވެހި
dvdivdivdiv
Indo-EuropeanDutch, FlemishNederlands, VlaamsnlnlddutnldFlemish is not to be confused with the closely related West Flemish which is referred to as Vlaams (Dutch for "Flemish") in ISO 639-3 and has the ISO 639-3 code vls
Sino-TibetanDzongkhaརྫོང་ཁdzdzodzodzo
Indo-EuropeanEnglishEnglishenengengeng
ConstructedEsperantoEsperantoeoepoepoepoconstructed, initiated from L.L. Zamenhof, 1887
UralicEstonianeesti, eesti keeletestestest + 2macrolanguage
Niger–CongoEweEʋegbeeeeweeweewe
Indo-EuropeanFaroeseføroysktfofaofaofao
AustronesianFijianvosa Vakavitifjfijfijfij
UralicFinnishsuomi, suomen kielififinfinfin
Indo-EuropeanFrenchfrançais, langue françaisefrfrafrefra
Niger–CongoFulahFulfulde, Pulaar, Pularfffulfulful + 9macrolanguage, also known as Fula
Indo-EuropeanGalicianGalegoglglgglgglg
KartvelianGeorgianქართულიkakatgeokat
Indo-EuropeanGermanDeutschdedeugerdeu
Indo-EuropeanGreek, Modern (1453–)ελληνικάelellgreell
TupianGuaraniAvañe'ẽgngrngrngrn + 5macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanGujaratiગુજરાતીgugujgujguj
CreoleHaitian, Haitian CreoleKreyòl ayisyenhthathathat
Afro-AsiaticHausa
(Hausa) هَوُسَ
hahauhauhau
Afro-AsiaticHebrew
עברית
hehebhebhebModern Hebrew. Code changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, iw.[1]
Niger–CongoHereroOtjihererohzherherher
Indo-EuropeanHindiहिन्दी, हिंदीhihinhinhin
AustronesianHiri MotuHiri Motuhohmohmohmo
UralicHungarianmagyarhuhunhunhun
ConstructedInterlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)Interlinguaiainainainaconstructed by International Auxiliary Language Association
AustronesianIndonesianBahasa IndonesiaidindindindCovered by macrolanguage [ms/msa]. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, in.[1]
ConstructedInterlingue, Occidental(originally:) Occidental, (after WWII:) Interlingueieileileileconstructed by Edgar de Wahl, first published in 1922
Indo-EuropeanIrishGaeilgegagleglegle
Niger–CongoIgboAsụsụ Igboigiboiboibo
Eskimo–AleutInupiaqIñupiaq, Iñupiatunikipkipkipk + 2macrolanguage
ConstructedIdoIdoioidoidoidoconstructed by De Beaufront, 1907, as variation of Esperanto
Indo-EuropeanIcelandicÍslenskaisisliceisl
Indo-EuropeanItalianItalianoititaitaita
Eskimo–AleutInuktitutᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦiuikuikuiku + 2macrolanguage
JaponicJapanese日本語 (にほんご)jajpnjpnjpn
AustronesianJavaneseꦧꦱꦗꦮ, Basa Jawajvjavjavjav
Eskimo–AleutKalaallisut, Greenlandickalaallisut, kalaallit oqaasiiklkalkalkal
DravidianKannadaಕನ್ನಡknkankankan
Nilo-SaharanKanuriKanurikrkaukaukau + 3macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanKashmiriकश्मीरी, كشميريkskaskaskas
TurkicKazakhқазақ тіліkkkazkazkaz
AustroasiaticCentral Khmerខ្មែរ, ខេមរភាសា, ភាសាខ្មែរkmkhmkhmkhmalso known as Khmer or Cambodian
Niger–CongoKikuyu, GikuyuGĩkũyũkikikkikkik
Niger–CongoKinyarwandaIkinyarwandarwkinkinkin
TurkicKirghiz, KyrgyzКыргызча, Кыргыз тилиkykirkirkir
UralicKomiкоми кывkvkomkomkom + 2macrolanguage
Niger–CongoKongoKikongokgkonkonkon + 3macrolanguage
KoreanicKorean한국어kokorkorkor
Indo-EuropeanKurdishKurdî, کوردیkukurkurkur + 3macrolanguage
Niger–CongoKuanyama, KwanyamaKuanyamakjkuakuakua
Indo-EuropeanLatinlatine, lingua latinalalatlatlatancient
Indo-EuropeanLuxembourgish, LetzeburgeschLëtzebuergeschlbltzltzltz
Niger–CongoGandaLugandalglugluglug
Indo-EuropeanLimburgan, Limburger, LimburgishLimburgslilimlimlim
Niger–CongoLingalaLingálalnlinlinlin
Tai–KadaiLaoພາສາລາວlolaolaolao
Indo-EuropeanLithuanianlietuvių kalbaltlitlitlit
Niger–CongoLuba-KatangaKilubalulublublubalso known as Luba-Shaba
Indo-EuropeanLatvianlatviešu valodalvlavlavlav + 2macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanManxGaelg, Gailckgvglvglvglv
Indo-EuropeanMacedonianмакедонски јазикmkmkdmacmkd
AustronesianMalagasyfiteny malagasymgmlgmlgmlg + 11macrolanguage
AustronesianMalayBahasa Melayu, بهاس ملايوmsmsamaymsa + 36macrolanguage, Standard Malay is [zsm], Indonesian is [id/ind]
DravidianMalayalamമലയാളംmlmalmalmal
Afro-AsiaticMalteseMaltimtmltmltmlt
AustronesianMaorite reo Māorimimrimaomrialso known as Māori
Indo-EuropeanMarathiमराठीmrmarmarmaralso known as Marāṭhī
AustronesianMarshalleseKajin M̧ajeļmhmahmahmah
MongolicMongolianМонгол хэлmnmonmonmon + 2macrolanguage
AustronesianNauruDorerin Naoeronanaunaunaualso known as Nauruan
Dené–YeniseianNavajo, NavahoDiné bizaadnvnavnavnav
Niger–CongoNorth NdebeleisiNdebelendndendendealso known as Northern Ndebele
Indo-EuropeanNepaliनेपालीnenepnepnep + 2macrolanguage
Niger–CongoNdongaOwambongndondondo
Indo-EuropeanNorwegian BokmålNorsk BokmålnbnobnobnobCovered by macrolanguage [no/nor]
Indo-EuropeanNorwegian NynorskNorsk NynorsknnnnonnonnoCovered by macrolanguage [no/nor]
Indo-EuropeanNorwegianNorsknonornornor + 2macrolanguage, Bokmål is [nb/nob], Nynorsk is [nn/nno]
Sino-TibetanSichuan Yi, Nuosuꆈꌠ꒿ NuosuhxopiiiiiiiiiiiStandard form of Yi languages
Niger–CongoSouth NdebeleisiNdebelenrnblnblnblalso known as Southern Ndebele
Indo-EuropeanOccitanoccitan, lenga d'òcocociocioci
AlgonquianOjibwaᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐojojiojioji + 7macrolanguage, also known as Ojibwe
Indo-EuropeanChurch Slavic, Old Slavonic, Church Slavonic, Old Bulgarian, Old Church Slavonicѩзыкъ словѣньскъcuchuchuchuancient, in use by Orthodox Church
Afro-AsiaticOromoAfaan Oromooomormormorm + 4macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanOriyaଓଡ଼ିଆororioriori + 2macrolanguage, also known as Odia
Indo-EuropeanOssetian, Osseticирон æвзагosossossoss
Indo-EuropeanPunjabi, Panjabiਪੰਜਾਬੀ, پنجابیpapanpanpan
Indo-EuropeanPaliपालि, पाळिpipliplipliancient, also known as Pāli
Indo-EuropeanPersian
فارسی
fafasperfas + 2macrolanguage, also known as Farsi
Indo-EuropeanPolishjęzyk polski, polszczyznaplpolpolpol
Indo-EuropeanPashto, Pushto
پښتو
pspuspuspus + 3macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanPortuguesePortuguêsptporporpor
QuechuanQuechuaRuna Simi, Kichwaququequeque + 43macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanRomanshRumantsch Grischunrmrohrohroh
Niger–CongoRundiIkirundirnrunrunrunalso known as Kirundi
Indo-EuropeanRomanian, Moldavian, MoldovanRomânăroronrumronThe identifiers mo and mol are deprecated, leaving ro and ron (639-2/T) and rum (639-2/B) the current language identifiers to be used for the variant of the Romanian language also known as Moldavian and Moldovan in English and moldave in French. The identifiers mo and mol will not be assigned to different items, and recordings using these identifiers will not be invalid.
Indo-EuropeanRussianрусскийrurusrusrus
Indo-EuropeanSanskritसंस्कृतम्sasansansanancient, still spoken, also known as Saṃskṛta
Indo-EuropeanSardiniansarduscsrdsrdsrd + 4macrolanguage
Indo-EuropeanSindhiसिन्धी, سنڌي، سندھیsdsndsndsnd
UralicNorthern SamiDavvisámegiellasesmesmesme
AustronesianSamoangagana fa'a Samoasmsmosmosmo
CreoleSangoyângâ tî sängösgsagsagsag
Indo-EuropeanSerbianсрпски језикsrsrpsrpsrpThe ISO 639-2/T code srp deprecated the ISO 639-2/B code scc[2]
Indo-EuropeanGaelic, Scottish GaelicGàidhliggdglaglagla
Niger–CongoShonachiShonasnsnasnasna
Indo-EuropeanSinhala, Sinhaleseසිංහලsisinsinsin
Indo-EuropeanSlovakSlovenčina, Slovenský jazykskslksloslk
Indo-EuropeanSlovenianSlovenski jezik, Slovenščinaslslvslvslvalso known as Slovene
Afro-AsiaticSomaliSoomaaliga, af Soomaalisosomsomsom
Niger–CongoSouthern SothoSesothostsotsotsot
Indo-EuropeanSpanish, CastilianEspañolesspaspaspa
AustronesianSundaneseBasa Sundasusunsunsun
Niger–CongoSwahiliKiswahiliswswaswaswa + 2macrolanguage
Niger–CongoSwatiSiSwatisssswsswsswalso known as Swazi
Indo-EuropeanSwedishSvenskasvswesweswe
DravidianTamilதமிழ்tatamtamtam
DravidianTeluguతెలుగుtetelteltel
Indo-EuropeanTajikтоҷикӣ, toçikī, تاجیکیtgtgktgktgk
Tai–KadaiThaiไทยththathatha
Afro-AsiaticTigrinyaትግርኛtitirtirtir
Sino-TibetanTibetanབོད་ཡིགbobodtibbodalso known as Standard Tibetan
TurkicTurkmenTürkmen, Түркменtktuktuktuk
AustronesianTagalogWikang TagalogtltgltgltglNote: Filipino (Pilipino) has the code [fil]
Niger–CongoTswanaSetswanatntsntsntsn
AustronesianTonga (Tonga Islands)Faka Tongatotontontonalso known as Tongan
TurkicTurkishTürkçetrturturtur
Niger–CongoTsongaXitsongatstsotsotso
TurkicTatarтатар теле, tatar teletttattattat
Niger–CongoTwiTwitwtwitwitwiCovered by macrolanguage [ak/aka]
AustronesianTahitianReo TahititytahtahtahOne of the Reo Mā`ohi (languages of French Polynesia)[3]
TurkicUighur, Uyghurئۇيغۇرچە, Uyghurcheuguiguiguig
Indo-EuropeanUkrainianУкраїнськаukukrukrukr
Indo-EuropeanUrdu
اردو
ururdurdurd
TurkicUzbekOʻzbek, Ўзбек, أۇزبېكuzuzbuzbuzb + 2macrolanguage
Niger–CongoVendaTshivenḓavevenvenven
AustroasiaticVietnameseTiếng Việtvivievievie
ConstructedVolapükVolapükvovolvolvolconstructed
Indo-EuropeanWalloonWalonwawlnwlnwln
Indo-EuropeanWelshCymraegcycymwelcym
Niger–CongoWolofWollofwowolwolwol
Indo-EuropeanWestern FrisianFryskfyfryfryfryalso known as Frisian
Niger–CongoXhosaisiXhosaxhxhoxhoxho
Indo-EuropeanYiddish
ייִדיש
yiyidyidyid + 2macrolanguage. Changed in 1989 from original ISO 639:1988, ji.[1]
Niger–CongoYorubaYorùbáyoyoryoryor
Tai–KadaiZhuang, ChuangSaɯ cueŋƅ, Saw cuenghzazhazhazha + 16macrolanguage
Niger–CongoZuluisiZuluzuzulzulzul

Table of all possible two letter codes

Decoding table of ISO 639-1 alpha-2 codes
AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AI AJ AK AL AM AN AO AP AQ AR AS AT AU AV AW AX AY AZ
BA BB BC BD BE BF BG BH BI BJ BK BL BM BN BO BP BQ BR BS BT BU BV BW BX BY BZ
CA CB CC CD CE CF CG CH CI CJ CK CL CM CN CO CP CQ CR CS CT CU CV CW CX CY CZ
DA DB DC DD DE DF DG DH DI DJ DK DL DM DN DO DP DQ DR DS DT DU DV DW DX DY DZ
EA EB EC ED EE EF EG EH EI EJ EK EL EM EN EO EP EQ ER ES ET EU EV EW EX EY EZ
FA FB FC FD FE FF FG FH FI FJ FK FL FM FN FO FP FQ FR FS FT FU FV FW FX FY FZ
GA GB GC GD GE GF GG GH GI GJ GK GL GM GN GO GP GQ GR GS GT GU GV GW GX GY GZ
HA HB HC HD HE HF HG HH HI HJ HK HL HM HN HO HP HQ HR HS HT HU HV HW HX HY HZ
IA IB IC ID IE IF IG IH II IJ IK IL IM IN IO IP IQ IR IS IT IU IV IW IX IY IZ
JA JB JC JD JE JF JG JH JI JJ JK JL JM JN JO JP JQ JR JS JT JU JV JW JX JY JZ
KA KB KC KD KE KF KG KH KI KJ KK KL KM KN KO KP KQ KR KS KT KU KV KW KX KY KZ
LA LB LC LD LE LF LG LH LI LJ LK LL LM LN LO LP LQ LR LS LT LU LV LW LX LY LZ
MA MB MC MD ME MF MG MH MI MJ MK ML MM MN MO MP MQ MR MS MT MU MV MW MX MY MZ
NA NB NC ND NE NF NG NH NI NJ NK NL NM NN NO NP NQ NR NS NT NU NV NW NX NY NZ
OA OB OC OD OE OF OG OH OI OJ OK OL OM ON OO OP OQ OR OS OT OU OV OW OX OY OZ
PA PB PC PD PE PF PG PH PI PJ PK PL PM PN PO PP PQ PR PS PT PU PV PW PX PY PZ
QA QB QC QD QE QF QG QH QI QJ QK QL QM QN QO QP QQ QR QS QT QU QV QW QX QY QZ
RA RB RC RD RE RF RG RH RI RJ RK RL RM RN RO RP RQ RR RS RT RU RV RW RX RY RZ
SA SB SC SD SE SF SG SH SI SJ SK SL SM SN SO SP SQ SR SS ST SU SV SW SX SY SZ
TA TB TC TD TE TF TG TH TI TJ TK TL TM TN TO TP TQ TR TS TT TU TV TW TX TY TZ
UA UB UC UD UE UF UG UH UI UJ UK UL UM UN UO UP UQ UR US UT UU UV UW UX UY UZ
VA VB VC VD VE VF VG VH VI VJ VK VL VM VN VO VP VQ VR VS VT VU VV VW VX VY VZ
WA WB WC WD WE WF WG WH WI WJ WK WL WM WN WO WP WQ WR WS WT WU WV WW WX WY WZ
XA XB XC XD XE XF XG XH XI XJ XK XL XM XN XO XP XQ XR XS XT XU XV XW XX XY XZ
YA YB YC YD YE YF YG YH YI YJ YK YL YM YN YO YP YQ YR YS YT YU YV YW YX YY YZ
ZA ZB ZC ZD ZE ZF ZG ZH ZI ZJ ZK ZL ZM ZN ZO ZP ZQ ZR ZS ZT ZU ZV ZW ZX ZY ZZ
Colour legend
184/676 Officially assigned: assigned to a language
6/676 Deprecated: used previously but no longer assigned
486/676 Unassigned

References

  1. Cover, Robin. "Code for the Representation of the Names of Languages. From ISO 639, revised 1989". xml.coverpages.org. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
  2. "Code Changes". ISO 639-2. Library of Congress. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  3. Charpentier, Jean-Michel; François, Alexandre (2015). Atlas Linguistique de Polynésie Française — Linguistic Atlas of French Polynesia (in French and English). Mouton de Gruyter & Université de la Polynésie Française. p. 106. ISBN 978-3-11-026035-9.
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