List of Indian residential schools in Canada

The following is a list of school that operated as part of the Canadian Indian residential school system[nb 1][1] The first residential school was set up in 1828 with the last residential school closing in 1996.[2][3][4]

Religious denomination
(AN) Anglican Church
(BP) Baptist
(MD) Methodist
(OO) Other
(PB) Presbyterian Church
(RC) Roman Catholic Church
(UC) United Church of Canada

List

Schools in Newfoundland and Labrador were not included in the original settlement by the Harper government and instead reached a compensation deal with the federal government after a lawsuit in 2016.

NameLocationProvince/TerritoryOpenedClosedDenomination
Assumption Indigenous Residential School (Hay Lakes Indian Residential School)Hay LakesAB19511970RC
Blue Quill's Indian Residential School (Hospice of St. Joseph / Lac la Biche Boarding School)Lac la BicheAB18621898 (moved to Blue Quill Indian Reserve 127, Saddle Lake)RC
Blue Quill's Indian Residential School (Sacred Heart Indian Residential School / Saddle Lake Boarding School / Blue Quill's Boarding School)Blue Quill Indian Reserve 127, Saddle LakeAB18981931 (moved to St. Paul)RC
Blue Quill's Indian Residential School (St. Paul's Boarding School)St. PaulAB19311970 (became the first Native-administered school in Canada)RC
Convent of Holy Angels Indian Residential School (Holy Angels Indian Residential School/ Our Lady of Victoria Indian Residential School)Fort ChipewyanAB19021974RC
Crowfoot Indian Residential SchoolClunyAB19091968RC
Dunbow Industrial School (St. Joseph's Industrial School, High River Industrial School)High RiverAB18881939RC
Edmonton Industrial SchoolSt. AlbertAB19191960MD
Ermineskin Indian Residential SchoolHobbemaAB19151973RC
Immaculate Conception Indian Residential School (Immaculate Conception Boarding School / Blood Indian Residential School)Stand-OffAB18841926RC
Immaculate Conception Boarding School (Blood Indian Residential School / St. Mary's Mission Boarding School)Stand-OffAB19111975RC
McDougall Orphanage and Residential School (Morley Indian Residential School)MorleyAB18861949MD
Old Sun's Boarding School (North Camp Residential School / White Eagle's Boarding School / Short Robe Boarding School)GleichenAB18941912AN
Old Sun's Boarding School (North Camp School / White Eagle's Boarding School / Short Robe Boarding School)GleichenAB19291971AN
Peigan Indian Residential School (Victoria Jubilee Home)BrocketAB18921965AN
Red Deer Industrial SchoolRed DeerAB18891944MD
Sarcee Indian Residential SchoolCalgaryAB18941930AN
St. Albert's Indian Residential SchoolSt. AlbertAB19411948RC
St. Andrew's Indian Residential SchoolWhitefish LakeAB18951950AN
St. Barnabas Indian Residential SchoolSarceeAB1899 (new school built in 1912)1922AN
St. Bernard Indian Residential School (Grouard Indian Residential School)GrouardAB19391962RC
St. Bruno Indian Residential School (Joussard Indian Residential School)JoussardAB19131969RC
St. Cyprian's Indian Residential SchoolBrocketAB1900 (new school built in 1926)1962AN
St. Francis Xavier Indian Residential SchoolCalaisAB18901961RC
St. Henri Indian Residential School (Fort Vermilion Indian Residential School)Fort VermilionAB19001968RC
St. John's Indian Residential School (Wabasca Residential School)WabascaAB1895 (new school built in 1949)1966AN
St. Martin Boarding SchoolWabascaAB19011973RC
St. Paul Des Métis Indian Residential SchoolSt. PaulAB18981905RC
St. Paul's Indian Residential SchoolCardstonAB19001972AN
St. Peter's Indian Residential School (Lesser Slave Lake Indian Residential School)Lesser Slave LakeAB19001932AN
Sturgeon Lake Indian Residential SchoolSturgeon LakeAB19071957RC
Youville Indian Residential SchoolSt. AlbertAB18921948RC
Alberni Indian Residential SchoolPort AlberniBC1920 (burned in 1917, rebuilt in 1920; burned again in 1937, rebuilt in 1939)1973UC
Ahousaht Indian Residential SchoolAhousahtBC19011950PB
Christie Indian Residential School (Kakawis Indian Residential School)Tofino (Meares Island)BC19001973RC
Christie Indian Residential School (New Christie Indian Residential School / Kakawis Indian Residential School)Tofino, British Columbia (Meares Island)BC19741983RC
Friendly Cove Day SchoolYuquotBC19301964RC
Greenville Mission Boys' Boarding SchoolNass RiverBC1877?MD
Kamloops Indian Residential SchoolKamloopsBC18901978RC
Kamloops Indian Residential School (St. Louis Mission Indian Residential School)KamloopsBC18901978RC
Kitimaat Indian Residential School (Elizabeth Long Memorial School for Girls)KitimaatBC18931941MD
Kootenay Indian Residential School (St. Eugene's Indian Residential School, St. Mary's Indian Residential School)CranbrookBC18981970RC
Kuper Island Indian Residential SchoolPenelakut IslandBC18901975RC
Lejac Indian Residential SchoolFraser LakeBC1910 (new building in 1922)1976RC
Lower Post Indian Residential SchoolLower PostBC19511975RC
Methodist Coqualeetza InstituteChilliwackBC18861937 (later became the Coqualeetza Hospital and is now the Coqualeetza Cultural Education CentreMD
Metlakatla Indian Residential School (Metlakatla Indian Girls' School)MetlakatlaBC18911962OO
Port Simpson Methodist Girls' SchoolPort SimpsonBC18631950MD
Presbyterian Coqualeetza Indian Residential SchoolChilliwackBC18611940PB
Roman Catholic Coqualeetza Indian Residential SchoolChilliwackBC18901941RC
Sechelt Indian Residential SchoolSecheltBC19121975RC
St. Paul’s Indian Residential SchoolNorth VancouverBC18981959RC
St. George's Indian Residential School (Lytton Indian Residential School)LyttonBC1901 (new school built in 1928)1979AN
St. Mary's Mission Indian Residential SchoolMission (Pekw'Xe:yles)BC18611984RC
St. Michael's Indian Residential School (Alert Bay Indian Residential School)Alert BayBC19291975AN
Thomas Crosby Indian Residential School (Thomas Crosby Girls Home Indian Residential School)Port SimpsonBC18791950MD
Thomas Crosby Indian Residential School (Thomas Crosby Home for Boys Indian residential School)Port SimpsonBC18791950MD
Williams Lake Indian Residential School (Williams Lake Industrial School)CaribooBC18901981RC
Yale Indian Residential SchoolYaleBC1900?AN
Yuquot Indian Residential SchoolYuquotBC19011913RC
Assiniboia Indian Residential School (Assiniboia Hostel)WinnipegMB1958 (September 2)1973 (June 30)RC
Birtle Indian Residential SchoolBirtleMB1888 (December 3)1970PB
Brandon Indian Residential School (Brandon Industrial School)BrandonMB1895 (May 23)1972 (June 30)MD
Cross Lake Indian Residential School (Norway House Roman Catholic Indian Residential School)Cross LakeMB1915(March 9)1969 (July 30)RC
Elkhorn Indian Residential School (Elkhorn Industrial School / Washakada Indian Residential School)ElkhornMB18881919 (as CP Railway purchased land on which school was built)AN
Elkhorn Indian Residential School (Washakada Indian Residential School)ElkhornMB19251949AN
Fort Alexander Indian Residential SchoolPine FallsMB19051970 (June)RC
Guy Hill Indian Residential SchoolThe Pas and Clearwater LakeMB1952 (Students were relocated from Sturgeon Landing, Saskatchewan to a temporary school in The Pas until a newly built school in Clearwater Lake in 1958)1979 (June 30)RC
Lake St. Martin Indian Residential SchoolFisher RiverMB1874 (new school built in 1948)1963AN
MacKay Indian Residential SchoolThe PasMB19151933AN
MacKay Indian Residential SchoolDauphinMB19551989AN
Norway House Methodist Indian Residential SchoolNorway HouseMB19001967 (June 30)MD
Pine Creek Indian Residential School (Camperville Indian Residential School)CampervilleMB18901969 (August 31)RC
Portage la Prairie Methodist Indian Residential SchoolPortage la PrairieMB18911975 (June 30)MD
Portage la Prairie Presbyterian Indian ResidentialPortage la PrairieMB18951950PB
Sandy Bay Indian Residential SchoolSandy Bay ReserveMB19051970 (June 30)RC
St. Boniface Industrial SchoolSt. BonifaceMB18911909RC
St. Paul's Industrial School (St. Rupert's Land Industrial School)SelkirkMB18861906AN
Waterhen Indian Residential SchoolWaterhenMB18901900RC
Lockwood School*CartwrightNL1964OO
Makkovik Boarding School*MakkovikNL1960OO
Nain Boarding School*NainNL1973OO
St. Anthony's Orphanage*St. AnthonyNL1979OO
Yale School*North West RiverNL1980OO
Aklavik Anglican Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School)Shingle PointNWT1927 (moved to Aklavik in 1934 due to overcrowding1959AN
Aklavik Catholic Indian Residential School (later Inuvik Indian Residential School)AklavikNWT1925 (relocated to Inuvik in 1959; Stringer Hall was Anglican Residence and Grollier Hall the RC residence)1996 (June 1975 (Stringer Hall); June 30 1996 (Grollier Hall))RC
Fort McPherson Indian Residential School; (Including residence, Fleming Hall);Fort McPhersonNWT18981970OO (non-denominational)
Fort Providence Indian Residential School (Providence Mission Indian Residential School)Fort ProvidenceNWT18671953RC
Fort Resolution Indian Residential SchoolFort ResolutionNWT1867?RC
Fort Simpson Indian Residential School (Fort Simpson Boarding School, including residences Bompas Hall, Lapointe Hall, St. Margaret's Hall)Fort SimpsonNWT19201970RC
Fort Smith Indian Residential School (Breynat Hall)Fort SmithNWT19571970RC
Hay River Indian Residential School (St. Peter's Mission Indian Residential School)Hay RiverNWT18981949AN
Akaitcho Hall (dormitory for Sir John Franklin High School)YellowknifeNWT19581994Federal/GNWT
Shubenacadie Indian Residential SchoolShubenacadieNS19221968RC
Chesterfield Inlet Indian Residential School (including residence: Turquetil)Chesterfield InletNU19291970RC
Frobisher Bay Indian Residential SchoolFrobisher BayNU1965?RC
Albany Mission Indian Residential School (Fort Albany Residential School)Fort AlbanyON19121963RC
Alexandra Industrial School for GirlsTorontoON18971910[5]OO
Alnwick Industrial School (in partnership with Mount Elgin Indian Residential School)AldervilleON18381966MD
Bishop Horden Memorial School (Moose Factory Indian Residential School; Moose Fort Indian Residential School)Moose FactoryON19071963AN
Cecilia Jeffrey Indian Residential SchoolKenoraON19001966PB
Chapleau Indian Residential School (Saint John's Indian Residential School)ChapleauON19071950AN
Fort Frances Indian Residential School (St. Margaret's Indian Residential School)Fort FrancesON19021974RC
Kenora Indian Residential SchoolKenoraON19491963RC
McIntosh Indian Residential SchoolKenoraON19241969RC
Mohawk Institute Residential School (Mohawk Manual Labour School; Mush Hole Indian Residential School)BrantfordON18281970AN
Mount Elgin Indian Residential School (in partnership with Alnwick)Muncey TownON18481948MD
Shingwauk Indian Residential SchoolGarden RiverON18731873 (burned down six days after opening)AN
Shingwauk Indian Residential SchoolSault Ste. MarieON1873 (merged with Wawanosh to form a larger school in 1900)1971 (currently houses Algoma University)AN
Wawanosh School for GirlsSault Ste MarieON18771900 (merged with Shingwauk)AN
Sioux Lookout Indian Residential School (Pelican Lake Day School)Sioux LookoutON19111973AN
Spanish Indian Residential Schools; St. Joseph Residential School 1916–1962 (girls school) still standing; St Charles Garnier College 1913–1958 (boys school)now demolishedSpanishON18831965RC
St. Anne’s Indian Residential SchoolFort AlbanyON19361964RC
St. Joseph's Orphanage and Boarding School (for Indigenous and White Children)Fort WilliamON18701968RC
St. Mary's Indian Residential SchoolKenoraON18941962RC
Wikwemikong Indian Residential School (Wikwemikong Day School)ManitowaningON1840 (day school); 1879 (residential school)1963RC
Armstrong Indian Residential School (Armstrong Residential School; Armstrong Home and School)ArmstrongON18801891RC
Amos Indian Residential School (St. Marc's Indian Residential School)St. Marc-de-Figuery (Amos)QC19481965RC
Federal Hostel at George RiverKangirsualujjuaqQC19601960OO (Non-Denominational)
Federal Hostel at Great Whale RiverKuujjuarapik (Poste-de-la-Baleine)QC19601970OO (Non-Denominational)
Federal Hostel at Payne BayKangirsuk (Bellin)QC19601960OO (Non-Denominational)
Federal Hostel at Port HarrisonInukjuakQC19601971OO (Non-Denominational)
Fort George HostelsFort GeorgeQC19751978OO (Non-Denominational)
St. Philip's Indian Residential SchoolFort GeorgeQC1933 (burned in 1943, rebuilt in 1944)1979AN
Fort George (St. Joseph's Mission, Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Énfant-Jésus)Fort GeorgeQC19361952RC
La Tuque Indian Residential SchoolLa TuqueQC19631978AN
Pointe Bleue Indian Residential SchoolMashteuiatshQC19561965RC
Sept-Iles Indian Residential School (Seven Islands, Notre Dame, Maliotenam)Sept-ÎlesQC19521967RC
Battleford Industrial SchoolBattlefordSK18831914AN
Beauval Indian Residential SchoolBeauvalSK18951983 (became Meadow Lake Tribal Council's Beauval Indian Education Centre which closed in 1995)RC
Cowesses Indian Residential School (Marieval Indian Residential School)MarievalSK19361997RC
Crowstand Indian Residential SchoolKamsackSK18881916PB
St. Michael's Indian Residential School (Duck Lake Indian Residential School)Duck LakeSK18941996RC
Emmanuel CollegePrince AlbertSK18791923AN
File Hills Indian Residential School (File Hills Colony School)Okanese ReserveSK18891949PB
Gordon Indian Residential SchoolPunnichySK1889 (new school built in 1911, burned down in 1929)1996AN
Guy Hill Indian Residential SchoolSturgeon LandingSK19261952 (burned down September 4, 1952; students were relocated to temporary school in The Pas until a newly built school opened in Clearwater Lake in 1958)RC
Île-à-la-Crosse Indian Residential SchoolÎle-à-la-CrosseSK18781976 (the boarding school section)RC
Lake La Ronge Mission Indian Residential SchoolLa RongeSK1914 (new school built in 1920)1947AN
Muscowequan Indian Residential SchoolLestockSK19321981RC
St. Albans Indian Residential SchoolPrince AlbertSK?1951 (amalgamated with All Saints to become Prince Albert Indian Residential School)AN
All Saints Indian Residential SchoolPrince AlbertSK18651951 (amalgamated with St. Albans to become Prince Albert Indian Residential School)AN
Prince Albert Indian Residential SchoolPrince AlbertSK1951 (merger of All Saints and St. Albans)1964AN
Qu'Appelle Indian Residential School (Qu'Appelle Industrial School); Lebret Indian Residential School; (Added St. Paul's High School in 1951)LebretSK1884 (burned down in 1904, 1932)1969 (Re-opened under the operations of the reserve in 1973 as White Calf Collegiate, but that closed in August 1998)RC
Regina Indian Residential SchoolReginaSK18901910, demolished in 1948PB
Round Lake Indian Residential SchoolWhitewoodSK18861950MD
St. Anthony's Indian Residential School (Onion Lake Catholic Indian Residential School)Onion LakeSK18911968RC
St. Barnabas Indian Residential School (Onion Lake Indian Residential School)Onion LakeSK1893 (burned down in 1943)1951AN
St. Phillips Indian Residential School (Keeseekoose Day School)KamsackSK18991965RC
Thunderchild Indian Residential School (Delmas Indian Residential School)DelmasSK19331948 (burned down by students)RC
Aklavik Anglican Indian Residential School (All Saints Indian Residential School)Shingle PointYT19271934 (moved to Aklavik due to overcrowding)AN
Baptist Indian Residential School (Yukon Indian Residential School)WhitehorseYT19001968BP
Carcross Indian Residential School (Forty Mile Boarding School)FortymileYT18911910 (moved to Carcross)AN
Carcross Indian Residential School (Chooutla Indian Residential School; Caribou Crossing Indian Residential School)CarcrossYT19101969AN
St. Paul's Indian Residential School (St. Paul's Hall)DawsonYT19201943AN
Yukon Hall (residences for local day school students)WhitehorseYT19561965AN

See also

Notes on terminology

  1. Indian has been used because of the historical nature of the article and the precision of the name. It was, and continues to be, used by government officials, Indigenous peoples and historians while referencing the school system. The use of the name also provides relevant context about the era in which the system was established, specifically one in which Indigenous peoples in Canada were homogeneously referred to as Indians rather than by language that distinguishes First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples. Use of Indian is limited throughout the article to proper nouns and references to government legislation.

References

  1. "List of residential schools". Indian Residential Schools Settlement - Official Court Website. Retrieved 2009-12-02.
  2. Residential Schools Archived 2010-05-03 at the Wayback Machine Assembly of First Nations. Retrieved 2009-12-02.
  3. "Prince Albert Grand Council Indian Residential School Virtual Museum". 2015. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  4. "Mission and Justice Relationships (Anglican Indian and Eskimo Residential Schools)". Anglican Church of Canada. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  5. https://www.beachmetro.com/2011/10/19/east-school-wayward-girls-flourished/
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