List of birds of Portugal

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Portugal. The avifauna of mainland Portugal, the Azores, and Madeira islands included a total of 589 species as of July 2020 according to iGoTerra.[1] Of them, 244 are accidental and 19 have been introduced by humans. Four are endemic to islands, one is extinct, and two have been extirpated. The status of 64 species has not been determined. One hundred fifteen of the species have been recorded only in either or both of the Azores and Madeiras.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (English and scientific names) are those of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2019 edition.[2]

The following tags have been used to highlight some categories of occurrence. The (A) and (I) tags are from iGoTerra. The notes such as "Azores only" and the notes of population status such as "endangered" are from Bird Checklists of the World.[3][4][5] The latter notes apply to the worldwide population, not just that in Portugal.

  • (A) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in mainland Portugal, the Azores, or Madeiras
  • (I) Introduced - a species introduced to mainland Portugal, the Azores, or Madeiras as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions
  • (S) Status to be updated - a species whose status in Portugal is undetermined


Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.

Common name Binomial Status
Fulvous whistling-duckDendrocygna bicolor(A)
Snow gooseAnser caerulescens(A) Azores only
Graylag gooseAnser anser
Greater white-fronted gooseAnser albifrons(A)
Taiga bean-gooseAnser fabalis
Tundra bean-gooseAnser serrirostris(A)
Pink-footed gooseAnser brachyrhynchus(A)
BrantBranta bernicla(A)
Barnacle gooseBranta leucopsis(A)
Canada gooseBranta canadensis(I)
Mute swanCygnus olor(A)
Tundra swanCygnus columbianus(A)
Whooper swanCygnus cygnus(A)
Egyptian gooseAlopochen aegyptiaca(S)
Ruddy shelduckTadorna ferruginea(A)
Common shelduckTadorna tadorna
Muscovy duckCairina moschata(I) Madeiras only
Wood duckAix sponsa(A) Azores only
GarganeySpatula querquedula
Blue-winged tealSpatula discors(A)
Northern shovelerSpatula clypeata
GadwallMareca strepera
Eurasian wigeonMareca penelope
American wigeonMareca americana(A)
MallardAnas platyrhynchos
American black duckAnas rubripes(A) Azores only
Northern pintailAnas acuta
Green-winged tealAnas crecca(S)
Marbled tealMarmaronetta angustirostris(A) vulnerable
Red-crested pochardNetta rufina
Common pochardAythya ferinavulnerable
Ring-necked duckAythya collaris(A)
Ferruginous duckAythya nyrocanear-threatened
Tufted duckAythya fuligula
Greater scaupAythya marila
Lesser scaupAythya affinis(A)
King eiderSomateria spectabilis(A) Azores only
Common eiderSomateria mollissima(A) near-threatened
Surf scoterMelanitta perspicillata(A)
Common scoterMelanitta nigra
Long-tailed duckClangula hyemalis(A) vulnerable
BuffleheadBucephala albeola(A)
Common goldeneyeBucephala clangula(A)
SmewMergellus albellus(A)
Hooded merganserLophodytes cucullatus(A) Azores only
Common merganserMergus merganser(A)
Red-breasted merganserMergus serrator(S)
Ruddy duckOxyura jamaicensis(I)
White-headed duckOxyura leucocephala(A) endangered

Guineafowl

Order: Galliformes   Family: Numididae

Guineafowl are a group of African, seed-eating, ground-nesting birds that resemble partridges, but with featherless heads and spangled grey plumage.

Common name Binomial Status
Helmeted guineafowlNumida meleagris(I)

New World quail

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

Common name Binomial Status
Northern bobwhiteColinus virginianus(I)

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds. In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.

Common name Binomial Status
Common quailCoturnix coturnix
Rock partridgeAlectoris graeca(I)
Red-legged partridgeAlectoris rufa
Ring-necked pheasantPhasianus colchicus(I)
Gray partridgePerdix perdix
Western capercaillieTetrao urogallus

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes   Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

Common name Binomial Status
Greater flamingoPhoenicopterus roseus
Lesser flamingoPhoeniconaias minor(A) near-threatened

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Common name Binomial Status
Little grebeTachybaptus ruficollis(S)
Pied-billed grebePodilymbus podiceps(A)
Horned grebePodiceps auritus(A) vulnerable
Great crested grebePodiceps cristatus
Eared grebePodiceps nigricollis

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Common name Binomial Status
Rock pigeonColumba livia
Stock doveColumba oenas
Common wood-pigeonColumba palumbus
Trocaz pigeonColumba trocazendemic to the island of Madeira
European turtle-doveStreptopelia turturvulnerable
Eurasian collared-doveStreptopelia decaocto
Laughing doveSpilopelia senegalensis (I)
Mourning doveZenaida macroura(A) Azores only

Sandgrouse

Order: Pterocliformes   Family: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.

Common name Binomial Status
Pin-tailed sandgrousePterocles alchata
Black-bellied sandgrousePterocles orientalis

Bustards

Order: Otidiformes   Family: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

Common name Binomial Status
Great bustardOtis tardavulnerable
Little bustardTetrax tetraxnear-threatened

Cuckoos

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. The Old World cuckoos are brood parasites.

Common name Binomial Status
Great spotted cuckooClamator glandarius
Yellow-billed cuckooCoccyzus americanu(A) Azores only
Black-billed cuckooCoccyzus erythropthalmus(A) Azores only
Common cuckooCuculus canorus

Nightjars and allies

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Common name Binomial Status
Common nighthawkChordeiles minor(A) Azores and Madeiras only
Red-necked nightjarCaprimulgus ruficollis
Eurasian nightjarCaprimulgus europaeus

Swifts

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Common name Binomial Status
Chimney swiftChaetura pelagica(A) vulnerable
Alpine swiftApus melba
Common swiftApus apus
Plain swiftApus unicolorMadeiras only
Pallid swiftApus pallidus
Little swiftApus affinis(A)
White-rumped swiftApus caffer

Rails, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Common name Binomial Status
Water railRallus aquaticusAzores and Madeiras only
Corn crakeCrex crex(A)
SoraPorzana carolina(A)
Spotted crakePorzana porzana
Lesser moorhenGallinula angulata(A)
Eurasian moorhenGallinula chloropus
Eurasian cootFulica atra
Red-knobbed cootFulica cristata(A)
American cootFulica americana (A)
Allen's gallinulePorphyrio alleni(A)
Purple gallinulePorphyrio martinica(A)
Western swamphenPorphyrio porphyrio
Little crakeZapornia parva(A)
Baillon's crakeZapornia pusilla(A)

Cranes

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Common name Binomial Status
Demoiselle craneAnthropoides virgo(A)
Sandhill craneAntigone canadensis(A) Azores only
Common craneGrus grus

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian thick-kneeBurhinus oedicnemus

Stilts and avocets

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Common name Binomial Status
Black-winged stiltHimantopus himantopus
Pied avocetRecurvirostra avosetta

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian oystercatcherHaematopus ostralegusnear-threatened
Canarian oystercatcherHaematopus meadewaldoiMadeiras only, extinct

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Common name Binomial Status
Black-bellied ploverPluvialis squatarola
European golden-ploverPluvialis apricaria
American golden-ploverPluvialis dominica(A)
Pacific golden-ploverPluvialis fulva(A) Azores and Madeiras only
Northern lapwingVanellus vanellusnear-threatened
Sociable lapwingVanellus gregarius(A) critically endangered
Lesser sand-ploverCharadrius mongolus(A)
Kentish ploverCharadrius alexandrinus
Common ringed ploverCharadrius hiaticula
Semipalmated ploverCharadrius semipalmatus(A) Azores only
Little ringed ploverCharadrius dubius
KilldeerCharadrius vociferus(A)
Eurasian dotterelCharadrius morinellus(A)

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Common name Binomial Status
Upland sandpiperBartramia longicauda(A)
WhimbrelNumenius phaeopus
Slender-billed curlewNumenius tenuirostris(A) critically endangered
Eurasian curlewNumenius arquatanear-threatened
Bar-tailed godwitLimosa lapponicanear-threatened
Black-tailed godwitLimosa limosanear-threatened
Hudsonian godwitLimosa haemastica(A) Azores only
Ruddy turnstoneArenaria interpres
Red knotCalidris canutusnear-threatened
RuffCalidris pugnax
Broad-billed sandpiperCalidris falcinellus(A)
Sharp-tailed sandpiperCalidris acuminata(A)
Stilt sandpiperCalidris himantopus(A)
Curlew sandpiperCalidris ferrugineanear-threatened
Temminck's stintCalidris temminckii
SanderlingCalidris alba
DunlinCalidris alpina
Purple sandpiperCalidris maritima
Baird's sandpiperCalidris bairdii(A)
Little stintCalidris minuta
Least sandpiperCalidris minutilla(A) Azores only
White-rumped sandpiperCalidris fuscicollis(A)
Buff-breasted sandpiperCalidris subruficollis(A), near-threatened
Pectoral sandpiperCalidris melanotos(A)
Semipalmated sandpiperCalidris pusilla(A) near-threatened
Western sandpiperCalidris mauri(A) Azores and Madeiras only
Short-billed dowitcherLimnodromus griseus(A)
Long-billed dowitcherLimnodromus scolopaceus(A) Azores only
Jack snipeLymnocryptes minimus
Eurasian woodcockScolopax rusticola
Great snipeGallinago media(A) near-threatened
Common snipeGallinago gallinago
Wilson's snipeGallinago delicata(A)
Terek sandpiperXenus cinereus(A)
Wilson's phalaropePhalaropus tricolor(A)
Red-necked phalaropePhalaropus lobatus(S)
Red phalaropePhalaropus fulicarius(S)
Common sandpiperActitis hypoleucos
Spotted sandpiperActitis macularius(A)
Green sandpiperTringa ochropus
Solitary sandpiperTringa solitaria(A)
Gray-tailed tattlerTringa brevipes(A) Azores only, near-threatened
Spotted redshankTringa erythropus
Greater yellowlegsTringa melanoleuca(A)
Common greenshankTringa nebularia
WilletTringa semipalmata(A)
Lesser yellowlegsTringa flavipes(A)
Marsh sandpiperTringa stagnatilis
Wood sandpiperTringa glareola
Common redshankTringa totanus

Buttonquail

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Turnicidae

The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

Common name Binomial Status
Small buttonquailTurnix sylvaticus(A)

Pratincoles and coursers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long, pointed bills which curve downwards.

Common name Binomial Status
Cream-colored courserCursorius cursor(A)
Collared pratincoleGlareola pratincola

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Common name Binomial Status
Great skuaStercorarius skua
South polar skuaStercorarius maccormicki(S)
Pomarine jaegerStercorarius pomarinus
Parasitic jaegerStercorarius parasiticus
Long-tailed jaegerStercorarius longicaudus(A)

Auks, murres, and puffins

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Alcidae

Auks are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins and differ in being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.

Common name Binomial Status
DovekieAlle alle(A)
Common murreUria aalge
Thick-billed murreUria lomvia(A)
RazorbillAlca torda(S) near-threatened
Black guillemotCepphus grylle(S)
Atlantic puffinFratercula arctica(S) vulnerable

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

Common name Binomial Status
Black-legged kittiwakeRissa tridactyla(S) vulnerable
Ivory gullPagophila eburnea(A) near-threatened
Sabine's gullXema sabini
Slender-billed gullChroicocephalus genei(S)
Bonaparte's gullChroicocephalus philadelphia(A)
Black-headed gullChroicocephalus ridibundus
Little gullHydrocoloeus minutus(S)
Ross's gullRhodostethia rosea(S)
Laughing gullLeucophaeus atricilla(A)
Franklin's gullLeucophaeus pipixcan(A)
Mediterranean gullIchthyaetus melanocephalus(S)
Pallas's gullIchthyaetus ichthyaetus(A) Madeiras only
Audouin's gullIchthyaetus audouinii
Mew gullLarus canus
Ring-billed gullLarus delawarensis
Herring gullLarus argentatus
Yellow-legged gullLarus michahellis
Iceland gullLarus glaucoides(A)
Lesser black-backed gullLarus fuscus(S)
Glaucous gullLarus hyperboreus(A)
Great black-backed gullLarus marinus
Brown noddyAnous stolidus(A) Azores only
Sooty ternOnychoprion fuscatus(A)
Bridled ternOnychoprion anaethetus(A) Azores only
Little ternSternula albifrons(S)
Gull-billed ternGelochelidon nilotica(S)
Caspian ternHydroprogne caspia(S)
Black ternChlidonias niger
White-winged ternChlidonias leucopterus(S)
Whiskered ternChlidonias hybrida
Roseate ternSterna dougallii(S)
Common ternSterna hirundo
Arctic ternSterna paradisaea(S)
Forster's ternSterna forsteri(A)
Royal ternThalasseus maximus(A)
Sandwich ternThalasseus sandvicensis(S)
Lesser crested ternThalasseus bengalensis(S)

Tropicbirds

Order: Phaethontiformes   Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

Common name Binomial Status
White-tailed tropicbirdPhaethon lepturus(A)
Red-billed tropicbirdPhaeton aethereus(A)

Loons

Order: Gaviiformes   Family: Gaviidae

Loons, known as divers in Europe, are a group of aquatic birds found in many parts of North America and northern Europe. They are the size of a large duck or small goose, which they somewhat resemble when swimming, but to which they are completely unrelated.

Common name Binomial Status
Red-throated loonGavia stellata
Arctic loonGavia arctica
Common loonGavia immer

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest flying birds, with long, narrow wings for gliding. The majority are found in the Southern Hemisphere with only vagrants occurring in the North Atlantic.

Common name Binomial Status
Black-browed albatrossThalassarche melanophris(A)
Wandering albatrossDiomedea exulans(S)

Southern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Oceanitidae

Southern storm-petrels, are seabirds in the family Oceanitidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. These smallest of seabirds feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. Their flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Common name Binomial Status
Wilson's storm-petrelOceanites oceanicus
White-faced storm-petrelPelagodroma marina
Black-bellied storm-petrelFregetta tropica(A)

Northern storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

The northern storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels and are the smallest seabirds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Common name Binomial Status
European storm-petrelHydrobates pelagicus
Leach's storm-petrelOceanodroma leucorhoavulnerable
Swinhoe's storm-petrelOceanodroma monorhis(A) near-threatened
Band-rumped storm-petrelOceanodroma castro
Monteiro's storm-petrelOceanodroma monteiroibreeding endemic in the Azores, vulnerable

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

Common name Binomial Status
Northern fulmarFulmarus glacialis(A)
Trindade petrelPterodroma arminjoniana(A) Azores only, vulnerable
Zino's petrelPterodroma Madeiras Azores and Madeiras only, endangered
Fea's petrelPterodroma feae(S)
Bermuda petrelPterodroma cahow(A) Azores only, endangered
Black-capped petrelPterodroma hasitata(A) Azores and Madeiras only
Bulwer's petrelBulweria bulwerii
Cory's shearwaterCalonectis diomedea(S)
Cape Verde shearwaterCalonectris edwardsiiMadeiras only, near-threatened
Great shearwaterArdenna gravis
Sooty shearwaterArdenna griseus near-threatened
Manx shearwaterPuffinus puffinus
Balearic shearwaterPuffinus mauretanicuscritically endangered
Barolo shearwaterPuffinus baroli

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes   Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

Common name Binomial Status
Black storkCiconia nigra
White storkCiconia ciconia
Yellow-billed storkMycteria ibis(A)

Frigatebirds

Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Common name Binomial Status
Magnificent frigatebirdFregata magnificens(A)

Boobies and gannets

Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Common name Binomial Status
Masked boobySula dactylatra(A) Azores only
Brown boobySula leucogaster(A)
Red-footed boobySula sula(A) Azores only
Northern gannetMorus bassanus
Cape gannetMorus capensis(A) Azores only, endangered

Cormorants and shags

Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.

Common name Binomial Status
Great cormorantPhalacrocorax carbo(S)
European shagPhalacrocorax aristotelis
Double-crested cormorantPhalacrocorax auritus(A) Azores only

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

Common name Binomial Status
Pink-backed pelicanPelecanus rufescens(A)

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

Common name Binomial Status
American bitternBotaurus lentiginosus(A) Azores only
Great bitternBotaurus stellaris
Little bitternIxobrychus minutus
Least bitternIxobrychus exilis(A) Azores and Madeiras only
Great blue heronArdea herodias(A) Azores only
Gray heronArdea cinerea
Purple heronArdea purpurea
Great egretArdea alba(A)
Little egretEgretta garzetta(S)
Western reef-heronEgretta gularis(A)
Snowy egretEgretta thula(A) Azores only
Little blue heronEgretta caerulea(A) Azores only
Tricolored heronEgretta tricolor(A) Azores only
Cattle egretBubulcus ibis
Squacco heronArdeola ralloides
Green heronButorides virescens (A)
Black-crowned night-heronNycticorax nycticorax
Yellow-crowned night-heron Nyctanassa violacea(A) Azores and Madeiras only

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Common name Binomial Status
Glossy ibisPlegadis falcinellus
African sacred ibisThreskiornis aethiopicus(I)
Northern bald ibisGeronticus eremita(S) Azores only, endangered
Eurasian spoonbillPlatalea leucorodia

Osprey

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Common name Binomial Status
OspreyPandion haliaetus(S)

Hawks, eagles, and kites

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Common name Binomial Status
Black-winged kiteElanus caeruleus
Bearded vultureGypaetus barbatusextirpated, near-threatened
Egyptian vultureNeophron percnopterusendangered
European honey-buzzardPernis apivorus
Swallow-tailed kiteElanoides forficatus(A)
Cinereous vultureAegypius monachusnear-threatened
White-backed vultureGyps africanus(A) critically endangered
Rüppell's griffonGyps rueppellicritically endangered
Eurasian griffonGyps fulvus
Short-toed snake-eagleCircaetus gallicus
Lesser spotted eagleClanga pomarina(A)
Greater spotted eagleClanga clanga(A) vulnerable
Booted eagleHieraaetus pennatus
Spanish eagleAquila adalbertivulnerable
Golden eagleAquila chrysaetos
Bonelli's eagleAquila fasciata
Eurasian marsh-harrierCircus aeruginosus
Hen harrierCircus cyaneus
Northern harrierCircus hudsonius(A) Azores only
Pallid harrierCircus macrourusnear-threatened
Montagu's harrierCircus pygargus(S)
Eurasian sparrowhawkAccipiter nisus
Northern goshawkAccipiter gentilis
Red kiteMilvus milvusnear-threatened
Black kiteMilvus migrans(S)
White-tailed eagleHaliaeetus albicilla(A)
Rough-legged hawkButeo lagopus(A) Azores only
Common buzzardButeo buteo(S)
Long-legged buzzardButeo rufinus(A)

Barn-owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Common name Binomial Status
Barn owlTyto alba

Owls

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian scops-owlOtus scops
Eurasian eagle-owlBubo bubo
Snowy owlBubo scandiacus(A) Azores only, vulnerable
Little owlAthene noctua
Tawny owlStrix aluco
Long-eared owlAsio otus
Short-eared owlAsio flammeus
Marsh owlAsio capensis(A)

Hoopoes

Order: Bucerotiformes   Family: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian hoopoeUpupa epops(S)

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

Common name Binomial Status
Common kingfisherAlcedo atthis
Belted kingfisherCeryle alcyon (A) Azores only

Bee-eaters

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Common name Binomial Status
European bee-eaterMerops apiaster

Rollers

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Common name Binomial Status
European rollerCoracias garrulus

Woodpeckers

Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian wryneckJynx torquilla
Yellow-bellied sapsuckerSphyrapicus varius(A) Azores only
Middle spotted woodpeckerDryobates medius(A)
Great spotted woodpeckerDendrocopos major
Lesser spotted woodpeckerDendrocopos minor
Iberian green woodpeckerPicus sharpeinear-threatened
Northern flickerColaptes auratus(A) Azores only

Falcons and caracaras

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Common name Binomial Status
Lesser kestrelFalco naumanni
Eurasian kestrelFalco tinnunculus
American kestrelFalco sparverius(A) Azores only
Red-footed falconFalco vespertinus(A) near-threatened
Amur falconFalco amurensis(A) Azores only
Eleonora's falconFalco eleonorae
MerlinFalco columbarius
Eurasian hobbyFalco subbuteo
Lanner falconFalco biarmicus
Saker falconFalco cherrug(A) endangered
GyrfalconFalco rusticolus(A)
Peregrine falconFalco peregrinus

Old World parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Common name Binomial Status
Rose-ringed parakeetPsittacula krameri(I)

African and New World parrots

Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittacidae

Most of the more than 150 species in this family are found in the New World.

Common name Binomial Status
Monk parakeetMyiopsitta monachus(I)

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

Common name Binomial Status
Eastern wood-peweeContopus virens(A) Azores only
Western kingbirdTyrannus verticalis(A) Azores only

Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World and Southeast Asia.

Common name Binomial Status
White-eyed vireoVireo griseus(A) Azores only
Yellow-throated vireoVireo flavifrons(A) Azores only
Philadelphia vireoVireo philadelphicus(A) Azores only
Red-eyed vireoVireo olivaceus(A) Azores only

Old World orioles

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian golden orioleOriolus oriolus

Shrikes

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

Common name Binomial Status
Red-backed shrikeLanius collurio
Red-tailed shrikeLanius phoenicuroides(A)
Northern shrikeLanius borealis(A) Azores only
Iberian gray shrikeLanius meridionalis
Great gray shrikeLanius excubitor(S) vulnerable
Lesser gray shrikeLanius minor(A)
Woodchat shrikeLanius senator

Crows, jays, and magpies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian jayGarrulus glandarius
Iberian magpieCyanopica cooki
Eurasian magpiePica pica
Eurasian nutcrackerNucifraga caryocatactes(A)
Red-billed choughPyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Eurasian jackdawCorvus monedula
RookCorvus frugilegus(A)
Carrion crowCorvus corone
Hooded crowCorvus cornix(S)
Common ravenCorvus corax

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Common name Binomial Status
Coal titPeriparus ater
Crested titLophophanes cristatus
Marsh titPoecile palustris(A)
Eurasian blue titCyanistes caeruleus
Great titParus major

Penduline-tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Remizidae

The penduline-tits are a group of small passerine birds related to the true tits. They are insectivores.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian penduline-titRemiz pendulinus

Larks

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Common name Binomial Status
Greater short-toed larkCalandrella brachydactyla(S)
Calandra larkMelanocorypha calandra(S)
Dupont's larkChersophilus dupontiextirpated, near-threatened
Lesser short-toed larkAlaudala rufescens
Wood larkLullula arborea
Eurasian skylarkAlauda arvensis(S)
Thekla's larkGalerida theklae
Crested larkGalerida cristata(S)

Cisticolas and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.

Common name Binomial Status
Zitting cisticolaCisticola juncidis

Reed warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Common name Binomial Status
Eastern olivaceous warblerIduna pallida(S)
Western olivaceous warblerIduna opaca(S)
Melodious warblerHippolais polyglotta
Icterine warblerHippolais icterina(S)
Aquatic warblerAcrocephalus paludicola(A) vulnerable
Moustached warblerAcrocephalus melanopogon(A)
Sedge warblerAcrocephalus schoenobaenus
Paddyfield warblerAcrocephalus agricola(A)
Marsh warblerAcrocephalus palustris(A)
Eurasian reed warblerAcrocephalus scirpaceus(S)
African reed warblerAcrocephalus baeticatusAzores and Madeiras only
Great reed warblerAcrocephalus arundinaceus

Grassbirds and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Common name Binomial Status
Pallas's grasshopper-warblerLocustella certhiola(A)
River warblerLocustella fluviatilis(S) Madeiras only
Savi's warblerLocustella luscinioides(S)
Common grasshopper-warblerLocustella naevia

Swallows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Common name Binomial Status
Purple martinProgne subis(A) Azores only
Tree SwallowTachycineta bicolor(A) Azores only
Bank swallowRiparia riparia
Eurasian crag-martinPtyonoprogne rupestris
Barn swallowHirundo rustica
Red-rumped swallowCecropis daurica(S)
Cliff swallowPetrochelidon pyrrhonota(A) Azores only
Common house-martinDelichon urbicum

Leaf warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Phylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours.

Common name Binomial Status
Wood warblerPhylloscopus sibilatrix(A)
Western Bonelli's warblerPhylloscopus bonelli
Yellow-browed warblerPhylloscopus inornatus(A)
Pallas's leaf warblerPhylloscopus proregulus(A)
Dusky warblerPhylloscopus fuscatus(A)
Willow warblerPhylloscopus trochilus
Common chiffchaffPhylloscopus collybita
Iberian chiffchaffPhylloscopus ibericus
Arctic warblerPhylloscopus borealis(A)

Bush warblers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Scotocercidae

The members of this family are found throughout Africa, Asia, and Polynesia. Their taxonomy is in flux, and some authorities place some genera in other families.[6]

Common name Binomial Status
Cetti's warblerCettia cetti

Long-tailed tits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Aegithalidae

Long-tailed tits are a group of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.

Common name Binomial Status
Long-tailed titAegithalos caudatus(S)

Sylviid warblers, parrotbills, and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian blackcapSylvia atricapilla
Garden warblerSylvia borin
Lesser whitethroatSylvia curruca(A)
Western Orphean warblerSylvia hortensis
Menetries's warblerSylvia mystacea(A)
Subalpine warblerSylvia cantillans
Sardinian warblerSylvia melanocephala(S)
Greater whitethroatSylvia communis
Spectacled warblerSylvia conspicillata(S)
Dartford warblerSylvia undatanear-threatened

Kinglets

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Regulidae

The kinglets, also called crests, are a small group of birds often included in the Old World warblers, but frequently given family status because they also resemble the titmice.

Common name Binomial Status
GoldcrestRegulus regulus
Madeira firecrestRegulus madeirensisendemic to the island of Madeira
Common firecrestRegulus ignicapilla

Wallcreeper

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tichodromidae

The wallcreeper is a small bird related to the nuthatch family, which has stunning crimson, grey and black plumage.

Common name Binomial Status
WallcreeperTichodroma muraria(A)

Nuthatches

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian nuthatchSitta europaea(S)

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Common name Binomial Status
Short-toed treecreeperCerthia brachydactyla

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Troglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

Common name Binomial Status
Eurasian wrenTroglodytes troglodytes

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements.

Common name Binomial Status
White-throated dipperCinclus cinclus

Starlings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Common name Binomial Status
European starlingSturnus vulgaris
Spotless starlingSturnus unicolor
Rosy starlingPastor roseus(A)
Crested mynaAcridotheres cristatellus(I)

Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.

Common name Binomial Status
Gray catbirdDumetella carolinensis(A) Azores only

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Common name Binomial Status
VeeryCatharus fuscescens(A) Azores only
Gray-cheeked thrushCatharus minimus(A)
Swainson's thrushCatharus ustulatus(A) Azores only
Hermit thrushCatharus guttatus(A) Azores only
Wood thrushHylocichla mustelina(A) Azores and Madeiras only, near-threatened
Mistle thrushTurdus viscivorus
Song thrushTurdus philomelos
RedwingTurdus iliacusnear-threatened
Eurasian blackbirdTurdus merula
American robinTurdus migratorius(A) Azores only
Eyebrowed thrushTurdus obscurus (A)
FieldfareTurdus pilaris
Ring ouzelTurdus torquatus
Red-throated thrushTurdus ruficollis(A) Madeiras only
Naumann's thrushTurdus naumanni(A) Azores only

Old World flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Common name Binomial Status
Spotted flycatcherMuscicapa striata
Rufous-tailed scrub-robinCercotrichas galactotes
European robinErithacus rubecula
Common nightingaleLuscinia megarhynchos
BluethroatLuscinia svecica
Red-breasted flycatcherFicedula parva(A)
European pied flycatcherFicedula hypoleuca
Collared flycatcherFicedula albicollis(A)
Moussier's redstartPhoenicurus moussieri(A)
Common redstartPhoenicurus phoenicurus
Black redstartPhoenicurus ochruros
Rufous-tailed rock-thrushMonticola saxatilis
Blue rock-thrushMonticola solitarius
WhinchatSaxicola rubetra
European stonechatSaxicola rubicola
Siberian stonechatSaxicola maurus(S)
Northern wheatearOenanthe oenanthe
Isabelline wheatearOenanthe isabellina(A)
Desert wheatearOenanthe deserti(A)
Black-eared wheatearOenanthe hispanica
Black wheatearOenanthe leucura(A)
White-crowned wheatearOenanthe leucopyga(A)

Waxwings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

Common name Binomial Status
Bohemian waxwingBombycilla garrulus(A)
Cedar waxwingBombycilla cedrorum(A) Azores only

Weavers and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.

Common name Binomial Status
Black-headed weaverPloceus melanocephalus(I)
Yellow-crowned bishopEuplectes afer (I)

Waxbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Common name Binomial Status
Common waxbillEstrilda astrild(I)
Red avadavatAmandava amandava(I)
Scaly-breasted muniaLonchura punctulata(I)
Tricolored muniaLonchura malacca(I)

Indigobirds

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Viduidae

The indigobirds are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. All are brood parasites, which lay their eggs in the nests of estrildid finches.

Common name Binomial Status
Pin-tailed whydah Vidua macroura(I)

Accentors

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family, Prunellidae, which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. They are small, fairly drab species superficially similar to sparrows.

Common name Binomial Status
Alpine accentorPrunella collaris
DunnockPrunella modularis

Old World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Common name Binomial Status
House sparrowPasser domesticus
Spanish sparrowPasser hispaniolensis
Eurasian tree sparrowPasser montanus
Rock sparrowPetronia petronia
White-winged snowfinchMontifringilla nivalis(A)

Wagtails and pipits

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

Common name Binomial Status
Gray wagtailMotacilla cinerea
Western yellow wagtailMotacilla flava
Citrine wagtailMotacilla citreola(A)
White wagtailMotacilla alba
Richard's pipitAnthus richardi(A)
Blyth's pipitAnthus godlewskii(S)
Tawny pipitAnthus campestris(S)
Berthelot's pipitAnthus berthelotiiMadeiras only
Meadow pipitAnthus pratensis(S) near-threatened
Tree pipitAnthus trivialis(S)
Olive-backed pipitAnthus hodgsoni(A)
Red-throated pipitAnthus cervinus(A)
Water pipitAnthus spinoletta(S)
Rock pipitAnthus petrosus
American pipitAnthus rubescens(A) Azores only

Finches, euphonias, and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Common name Binomial Status
Common chaffinchFringilla coelebs
BramblingFringilla montifringilla
HawfinchCoccothraustes coccothraustes
Common rosefinchCarpodacus erythrinus(S)
Azores bullfinchPyrrhula murinaendemic to San Miguel in the Azores, vulnerable
Eurasian bullfinchPyrrhula pyrrhula(S)
Trumpeter finchBucanetes githagineus(S)
European greenfinchChloris chloris
TwiteLinaria flavirostris(A)
Eurasian linnetLinaria cannabina
Common redpollAcanthis flammea(A)
Hoary redpollAcanthis hornemanni(A) Azores only
Parrot crossbillLoxia pytyopsittacus(A) Madeiras only
Red crossbillLoxia curvirostra(S)
European goldfinchCarduelis carduelis
Citril finchCarduelis citrinella(A)
European serinSerinus serinus
Island canarySerinus canariaAzores and Madeiras only
Eurasian siskinSpinus spinus

Longspurs and snow buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds which had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

Common name Binomial Status
Lapland longspurCalcarius lapponicus(A)
Snow buntingPlectrophenax nivalis

Old World buntings

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

Common name Binomial Status
Corn buntingMiliaria calandra
Rock buntingEmberiza cia
Cirl buntingEmberiza cirlus
YellowhammerEmberiza citrinella
Ortolan buntingEmberiza hortulana
Pallas's buntingEmberiza pallasi(A)
Reed buntingEmberiza schoeniclus
Yellow-breasted buntingEmberiza aureola(A) critically endangered
Little buntingEmberiza pusilla(A)
Rustic buntingEmberiza rustica(A) vulnerable

New World sparrows

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passerellidae

The New World sparrows (or American sparrows) are a large family of seed-eating passerine birds with distinctively finch-like bills.

Common name Binomial Status
Dark-eyed juncoJunco hyemalis(A) Azores only
White-crowned sparrowZonotrichia leucophrys(A) Azores only
White-throated sparrowZonotrichia albicollis(A) Azores only
Savannah sparrowPasserculus sandwichensis(A) Azores only
Lincoln's sparrowMelospiza lincolnii(A) Azores only

Troupials and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Icteridae

Icterids make up a family of small- to medium-sized, often colorful, New-World passerine birds. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. The species in the family vary widely in size, shape, behavior and coloration.

Common name Binomial Status
BobolinkDolichonyx oryzivorus(A) Azores only
Baltimore orioleIcterus galbula(A) Azores only

New World warblers

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Parulidae

The New World warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.

Common name Binomial Status
OvenbirdSeiurus aurocapilla(A) Azores only
Northern waterthrushParkesia noveboracensis(A) Azores only
Golden-winged warblerVermivora chrysoptera(A) Azores only, near-threatened
Blue-winged warblerVermivora cyanoptera(A) Azores only
Black-and-white warblerMniotilta varia(A) Azores only
Prothonotary warblerProtonotaria citrea(A) Azores only
Tennessee warblerOreothlypis peregrina(A) Azores only
Connecticut warblerOporornis agilis(A) Azores only
Common yellowthroatGeothlypis trichas(A)
Hooded warblerSetophaga citrina(A) Azores only
American redstartSetophaga ruticilla(A) Azores and Madeiras only
Cape May warblerSetophaga tigrina(A) Azores only
Northern parulaSetophaga americana(A) Azores only
Magnolia warblerSetophaga magnolia(A) Azores only
Bay-breasted warblerSetophaga castanea(A) Azores only
Blackburnian warblerSetophaga fusca(A) Azores only
Yellow warblerSetophaga petechia(S) Azores and Madeiras only
Chestnut-sided warblerSetophaga pensylvanica(A) Azores only
Blackpoll warblerSetophaga striata(A) Azores only, near-threatened
Black-throated blue warblerSetophaga caerulescens(A) Azores only
Yellow-rumped warblerSetophaga coronata(S) Azores only
Yellow-throated warblerSetophaga dominica(A) Azores only
Black-throated green warblerSetophaga virens(A) Azores only
Canada warblerCardellina canadensis(A) Azores only
Wilson's warblerCardellina pusilla(A) Azores only

Cardinals and allies

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

Common name Binomial Status
Summer tanagerPiranga rubra(A) Azores only
Scarlet tanagerPiranga olivacea(A) Azores only
Rose-breasted grosbeakPheucticus ludovicianus(A) Azores only
Blue grosbeakPasserina caerulea(A) Azores only
Indigo buntingPasserina cyanea(A) Azores only
DickcisselSpiza americana(A) Azores only

References

  1. Carlsson, Bosse; Torsson, Ingvar (July 27, 2020). "Portugal bird checklist". iGoTerra. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  2. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved August 15, 2019
  3. Lepage, Denis (August 1, 2020). "Checklist of birds of Portugal". Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  4. Lepage, Denis (August 2, 2020). "Checklist of birds of the Azores". Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  5. Lepage, Denis (August 2, 2020). "Checklist of birds of the Madeiras". Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  6. Gill, F. and D. Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.2). doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/ retrieved 22 June 2019

See also

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