List of converts to Christianity from Islam
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| Between 8.4 million (2014 study)[1] - 10.2 million (2015 study)[2] According to the study 6 million of those converts came from Indonesia; however, the 6 million figure also includes descendents of those converts.
|
History
- Section contains alphabetical listing of converts from earlier times until the end of the 19th century
A
Saint Abo of Tiflis, Patron Saint of Tbilisi, Georgia
- Abo of Tiflis – Christian activist and the patron saint of the city of Tbilisi, Georgia[19]
- Abraham of Bulgaria – martyr and saint of the Russian Orthodox Church[20]
- St. Adolphus – martyr who was put to death along with his brother, John, by Abd ar-Rahman II, the Caliph of Córdoba, for apostasy[21]
- Jabalah ibn al-Aiham – last ruler of the Ghassanid state in Syria and Jordan in the 7th century AD; after the Islamic conquest of Levant he converted to Islam in AD 638; later reverted to Christianity and lived in Anatolia until he died in AD 645[22]
- Leo Africanus – Moorish diplomat who was converted to Christianity following his capture.[23][24]
- Safdar Ali – former Maulvi (cleric) from India[25]
- Saint Hodja Amiris – former Ottoman soldier stationed in Jerusalem who converted to Christianity in the 17th century and was subsequently tortured and killed for the crime of apostasy in Islam[26]
- Avraamy Aslanbegov – Russian-Azeri vice-admiral and military writer of the Russian Empire, converted to Eastern Orthodox Christianity[27]
- Aurelius and Natalia – martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Caliph of Córdoba for apostasy[28]
B
- Simeon Bekbulatovich – Khan of Qasim Khanate[29]
- Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassky – Russian officer of Circassian origin who led the first Russian military expedition into Central Asia[30]
- Sayed Borhan Khan – Khan of Qasim Khanate from 1627 to 1679;[29] was forced to convert to Christianity by Russian forces following the Siege of Kazan[29][31]
C
Constantine the African was a physician who converted to Christian-Catholicism from Sunni Islam.[32][33]
- Chehab family – refer to Shihab dynasty under "S" in same section
- Constantine the African – Baghdad-educated Muslim who died in 1087 as a Christian monk at Monte Cassino[34][33]
- Constantine Hagarit[35] – born in Smyrna to a Muslim family under the Ottoman Empire during the 19th century; converted to Orthodox Christianity and was subsequently imprisoned, tortured and executed by hanging for apostasy on 2 June 1819
- Converso – substantial numbers of Iberian Muslims who converted to Catholicism in Spain or Portugal, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries. These New Christians of Moorish Berber origin were known as Moriscos. Over 1 million of these Moriscos were converted from Islam to Christianity, many of whom were forced to convert.[36][37] Many Moriscos became devout in their new Christian faith and become sincere Christians.[38]
E
- Eleni of Ethiopia – Empress of Ethiopia, forcibly married and converted to Christianity by Kewstantinos I after his invasion of Hadiya.
- Estevanico – Berber originally from Morocco and one of the early explorers of the Southwestern United States[39]
G
- George XI of Kartli – Georgian monarch who ruled Eastern Georgia from 1676 to 1688 and again from 1703 to 1709; an Eastern Orthodox Christian, he converted to Islam prior to his appointment as governor of Qandahar; later converted to Roman Catholicism[40]
- George of Hungary – (c. 1422–1502)[41] was an Ottoman slave that escaped and reverted back from Islam to Christianity.
H
- Umar ibn Hafsun – leader of anti-Ummayad dynasty forces in southern Iberia; converted to Christianity with his sons and ruled over several mountain valleys for nearly forty years, having the castle Bobastro as his residence[42]
J
- Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh – brother of Zaynab bint Jahsh, the wife of Muhammad and one of the male Sahaba (companions of Muhammad)[43]
- Don Juan of Persia (1560–1604) – late 16th- and early 17th-century figure in Iran and Spain; also known as Faisal Nazary; was a native of Iran, who later moved westward; settled in Spain where he became a Roman Catholic[44]
- Jesse of Kakheti – Georgian prince of the Bagrationi dynasty, son of King Leon of Kakheti converted to Islam in the Service of the Safavid dynasty, but returned to Orthodox Christianity after his return to Georgia[45]
- Jesse of Kartli – Georgian prince of the Bagrationi dynasty (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity)[46]
K
- Alexander Kazembek – Russian Orientalist, historian and philologist of Azeri origin[47]
L
Imad ud-din Lahiz was an Islamic writer, preacher and Quranic translator, who converted to Christianity from Islam.
- Imad ud-din Lahiz – prolific Islamic writer, preacher and Qur'anic translator[48]
Sake Dean Mahomed was a traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur who converted to Christianity from Sunni Islam.[49]
M
- Sake Dean Mahomed (born Sheikh Din Muhammad) – Indian traveller, surgeon and entrepreneur who introduced the Indian take-away curry house restaurant in Britain; first Indian to have written a book in the English language;[50][51] converted to marry Jane Daly, an Irish Protestant, as it was illegal for a non-Protestant to marry a Protestant[49]
- Enrique de Malaca – Malay slave of Ferdinand Magellan, converted to Roman Catholicism after being purchased in 1511[52][53]
- Abdul Masih – Indian indigenous missionary; ordained Anglican and Lutheran minister;[54][55] often referred to as the most influential indigenous Christian to shape nineteenth-century Christian missions in India; religious author
- Ahmed ibn Merwan – Seljek Turk lieutenant during the First Crusade. He converted to Christianity sometime after surrendering Antioch to the Crusaders.
- Mizse – last Palatine of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary in 1290; born into a Muslim family in Tolna County in the Kingdom of Hungary; converted to Roman Catholicism[56]
- St. George El Mozahem – Coptic saint[57][58][59]
N
- Aurelius and Natalia (died 852) – Christian martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Emir of Córdoba, and are counted among the Martyrs of Córdoba; Aurelius was the son of a Muslim father and a Christian mother. He was also secretly a follower of Christianity, as was his wife Natalia, who was also the child of a Muslim father.[60]
- Ibrahim Njoya – Bamum king; back and forth conversions from Islam to Christianity[61]
- Nunilo and Alodia – 9th-century sisters recognized as Catholic saints and martyrs in Moorish Spain, executed for apostasy for converting to Christianity
Q
- Qays al-Ghassani – a Christian Arab of the 10 century, from Najran, southern Arabia. He converted to Islam in his youth. He later reverted to Christianity and became a monk. He was tried at Ramla for apostacy but refused to return to Islam and was beheaded.[62]
R
- Stefan Razvan – Gypsy prince who ruled Moldavia for six months in 1595[63]
- Emily Ruete - Zanzibari princess born as Salama bint Said [64]
S
Portrait of Bashir Shihab II, emir (prince) who ruled Ottoman Lebanon in the first half of the 19th century
- Omar ibn Said – writer and scholar of Islam, enslaved and deported from present-day Senegal to the United States in 1807, formally converted to Christianity in 1820, though appears to have remained at least partially Muslim.
- Begum Samru – powerful lady of north India, ruling a large area from Sardhana, Uttar Pradesh[65]
- Saint Serapion of Kozheozersky – former Muslim of Tartar ancestry who converted to Christianity and founded the Kozheozersky Monastery in northern Russia[66]
- The Sibirsky family – foremost of many Genghisid (Shaybanid) noble families formerly living in Russia[67][68]
- Shihab family or alternatively Chehab family – prominent Lebanese noble family; having converted from Sunni Islam, the religion of his predecessors, to Christianity at the end of the 18th century. Descendants were Maronite rulers of the Emirate of Mount Lebanon[69][70]
- Bashir Shihab II – Lebanese emir (prince) who ruled Ottoman Lebanon in the first half of the 19th century; his family was Sunni Muslim; some of them converted to Maronite Catholic Christianity at the end of the 18th century[71][72][73][74]
- Skanderbeg – Albanian military leader; was forcibly converted to Islam from Christianity, but reverted to Christianity later in life[75]
- Maria Aurora von Spiegel (born Fatima) – Turkish mistress of Augustus II the Strong and the wife of a Polish noble[76]
T
- Tabaraji of Ternate – Indonesian sultan; converted to Roman Catholicism after 1534 and baptised with the name Dom Manuel[77][78]
- Casilda of Toledo – daughter of a Muslim king of Toledo (called Almacrin or Almamun); became ill as a young woman and traveled to northern Iberia to partake of the healing waters of the shrine of San Vicente; when she was cured, she was baptized at Burgos; venerated as a saint of the Catholic Church[79]
U
- Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh (Arabic: عبيد الله بن جحش) – brother of Zaynab bint Jahsh, brother in law and first cousin of Muhammad and one of the male Sahaba (companions of the Prophet);[43] he has been cited as one of the four monotheistic hanifs by Ibn Ishaq who converted to Christianity after his migration to Abyssinia[80]
- Utameshgaray of Kazan – Khan of Kazan Khanate;[29] was forced to convert to Christianity following the Siege of Kazan[29]
X
- Muley Xeque (Arabic: مولاي الشيخ Mawlay al-Shaykh) – Moroccan prince, born in Marrakech in 1566; exiled in Spain, he converted to Roman Catholicism in Madrid and was known as Philip of Africa or Philip of Austria[81]
Y
- Yadegar Moxammat of Kazan – last khan of Kazan Khanate[29]
Z
- Zaida of Seville – born an Iberian Muslim; when Seville fell to the Almoravids, she fled to the protection of Alfonso VI of Castile, becoming his mistress, converting to Christianity and taking the baptismal name of Isabel[82]
- Zayd Abu Zayd – the last Almohad governor of Valencia, Spain; remained a loyal ally of James I; in 1236 he converted to Roman Catholicism, adopting the name of Vicente Bellvis, a fact which he kept secret until the fall of Valencia[83]
20th and 21st century
A
- Aslan Abashidze – this former leader of the Ajarian Autonomous Republic in western Georgia was born into a renowned Muslim Ajarian family,[84] but later he converted to Christianity.[85]
- Basuki Abdullah – Indonesian painter; converted to Roman Catholicism[86]
- Saeed Abedini – Iranian-American pastor imprisoned in Iran, Abedini is an American and a former Muslim who converted to Christianity in 2000[87][88][89]
- Taysir Abu Saada – this former member of the PLO founded the ministry Hope For Ishmael after he converted to Christianity;Yasir Arafat's personal driver[90][91]
- Rotimi Adebari – first Black mayor in Ireland[92]
- Inaara Aga Khan – second wife of Aga Khan IV who returned to her Christian faith adopting her birth name "Gabriele" after the completion of their divorce.[93]
- Mehmet Ali Ağca – Turkish assassin who murdered left-wing journalist Abdi İpekçi on 1 February 1979; later shot and wounded Pope John Paul II on 13 May 1981; while in prison in 2007 he claimed to convert to Christianity[94]
- Magdi Allam (baptized as Magdi Cristiano Allam) – Italy's most famous Islamic affairs journalist[95]
- Zachariah Anani – former Sunni Muslim Lebanese militia fighter[96]
- Juan Andrés – name chosen by a Spanish Muslim scholar who converted to Catholicism and wrote a well known polemical work against Islam, the Confusión o confutación de la secta mahomética y del Alcorán[97]
- Matthew Ashimolowo – Nigerian-born British pastor and evangelist[98]
- Asmirandah – Indonesian actress of Dutch descent; converted to Protestantism in December 2013; owes her conversion to an experience of having dreamed three times of Jesus Christ[99][100][101][102]
- Johannes Avetaranian – born Muhammad Shukri Efendi, Christian missionary of Turkish heritage[103]
B
Josephine Bakhita, Roman Catholic saint from Darfur, Sudan
- Parveen Babi – former Indian actress and an erstwhile fashion model; born in Junagadh, Gujarat to a Muslim family,[104] and later converted to Christianity during the last years of her life, and was baptised in a Protestant Anglican church at Malabar Hill[105]
- Tunde Bakare – Pentecostal pastor and Nigerian politician.
- Josephine Bakhita – Roman Catholic saint from Darfur, Sudan. She was forcibly converted to Islam[106][107] On 9 January 1890 Bakhita was baptised with the names of Josephine Margaret and Fortunata.
- Sarah Balabagan – Filipina prisoner in the United Arab Emirates, 1994-96[108]
- Fathima Rifqa Bary – American teenager of Sri Lankan descent who drew international attention in 2009 when she ran away from home and claimed that her Muslim parents might kill her for having converted to Christianity[109]
- Sheikh Ahmed Barzani – head of Barzani Tribe in Iraqi Kurdistan and older brother of Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish nationalist leader; announced his conversion to Christianity in 1931 during the anti-government uprising[110]
- Mohammed Christophe Bilek – Algerian former Muslim who lives in France since 1961; baptized Roman Catholic in 1970; in the 1990s, he founded Our Lady of Kabyle, a French website devoted to evangelisation among Muslims[111]
- Francis Bok – Sudanese-American activist, convert to Islam from Christianity; but later returned to his Christian faith[112]
- Jean-Bédel Bokassa – Central African Republic Emperor (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity)[113][114]
- Thomas Boni Yayi – Beninese banker and politician who has been President of Benin since 2006;[115] originally from a Muslim family; is now an Evangelical Protestant[116]
- Broery – Indonesian singer (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity)[117][118]
C
Michał Czajkowski, a Polish-Cossack writer and political emigre who worked both for the resurrection of Poland
- Moussa Dadis Camara – ex-officer of the Guinean army who served as the president of the Republic of Guinea; Roman Catholic Christian convert from Islam[119][120][121]
- Rianti Cartwright – Indonesian actress, model, presenter and VJ; two weeks before departure to the United States to get married, she left Islam to become a baptized Catholic with the name Sophia Rianti Rhiannon Cartwright[122][123]
- Chamillionaire (born Hakeem Seriki) – American rapper[124][125]
- Djibril Cissé – French international footballer[126][127]
- Hansen Clarke – U.S. Representative for Michigan's 13th congressional district[128]
- Eldridge Cleaver – initially associated with the Nation of Islam, then Evangelical Christianity, then Mormonism[129][130]
- Michał Czajkowski – Polish-Cossack writer and political emigre who worked both for the resurrection of Poland and the reestablishment of a Cossack Ukraine[131]
D
- Justinus Darmojuwono – first Indonesian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church; served as Archbishop of Semarang from 1963 to 1981, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1967; converted to Catholicism in 1932[132]
- Nonie Darwish – Egyptian-American writer, human rights activist, critic of Islam, founder of Arabs for Israel, director of Former Muslims United
- Hassan Dehqani-Tafti – first ethnic Persian to become a Christian bishop of Iran since the 7th century and the Islamic conquest of Persia[133]
- Mehdi Dibaj – Iranian Christian convert from Shia Islam, pastor and Christian martyr[134][135]
- Momolu Dukuly – Liberian politician; became the second foreign minister under William V.S. Tubman[136][137]
- Daniel Bambang Dwi Byantoro – leader (and Archimandrite) of the Indonesian Orthodox Church[138][139]
E
Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiary, Queen consort of Iran
- Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad – Egyptian former Muslim sheikh whose theological discourse with a Christian led him to conduct an intensive study of Christian Scripture, after which he converted to Christianity in January 2005[140]
- Mohammed Elewonibi – Nigerian-Canadian football player[141]
- Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari – second wife and Queen Consort of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the late Shah of Iran who converted to Roman Catholicism[142]
F
- Joseph Fadelle (born Mohammed al-Sayyid al-Moussawi) – Roman Catholic convert from Islam and writer born in 1964 in Iraq to a Shiite family[143][144] · [145]
- Rima Fakih – Lebanese-American actress, model, professional wrestler and beauty pageant titleholder; Miss USA 2010; converted to Maronite Christianity[146]
- Donald Fareed – Iranian televangelist and minister[147]
- Hazem Farraj – Palestinian-American writer, minister, and televangelist[148]
G
- Mark A. Gabriel – Egyptian Islamic scholar and writer[149]
- Daveed Gartenstein-Ross – counter-terrorism expert and attorney (from Judaism to Islam to Christianity)[150][151]
- Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila – American football defensive end who was drafted by the Green Bay Packers and is currently a free agent
- Fathia Ghali – Egyptian princess and youngest daughter of Fuad I of Egypt and Nazli Sabri[152]
- Ruffa Gutierrez – Filipina actress, model and former beauty queen (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity)[153]
H
- Naveed Afzal Haq – Pakistani-American charged for the July 2006 Seattle Jewish Federation shooting; converted to Christianity in December 2005 but reverted to Islam by the time of the shooting[154]
I
- Tunch Ilkin – former Turkish American football player[155]
- Qadry Ismail – former American football player[156]
- Raghib Ismail – former American football player[157]
J
- Sabatina James (born 1982) – born in Dhedar, Pakistan; Austrian-Pakistani book author; started a new life in Vienna, changing her name and converting to Catholicism; baptized in 2006[158]
- Esther John – born to a Pakistani Muslim family; converted to Christianity; became a nurse to rural communities in Northern India and was later murdered[159]
- Mario Joseph – born into a Muslim family, he became a notable Imam before the age of 18, but subsequently converted to Catholicism whereupon he was tortured and forced to flee to Europe[160]
- Lina Joy – Malay convert from Islam to Christianity; born Azlina Jailani in 1964 in Malaysia to Muslim parents of Javanese descent; converted at age 26; in 1998, she was baptized, and applied to have her conversion legally recognized by the Malaysian courts[161]
K
- Emir Kusturica – Serbian and Yugoslavian filmmaker and actor[162][163]
L
- Dr. Nur Luke – Uyghur Bible translator[164]
- Fernão Lopes (soldier) – 16th-century Portuguese soldier in India who converted to Roman Catholicism[165]
- Yusuf Lule – President of Uganda between 13 April and 20 June 1979[166]
M
- Pinkan Mambo (born Pinkan Ratnasari Mambo) – Indonesian singer; converted in 2010; decision taken after admitting she studied various religions of the world and eventually dropped in awe of Jesus Christ[167][168][169]
- Fadhma Aït Mansour – mother of French writers Jean Amrouche and Taos Amrouche[170]
- Roy Marten (born Wicasksono Abdul Salam) – Indonesian actor whose family was converted to Roman Catholicism during his childhood but who converted later to Indonesian Orthodoxy in 1997[171][172][173]
- Josef Mässrur (born Ghäsim Khan) – missionary to Chinese Turkestan with the Mission Union of Sweden[174]
- Carlos Menem – former President of Argentina; raised a Nusayri but converted to Roman Catholicism, a constitutional requirement for accessing the presidency until 1994[175]
- Archbishop Thomas Luke Msusa – born into a Muslim family; converted to Christianity as a child and later became an archbishop in his home country of Malawi, as well as converting and baptizing his father, a former imam[176]
- Muhsin Muhammad – current American football player for the Carolina Panthers, raised in a Muslim household, later converted to Christianity[177]
- Paul Mulla – Turkish scholar and professor of Islamic Studies at the Pontifical Oriental Institute[178]
N
- Youcef Nadarkhani – Iranian Christian pastor who has been sentenced to death for apostasy[179]
- Diana Nasution – Indonesian singer, converted to Protestantism after marriage[180][181]
- Marina Nemat – Canadian author of Iranian descent and former political prisoner of the Iranian government; born into a Christian family, she converted to Islam in order to avoid execution but later reverted to Christianity[182]
O
- Malika Oufkir – Moroccan writer and daughter of General Mohamed Oufkir; she and her siblings are converts from Islam to Catholici; and she writes in her book, Stolen Lives, "we had rejected Islam, which had brought us nothing good, and opted for Catholicism instead".[183]
P
- Shams Pahlavi – Iranian princess and the elder sister of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran[184]
- Hamid Pourmand – former Iranian army colonel and lay leader of the Jama'at-e Rabbani, the Iranian branch of the Assemblies of God church in Iran[185]
- Agni Pratistha – Indonesian actress, model and former beauty queen (elected Puteri Indonesia 2006), converted to Catholicism after marriage, although initially denied rumors of conversion[186][187][188]
Q
- Nabeel Qureshi – former Ahmadiyya Muslim; converted to Evangelical Christianity in 2005; became an internationally recognized apologist with Ravi Zacharias International Ministries[189][190]
R
- Daud Rahbar – Pakistani scholar of Comparative religions, composer, short story writer, translator, philosopher, contributor to inter-civilization dialogue, musicologist, drummer, singer and guitarist[191][192]
- Abdul Rahman – Afghan convert to Christianity who escaped the death penalty because of foreign pressure[193]
- Brother Rachid – Moroccan Christian convert from Islam; hosts a weekly live call-in show on AL-Hayat channel
- Majeed Rashid Mohammed – Kurdish Christian convert from Islam; established a network with former Kurdish Muslims with about 2,000 members today[194]
- Dewi Rezer – Indonesian model of French descent; converted to Roman Catholicism[195][196]
- Emily Ruete (born Sayyida Salme) – Princess of Zanzibar and Oman[197][198]
S
Albertus Soegijapranata, a national hero of Indonesia, was the first native Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop in Indonesia.
- Nazli Sabri – Queen consort of Egypt;[199] converted to Catholicism in 1950 and took the name "Mary Elizabeth"
- Kyai Sadrach – Indonesian missionary[200][201]
- Lukman Sardi – Indonesian actor; converted to Christianity after marriage[202][203][204]
- Rev. Manigun Sayed], Muslim convert in Manipur (born in 1965 and converted to Christianity in 1985), from Manipur, India
- Mohamed Alí Seineldín – former Argentine army colonel who participated in two failed coup attempts against the democratically elected governments of both President Raúl Alfonsín and President Carlos Menem in 1988 and 1990[205]
- Bilquis Sheikh – Pakistani author and Christian missionary[206]
- Walid Shoebat – American author and former member of the PLO[207]
- Nasir Siddiki – Canadian evangelist, author, and business consultant[208]
- Amir Sjarifuddin – Indonesian socialist leader who later became the prime minister of Indonesia during its National Revolution[209]
- James Scurry – British soldier and statesman[210]
- Rudolf Carl von Slatin – Anglo-Austrian soldier and administrator in the Sudan[211]
- Albertus Soegijapranata – born in Surakarta, Dutch East Indies, to a Muslim courtier and his wife who later converted to Catholicism; the first native Indonesian bishop; known for his pro-nationalistic stance, often expressed as "100% Catholic, 100% Indonesian"[212]
- Patrick Sookhdeo – British Anglican canon[213]
T
- Hakan Taştan and Turan Topal – two Turkish Christian converts who went on trial in 2006, on charges of "allegedly insulting 'Turkishness' and inciting religious hatred against Islam"[214]
- Hary Tanoesoedibjo – Indonesian politician and businessman[215][216]
- Maria Temryukovna – Circassian princess, and second wife to Ivan IV of Russia; born in a Muslim upbringing; baptised into the Russian Orthodox Church on 21 August 1561[217]
- Aman Tuleyev – Russian governor of Kemerovo Oblast[218]
U
- Udo Ulfkotte – German journalist who was born a Christian, became an atheist, then converted to Islam and finally converted back to Christianity[219][220]
- Lyasan Utiasheva – Russian gymnast, convert to Eastern Orthodox Christianity[221][222][223]
V
- Erion Veliaj - Albanian politician, current Mayor of Tirana. Converted to Evangelicalism after contact with missionaries from the United States.[224][225][226]
- Julia Volkova – Russian singer and actress best known as a member of the Russian pop duo, t.A.T.u.[227][228][229]
W
- George Weah – Liberian soccer player (from Christianity to Islam back to Christianity)[230]
- Sigi Wimala – Indonesian model and actress, converted to Catholicism after marriage[231][232][233]
- Ibrahim Tunggul Wulung – Indonesian evangelist and missionary[234][235]
- Wu'erkaixi – Uyghur dissident known for his leading role during the Tiananmen protests of 1989[236]
Y
- Mosab Hassan Yousef – son of a Hamas leader[237]
- Nania Kurniawati Yusuf – Indonesian singer, finalist of the first season of Indonesian Idol, 2004[238][239]
Z
- Saye Zerbo – President of the Republic of Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso)[240]
References
- Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2014). "LIVING AMONG THE BREAKAGE: CONTEXTUAL THEOLOGY-MAKING AND EX-MUSLIM CHRISTIANS". The University of Edinburgh: 89.
- Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2015). "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census". Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion. 11: 8. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- USSD Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (2009). "International Religious Freedom Report 2009". Archived from the original on 30 November 2009. Retrieved 6 March 2010.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2015). "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census". IJRR. 11 (10): 1–19. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- "5,000 Azerbaijanis adopted Christianity" (in Russian). Day.az. 7 July 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2012.
- "Christian Missionaries Becoming Active in Azerbaijan" (in Azerbaijani). Tehran Radio. 19 June 2011. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
- Algeria: Situation of Christians, including the treatment of Christians by society and by the authorities
- "Muslims Turn to Christ – ChristianAction". Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
- In Europe, many Muslims renounce Islam, embrace Christianity: Report
- Gary Lane. "House Churches Growing in Iran". Cbn.com. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- "Нац состав.rar". Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
- Netherlands: Muslim converts to Christianity live in fear
- TURKEY: Protestant church closed down
- Turkish Protestants still face 'long path' to religious freedom
- khadijabibi (30 October 2009). "35,000 Muslims convert into Christianity each year in Turkey". Chowk.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2010.
- Christians in Kosovo Conversion rate
- Jeni Mitchell. "FREEradicals – Targeting Christians in Central Asia". Icsr.info. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- "Despite Government Set-backs, Christianity Is Alive in Central Asia". Opendoorsusa.org. 30 November 2011. Archived from the original on 10 January 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
- Collected Papers in Greek And Georgian Textual Criticism, pg. 174.; "January 8th Saints"
- Michael Walsh, A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West, Liturgical Press, 2007, ISBN 0-8146-3186-X, Google Print, p. 3.
- Holweck, F. G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co. p. 84.
- [The New Encyclopedia of Islam] p.154
- Masonen 2001.
- Kevin Shillington (14 May 2012), History of Africa, ISBN 9781137003331,
Leo Africanus (following his capture by Christians and forced conversion to Christianity
- https://books.google.com/books?id=qxcFAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA125&dq=%22safdar+ali%22+church+missionary+intelligencer&hl=en&ei=271tTce5F4rHgAeHhtjzAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false THE CHURCH MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCER
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Shamistan Nazarli. Karabakh Battles of the 1920s. Azerbaijan National Library. Baku, 2009; p. 125
- Wolf, Kenneth Baxter. "Chapter 2: Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain". libro.uca.edu. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
- Massie, Robert K. (1981). Peter the Great. Soviet Union: Ballantine Books. p. 469. ISBN 0345298063.
- "Säyed Borhan xan/Сәет Борһан хан". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
- "No. 2097 Constantine the African". www.uh.edu. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- Constantine the African, or Constantinus Africanus (medieval medical scholar)
- "No. 2097 Constantine the African". www.uh.edu. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "Orthodox Missions among Muslims · Journey To Orthodoxy". Journey To Orthodoxy. 7 June 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- Stallaert, C. 1998
- Stuart B. Schwartz (October 2008), All Can Be Saved: Religious Tolerance and Salvation in the Iberian Atlantic, p. 62, ISBN 978-0300150537
- Vassberg, David E. (28 November 2002). The Village and the Outside World in Golden Age Castile: Mobility and Migration in Everyday Rural Life. Cambridge University Press. p. 142. ISBN 9780521527132.
We know that many of the Moriscos were well acculturated to Christian ways, and that many had even become sincere Roman Catholics.
- Estevanico (aka Estevan, Esteban, Estebanico, Black Stephen, Stephen the Moor)
- "Nadir Shah and the Afsharid Legacy", The Cambridge history of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic, Ed. Peter Avery, William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly and Charles Melville, (Cambridge University Press, 1991), 11.
- Burke, Peter (2012). Translating the Turks. Brill Publishers.
- Damien Simonis, Sarah Andrews, Spain, Lonely Planet, 2005, ISBN 1-74059-700-1, Google Print, pp. 743.
- "Marriages of the Holy Prophet". Al-islam.org. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- Don Juan of Persia: A Shi'ah Catholic
- Allen, W.E.D. (1932). A history of the Georgian people; from the beginning down to the Russian conquest in the nineteenth century. London: Routledge & K. Paul. p. 383. ISBN 0-7100-6959-6.
- http://www.geneagraphie.com/getperson.php?personID=I670984&tree=1 Family all over the world
- (in Russian) Alexander Kazembek: Light from the East by Alexei Pylev. 13 April 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2006
- Heirs of the Prophets: An account of the clergy and Priests of Islam, Samuel Marinus Zwemer, Moody press, 1946, p. 127 – "There are some examples which could easily be multiplied. Dr. Imad-ud-Din was a leading Sufi and theologian in the Punjaub. He was appointed to preach against Dr. Pfander in the royal mosque at Agra; he read the Scriptures, believed and was baptised, and with another great theologian and Sufi, Safdar Ali, became a missionary to his people. Afterwards he received a doctorate from Oxford University. His baptism took place New Year's Day, 1868, together with his aged father and brother. Other distinguished converts in the Punjab, such as Imam Shah, were also from the clergy."
- India in the Time of Dean
- http://forgottennewsmakers.com/2013/12/29/sake-dean-mahomed-1759-1851-first-indian-to-publish-a-book-own-a-restaurant-and-do-shampooing-in-england/ SAKE DEAN MAHOMED (1759 – 1851) First Indian to Publish a Book, Own a Restaurant and Do "Shampooing" in England
- http://www.criterion-quarterly.com/sake-dean-mahomet-1759-1851/ Sake Dean Mahomet (1759-1851)
- http://www.theawl.com/2012/07/the-slave-who-circumnavigated-the-world The Slave Who Circumnavigated The World
- http://www.voaindonesia.com/content/sejarawan-harvard-penjelajah-bumi-pertama-putera-melayu/1711514.html Sejarawan Universitas Harvard: Penjelajah Bumi Pertama adalah Putera Melayu
- https://books.google.com/books?id=oQ8BFk9K0ToC&pg=PA1 Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Abdul Masih (1765 - 1827) An influential indigenous Indian missionary
- Berend, Nora. At the Gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims and Pagans in Medieval Hungary, c. 1000–c. 1300. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-02720-5.
- "19 Paonah - Coptic Synaxarium". St-Takla.org. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
- Ghaly, Mena. "St. George El-Mozahem". www.wiscopts.net. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- http://st-takla.org/Saints/Coptic-Orthodox-Saints-Biography/Coptic-Saints-Story_794.html
- Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
- "African Studies Quarterly". Africa.ufl.edu. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- Obscure text, illuminating conversation: reading The Martyrdom of 'Abd al-Masih (Qays al-Ghassani).
- Istoria şi tradiţiile minorităţii rromani, p.28, 2005, Sigma, Bucharest, Delia Grigore, Petre Petcuţ and Mariana Sandu – "Born to a Rom Muslim slave father and a free Romanian Christian mother, Razvan converted to Christianity, thereby, attracting the wrath of the Ottomans."
- Emily Ruete, ¨Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar¨, 1888
- The Indian Mutiny and the British Imagination by Gautam Chakravarty · Cambridge, 242 pp ISBN 0-521-83274-8
- http://www.oocities.org/umaximov/maximoveng2.htm
- Michael Khodarkovsky, Russia's Steppe Frontier, Indiana University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-253-21770-9, M1 Google Print, p. 265.
- [Russia's Orient: Imperial Borderlands and Peoples, 1700-1917] p.25
- Moosa, Matti (2005). The Maronites in History. Gorgias Press. ISBN 9781593331825.
- Ivan Mannheim, Syria & Lebanon handbook, Footprint Travel Guides, 2001, ISBN 1-900949-90-3, Google Print, p. 567.
- http://www.khazen.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=620&Itemid=185
- [The Maronites in history, Matti Moosa, p283]
- Khairallah 1996, p. 83.
- Harris 2012, p. 134.
- Ramet 1998, p. 209. "This happened in 1443 when Gjergj Kastrioti (called Skenderbeg), who had been reared as a Muslim in the sultan's palace, abandoned the Islamic faith and publicly reverted to the creed of his forefathers. But this conversion was not merely a public gesture of defiance. It was the first act in a revolutionary drama. For, after changing his religious allegiance, Skenderbeg demanded that Muslim colonists and converts alike embrace Christianity on pain of death, declaring a kind of holy war against the sultan/caliph."
- Wilson, Peter (2002), German Armies: War and German Society, 1648-1806, Routledge, p. 86, ISBN 1135370532
- Diplomats The Cambridge History of Islam
- Ternate Sultanat Archived 9 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- St. Casilda – Saint of the Day – American Catholic
- Bewley/Saad, p. 68. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
- The Baker Who Pretended to Be King of Portugal, p.214: " Muley Xeque was baptized in an elaborate ceremony in El Escorial".
- Canal Sánchez-Pagín; Montaner Frutos; Palencia; Salazar y Acha
- Burns, Robert E. Prince and Almohad conversation Mudejar: New documentation about Abu Zayd. Sharq al-Andalus: Arabs Studies, 4 (Alicante: University, 1987), p. 109-122
- [The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus] p.204
- George Sanikidze and Edward W. Walker (2004), Islam and Islamic Practices in Georgia. Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies., p. 12, University of California, Berkeley Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies.
- http://www.tokohindonesia.com/biografi/article/285-ensiklopedi/877-melukis-300-potret-diri Biografi Basuki Abdullah
- "Wife of American pastor jailed in Iran: Tehran has no intention of freeing him despite report". Associated Press. 21 January 2013.
- Perry Chiaramonte (14 January 2013). "American pastor imprisoned in Iran to go on trial next week". Fox News.
- "US Christian faces death in Iran trial: family". Agence France-Presse. 17 January 2013.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 July 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- http://www.hdhod.com/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A3%D8%B9%D8%B7%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF_a34209.html
- Grammy awards (25 August 2007). ""All hail The chieftain", Independent News". Independent.ie. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- "Princess Inaara Foundation". 15 October 2016. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
- "'Messiah' Mehmet Ali Agca hopes to cash in on Pope attack". The Times. 29 February 2012.
- Pope baptizes one of Italy's most prominent Muslims at Easter vigil service Archived 5 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- "CBC Radio – The Current – Whole Show Blow-by-Blow". Archived from the original on 30 November 2009.
- Juan Andrés, Confusión o confutación de la secta mahomética y del Alcorán, edited by Elisa Ruiz García (Salamanca, 2003).
- "Matthew Ashimolowo Net Worth". Telegraph. Retrieved 4 August 2007.
at age 22 converted to Christianity from Islam
- http://www.slidegossip.com/2013/12/asmirandah-pindah-agama-atau-keyakinan-demi-bisa-menikah-lagi-dengan-jonas-rivanno.html Asmirandah come to the church once a week.
- http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/selebriti/soal-foto-ibadah-di-gereja-asmirandah-agamaku-adalah-hakku-db1e5f.html My religion is my own right.
- http://manado.tribunnews.com/2014/03/30/kkr-pendeta-gilbert-di-manado-oc-kaligis-dan-asmirandah-bersaksi I myself may be new to the Lord Jesus.
- http://kesaksian-life.blogspot.fr/2014/04/kesaksian-asmirandah-artis-indonesia.html Testimony Asmirandah "Indonesian Artist."
- Biography of Johannes Aveteranian Archived 12 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- Happy Birthday Parveen Babi, The Indian Express
- "Church completes 125 years". The Times of India. 20 November 2007. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
- Hutchison, p. 7
- Hutchison, Robert A. (1999). Their Kingdom Come: Inside the Secret World of Opus Dei. St. Martin's Press. p. 7. ISBN 0312193440. – "Sister Josephine Bakhita had been converted by force to Islam and then, freedom restored, had chosen Christianity".
- Rodis, Rodel (8 April 2009). "Sarah Balabagan, from Muslim to Christian". Global Nation. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
- "Fla. police: No credible threat to runaway convert, AP". miamiherald.com. 14 November 2009. Archived from the original on 14 March 2020. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- The Kurdish Minority Problem, p.11, December 1948, ORE 71-48, CIA "The first of the major Barzani revolts took place in 1931 after Sheikh Ahmed Barzani, one of the most prominent Kurdish leaders in Iraqi Kurdistan, announced his conversion to Christianity and succeeded in defeating a number of other Kurdish tribes as well as regular Iraqi troops." "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 15 March 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link).
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 December 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Beale, Lewis (9 November 2003). "Precious Freedom". USA Weekend Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012.
- Jacqueline Cassandra Woodfork (2006). Culture and Customs of the Central African Republic. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. xviii (Chronology). ISBN 0313332037. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
October 20, 1976: Bokassa announces his conversion to Islam ... December 4, 1976: ... Bokassa renounces Islam
- Brian Titley (2002). Dark Age: The Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p. 79. ISBN 0773524185. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
The ace up Gadhaffi's sleeve was his oil money. ... Bokassa, of course, was rewarded more than all the others, collecting a cheque for one million U.S. dollars.
- Benin's new president announced
- "Yayi Boni is Benin's next President". Afrol.com.
- Nunumete, Peter. "pesulima". www.geocities.ws. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- Le Populaire, ISSN 0851-2442, N°3232, 31 August 2010, p. 2
- "Qui est Moussa Dadis Camara, le nouveau president de la Guinee?" Archived 16 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Guineenews, 26 December 2008 (in French).
- Galanyi.com
- "KapanLagi.com: Rianti Cartwright: JOMBLO Dekat Dengan Realitas"
- http://img408.imageshack.us/img408/2461/pamfletrianticartwright.jpg perkawinan katolik
- http://www.oldies.com/artist-biography/Chamillionaire.html artist biography of Chamillionaire
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 October 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) On religion: "I go to church every Sunday I'm in Houston. Now I have people asking for autographs in church. It's crazy, but yeah, I still do that and I still pay tithes and all that stuff."
- "Djibril Cisse Biography". Netglimse.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- Mondial : ces joueurs de foot ont la foi !, Benoît Fidelin, Pèlerin N° 6654, 10 June 2010 Archived 2 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- Muslim to Catholic Convert Hansen Hashem Clarke Member of US Congress.
- "New York Times obituary". nytimes.com. 2 May 1998. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- Africana Online Archived 28 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- Rudnytsky, Peter L.(1987). Essays in modern Ukrainian history. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. p. 186
- Kokoh, Romo Jost. "Romo Jost Kokoh: "Djamin alias Imin alias Darmoyuwono"". Romo Jost Kokoh. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-right-rev-hassan-dehqanitafti-exiled-anglican-bishop-in-iran-832817.html The Right Rev Hassan Dehqani-Tafti: Exiled Anglican Bishop in Iran
- http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/51878.htm "IN THE HOLY NAME OF GOD WHO IS OUR LIFE AND EXISTENCE"
- https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-mehdi-dibaj-1412186.html Obituary: Mehdi Dibaj
- http://theperspective.org/articles/0617200501.html Religion And Power in Liberia
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Tolerance: The Key To Protecting Liberia’s Christian-Muslim Harmony
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Interview with Archimandrite Daniel
- http://www.orthodoxresearchinstitute.org/articles/church_history/byantoro_indonesia.htm The birth of the Orthodox Church in Indonesia
- Egypt: Christian convert from Islam jailed – Compass Direct News, 18 October 2006
- "Elewonibi best among lineman prospects". Arizona Republic. 18 April 1990.
- Paul Hofmann, Pope Bans Marriage of Princess to Shah, The New York Times, 24 February 1959, p. 1.
- Voir BNF 16252941x
- Le Prix à payer, L’Œuvre, 2010
- Libre.be, La. "Musulman, martyr de la liberté" (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "First-Ever Muslim Miss USA Rima Fakih Converts to Christianity, Report Claims". Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "Donald Fareed's Testimony ::: Persian Ministries International". www.persianministries.org. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- http://www.trunews.com/ex-muslim-preaches-the-gospel/ ‘Ex-Muslim’ preaches the Gospel
- Against the Tides in the Middle East, International Academic Centre for Muslim Evangelism in South Africa, 1997 (published under the name "Mustafa").
- Prison Radicalization: Are Terrorist Cells Forming in U.S. Cell Blocks? Archived 28 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine Government testimony (PDF)
- Daveed Gartenstein-Ross Archived 8 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine biography on his website
- http://soref.tv/the-death-of-a-forgotten-princess/, The Death of a Forgotten Princess.
- Noel Orsal. "Ruffa Gutierrez reaffirms her Christian faith". Pep.ph. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- Gutierrez, Scott (28 July 2006). "Shooting suspect was baptized". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved 1 August 2006.
- "On Mission Magazine - NAMB". NAMB. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "TheGoal.com: Qadry Ismail". www.thegoal.com. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "Rocket shows strong path". Archived from the original on 21 February 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- Matussek, Matthias (17 December 2011). "RELIGION: Das Model Gottes". Der Spiegel. 51. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "Non-Catholic Models". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- "Former imam: God saved me from torture after Christian conversion". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- Note: Sharia, the Arabic term for Islamic law, is typically spelled "Syariah" in Malaysian English
- "Article about Kusturica's religion on". Pionirovglasnik.com. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- "News of Kusturica's baptism on passagen.se". Hem.passagen.se. Archived from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
- Cryer, Neville Barker (1979). Bibles Across the World. United States of America: Mowbrays. p. 94. ISBN 0264664175.
- Christiansë, Yvette (1999). Castaway. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822324210.
- https://allafrica.com/stories/201201130085.html
- http://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2010/09/20/zakat-pinkan-mambo-pindah-ke-gereja Pinkan Mambo move to church
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Pinkan Mambo married in a church in Los Angeles
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 June 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Pinkan Mambo confirms be married to Steve Wantania
- Majumdar, Margaret (2002). Francophone Studies: The Essential Glossary. United States of America: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 0340806966.
- Saya juga minta maaf kepada seluruh komunitas Gereja Ortodok diakses 3 February 2006
- Roy Marten, who said that he has been a follower of the Church for three years diakses 3 February 2006
- Roy Marten Main Sinetron Edisi Natal diakses 12 December 2006
- In Tibet and Chinese Turkestan: Being the Record of Three Years' Exploration, Henry Hugh Peter Deasy, pg. 284
- "Carlos Menem" Encyclopædia Britannica
- "When a Catholic Bishop Baptized his Muslim Father". Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture. 16 October 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2018.
- Brad Biggs (20 May 2005). "Muhammad all about giving as well as receiving". Chicago Sun-Times. p. 148.
- Jarrett-Kerr, Martin (1972). Patterns of Christian Acceptance. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 196.
- Merica, Dan (1 October 2011). "Iranian pastor faces death for rape, not apostasy – report". CNN.
- http://manado.tribunnews.com/2013/10/04/pesan-terakhir-diana-nasution-jangan-lupa-pelayanan-gereja "Mama benar-benar minta jangan sampai lupa pelayanan gereja,"
- http://life.viva.co.id/news/read/449316-rita-nasution-dan-minggus-tahitoe-berduet-di-depan-peti-diana Walau saya Muslim, Hajah saya tetap bisa menyanyikan semua lagu.
- Flight from Iran Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- Malika Oufkir: the American Making of a Moroccan Star
- Hussein Fardust, The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty:, Motilal Banarsidass, 1999, ISBN 81-208-1642-0, Google Print, pp. 122–123.
- Hamid Pourmand: Imprisonment due to religious belief
- http://oktavita.com/foto-agni-pratistha-menikah-di-gereja.htm Foto Agni Pratistha Menikah di Gereja
- http://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2013/12/15/agni-pratistha-baru-resepsi-meski-menikah-juni-di-amrik Agni Pratistha, Baru Resepsi Meski Menikah Juni di Amrik
- http://www.jpnn.com/read/2014/01/16/211141/Kehamilan-Agni-Pratistha-Disebar-di-Instagram-# Kehamilan Agni Pratistha Disebar di Instagram
- Qureshi, Nabeel (2014). Seeking Allah, Finding Jesus: A Devout Muslim Encounters Christianity. Grand Rapids: Michigan: Zondervan. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-310-51502-9.
- Qureshi, Nabeel. "Biography". Teams. Ravi Zacharias International Ministries. Archived from the original on 12 December 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
- http://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/tracking-down-daud-rahbar/ Tracking down Daud Rahbar
- http://www.themuslimtimes.org/2013/10/countries/united-states/exiled-writer-educator-dr-daud-rahbar-passed-away-in-florida Exiled writer, educator Dr Daud Rahbar passed away in Florida
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 July 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Norge IDAG – Norwegian language newspaper – Friday 7 May 2010
- http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/selebriti/toleransi-beragama-di-keluarga-dewi-rezer-coo3qbm.html Toleransi Beragama di Keluarga Dewi Rezer
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 July 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Menikah di Bali, Dewi Rezer & Marcelino Seperti Mimpi
- Emily Ruete, (1888): Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar
- Emily Ruete, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages. Presents the reader with a picture of life in Zanzibar between 1850 – 1865, and with an intelligent observer's reactions to life in Germany in the Bismarck period. Emily Ruete's writings describe her attempts to recover her Zanzibar inheritance and her homesickness. ISBN 90-04-09615-9
- http://www.thefreelibrary.com/L'enigme+de+la+reine+Nazli.-a0322366394 L'enigme de la reine Nazli.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Kyai Sadrach, Dari Pesantren Menuju Gereja
- http://biokristi.sabda.org/kiai_sadrach Makna Sumbangan Komunitas Sadrach bagi Upaya Kontekstualisasi Gereja
- Bukti Hanung Berjiwa Labil dan Sebarkan Virus
- Antara Hanung Bramantyo dan Muhammad Syarif
- [VIDEO] Kesaksian Lukman Sardi Saat Mantap Pindah Keyakinan
- "Argentine ex-army colonel who led uprisings dies". Taiwan News. Associated Press. 2 September 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2009.
- http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/56767.Bilquis_Sheikh I Dared to Call Him Father: The Miraculous Story of a Muslim Woman's Encounter with God
- Biography of Walid Shoebat
- "Is the 'prosperity gospel' prospering?". Archived from the original on 12 January 2009. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
- Vickers (2005), page 86
- Prabhu, Alan Machado (1999). Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians. p. 196
- Schwaner, Birgit (1 June 2007). "Der Abenteurer aus Ober St. Veit" (in German). Weiner Zeitung. Archived from the original on 9 September 2007. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
He was absolved by the Pope for his conversion, which he reversed
- Aritonang, Jan S.; Steenbrink, Karel A., eds. (2008). A History of Christianity in Indonesia. Studies in Christian Mission. 35. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-17026-1.
- Islam, the West and the need for honesty
- "TURKEY: CONVERTS SUBJECTED TO OFFICIAL HARASSMENT". Archived from the original on 13 January 2009. Retrieved 15 March 2012.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Hary Tanoe Akui Ayahnya Muslim Taat. Ustadz Shabri: Berarti dia Murtad
- http://www.orangterkayaindonesia.com/profil-hary-tanoesoedibjo-orang-super-kaya-di-indonesia/ Archived 7 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine Profil Hary Tanoesoedibjo dan Perjalanan Kesuksesannya
- Troyat, Henri Ivan le Terrible. Flammarion, Paris, 1982
- http://www.hraicjk.org/apostasy_and_prophet_muhammad.html Theologians from Chechnya and Dagestan ordered Muslims to carry out the death sentence against Gov. Aman Tuleyev "at the first possible opportunity"
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YgNPaL9CllI
- http://rt.com/news/222395-pegida-islam-protest-germany/ ‘Islam is welcome here, but we want to keep our culture’ - PEGIDA to RT
- Мусульманская община Ярославля встретилась со знаменитой спортсменкой Ляйсан Утяшевой — Муслим-пресс, 21/05/2006
- Ляйсан Утяшева пишет стихи — Комсомольская правда, 29 мая 2009
- "Ляйсан Утяшева, рожденная в раю — Советский спорт, 22 февраля 2003, №33(15978)". Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2013.
- Jazexhi, Olsi. "Shqiptarizimi i demshem i Aleances Kuq e Zi". Shqiperia. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- Jazexhi, Olsi (December 2007). "The Political Exploitation of Islamophobia in post–communist Albania". Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- Ernst, Andreas (12 July 2017). "Ein Segen für Albanien". NZZ. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
- "Публикация Julia Volkova | Юля Волкова в Instagram • Фев 26 2017 в 4:26 UTC" (in Russian). Instagram. 26 February 2017.
- Юля Волкова вернулась в православие (in Russian). Woman.ru. 27 February 2017.
- Бывшая "татушка" Юлия Волкова вернулась из ислама в православие (in Russian). News.ru. 28 February 2017.
- You quizzed George Weah – BBC.com
- "Sigi Wimala Dinikahi Sutradara Film di Gereja".
- "Nikah Diam-Diam, Sigi Wimala Digosipkan Hamil". celebrity.okezone.com.
- http://celebrity.okezone.com/read/2009/11/11/33/274295/nikah-diam-diam-sigi-wimala-digosipkan-hamil Sigi Wimala pregnant before wedding ?
- http://fr.scribd.com/doc/36690616/Pendiri-Gereja-Kristen-Jawa Pendiri Gereja Kristen Jawa
- http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/arch_0044-8613_1979_num_17_1_1463 Karangjoso revisité: aux origines du christianisme à Java central
- Aikman, David (2003). Jesus in Beijing: How Christianity is Transforming China and Changing the Global Balance of Power. Regnery Publishing. p. 11.
- Catherine Elsworth & Carolynne Wheeler (24 August 2008). "Mosab Hassan Yousef, son of Hamas leader, becomes a Christian". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
- http://ebahana.com/warta/1714-nania-kurniawati-yusuf Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine "Sudah satu tahun terakhir saya mengakui bahwa Yesus adalah Tuhan dan juruselamat,"
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Nania yang kini telah memeluk agama Kristen, datang ke Manado untuk ikut serta dalam ibadah raya Kebaktian Kebangunan Rohani
- Saye Zerbo, président of the republic from 1980 to 1982 (article in French) "At once stopped, Saye Zerbo is thrown in prison. Since his imprisonment, the deposed president contemplates and reads the Qu'ran through whole nights. He also asks so that the Bible be brought to him that the archbishop of Ouagadougou, the cardinal Paul Zoungrana, had offered to him at the time of first Christmas following his takeover. At this point in time it will have the revelation which will change its life. In a mystical dash, Saye Zerbo is brought to his knees, returns thanks to God and converts to Christianity. His entire family will do the same thing thereafter."
See also
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.