List of converts to Judaism
This article lists nations, groups or tribes, as well as notable individuals, who have converted to Judaism. This article does not differentiate between the different branches of Judaism. See also Who is a Jew? on issues related to the acceptance of conversions throughout the Jewish community.
| Part of a series on |
| Judaism |
|---|
   |
|
Note that a number of prominent celebrities, such as Madonna, Demi Moore, and Ariana Grande have recently become followers of a "new age" version of Kabbalah, derived from the body of Jewish mystical teaching also called Kabbalah, but do not consider themselves – and are not considered – Jewish.[1] Black Hebrew Israelites consider themselves to be a type of Jew, but this is not accepted by mainstream Judaism.
Converted nations, groups or tribes
Converted nations, groups or tribes from Christianity
- Abayudaya[2]
- Bnei Menashe[3]
- Bene Ephraim, claim to be Jews who converted to Christianity, then converted back to Judaism[4]
- B'nai Moshe (Inca Jews)[5]
- San Nicandro Jews[6]
- Subbotniks
- Veracruz Jews[7]
Other converted nations, groups or tribes
- Idumeans, Edom, 2nd century BCE, conquered and converted by John Hyrcanus
- Ituraeans, Lebanon and Syria, 2nd century BCE, conquered and converted by John Hyrcanus
- Adiabene, northern Iraq, 1st century
- Nabataeans, many were forcefully converted by the Hasmonean king Alexander Jannaeus
- Khazars, a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia (historical Khazaria), many of whom converted to Judaism en masse in the 8th and 9th centuries CE from a Khazar religion[11]
- Samaw'al ibn 'Adiya and his clan
- Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen, 6th century
- Tub'a Abu Kariba As'ad, from Arabian religion, Himyarite king of Yemen; ruled Yemen 390–420 CE
- Dhu Nuwas, king of Yemen, from a Mideastern religion[13]
- Kingdom of Semien, Ethiopia, 4th century
- Multiple Berber tribes noted by Ibn Khaldun, including the Jarawa, and possibly the warrior queen Kahina and her tribe. northwest Africa, 7th century, disputed
- Banu Qurayza and Banu Nadir, Arab Tribes who converted to Judaism when Jews arrived in Hijaz after Second Jewish-Roman Wars, Arab tribes were interested in Judaism which was brought by Jews. Later, they adopted and claimed to be Israelites. They were Arabian origins still believed sons of god concept from indigenous polytheistic beliefs.
Converted individuals
Former Christian clergy/theologians
- Robert de Reddinge (converted c.1275)
- Nicolas Antoine, former Protestant theologian.
- William G. Dever, Biblical archaeologist and former Evangelical minister who became a world-renowned Old Testament scholar and converted to Reform Judaism, although he says he no longer believes in God.[14]
- Géza Vermes, world-renowned historical Jesus research scholar, Hebraist and historian of religion, best known for being an eminent translator of the Dead Sea Scrolls;[15][16] a former Roman Catholic priest of Jewish descent, he rediscovered his Jewish roots, abandoned Christianity and converted to Liberal Judaism.[15][16]
- Ahuva Gray, former Protestant minister.
- Asher Wade, former Methodist minister.
- Ole Brunell, converted with his family to Orthodox Judaism, moved to Israel and changed his name to Shlomo Brunell, former Lutheran minister.[17][18][19]
- John David Scalamonti, former Roman Catholic priest.[20][21]
- Kenneth Cox, changed his name to Abraham Carmel, former Catholic priest.[22][23]
- Gavriel Aryeh Sanders, former Catholic and former Evangelical minister, converted to Orthodox Judaism.[24]
Other Christians who converted to Judaism
Sammy Davis Jr., entertainer who converted while recovering from an automobile accident
.jpg.webp)
- Abraham ben Abraham, convert from the Potocki family, the famed "Ger Tzedek"
- Abraham of Augsburg
- John Adler, American politician
- Aluizio Abranches, Brazilian filmmaker
- Amar'e Stoudemire, American and Israeli basketball player
- Aquila of Sinope, Bible translator[25]
- Art Aragon, Mexican-American boxer
- Curtis Armstrong, American actor
- Tom Arnold, American actor[26]
- Rafael Cansinos Assens, Spanish poet, essayist, literary critic and translator
- Moses ben Avraham Avinu
- Carroll Baker, American actress
- Elizabeth Banks, American actress (Banks has stated that she studied with rabbis, and practices Judaism, though "I did not have my mikveh, so technically I’m not converted", and added, "Frankly, because I’m already doing everything [practicing religious rituals], I feel like I’m as Jewish as I’m ever going to be".)[27][28]
- Anne Beatts, American comedy writer
- Antonia Bennett, American singer
- Polly Bergen, American actress and singer
- Dany Boon, French comedian[29]
- Elizabeth Brewster, Canadian poet[30]
- May Britt, actress[31]
- Geraldine Brooks, Pulitzer Prize-winning Australian-American journalist and author
- Campbell Brown, American television news reporter (lapsed Roman Catholic)
- Ken Burgess, British musician
- Anne Buydens, German-American producer, wife of Kirk Douglas
- Yisrael Campbell, comedian (lapsed Roman Catholic)
- Kate Capshaw, actress (ex-Methodist)[32]
- Nell Carter, singer and actress[33]
- Marvin Casey, Israeli-American hip hop dancer, choreographer, dance instructor and actor
- Mr. Catra, Brazilian funk singer and actor
- Elizabeth Jane Caulfield, linguist and musician
- Catherine Coulson, actress
- Warder Cresson, politician
- Jim Croce, singer/songwriter[34]
- William Holmes Crosby Jr., physician, considered one of the founders of modern hematology
- Sammy Davis Jr., entertainer[35]
- Zooey Deschanel, actress, singer, entrepreneur
- Natalie Dessay, French soprano
- Jacqueline du Pré, cellist[36]
- Patricia Duff, political activist and United States Democratic Party fundraiser
- Miss Elizabeth, also known as Elizabeth Ann Hulette, U.S. professional wrestling manager
- Hank Eng, Chinese-American politician[37]
- Carlos Escudé, Argentine political scientist and author
- Rachel Factor, American Orthodox Jewish singer, actress and dancer
- Nachman Fahrner, contemporary Jewish singer
- Louis Ferrante, American mobster
- Isla Fisher, model and actress[38] (ex-Methodist)
- Mike Flanagan, Irish-Israeli soldier
- Luke Ford, journalist[39]
- Maureen Forrester, Canadian opera singer
- Paula Fredriksen, former Catholic, historian of religion[40]
- Aaron Freeman, journalist and comedian (lapsed Roman Catholic)[41]
- Maja Ruth Frenkel, Croatian entrepreneur
- Capers Funnye (ex-Methodist), rabbi
- Steve Furness, American football player
- Natan Gamedze, former Protestant, linguist and a Swazi royal, now a black Haredi rabbi[42][43]
- Scott Glenn, American actor
- Albert Goldsmid, British officer, Founder of the Jewish Lads' Brigade and the Maccabaeans
- Lord George Gordon, nobleman and politician[44]
- Reuben Greenberg, police chief of Charleston, South Carolina[45]
- Lars Gustafsson, Swedish professor of Philosophy at the University of Texas[46]
- Daryl Hall, American musician
- Mary Hart (born 1950), American television personality, long-time host of the entertainment program Entertainment Tonight[47]
- Morris Hatalsky, American professional golfer
- Anthony Heald, American actor
- Henry Hill, American mobster
- Carolivia Herron, writer of children's and adult literature[48]
- Heidi R. Hoover, rabbi, daughter of a Lutheran bishop[49]
- Monica Horan, actress[50]
- Joel Horlen, American baseball player[51][52]
- Martha Hyer, actress
- Jenna Jameson, adult entertainer and entrepreneur
- Carolyn Jones, actress[50][53]
- Thomas Jones (lapsed Roman Catholic)
- Y-Love a/k/a Yitz Jordan, musician[54]
- Jon Juaristi, Spanish writer[55]
- Skip Jutze, American major league baseball player
- Semei Kakungulu
- Walter Kaufmann, German-American philosopher, translator and poet
- Carol Kaye, American musician
- Felicity Kendal, British actress[56]
- Cameron Kerry, politician, brother of John Kerry (lapsed Roman Catholic)[57]
- Jamaica Kincaid, author[58]
- John King, American television journalist (lapsed Roman Catholic)
- Karlie Kloss, model
- Fumiko Kometani, Japanese author and painter
- Mathilde Krim, Ph.D., founding Chairman of amfAR, association for AIDS research
- Anthony Lake, American diplomat, political figure, and academic
- Frida Laski, British suffragist, birth control advocate, and eugenicist
- Dr. Laura, American radio personality[50]
- Nahida Lazarus, German author, essayist, scholar, and literary critic
- Natasha Leggero, American actress and comedian
- John Lehr, American film and television actor and comedian
- Julius Lester, son of a Methodist minister and a children's author (ex-Methodist)[59]
- Joan Lunden, American journalist, author and television host
- Elliott Maddox, American former Major League Baseball player[60]
- Richard Marceau, Canadian politician
- Sam McCullum (born 1952), NFL football wide receiver
- Charles McDew (1938–2018), African-American activist of the Civil Rights Movement.
- Anne Meara (1929–2015), American comedian and actress, partner and wife of Jerry Stiller (lapsed Roman Catholic)[61]
- Adah Isaacs Menken, stage actress[62]
- LaVon Mercer (born 1959), American-Israeli basketball player
- Anastassia Michaeli, Russian-born former member of the Israeli Knesset
- Benjamin Millepied, French dancer and choreographer
- Marilyn Monroe, actress (ex-Christian)[63]
- Santa Montefiore, novelist[64]
- Tommy Mottola, American record producer
- Françoise Mouly, French artist, designer, and art editor of The New Yorker
- Jeff Newman, American Major League Baseball catcher
- Bob Nystrom, Canadian former NHL player[65]
- Arieh O'Sullivan, American-born Israeli journalist
- Eleanor Parker, American actress
- Lorna Patterson, American film, stage and television actress
- Andrew Percy, British politician
- Alison Pick, Canadian novelist and poet
- Rebecca Pidgeon, Scottish-American actress, singer and songwriter
- Bob Plager, Canadian retired professional NHL ice hockey defenceman
- Moses Prado, professor of the classic languages at the University of Marburg
- Roger Rees, actor
- Reuel Abraham, German pilot in Hitler's army, then became a Jew and citizen of Israel[66]
- Mandy Rice-Davies, British model and showgirl
- Michael Ross, Canadian intelligence expert, former Mossad officer
- Mary Doria Russell, American author (lapsed Roman Catholic)[67]
- Jackie Sandler, American actress
- Bärbel Schäfer, German television presenter and talk show host[68]
- Mary Schaps, Israeli-American mathematical scholar
- Norma Shearer, American actress
- Joseph J. Sherman, businessman[69][70][71]
- Cate Shortland, Australian director
- Shyne, Belizean–American rapper[72]
- Karol Sidon, Czech Orthodox rabbi, writer and playwright
- Daniel Silva, American author of thriller and espionage novels[73]
- Chris Smith, American-Israeli basketball player[74]
- Willie "the Lion" Smith, American pianist and composer
- Robin Spark, Scottish artist.[75][76]
- June Squibb, American actress
- Dubrovin Stanislav
- Kim Stanley, American actress[77]
- Venetia Stanley, socialite[78]
- Joseph Abraham Steblicki (lapsed Roman Catholic)
- Margo Stilley, American film actress[79]
- Annette Taddeo, businesswoman and politician
- Elizabeth Taylor, actress (ex-Christian Scientist)[80]
- Karen Tintori, American author of fiction and nonfiction (lapsed Roman Catholic)
- Andre Bernard Tippett, American Hall of Fame former football linebacker for the New England Patriots (ex-Baptist)[81]
- Jacob Tirado (ca. 1540–1620), co-founder of the Sephardic community of Amsterdam
- Ivanka Trump, American businesswoman, fashion designer, author and reality television personality
- Bob Tufts (1955-2019), American former Major League Baseball pitcher
- Ike Turner, American musician, bandleader, talent scout, and record producer; son of a Baptist minister
- Jeff Tweedy, American musician
- Michael W. Twitty, American writer, culinary historian and educator
- Alex Tyus, American-Israeli professional basketball player
- Chris Van Allsburg, children's writer[82]
- Conrad Veidt, German actor[50]
- Jackie Wilson, American soul singer
- Mare Winningham, actress, singer (lapsed Roman Catholic)[83]
- Katarzyna Weiglowa, Polish martyr
- Steve Yeager, American baseball player[60]
- Nikki Ziering, model[84]
From atheism and/or agnosticism
- Christian B. Anfinsen, Nobel prize-winning chemist (Orthodox Judaism)[85]
- Suzy Menkes, fashion journalist
- Hilary Putnam, philosopher raised in a Jewish-atheist home
- Mary Doria Russell[86]
- Anna Silk, Canadian actress[87]
From Black Hebrew Israelitism
- Eddie Butler, Israeli singer, converted to Orthodox Judaism
- Capers Funnye
From Islam
- Nissim Baruch Black (born Damian Jamohl Black), American rapper and music producer, raised Muslim but converted to Christianity before converting to Judaism
- Avraham Sinai, Lebanese member of Hezbollah who had an Orthodox conversion and lives as a Haredi Jew in Tsfat[88]
From Druzism
- Michael Netzer, American comic book artist, mother is Lebanese Jewish
From other Middle Eastern religions
From Greco-Roman religion
- Aquila of Sinope (Acylas), from traditional Greek religion[91]
- Paulina Beturia, from traditional Roman religion
- Flavia Domitilla, from traditional ancient Roman religion (possibly to Jewish Christianity, as she is also a Christian saint)
- Titus Flavius Clemens, consul, great-nephew of the Roman Emperor Vespasian, from traditional Roman religion (possibly to Jewish Christianity, as he is also a Christian saint)
- Fulvia, wife of Emperor Tiberius' close friend, Saturninus, from traditional Roman religion
- Onkelos, Hebrew scholar and translator, from ancient Roman religion[92]
From Samaritanism
- Sofi Tsedaka, Israeli actress, singer, television presenter and politician
From Shinto
- Setzuso Kotsuji, son of a Shinto priest, and a professor in Japan (converted from Shinto to Christianity and then from Christianity to Judaism)
From Hinduism
- Bhagirath Mohandas Prasad, doctor who converted to Judaism.
- Sarah Avraham, women's world Thai-boxing champion
From Buddhism
- Angela Warnick Buchdahl, converted to Reform Judaism at age 21. She was not raised within the Buddhist faith, however; her mother is Buddhist, so by Orthodox Jewish law she was not considered Jewish, but she was raised Jewish.
List of conversions named in the Bible
- Bithiah, from traditional Egyptian religion
- Darius the Mede, fictional character, from a mideastern religion who admitted that God of Israel is eternal Forever [93][94]
- Jethro, priest of Midian and father-in-law of Moses,[95] from a Mideastern religion
- Makeda, queen of Sheba, from a Mideastern or Ethiopian religion[96]
- Osenath, from the ancient Egyptian religion (her name relates to Anat)
- Ruth, great-grandmother of King David, from a Near Eastern religion[97]
- Yael, from Canaanite or another Near Eastern religion
- Zipporah, from a Mideastern or northern African religion
Undetermined former religion
- Joseph Bánóczi
- Drew Bundini Brown, assistant trainer of former heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali
- Sarah Brown, actress[98]
- Salem Shaloam David
- József Eisenhoffer
- Nachman Fahrner
- Lenny Kuhr, Dutch singer-songwriter
- Martha Nussbaum, American philosopher and academic[99]
- Annamie Paul, Canadian activist, lawyer, and now recently the new federal Green Party leader since 2020.[100]
- Helen Reddy, Australian American singer and actress
- Dara Torres
- Desmond Wilcox
- Andre Williams
Converts who later left the faith
- Cristian Castro, Grammy Award-nominated Mexican pop singer[101] (reverted to Roman Catholicism after divorcing his Jewish wife) [102]
- Uriel da Costa, philosopher shunned for heresy[103]
- Bob Denard, French soldier and mercenary. Converted from Catholicism to Judaism, then from Judaism to Islam, then from Islam to Catholicism[104]
- Polemon II, king of Cilicia, converted to marry the Jewish princess Berenice; later relapsed[105]
See also
References
- Goldstein, Evan R. (8 April 2011). "Is Madonna Jewish?". Wall Street Journal.
- "A History of the Abuyudaya Jews of Uganda".
- "Rabbi backs India's 'lost Jews'". BBC News. April 1, 2005. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
- Kulanu: Bene Ephraim of Andhra Pradesh, South India Archived 2007-11-12 at the Wayback Machine
- Converting Inca Indians in Peru Archived 2008-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
- "bet-debora.net – Frauenperspektiven im Judentum".
- Kulanu: Claim Mexico playing host to a Lost Tribe Archived 2007-11-12 at the Wayback Machine
- Jewish Encyclopedia "Obadiah was a proselyte of Edomite origin."
- "IZATES – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- "ANANIAS OF ADIABENE – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- "Medieval Quotes About Khazar Judaism (Khazar Jews)".
- Fordham University
- Jewish Encyclopedia "If the contradictory and sometimes legendary accounts of the personality of Dhu Nuwas given by the Arabian writers can be trusted, he was not a Jew by birth, but embraced Judaism after ascending the throne, taking the name of "Joseph."
- Shanks, Hershel, ed. (April 2007). "Losing Faith: Who Did and Who Didn't - How Scholarship Affects Scholars". Biblical Archaeology Review. Biblical Archaeology Society. 33 (2). Retrieved 24 September 2019.
- Barr, Robert (12 May 2013). "Geza Vermes, renowned Jesus scholar, dies at 88". Times of Israel. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- Ivry, Benjamin (15 May 2013). "Geza Vermes, Hungarian Bible Scholar Who Returned to Jewish Roots, Dies at 88". The Forward. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- Hausman, Tamar (24 August 2001). "Crazy' Ole Becomes an Oleh". Haaretz. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- De La Fuente, Susan (1 March 2013). "Under His Wings". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- Jenny Hazan, review of "Strangers No More". Jerusalem Post, 19 November 2005. Quoted by Gefen Publishing House, Strangers No More Book Details
- Scalamonti, John David (1992). Ordained to be a Jew: a Catholic priest's Conversion to Judaism. Brooklyn: KTAV Publishing House. ISBN 978-0-88125-412-9.
- "Ex-Christian ministers now active Orthodox Jews". Jweekly. 15 May 1998. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- Carmel, Abraham (1993). So Strange My Path: A Spiritual Pilgrimage (Rev. ed.). New York: Bloch Pub. Co. ISBN 978-0-8197-0040-7.
- Bernstein, Fred. "Onetime Catholic Priest Abraham Carmel Celebrates His 25th Year as An Orthodox Jew". People.com. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- Sanders, Gavriel Aryeh. "A Minister's Journey to Judaism".; "About Gavriel". 10 July 2008. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
- Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, art. Aquila of Sinope
- "Tom Arnold".
- "Jewish Actress Elizabeth Banks Discusses Her Conversion With Marc Maron – Jewcy". 17 January 2013.
- "Episode 352 – Elizabeth Banks".
- Le Figaro Magazine which states "as though his conversion to Judaism in 2002 had paradoxically made him closer to his Pas-de-Calais roots".
- Arc Poetry review of "Jacob's Dream" which states "Brewster is fascinated with her newly adopted faith of Judaism—poems about Jewish holy days and heritage are sprinkled throughout"
- "May Britt Joins Jewish Faith", The New York Times, October 18, 1960, p. 46
- New York Times
- Chicago Sun Times via "Find Articles." Archived 2015-10-19 at the Wayback Machine: Said of her conversion "I needed to know where God was, and I went back to the basics."
- Interview with Croce's Cousin http://www.netporch.com/sa/
- Jewish Virtual Library
- A Publishers Weekly review of Jacqueline Du Pre: A Biography by Carol Easton Archived 2015-07-21 at the Wayback Machine states she was "the daughter of anti-Semitic parents who herself converted to Judaism and at age 21 married Jewish pianist-conductor Daniel Barenboim."
- "Democratic Convention Notes: Meet Chinese Jewish candidate Hank Eng".
- Gensler, Howard (November 27, 2006). "'Borat' to wed Aussie actress Isla Fisher". Retrieved November 29, 2006.
- Luke Ford, XXX-Communicated: A Rebel Without a Shul. iUniverse, Inc., 2004. ISBN 0-595-66441-5
- Van Biema, David (7 December 2008). "Was Saint Augustine Good for the Jews?". Time. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- "AARONFREEMAN.COM".
- "美白肌になる為の紫外線対策: 美白肌になる為の紫外線対策". Archived from the original on 2015-07-21. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
- "Compass: COMPASS: THE BLACK JEW OF ROYAL SWAZILAND – ABC TV".
- "GORDON, LORD GEORGE – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- The movie Shalom y'all
- "Contemporary Jewish Writing in Sweden -- Lars Gustafsson Bio".
- Hart – "Thought there are no Jewish Republicans in show biz? Well, Bush contributors include... host Mary Hart, who’s a convert to Judaism..."
- Her website
- New York Times 2011-05-31
- "Converted to Judaism".
- Horlen, Joe : Jews In Sports @ Virtual Museum
- The Big Book of Jewish Sports People by Peter Horvitz page 53
- "Carolyn Jones (I) – News".
- New York Jewish Week 2020-01-22
- "Los nuevos conversos... al judaísmo".
- Times Online interview: She says in the interview "I converted to Judaism in 1983. I am not a deeply religious person but it is a vital part of my life. It shapes my beliefs, and how I look at the world."
- Seattle Times Archived 2011-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
- judaism+-wikipedia&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=25 Beth Israel
- Lester, Julius. "Home – Julius Lester". Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2006-11-06.
- "Jewish Baseball Players".
- O'Toole, Lesley (December 22, 2006). "Ben Stiller : 'Doing comedy is scary'". London: The Independent. Archived from the original on January 8, 2007. Retrieved December 22, 2006.
- Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco Archived 2012-03-12 at the Wayback Machine states of her marriage, "Adah was not at all interested in home or family; in fact, the only thing she shared sincerely with him was his religion–she adopted the Jewish faith and remained steadfast in it until her death."
- "1961: End of the road for Monroe and Miller". bbc.co.uk. 24 January 1961.
- The Independent Feb 7, 2005; online here Findarticles Archived 2009-04-14 at the Wayback Machine accessed Dec 11, 2006
- "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2012-03-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Lawrence Jeffrey Epstein (1989). A treasury of Jewish anecdotes. Jason Aronson. p. 5, 6. ISBN 978-0-87668-890-8. Retrieved April 3, 2010.
a treasury of jewish anecdotes.
- Interview at Book Browse "I am a Jew by choice and Italian by heritage. Shortly after I converted to Judaism, I came across a book by Alexander Stille called Benevolence and Betrayal: Five Italian Jewish Families Under Fascism."
- User, Super. "Bärbel Schäfer: Knallharte Diskussionen mit Michel Friedmann". Archived from the original on 2015-07-22. Retrieved 2012-07-12.
- Ariey Ariley (May 29, 2014). "Yosef the Holy Avreich" (in Hebrew). Jerusalem, Israel: Mishpacha. Retrieved Sep 30, 2014.
- Deutsch, Gloria. "Yearning for acceptance". Features (7/26/2012). Jerusalem Post.
Joseph Joel Sherman has traveled a long road, from devout Christian to even more devout Jew – and in fact he has not yet arrived at his destination, to be accepted as a fully-fledged Orthodox Jew – although he is well on the way.
- "Intelligently and Enthusiastically Crowning Hashem". The Seymour J. Abrams Jerusalem World Center, headquarters of OU Israel. Retrieved Sep 30, 2014.
- "WordPress.com". Archived from the original on 2012-02-22.
- pine, dan. "Novelist takes on Vatican secrecy with new spy thriller – j. the Jewish news weekly of Northern California". Archived from the original on 2009-02-17.
- Ex-Knick Chris Smith converts to Judaism, signs deal in Israel - NY Daily News
- "Robin Spark". HeraldScotland. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
- "Robin Spark". 20 August 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2019 – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
- from biography "Female Brando: The Legend of Kim Stanley" by Jon Krampner, 2006
- Men.", Godfrey Hodgson; Godfrey Hodgson Is A. British Journalist Whose Latest Book Is "all Things To All (3 April 1983). "BUSY LOVE LETTERS". YTimes.com.
- Stilley – "...the former model, raised a Christian in Conway, S.C., recently announced that she is converting to Judaism. Even her rabbi is befuddled.... "The first thing that attracted me to Judaism was the undeniable family strength that has held Jewish people and culture together for 3,000 years. . . Jews, whether religious or not, know where they have come from and what they would wish for their future, and this certainty is based on fact, not faith.... "I will not be a perfect Jew, nor will Judaism make me perfect. But I know that Judaism will give me faith, support, knowledge, and history. I am not Jewish because I choose to be. I am Jewish because there is no other choice for me.""
- In her book Elizabeth Takes Off, Taylor writes, "[Conversion to Judaism] had absolutely nothing to do with my past marriage to Mike [Todd] or my upcoming marriage to Eddie Fisher, both of whom were Jewish. It was something I had wanted to do for a long time."
- "Profile at Jewishsports.com". Archived from the original on 2008-10-14. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
- Jewish Bulletin of Northern California:On being asked about Christmas, because of the Santa Claus related The Polar Express, he stated "We have a Jewish household. I converted when I married Lisa."
- Pfefferman, Naomi (24 June 2004). "Journey to Judaism". Retrieved 18 July 2018.
After Winningham observed her first Yom Kippur that year, she knew she had to convert, and did so March 3, 2003, accompanied by an entourage of friends and relatives.
- Entertainment Weekly
- "The Christian B. Anfinsen Papers: Biographical Information".
- Broderick, Damien (1 January 2000). Transrealist Fiction: Writing in the Slipstream of Science. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-31121-5.
- Cohen, Mike. TV’s Lost Girl converts to Judaism, Jewish Tribune, August 23, 2011. Accessed October 18, 2011.
- "A Martyr from Lebanon: Life in the Shadow of Danger"
- "ABTALION, POLLION – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- "SHEMAIAH (SAMAIAS, SAMEAS) – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- Jewish Encyclopedia "He was by birth a Gentile from Pontus, and is said by Epiphanius to have been a connection by marriage of the emperor Hadrian and to have been appointed by him about the year 128 to an office concerned with the rebuilding of Jerusalem as "Ælia Capitolina." At some unknown age he joined the Christians, but afterward left them and became a proselyte to Judaism."
- "ONḲELOS – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- Seow 2003, p. 85-86.
- Book of Daniel 6:25-28
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-10-08. Retrieved 2007-02-26.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "SHEBA, QUEEN OF – JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- "BBC – Religions – Judaism: Converting to Judaism".
- Q&A with Sarah Brown "Judaism, for me, is more a spiritual thing than a religion, but I feel that I have a Jewish soul. I didn't convert because of my marriage; I just always felt like there was a Jewish soul inside of me just dying to get out."
- The Nation
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2020-10-04. Retrieved 2020-10-04.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- EsMas.com Archived 2012-03-29 at the Wayback Machine
- http://www.laprensa.hn/espectaculos/824605-410/verónica-castro-y-el-loco-valdés-unidos-por-bautismo-de-hija-de
- "Bartleby.com: Great Books Online -- Quotes, Poems, Novels, Classics and hundreds more". Archived from the original on 2007-08-13.
- ["Robert Young Pelton's The World's Most Dangerous Places: 5th Edition", Robert Young Pelton, Collins Reference, 2003, p.270: "Denard has seven wives and has at various times converted to Judaism (in Morocco) and Islam (in the Comoros) and then back to Catholicism."]
- (Josephus, Jewish Antiquities xx. 7, § 3
Bibliography
- Hill, Andrew E. (2009). "Daniel-Malachi". In Longman, Tremper; Garland, David E. (eds.). The Expositor's Bible Commentary. 8. Zondervan. ISBN 9780310590545.
- Seow, C.L. (2003). Daniel. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664256753.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.