List of ecoregions in South Africa
The following is a list of ecoregions in South Africa, as identified by the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF).
Terrestrial ecoregions
Listed by major habitat type
Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
- Knysna-Amatole montane forests – Ecoregion of the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome in South Africa
- KwaZulu-Cape coastal forest mosaic – Subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of South Africa
- Maputaland coastal forest mosaic – Subtropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion on the Indian Ocean coast of Southern Africa.
- Southern Zanzibar-Inhambane coastal forest mosaic – Tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of eastern Africa
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
- Kalahari Acacia-Baikiaea woodlands – Ecoregion in Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa bushveld
- Zambezian and mopane woodlands – Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands ecoregion of southeastern Africa.
Montane grasslands and shrublands
- Drakensberg alti-montane grasslands and woodlands – High altitude ecoregion in South Africa
- Drakensberg montane grasslands, woodlands and forests – Ecoregion in Swaziland, South Africa and Lesotho comprising grassy lower slopes of the Drakensberg
- Highveld grasslands
- Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets – Montane shrubland ecoregion in South Africa
Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
- Albany thickets – Afrotropic terrestrial ecoregion of dense woodland in South Africa
- Lowland fynbos and renosterveld
- Montane fynbos and renosterveld
Deserts and xeric shrublands
- Kalahari xeric savanna – Semi-arid sandy savanna ecoregion in Southern Africa
- Nama Karoo – Xeric shrubland ecoregion on the central plateau of South Africa and Namibia
- Succulent Karoo – Desert ecoregion of South Africa and Namibia
Tundra
- Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra – Ecoregion of several subantarctic islands in the southern Indian Ocean
Mangroves
- Southern Africa mangroves – An ecoregion of mangrove swamps in rivers and estuaries on the eastern coast of South Africa
Freshwater ecoregions
by bioregion
Zambezi
- Kalahari
- Zambezian Lowveld
Southern Temperate
- Amatole-Winterberg Highlands
- Cape Fold
- Drakensberg-Maloti Highlands
- Karoo
- Southern Kalahari
- Southern Temperate Highveld
- Western Orange
Marine ecoregions
- Benguela ecoregion – Region of similar ecological characteristics on the continental shelf of the west coast of South Africa
- Agulhas ecoregion – Region of similar ecological characteristics on the continental shelf of the south coast of South Africa
- Natal ecoregion – Marine ecoregion on the eastern coast of South Africa
- Delagoa ecoregion – Marine ecoregion on the eastern coast of southern Africa
- Prince Edward Islands – Two small sub-Antarctic islands belonging to South Africa
References
- Burgess, Neil, Jennifer D’Amico Hales, Emma Underwood (2004). Terrestrial Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington DC.
- Spalding, Mark D., Helen E. Fox, Gerald R. Allen, Nick Davidson et al. "Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas". Bioscience Vol. 57 No. 7, July/August 2007, pp. 573–583.
- Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington DC.
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