List of marine fishes of the suborder Percoidei of South Africa

This is a sub-list of the List of marine Perciform fishes of South Africa for fishes of the suborder Percoidei recorded from the oceans bordering South Africa. This list comprises locally used common names, scientific names with author citation and recorded ranges. Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the Republic of South Africa.

Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements

List ordering and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in Wikispecies, and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region. Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Synonyms may be listed where useful.

Percoidei is one of 3 suborders of bony fishes in the order Perciformes. Many commercially harvested fish species are considered to be contained in this suborder, including the snappers, groupers, basses, goatfishes and perches. (Full article...)


Suborder: Percoidei

Family: Cepolidae Bandfishes

  • Bandfish Acanthocepola indica (Day, 1888) (Occasionally taken by trawl in coastal waters from Natal to Japan)[1]
  • Owstonia weberi (Gilchrist, 1922) (Natal to Kenya)[1]

Family: Cheilodactylidae Fingerfins


Family: Cirrhitidae Hawkfishes

Family: Acropomatidae Lanternbellies

  • Lanternbelly Acropoma japonicum Günther, 1859 (off Natal)[1]
  • Howella sherborni (Norman, 1930) (off Cape Town to Natal)[1]
  • Sombre splitfin Neoscomberops annectens Gilchrist, 1922 (off Natal and southern Mozambique)[1]
  • Silver splitfin Neoscomberops cynodon (Regan, 1921) (Known from 2 specimens off Natal)[1]
  • Japanese splitfin Synagrops japonicus (Doderlein, 1884) (off Natal)[1]

Family: Ambassidae Glassies

  • Glassy or Bald glassy Ambassis gymnocephalus (Lacepède, 1802) (Port Elizabeth to tropical Indian Ocean)[1][2]
  • Slender glassy Ambassis natalensis Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 (Natal south to Umtata River)[1]
  • Longspine glassy Ambassis productus Guichenot, 1866 (Madagascar and east African coast south to southern Natal)[1]

Family: Apogonidae Cardinal fishes (see also Epigonidae)

Subfamily: Apogoninae

  • Broadstriped cardinal Apogon angustatus (Smith and Radcliffe, 1911) (Red Sea to Natal)[1][2]
  • Short tooth cardinal Apogon apogonides (Bleeker, 1856) (Indo-Pacific south to Durban)[1]
  • Bandtail cardinal Apogon aureus (Lacepède, 1802) (Red Sea south to Durban)[1][2]
  • Ruby cardinal Apogon coccineus Rüppell, 1838 (Red Sea south to Durban)[1]
  • Blackbanded cardinal Apogon cookii Macleay, 1881 (Western Indian Ocean south to Durban)[1][2]
  • Diamond cardinal Apogon enigmaticus (Smith, 1961) (1 specimen off Durban)[1]
  • Coachwhip cardinal Apogon flagelliferus (Smith, 1961) (Sodwana Bay and Mozambique)[1]
  • Spurcheek cardinal Apogon fraenatus Valenciennes, 1832 (Durban to Red Sea)[1]
  • Spinyhead cardinal Apogon kallopterus Bleeker, 1856 (Algoa Bay to Red Sea)[1]
  • Smallscale cardinal Apogon multitaeniatus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Red Sea to Durban)[1]
  • Blackfoot cardinal Apogon nigripes Playfair, 1867 (Lake St. Lucia northwards, probably to Red Sea)[1]
  • Spotfin cardinal Apogon queketti Gilchrist, 1903 (Natal coast to southern Red Sea)[1]
  • Threeband cardinal Apogon semiornatus Peters, 1876 (Indo-West Pacific south to Durban)[1]
  • Ninestripe cardinal Apogon taeniophorus Regan, 1908 (Indian Ocean south to Sodwana Bay)[1][2]
  • Masked cardinal Apogon thermalis Cuvier, 1829 (Indo-West Pacific to southern Natal)[1]
  • Sad cardinal Apogon timorensis Bleeker, 1854 (Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea south to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Ocellated cardinal Apogonichthys ocellatus (Weber, 1913) (Indo-West Pacific south to Coffee Bay)[1]
  • Speckled cardinal Apogonichthys Bleeker, 1954 (Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Shimmering cardinal Archamia lineolata (Ehrenberg, 1828) (Indo-Pacific, Red sea to Durban)[1]
  • Mozambique cardinal Archamia mozambiquensis Smith, 1961 (Zanzibar to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Tiger cardinal Cheilodipterus lineatus Lacepède, 1801 (Sodwana Bay to Red Sea)[1]
  • Foa Foa brachygramma (Jenkins, 1903) (Indo-Pacific south to Natal)[1]
  • Crosseyed cardinal Fowleria aurita (Valenciennes, 1831) (Natal to Red Sea)[1]
  • Arrow cardinal Rhabdamia gracilis (Bleeker, 1856) (Indo-West Pacific south to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Sea urchin cardinal Siphamia mossambica Smith, 1955 (Kenya to Sodwana Bay)[1]

Subfamily: Pseudaminae

  • Jelly cardinal Pseudamia gelatinosa Smith, 1955 (Indo-Pacific south to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Limpid cardinal Pseudamiops pellucidus (Smith, 1954) (East Africa south to Sodwana Bay)[1]


Family: Bathyclupeidae Bathyclupeids

  • Bathyclupea elongata Trunov, 1975 (Known only from holotype taken off Western Cape)[1]

Family: Bramidae Pomfrets

Family: Caesionidae Fusiliers

Family: Callanthiidae Goldies

  • Goldie Callanthias legras Smith, 1947 (Dassen Island (Western Cape) to Natal)[1]

Family: Carangidae Kingfishes

Family: Caristiidae Manefishes

Family: Centracanthidae Picarels

  • Picarel Spicara australis (Regan, 1921) (Known only from off Natal)[1]
  • Windtoy Spicara axillaris (Boulanger, 1900) (Known only from Cape Town to Natal)[1]


Family: Chaetodontidae Butterflyfishes

Family: Coryphaenidae Dolphinfish or Dorades

Family: Dichistiidae Galjoens

Family: Dinopercidae

Family: Drepaneidae Sicklefishes

  • Concertina-fish Drepane longimanus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific south to East London)

Family: Echeneidae Remoras

  • Shark remora Echineis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 (Namibia to Mozambique)[2] (all warm waters except eastern Pacific)[1]
  • Slender remora Phtheirichthys lineatus (Menzies, 1791) (Worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters)[1]
  • Whale remora Remora australis (Bennett, 1840) (Worldwide, pelagic: found only on cetaceans)[1]
  • Spearfish remora Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) (Worldwide, prefers billfishes)[1]
  • Remora Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) (Worldwide, prefers sharks)[1]
  • White remora Remorina albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) (Worldwide, prefers Manta rays)

Family: Emmelichthyidae Rovers

Family: Epigonidae Cardinal fishes (see also Apogonidae)

Family: Gerreidae Pursemouths

  • Threadfin pursemouth Gerres filamentosis Cuvier, 1829 (Indo-Pacific south to Algoa Bay)[1]
  • Smallscale pursemouth Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801) (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[1][2](syn. Gerres acinaces)
  • Oblong pursemouth Gerres oblongus Cuvier, 1830 (Tropical Indo-Pacific south to Kosi Bay)[1]
  • Slenderspine pursemouth Gerres oyena (Forsskål, 1775) (Tropical Indo-Pacific south to Kosi Bay)[1]
  • Evenfin pursemouth Gerres rappi (Barnard, 1927) (Algoa Bay to southern Mozambique)[1]

Family: Haemulidae Rubberlips and grunters

  • Sailfin rubberlip Diagramma pictum (Thunberg, 1792) (Indo-West Pacific to south Natal)[1]
  • Dusky rubberlip Plectorhinchus chubbi (Regan, 1919) (Transkei to Kenya and India)[1][2]
  • Lemonfish Plectorhynchus flavomaculatus (Ehrenberg, 1830) (Transkei to Red Sea)[1]
  • Blackspotted rubberlip Plectorhynchus gaterinus (Forsskål, 1775) (Natal to Red Sea)[1]
  • Harry hotlips Plectorhynchus gibbosus (Lacepède, 1802) (Indo-West Pacific, south to Natal)[1]
  • Barred rubberlip Plectorhynchus plagiodesmus Fowler, 1935 (Somalia to Madagascar and Natal)[1]
  • Whitebarred rubberlip Plectorhinchus playfairi (Pellegrin, 1914) (Western Indian Ocean to Port St. Johns)[1][2]
  • Minstrel Plectorhynchus schotaf (Forsskål, 1775) (Indo-West Pacific south to Port St. Johns)[1]
  • Redlip rubberlip Plectorhynchus sordidus (Klunzinger, 1870) (Red Sea to Transkei)[1]
  • Spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii (Lacepède, 1801) (False Bay to India)[1][2]
  • Grey grunter Pomadasys furcatum (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Madagascar to Natal, rare south of Durban)[1]
  • Javelin grunter Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier, 1830) (Indo-Pacific south to Transkei)[1][2]
  • Saddle grunter Pomadasys maculatum (Bloch, 1797) (Indo-West Pacific south to Transkei)[1]
  • Cock grunter Pomadasys multimaculatum (Playfair, 1866) (Algoa Bay to Zanzibar)[1]
  • Pinky or Piggy Pomadasys olivaceus (Day, 1875) (Cape Agulhas to Mozambique)[2]
  • Striped grunter Pomadasys striatus (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1908) (Knysna to Beira)[1][2]
  • Lined piggy Pomadasys stridens (Forsskål, 1775) (Red Sea to Natal)[1]


Family: Kuhliidae Flagtails

Family: Kyphosidae Sea chubs


Family: Leiognathidae Soapies


Family: Lethrinidae Emperors

Family: Lobotidae Tripletails

Family: Lutjanidae Snappers

Family: Malacanthidae Tilefishes

Family: Menidae Moonfish

  • Moonfish Mena maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (Tropical Indo Pacific south to Durban)[1]

Family: Monodactylidae Moonies

Family: Mullidae Goatfishes

  • Yellowstripe goatfish Mulloidichthys flavolineatus (Lacepède, 1801) (Red Sea to Knysna)[1](syn. Mulloides flavolineatus Lacepède, 1801)
  • Flame goatfish or Yellowfin goatfish Mulloidichthys vanicolensis (Valenciennes, 1831) (Northern KwaZulu-Natal to Indo-West Pacific)[1][2](syn. Mulloides vanicolensis)
  • Dash-dot goatfish Parupeneus barberinus (Lacepède, 1801) (Indo-West Pacific south to Mossel Bay)[1]
  • Two-saddle goatfish Parupeneus bifasciatus (Lacepède, 1801) (Indo-West Pacific south to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Redspot goatfish Parupeneus cinnabarinus (Cuvier, 1829) (Red Sea south to Transkei)[1]
  • Goldsaddle goatfish Parupeneus cyclostomus (Lacepède, 1801) (Red Sea to Durban)[1]
  • Indian goatfish Parupeneus indicus Shaw, 1803 (Indo-West Pacific to Port Alfred)[1]
  • Band dot goatfish Parupeneus macronema (Lacepède, 1801) (Red Sea to Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Blacksaddle goatfish Parupeneus rubescens (Lacepède, 1801) (Cape Agulhas to Mozambique)[1][2]
  • Blackstriped goatfish Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846 (Indo-West Pacific south to Durban)[1]
  • Yellowbanded goatfish Upeneus vittatus (Forsskål, 1775) (Red Sea to East London)[1]

Family: Nemipteridae Butterfly breams, spinecheeks

  • Silverflash spinecheek Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific south to Durban)[1]

Family: Opistognathidae Jawfishes

  • Halfscaled jawfish Opistognathus margaretae Smith-Vaniz, 1983 (Natal to Shimoni, Kenya)[1]
  • Robust jawfish Opistognathus muscatensis Boulenger, 1887 (Durban to the Persian gulf)[1]
  • Bridled jawfish Opistognathus nigromarginatus Rüppell, 1830 (Natal to south China Sea)[1]

Family: Oplegnathidae Knifejaws

  • Cape knifejaw Oplegnathus conwayi Richardson, 1840 (False Bay to Durban)[1][2]
  • Natal knifejaw Oplegnathus robinsoni Regan, 1916 (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Mozambique)[1][2]

Family: Parascorpididae Jutjaw

Family: Pempheridae Sweepers

  • Slender sweeper Parapriacanthus ransonneti Steindachner, 1870 (Red Sea south to Transkei)[1]
  • Dusky sweeper Pempheris adusta Bleeker, 1877 (Indo-West Pacific south to Transkei)[1][2]
  • Black-stripe sweeper Pempheris schwenkii Bleeker, 1855 (Indo-West Pacific south to Natal)[1]

Family: Pentacerotidae Armourheads

Family: Plesiopidae Longfins

Subfamily: Acanthoclininae Spiny basslets

  • Scotty Acanthoplesiops indicus (Day, 1888) (Tropical Indian Ocean from India to Durban)[1]

Subfamily: Plesiopinae

  • Spotted longfin Plesiops multisquamatus Inger, 1955 (Known only from Natal)[1]

Family: Polynemidae Threadfins

Family: Polyprionidae Wreckfishes

Family: Pomacanthidae Angelfishes

Family: Pomatomidae Elf

Family: Priacanthidae Bigeyes

Family: Pseudochromidae Dottybacks

Subfamily: Anisochrominae

Subfamily: Congrogadinae Snakelets

  • Snakelet Halidesmus scapularis Günther, 1872 (Cape Columbine to Transkei)[2](False Bay to Coffee Bay)[1]
  • Zulu snakelet Hilimuraena shakai Winterbottom, 1978 (Sodwana Bay)[1]
  • Pencil snakelet Natalichthys leptus Winterbottom, 1980 (Natal, off Umhlangankulu River)[1]
  • Natal snakelet Natalichthys ori Winterbottom, 1980 (Natal, off Umhlangankulu River)[1]
  • Nail snakelet Natalichthys sam Winterbottom, 1980 (Natal, off Port Shepstone)[1]

Subfamily: Pseudochrominae

  • Dutoiti Pseudochromis dutoiti Smith, 1955 (Durban to Persian gulf)[1]
  • Dark dottyback Pseudochromis melas Lubbock, 1977 (1 specimen from Sodwana Bay, 2 from Kenya)[1]
  • Natal dottyback Pseudochromis natalensis Regan, 1916 (Durban to Kenya)[1]
  • Bicoloured dottyback Pseudochromis pesi Lubbock, 1975 (Sodwana Bay and Gulf of Aqaba)[1]
  • Redlip dottyback Pseudochromis sp. (Kenya to Aliwal Shoal)[1]
  • Lightheaded dottyback Pseudochromis tauberae Lubbock, 1977 (Sodwana Bay to Madagascar and Kenya)[1]

Subfamily: Pseudoplesiopinae

  • Chlidichthys pembae Smith, 1954 (Tanzania, Ibo (Mozambique), Comoros and Sodwana Bay)[1]

Family: Rachycentridae Cobia

Family: Sciaenidae Kobs

Family: Scombropidae Gnomefishes

Family: Serranidae Rockcods (groupers) and seabasses

Subfamily: Anthiniinae

  • Harlequin goldie Anthias connelli Heemstra and Randall, 1986 (off Brighton Beach south of Durban Harbour)[1]
  • Silver streak goldie Anthias cooperi Regan, 1902 (Natal coast and across Indian ocean to Japan and east coast of Australia)[1]
  • Checked swallowtail Holanthias borbonius (Valenciennes, 1828) (1 specimen off Durban, Mauritius, Reunion, Comores, Madagascar and Japan)[1]
  • Gorgeous swallowtail Holanthias natalensis (Fowler, 1925) (East London to Madagascar and Reunion) [1]
  • Threadfin goldie Nemanthias carberryi Smith, 1954 (Western Indian ocean south to Natal)[1]
  • Silverspots Plectranthias longimanus (Weber, 1913) (Natal to Kenya)[1]
  • Flagfin Plectranthias morgansi (Smith, 1961) (Five specimens off Kenya and 3 off South Africa)[1]
  • Redblotch basslet Plectranthias winniensis (Tyler, 1966) Western Indian ocean to Natal)[1]
  • Sea goldie Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Peters, 1855) (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[1][2] (syn. Anthias squamipinnis)

Subfamily: Epinephelinae

Subfamily: Grammistinae Soapfishes and Podges

Subfamily: Liopropomatinae

Subfamily: Serraninae

  • Koester Acanthistius sebastoides (Castelnau, 1861) (Namibia to Mozambique)[1][2]
  • Comber Serranus knysnaensis (Gilchrist 1904)[5] formerly identified as Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758)[1] (Endemic, False Bay to Durban)[5]

Family: Sillaginidae Sillagos

Family: Sparidae Seabreams

Family: Terapontidae Thornfishes

References

  1. Ed. Smith, Margaret M, and Heemstra, P. Smith's sea fishes. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown. Struik publishers, Cape Town, 2003.
  2. Branch, G.M. Griffiths, C.L. Branch, M.L. Beckley, L.E. Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. 5th impression, David Philip, Cape Town, 2000. ISBN 0-86486-250-4
  3. Jones, Georgina. A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008. ISBN 978-0-620-41639-9
  4. Retrieved [January 18, 2010], from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database, https://www.itis.gov
  5. Heemstra, Phil & Heemstra, Elaine. Coastal Fishes of Southern AfricaNISC/SAIAB Grahamstown, 2004. ISBN 1-920033-01-7
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