List of Alismatales of South Africa

The Alismatales (alismatids) are an order of flowering plants including about 4500 species. Plants assigned to this order are mostly tropical or aquatic. Some grow in fresh water, some in marine habitats.

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]

11 families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Alismataceae

Family Alismataceae,[4] (7 species)

Alisma

Genus Alisma:[4]

Burnatia

Genus Burnatia:[4]

Echinodorus

Genus Echinodorus:[4]

Limnophyton

Genus Limnophyton:[4]

  • Limnophyton obtusifolium (L.) Miq. indigenous

Sagittaria

Genus Sagittaria:[4]

Aponogetonaceae

Family Aponogetonaceae,[4] (9 species)

Aponogeton

Genus Aponogeton:[4]

  • Aponogeton angustifolius Aiton, endemic
  • Aponogeton desertorum Zeyh. ex A.Spreng. indigenous
  • Aponogeton distachyos L.f. endemic
  • Aponogeton fugax J.C.Manning & Goldblatt, endemic
  • Aponogeton junceus Lehm. indigenous
    • Aponogeton junceus Lehm. subsp. natalense (Oliv.) Oberm. accepted as Aponogeton natalensis Oliv.
    • Aponogeton junceus Lehm. subsp. rehmannii (Oliv.) Oberm. accepted as Aponogeton rehmannii Oliv.
  • Aponogeton natalensis Oliv. endemic
  • Aponogeton ranunculiflorus Jacot Guill. & Marais, indigenous
  • Aponogeton rehmannii Oliv. indigenous
  • Aponogeton stuhlmannii Engl. indigenous

Araceae

Family Araceae,[4]

Arum

Genus Arum:[4]

Colocasia

Genus Colocasia:[4]

Epipremnum

Genus Epipremnum:[4]

Gonatopus

Genus Gonatopus:[4]

  • Gonatopus angustus N.E.Br. indigenous
  • Gonatopus boivinii (Decne.) Engl. indigenous

Monstera

Genus Monstera:[4]

Pistia

Genus Pistia:[4]

Stylochaeton

Genus Stylochaeton:[4]

  • Stylochaeton natalensis Schott, indigenous

Syngonium

Genus Syngonium:[4]

Zamioculcas

Genus Zamioculcas:[4]

Zantedeschia

Genus Zantedeschia:[4]

  • Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. indigenous
  • Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. indigenous
    • Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. albomaculata indigenous
    • Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. macrocarpa (Engl.) Letty, indigenous
    • Zantedeschia albomaculata (Hook.) Baill. subsp. valida Letty, acceoted as Zantedeschia valida (Letty) Y.Singh
  • Zantedeschia elliottiana (W.Watson) Engl. endemic
  • Zantedeschia jucunda Letty, endemic
  • Zantedeschia odorata P.L.Perry, endemic
  • Zantedeschia pentlandii (R.Whyte ex W.Watson) Wittm. endemic
  • Zantedeschia rehmannii Engl. indigenous
  • Zantedeschia valida (Letty) Y.Singh, endemic

Cymodoceaceae

Family Cymodoceaceae,[4]

Halodule

Genus Halodule:[4]

Thalassodendron

Genus Thalassodendron:[4]

Hydrocharitaceae

Family Hydrocharitaceae,[4]

Egeria

Genus Egeria:[4]

Elodea

Genus Elodea:[4]

Halophila

Genus Halophila:[4]

Hydrilla

Genus Hydrilla:[4]

Lagarosiphon

Genus Lagarosiphon:[4]

  • Lagarosiphon cordofanus Casp. indigenous
  • Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss ex Wager, indigenous
  • Lagarosiphon muscoides Harv. indigenous
  • Lagarosiphon verticillifolius Oberm. indigenous

Najas

Genus Najas:[4]

  • Najas graminea Delile, indigenous
  • Najas graminea Delile, var. graminea,indigenous
  • Najas horrida A.Braun ex Rendle, indigenous
  • Najas marina L. ex Magnus, indigenous
  • Najas marina L. ex Magnus subsp. armata (H.Lindb.) Horn, indigenous
  • Najas setacea (A.Br.) Rendle, indigenous

Ottelia

Genus Ottelia:[4]

  • Ottelia exserta (Ridl.) Dandy, indigenous
  • Ottelia ulvifolia (Planch.) Walp. indigenous
  • Ottelia vernayi Bremek. & Oberm. accepted as Ottelia ulvifolia (Planch.) Walp.

Vallisneria

Genus Vallisneria:[4]

Juncaginaceae

Family Juncaginaceae,[4]

Triglochin

Genus Triglochin:[4]

  • Triglochin buchenaui Kocke, Mering, Kadereit, indigenous
  • Triglochin bulbosa L. indigenous
    • Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. bulbosa, enddemic
    • Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. calcicola Mering, Kocke & Kadereit, indigenous
    • Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. quarcicola Mering, Kocke & Kadereit, enddemic
    • Triglochin bulbosa L. subsp. tenuifolia (Adamson) Horn, enddemic
  • Triglochin elongata Buchenau accepted as Triglochin bulbosa L.
  • Triglochin milnei Horn, indigenous
  • Triglochin striata Ruiz & Pav. indigenous

Lemnaceae

Family Lemnaceae,[4]

Lemna

Genus Lemna:[4]

Spirodela

Genus Spirodela:[4]

Wolffia

Genus Wolffia:[4]

Wolffiella

Genus Wolffiella:[4]

  • Wolffiella denticulata (Hegelm.) Hegelm. endemic
  • Wolffiella welwitschii (Hegelm.) Monod, indigenous

Limnocharitaceae

Family Limnocharitaceae,[4]

Hydrocleys

Genus Hydrocleys:[4]

Tenagocharis

Genus Tenagocharis:[4]

Potamogetonaceae

Family Potamogetonaceae,[4]

Althenia

Genus Althenia:[4]

  • Althenia filiformis F.Petit, indigenous

Potamogeton

Genus Potamogeton:[4]

Pseudoalthenia

Genus Pseudoalthenia:[4]

  • Pseudoalthenia aschersoniana (Graebn.) Hartog, endemic

Zannichellia

Genus Zannichellia:[4]

Ruppiaceae

Family Ruppiaceae,[4]

Ruppia

Genus Ruppia:[4]

Zosteraceae

Family Zosteraceae,[4]

Nanozostera

Genus Nanozostera:[4]

Zostera

Genus Zostera:[4]

References

  1. Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  2. Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  3. "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  4. "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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