List of elections in Massachusetts

This is an incomplete list of elections in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts sorted both by offices sought and by years held.

Elections in Massachusetts
General
Federal government
U.S. President
U.S. Senate
U.S. House
State government
Governor
State Senate
State House
Governor's Council
  • 2006
  • 2010
  • 2014
  • 2018
  • 2022
Ballot measures
Boston
Mayor
City council
Springfield
Mayor
Worcester
Mayor

Elections are administered by the individual municipalities. There is some oversight by the Secretary of the Commonwealth and the Office of Campaign and Political Finance.

Individual elections are listed with the winner.

General

By office

Governor

Two-year terms, starting in 1920:

Four-year terms, starting in 1966:

Massachusetts Senate
See also: List of Massachusetts General Courts

Massachusetts House of Representatives
See also: List of Massachusetts General Courts

Governor's Council
  • …
  • 2002 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2004 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2006 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2008 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2010 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2012 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2014 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2016 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections
  • 2018 Massachusetts Governor's Council elections

Ballot questions

General source: "Statewide Ballot Questions — Statistics by Year: 1919 – 2016". Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth. Retrieved July 5, 2019.

Boston mayoral elections

One-year terms (from 1822):

Two-year terms:

Four-year terms, starting in 1910:

Boston City Council elections

Other

United States president

United States Senate

(With winners)

Class 1 Class 2 No regular
election
 
 
 
 
 
  • …
  • 1908/9
  • 1914/5
  • 1920
  • 1926
 
  • 1932
  • 1938
  • 1944
 
  • 1950
  • 1956
  • 1962
 
  • 1968
  • 1974
  • 1980
  • 1986
  • 1992
  • 1998
  • 2004
  • 2010
 
 
  • 2016
  • 2022

United States House of Representatives

By year

1780s - 1790s
Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors Council Ballot Measures
1788 — — 1788–1789 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1789 — — — — — — — — —
1790 — — 1790–1792 U.S. House

1792–1793 U.S. House

 — — — — — — —
1791 — — — — — — — — —
1792 — — — — — — — — —
1793 — — — — — — — — —
1794 — — 1794–1795 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1795 — — — — — — — — —
1796 — — 1796–1797 U.S. House — — — — — —
1797 — — — — — — — — 1797 11th congressional district special election
1798 — — 1798–1799 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1799 — — — — — — — — —

1800s
Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1800 — — 1800–1801 U.S. House — — — — — —
1801 — — — — — — — —
1802 — — 1802–1803 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1803 — — — — — — — — —
1804 — — 1804 U.S. House — — — — — — 1804 12th congressional district special election
1805 — — — — — — — — — —
1806 — — 1806 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1807 — — — — — — — — — 1807 12th congressional district special election
1808 — — 1808 U.S. House — — — — — — 1808 2nd congressional district special election
1809 — — — — — — — — — —

1810s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1810 — — — 1810–1811 U.S. House — — — — — —
1811 — — — — — — — — — 1811 4th congressional district special election
1812 — — — 1812–1813 U.S. House — — — — — — 1812 17th congressional district special election
1813 — — — — — — — — — —
1814 — — — 1814–1815 U.S. House — — — — — —
1815 — — — — — — — — — —
1816 — — — 1816–1817 U.S. House — — — — — — 1816 11th congressional district special election
1817 — — — — — — — — — 1817 1st congressional district special election
1818 — — — 1818–1819 U.S. House — — — — — — 1818 20th congressional district special election
1819 — — — — — — — — — —

1820s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1820 — 1820 Presidential — 1820–1821 U.S. House — — — — — —
1821 — — — — — — — — — —
1822 — — — 1822–1823 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1823 — — — — — — — — — —
1824 — 1824 Presidential — 1824–1825 U.S. House — — — — — — 1824 10th congressional district special election
1825 — — — — — — — — — —
1826 — — — 1826–1827 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1827 — — — — — — — — — 1827 1st congressional district special election
1828 — 1828 Presidential — 1828 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1829 — — — — — — — — — —

1830s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1830 — — — 1830 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1831 [13] — — — — — — — — — — —
1832 — 1832 Presidential — — — — — — — — —
1833 — — — — — — — — — — —
1834 — — — 1834 U.S. House — — — — — —
1835 — — — — — — — — — — —
1836 — 1836 Presidential — 1836 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1837 — — — — — — — — — — —
1838 — — — 1838 U.S. House — — — — — — 1838 2nd congressional district special election
1839 — — — — 1839 Gubernatorial — — — — — —

1840s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1840 — 1840 Presidential — 1840 U.S. House — — — — — — 1840 1st congressional district special election
1841 — — — — — — — — — — 1841 5th congressional district special election
1842 — — — 1842 U.S. House — — — — — —
  • June 1842 1st congressional district special election
  • November 1842 1st congressional district special election
1843 — — — — — — — — — — 1843 10th congressional district special election
1844 — 1844 Presidential — 1844 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1845 — — — — — — — — — — —
1846 — — — 1846 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1847 — — — — — — — — — — —
1848 — 1848 Presidential — 1848 U.S. House — — — — — — 1848 8th congressional district special election
1849 — — — — — — — — — — —

1850s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1850 — — — 1850 U.S. House — — — — — — 1850 1st congressional district special election
1851 — — 1851 U.S. Senate — — — — — — — —
1852 — 1852 Presidential — 1852 U.S. House — — — — — —
1853 — — — — — — — — — — —
1854 — — — 1854 U.S. House — — — — — 1854 Boston Mayoral 1854 1st congressional district special election
1855 — — — — — — — — — 1855 Boston Mayoral —
1856 — 1856 Presidential — 1856 U.S. House — — — — — 1856 Boston Mayoral —
1857 — — 1857 U.S. Senate — — — — — — 1857 Boston Mayoral —
1858 — — — 1858 U.S. House — — — — — 1858 Boston Mayoral 1858 7th congressional district special election
1859 — — — — — — — — — 1859 Boston Mayoral —

1860s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1860 — 1860 Presidential — 1860 U.S. House — — — — — 1860 Boston Mayoral —
1861 — — — — — — — — — 1861 Boston Mayoral 1861 5th congressional district special election
1862 — — — 1862 U.S. House — — — — — 1862 Boston Mayoral 1862 9th congressional district special election
1863 — — 1863 U.S. Senate — — — — — — 1863 Boston Mayoral —
1864 — 1864 Presidential — 1864 U.S. House — — — — — 1864 Boston Mayoral —
1865 — — — — — — — — — 1865 Boston Mayoral 1865 6th congressional district special election
1866 — — — 1866 U.S. House — — — — — 1866 Boston Mayoral —
1867 — — — — — — — — — 1867 Boston Mayoral —
1868 — 1868 Presidential — 1868 U.S. House — — — — — 1868 Boston Mayoral —
1869 — — 1869 U.S. Senate — — — — — — 1869 Boston Mayoral 1869 7th congressional district special election

1870s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1870 — — — 1870 U.S. House — — — — — 1870 Boston Mayoral —
1871 — — — — — — — — — 1871 Boston Mayoral —
1872 — 1872 Presidential — 1872 U.S. House — — — — — 1872 Boston Mayoral
  • 1872 7th congressional district special election
  • 1872 9th congressional district special election
1873 — — — — — — — — — 1873 Boston Mayoral 1873 3rd congressional district special election
1874 — — — 1874 U.S. House — — — — — 1874 Boston Mayoral —
1875 — — — — — — — — — 1875 Boston Mayoral
1876 — 1876 Presidential — 1876 U.S. House 1876 Gubernatorial — — — — 1876 Boston Mayoral 1876 3rd congressional district special election
1877 — — — — 1877 Gubernatorial — — — — 1877 Boston Mayoral —
1878 — — — 1878 U.S. House 1878 Gubernatorial — — — — 1878 Boston Mayoral —
1879 — — — — 1879 Gubernatorial — — — — 1879 Boston Mayoral —

1880s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1880 — 1880 Presidential — 1880 U.S. House 1880 Gubernatorial — — — — 1880 Boston Mayoral —
1881 — — — — 1881 Gubernatorial — — — — 1881 Boston Mayoral —
1882 — — — 1882 U.S. House 1882 Gubernatorial — — — — 1882 Boston Mayoral —
1883 — — — — 1883 Gubernatorial — — — — 1883 Boston Mayoral —
1884 — 1884 Presidential — 1884 U.S. House — — — — — 1884 Boston Mayoral 1884 12th congressional district special election
1885 — — — — — — — — — 1885 Boston Mayoral —
1886 — — — 1886 U.S. House — — — — — 1886 Boston Mayoral —
1887 — — — — — — — — — 1887 Boston Mayoral —
1888 — 1888 Presidential — 1888 U.S. House — — — — — 1888 Boston Mayoral —
1889 — — — — — — — — — 1889 Boston Mayoral —

1890s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1890 — — — 1890 U.S. House — — — — — 1890 Boston Mayoral —
1891 — — — — — — — — — 1891 Boston Mayoral —
1892 — 1892 Presidential — 1892 U.S. House — — — — — 1892 Boston Mayoral —
1893 — — — — — — — — — 1893 Boston Mayoral 1893 7th congressional district special election
1894 — — — 1894 U.S. House — — — — — 1894 Boston Mayoral —
1895 — — — — — — — — — 1895 Boston Mayoral 1895 6th congressional district special election
1896 — 1896 Presidential — 1896 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1897 — — — — — — — — — 1897 Boston Mayoral 1897 1st congressional district special election
1898 — — — 1898 U.S. House — — — — — — 1898 13th congressional district special election
1899 — — — — — — — — — 1899 Boston Mayoral —

1900s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1900 — 1900 Presidential — 1900 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1901 — — — — — — — — — 1901 Boston Mayoral —
1902 — — — 1902 U.S. House — — — — — — 1902 6th congressional district special election
1903 — — — — — — — — — 1903 Boston Mayoral —
1904 — 1904 Presidential — 1904 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1905 — — — — — — — — — 1905 Boston Mayoral —
1906 — — — 1906 U.S. House — — — — — — 1906 3rd congressional district special election
1907 — — — — — — — — — 1907 Boston Mayoral —
1908 — 1908 Presidential — 1908 U.S. House 1908 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1909 — — — — — — — — — — —

1910s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1910 — — — 1910 U.S. House 1910 Gubernatorial — — — — 1910 Boston Mayoral 1910 3rd congressional district special election
1911 — — — — 1911 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1912 — 1912 Presidential — 1912 U.S. House 1912 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1913 — — 1913 U.S. Senate — 1913 Gubernatorial — — — — —
1914 — — — 1914 U.S. House 1914 Gubernatorial — — — — 1914 Boston Mayoral 1914 12th congressional district special election
1915 — — — — 1915 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1916 — 1916 Presidential 1916 U.S. Senate 1916 U.S. House 1916 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1917 — — — — 1917 Gubernatorial — — — — 1917 Boston Mayoral 1917 6th congressional district special election
1918 — — 1918 U.S. Senate 1918 U.S. House 1918 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1919 — — — — 1919 Gubernatorial — — — — — —

1920s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1920 — 1920 Presidential — 1920 U.S. House 1920 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1921 — — — — — — — — — 1921 Boston Mayoral 1921 6th congressional district special election
1922 — — 1922 U.S. Senate 1922 U.S. House 1922 Gubernatorial — — — — — 1922 16th congressional district special election
1923 — — — — — — — — — — —
1924 — 1924 Presidential 1924 U.S. Senate 1924 U.S. House 1924 Gubernatorial — — — — —
1925 — — — — — — — — — 1925 Boston Mayoral —
1926 — — — 1926 U.S. House 1926 Gubernatorial — — — — —
1927 — — — — — — — — — — —
1928 — 1928 Presidential 1928 U.S. Senate 1928 U.S. House 1928 Gubernatorial — — — — —
1929 — — — — — — — — — 1929 Boston Mayoral —

1930s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1930 — — 1930 U.S. Senate 1930 U.S. House 1930 Gubernatorial — — — — — 1930 2nd congressional district special election
1931 — — — — — — — — — — —
1932 — 1932 Presidential — 1932 U.S. House 1932 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1933 — — — — — — — — — 1933 Boston Mayoral —
1934 — — 1934 U.S. Senate 1934 U.S. House 1934 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1935 — — — — — — — — — — —
1936 — 1936 Presidential 1936 U.S. Senate 1936 U.S. House 1936 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1937 — — — — — — — — — 1937 Boston Mayoral
1938 — — — 1938 U.S. House 1938 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1939 — — — — — — — — — — —

1940s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors Council Ballot Measures
1940 — 1940 Presidential 1940 U.S. Senate 1940 U.S House 1940 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1941 — — — — — — — — — 1941 Boston Mayoral 1941 7th congressional district special election
1942 — — 1942 U.S. Senate 1942 U.S. House 1942 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1943 — — — — — — — — — — —
1944 — 1944 Presidential — 1944 U.S. House 1944 Gubernatorial — — — — — 1944 U.S. Senate special election
1945 — — — — — — — — — 1945 Boston Mayoral —
1946 1946 General 1946 U.S. Senate 1946 U.S. House 1946 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1947 — — — — — — — — — — 1947 9th congressional district special election
1948 1948 General 1948 Presidential 1948 U.S. Senate 1948 U.S. House 1948 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1949 — — — — — — — — — 1949 Boston Mayoral —

1950s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors Council Ballot Measures
1950 1950 General — — 1950 U.S. House 1950 Gubernatorial — — — — — 1950 6th congressional district special election
1951 — — — — — — — — — 1951 Boston Mayoral —
1952 1952 General 1952 Presidential 1952 U.S. Senate 1952 U.S. House 1952 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1953 — — — — — — — — — — —
1954 1954 General — 1954 U.S. Senate 1954 U.S. House 1954 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1955 — — — — — — — — — 1955 Boston Mayoral —
1956 1956 General 1956 Presidential — 1956 U.S. House 1956 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1957 — — — — — — — — — — —
1958 1958 General — 1958 U.S. Senate 1958 U.S. House 1958 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1959 — — — — — — — — — 1959 Boston Mayoral —

1960s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors Council Ballot Measures
1960 1960 General 1960 Presidential 1960 U.S. Senate 1960 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1961 — — — — — — — — — — —
1962 1962 General — — 1962 Gubernatorial — — — — — 1962 U.S. Senate special election
1963 — — — — — — — — — 1963 Boston Mayoral —
1964 1964 General 1964 Presidential 1964 U.S. Senate 1964 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1965 — — — — — — — — — — —
1966 1966 General — 1966 U.S. Senate — — — — — —
1967 — — — — — — — — — 1967 Boston Mayoral
1968 1968 General 1968 Presidential — 1968 U.S. House — — — — — — 1969 6th congressional district special election
1969 — — — — — — — — — — —


1970s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Reps. Governor State Senate State House of Reps. Governors Council Ballot Measures
1970 1970 General 1970 U.S. Senate 1970 Gubernatorial
1971 1971 Boston Mayoral
1972 1972 General 1972 Presidential 1972 U.S Senate
1973
1974 1974 General U.S. House 1974 Gubernatorial
1975 1975 Boston Mayoral
1976 1976 General 1976 Presidential 1976 U.S. Senate 1976 U.S. House of Reps 1976 7th congressional district special election
1977
1978 1978 General 1978 U.S. Senate 1978 Gubernatorial
1979 1979 Boston Mayoral

1980s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Reps. Governor State Senate State House of Reps. Governors Council Ballot Measures
1980 1980 General
1981
1982 1982 General 1982 U.S. Senate 1982 U.S. House 1982 Gubernatorial
1983 1983 Boston Mayoral
1984 1984 General 1984 U.S. Senate 1984 U.S. House
1985
1986 1986 General 1986 U.S. House 1986 Gubernatorial
1987 1987 Boston Mayoral
1988 1988 General 1988 U.S Senate 1988 U.S. House
1989

1990s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
1990 1990 General — 1990 U.S. Senate 1990 U.S. House 1990 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1991 — — — — — — — — —
1991 1st congressional district special election
1992 1992 General 1992 Presidential — 1992 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1993 — — — — — — — — —
—
1994 1994 General — 1994 U.S. Senate 1994 U.S. House 1994 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1995 — — — — — — — — — 1995 Boston City Council —
1996 1996 General 1996 Presidential 1996 U.S. Senate 1996 U.S. House — — — — — — —
1997 — — — — — — — — —
—
1998 1998 General — — 1998 U.S. House 1998 Gubernatorial — — — — — —
1999 — — — — — — — — — 1999 Boston City Council —

2000s
General Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors. Council Ballot Measures
2000 2000 General 2000 Presidential 2000 U.S. Senate 2000 U.S. House — — — — — — —
2001 — — — — — — — — —
2001 9th congressional district special election
2002 2002 General — 2002 U.S. Senate 2002 U.S. House 2002 Gubernatorial 2002 State Senate 2002 State House 2002 Governor's Council 2002 Ballot Measures — —
2003 — — — — — — — — —
—
2004 2004 General 2004 Presidential — 2004 U.S. House — 2004 State Senate 2004 State House 2004 Governor's Council — — —
2005 — — — — — — — — —
—
2006 2006 General — 2006 U.S. Senate 2006 U.S. House 2006 Gubernatorial 2006 State Senate 2006 State House 2006 Governor's Council 2006 Ballot Measures — —
2007 — — — — — — — — —
2007 5th congressional district special election
2008 2008 General 2008 Democratic Primary 2008 Presidential 2008 U.S. Senate 2008 U.S. House — 2008 State Senate 2008 State House — 2008 Ballot measures — —
2008 Republican Primary
2009 — — — — — — — — —
—

2010s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Rep. Governor State Senate State House of Reps Governors Council Ballot Measures
2010 2010 General — 2010 U.S. Senate 2010 U.S. House 2010 Gubernatorial — 2010 State House 2010 Governor's Council 2010 Ballot Measures — 2010 Senate special election
2011 — — — — — — — — —
—
2012 2012 General 2012 Democratic Primary 2012 Presidential 2012 U.S. Senate 2012 U.S. House — 2012 State Senate 2012 State House 2012 Governor's Council 2012 Ballot measures — —
2012 Republican Primary
2013 — — — — — — — — —
2014 2014 General — 2014 U.S. Senate 2014 U.S. House 2014 Gubernatorial 2014 State Senate 2014 State House 2014 Governor's Council 2014 Ballot Measures — —
2015 — — — — — — — — —
—
2016 2016 General 2016 Democratic Primary 2016 Presidential — 2016 U.S. House — 2016 State Senate 2016 State House 2016 Governor's Council — 2016 Ballot Measures —
2016 Green Primary
2016 Republican Primary
2017 — — — — — — — — —
—
2018 2018 General — 2018 U.S. Senate 2018 U.S. House 2018 Gubernatorial 2018 State Senate 2018 State House 2018 Governor's Council 2018 Ballot Measures — —
2019 — — — — — — — — —

2020s
General Election Federal Elections State Elections Local Elections Special Elections
Presidential Senate House of Reps. Governor State Senate State House of Reps. Governors Council Ballot Measures
2020 2020 Massachusetts general election 2020 Democratic Primary 2020 Presidential 2020 U.S. Senate 2020 U.S. House 2020 Ballot Measures
2020 Green Primary
2020 Republican Primary
2021
2022


See also

References
  1. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2002 State Senate election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  2. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2012 State Senate election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  3. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2014 State Senate election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  4. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2016 State Senate election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  5. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2018 State Senate election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  6. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2002 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  7. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2004 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  8. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2010 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  9. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2012 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  10. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2014 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  11. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2016 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  12. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Elections Division. "2018 State Representative election". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  13. "1831 Chap. 0066. An Act In Addition To ' An Act For Regulating Elections.'", Massachusetts Acts and Resolves, hdl:2452/111822 – via State Library of Massachusetts, June 23, 1831
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