List of places with columnar jointed volcanics

Columnar jointed volcanic rocks exist in many places on Earth. Perhaps the most famous basalt lava flow in the world is the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, in which the vertical joints form polygonal columns and give the impression of having been artificially constructed.

Basalt columns seen on Porto Santo Island, Portugal.

Notable columnar jointed volcanics

Africa

Curved columns of rhyolitic tuff at the Hong Kong High Island Reservoir

This may have formed from contractional cooling of basaltic lavas.

South Asia

Interlocked basaltic columns at the top of Kavadia mountain at Dewas district, India
India

West Asia

Armenia
Turkey
Vertically jointed columnar basalt of Basalt Rocks Natural Monument in Turkey.

Middle East

Iran
Israel

East Asia

China
  • Heiyuhe Columnar Joints (黑鱼河柱状节理) [Xianrenqiao (仙人桥)], Longchuan River (龙川江) & Black Fish River, Tengchong
  • Basalt Island area, Hong Kong; including High Island Reservoir area, Hong Kong; although the High Island Reservoir is not basalt but rhyolitic tuff, rich in potash feldspar and quartz phenocrysts.
  • Baigong pipes contain 30 percent ferric oxide and large amounts of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide
Japan
Columnar basalts at the Cape Stolbchatiy, Kuril islands, Russia
Mongolia
Russia
Taiwan
South Korea

Southeast Asia

Indonesia
Close up view of stones atop Gunung Padang.
Panorama atop Gunung Padang.
Malaysia
at Kg Balung Cocos,Tawau,Sabah
Basalt Columns exposed along a river in a remote place in Tawau, Malaysia
  • In Teck Guan Cocoa Village and in Giram River, Kampung Balung Cocos Tawau, Sabah, Malaysia.
Philippines
Thailand
Vietnam
The Cliff of Stone Plates (Ghềnh Đá Dĩa) near Tuy Hòa city, Phú Yên Province, Vietnam

Central America

El Salvador
  • Cascada Los Tercios, Suchitoto

Europe

Basalt columns in the Rhön, North Bavaria, Germany
Columnar jointing in the basalt of the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland
Faroe Islands
France
Germany
Greenland
  • Qeqertarsuaq, Disko Island[10]
Hungary
  • Badacsony
  • Bér
  • Szanda
  • Szilváskő
  • Hegyestű
  • Szent-György-hegy
  • Gulács
  • Haláp
  • Hajagos
  • Uzsa
Iceland
Italy
Portugal
Slovakia
  • Šomoška
Spain
United Kingdom
Other
Basaltic columns at Milos island.

North America

Columnar jointing in the basalt of the Pain de sucre (sugar loaf) in les Saintes, French West Indies
Columnar basalt at Devil's Postpile in California
Devils Tower, Wyoming
Canada

Caribbean

United States

Mexico

Basalt columns in the Mascota River, Mexico
Basaltic Prisms of Santa María Regla in Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo

Oceania

Cape Raoul, Tasmania
Blackhead, Dunedin, New Zealand
Australia
Federated States of Micronesia
New Zealand

South America

Mars

Columnar jointed rocks in unnamed crater wall, Marte Vallis region, Mars. Image courtesy of the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment, Arizona State University.

Several exposures of columnar jointing have been discovered on the planet Mars by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera, which is carried by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO).

Uses

A view of Gunung Padang.

Likely Hindu-origin ancient site at Gunung Padang in West Java in Indonesia was built by horizontally laying the columns to form terraces on the slope of hill and to create open roof chambers by erecting vertical column. A now-ruined thirteenth-century religious complex called Nan Madol was built using columnar basalt quarried from various locations on the island of Pohnpei in Micronesia.

References

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  21. Mount Scoria culture
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  25. The Pinnacles, Mt Somers on flickr
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