Mamluk Ali Nanautawi

Mamluk Ali Nanautawi (also written as Mamluk al-Ali Nanautawi) (1789–7 October 1851) was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar who served as Head Teacher of Arabic language at the Zakir Husain Delhi College. His notable students include Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi and Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi.

Mamluk Ali Nanautawi
Gravestone of Nanautawi
Personal
Born1789
Nanauta, Mughal Empire
Died7 October 1851(1851-10-07) (aged 61–62)
ReligionIslam
ChildrenMuhammad Yaqub Nanautawi (son)
CitizenshipMughal India
DenominationSunni Islam
JurisprudenceHanafi
CreedMaturidi
RelativesKhalil Ahmad Saharanpuri (grandson)
Muslim leader

Name and lineage
See also: Arabic name § Nasab, and Patronymic § Arabic

His ism (given name) was Mamluk al-Ali or Mamluk Ali. His nasab (patronymic) is: Mamluk Ali ibn Ahmad Ali ibn Ghulam Sharaf ibn Abdullah ibn Abd al-Fath ibn Muhammad Mu'in ibn Abd al-Sami ibn Muhammad Hashim ibn Shah Muhammad ibn Qadhi Taha ibn Mubarak ibn Amanullah ibn Jamaluddin ibn Qadhi Meeran ibn Mazharuddin ibn Najmuddin Saani ibn Nuruddin Rab'i ibn Qiyamuddin ibn Ziya-ud-din ibn Nuruddin Salis ibn Najmuddin ibn Nuruddin Saani ibn Ruknuddin ibn Rafi-ud-Din ibn Baha'uddin ibn Shihabuddin ibn Khwaja Yusuf ibn Khalil ibn Sadruddin ibn Ruknuddin Samarqandi ibn Sadruddin al-Haaj ibn Ismaeel ash-Shaheed ibn Nuruddin al-Qitaal ibn Mahmood ibn Baha-ud-din ibn Abdullah ibn Zakariyyah ibn Nur ibn Sirah ibn Shadi as-Siddiqi ibn Waheeduddin ibn Masood ibn Abd al-Razaq ibn Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr.[1]

Birth and education

Mamluk Ali was born in 1789 in Nanauta.[2][3] Not much has been found on the primary education of Nanautawi. However it is said that he may have completed his primary from the elders of his family. Nūr al-Hasan Rāshid Kāndhlawi assumes that Nanautawi's studies might have taken place under the supervision of Nanautawi students[lower-alpha 1] of Mufti Ilāhi Bakhsh namely Abdur Rahmān and Abdur Raheem.[3] He completed his middle studies under Mufti Ilāhi Bakhsh Kāndhlawi and Muhammad Qalandar Jalālābadi. He is reported to have studied one discourse with Shah Abdul Aziz. There is another narration stating that he studied from Abdullah Khan Alvi. He completed his higher studies under Rasheed-ud-Dīn Khan.[4]

Career

After completing his studies, Mamluk Ali started teaching in Delhi.[5] In June 1825, he was appointed as a lecturer of Arabic in Zakir Husain Delhi College and promoted to the post of head teacher on 8 November 1841.[6] He remained the head teacher of this college throughout his life. Besides teaching the books on rational sciences, Arabic language, fiqh, he also taught the books of Sihah Sittah.[5]

According to Asir Adrawi, Nanautawi spent his whole career teaching in Delhi. The known scholars of that era are reported to have studied with him.[7]

Students

His notable students include:[8][9][10]

Death and legacy

Nanautawi died of jaundice on 7 October 1851 and was buried in Munhadiyan, New Delhi near the graveyard of Shah Waliullah Dehlawi.[11][12]

His son Muhammad Yaqub Nanautawi served as the first Principal of Darul Uloom Deoband.[13] Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi, the founder of Darul Uloom Deoband studied most of his books with Mamluk Ali.[14]Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri, the author of Badhl al-Majhud, an eighteen volume commentary on Sunan Abu Dawud was Nanautawi's grandson.[15]

Syed Ahmad Khan, the founder of Aligarh Muslim University commended him saying that,

The memory that Mamlūk Ali possessed was so profound that if per chance the entire library of knowledge was lost, Mawlāna would have once again written it all down from the treasure chest of his memory.[16]

Notes
  1. Nanautavi students here refers to the students of Mufti Ilāhi Bakhsh who hailed from Nanuata, namely Abdur Rahmān and Abdur Raheem.
  2. This claim has however been rejected by Nūr al-Hasan Rāshid Kāndhlawi. He says that, "some scholars have stated that Syed Ahmad Khan also studied under Mamlūk Ali, but it is baseless and we could not trace any proof to prove it.[10]

Bibliography
  • Mawlāna Nūr al-Hasan Rāshid Kāndhlawi. "Hadhrat Mawlāna Mamlūk al-Ali Nanautawi". In Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 1 (January 2000 ed.). Deoband: Nawaz Publications. pp. 122–150.
  • "Hadhrat Moulana Mamlook Ali Saahib". Hadhrat Moulana Muhammad Qaasim Nanotwi: A Glimpse Into His Life (First, January 2020 ed.). Isipingo: Jamiatul Ulama (KZN). pp. 35–41. ISBN 978-0-6398423-0-1.

References
  1. Professor Nur al-Hasan Sherkoti. "Hadhrat Mawlāna Muhammad Yāqūb Nanautawi". In Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 2 (January 2000 ed.). Deoband: Nawaz Publications. pp. 90–214.
  2. Hadhrat Moulana Muhammad Qaasim Nanotwi: A Glimpse Into His Life (First, January 2020 ed.). p. 35.
  3. Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 1 (January 2000 ed.). p. 125.
  4. Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 1 (January 2000 ed.). p. 127.
  5. Hadhrat Moulana Muhammad Qaasim Nanotwi: A Glimpse Into His Life (First, January 2020 ed.). p. 37.
  6. Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 1 (January 2000 ed.). pp. 136–137.
  7. Asir Adrawi. Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta (in Urdu) (2nd, April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen. p. 246.
  8. Khan, Syed Ahmad. Shahjahanpuri, Abu Salman (ed.). Tazkirah Khānwāda-e-Wali'ullāhi (in Urdu). Hyderabad, Sindh: University of Sindh. p. 455-456.
  9. Rizwi, Syed Mehboob. Tarikh Darul Uloom Deoband [History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband]. 1. Translated by Murtaz Husain F Quraishi (1980 ed.). Deoband: Darul Uloom Deoband. pp. 73–75.
  10. Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 1 (January 2000 ed.). p. 149.
  11. Deobandi, Nawaz (ed.). Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband (in Urdu). 1 (January 2000 ed.). p. 150.
  12. Hadhrat Moulana Muhammad Qaasim Nanotwi: A Glimpse Into His Life (First, January 2020 ed.). p. 40.
  13. Rizwi, Syed Mehboob. Tārīkh Darul Uloom Deoband [History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband]. 2. Translated by Murtaz Husain F Quraishi (1981 ed.). Deoband: Darul Uloom Deoband. p. 126.
  14. Asir Adrawi. Mawlāna Muhammad Qāsim Nanautawi: Hayāt awr Kārnāme [Mawlāna Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi: Life and Works]] (in Urdu) (2015 ed.). Deoband: Shaykhul Hind Academy. p. 59.
  15. Muhammad Zakariya Kandhalawi. "Hadhrat Aqdas Mawlāna al-Haaj Khalīl Ahmad". Tarikh-i Mashā'ikh-i Chisht [The Mashāyikh of Chisht: The Spiritual Tree (Shajarah) and Life Episodes of the Noble Auliya and Mashāyikh of Chisht]. Translated by Majlisul Ulama of South Africa.
  16. Hadhrat Moulana Muhammad Qaasim Nanotwi: A Glimpse Into His Life (First, January 2020 ed.). p. 38.
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