Rohtas district

Rohtas district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. It came into existence when Shahabad District was bifurcated into Bhojpur & Rohtas in 1972. Administrative headquarter of the district is Sasaram.[1]

Rohtas district
District of Bihar
Location of Rohtas district in Bihar
Map showing divisions of Rohtas district
CountryIndia
StateBihar
DivisionPatna
HeadquartersSasaram
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesSasaram, Karakat
Area
 • Total3,847.82 km2 (1,485.65 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,959,918
 • Density770/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy73.37%
 • Sex ratio914
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highwaysNH 2
Websitehttp://rohtas.bih.nic.in/

The Rohtas district is a part of Patna Division, and it has an area of 3850 km² (square kilometres), a population of 2,959,918 (2011 census), and a population density of 763 persons per km². Languages spoken here are Bhojpuri, Hindi and English.[1]

History
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901606,016—    
1911575,964−0.51%
1921560,894−0.26%
1931616,315+0.95%
1941719,901+1.57%
1951831,133+1.45%
19611,024,133+2.11%
19711,286,983+2.31%
19811,583,280+2.09%
19911,927,736+1.99%
20012,464,243+2.49%
20112,959,918+1.85%
source:[2]

Rohtas district was created in 1972, when the former Shahabad district was divided in two. It corresponded to the former district's sub-divisions of Sasaram and Bhabua. In 1991, Bhabua was split off as a separate district, which was renamed Kaimur district in 1994.[3]

The district is a part of the Red Corridor.[4]

Geography

Rohtas district occupies an area of 3,851 square kilometres (1,487 sq mi).[5] This makes it the 4th-largest district in Bihar.[6]

Rohtas district can be divided into two major natural areas. In the north and northeast is the Sasaram Plain, an alluvial plain sloping gently downward toward the northeast. Its average height ranges from 72m above sea level in the north to 153m above sea level in the south. The plains cover all of Dinara, Dawath, Bikramganj, Nasriganj, Nokha, and Dehri Blocks, as well as parts of Sasaram, Sheosagar, and Rohtas Blocks. There are scattered woodlands in the east, in Sasaram Block. In the southern part of the district is the Rohtas Plateau, which is an eastern flank of the Vindhya plateau with an average elevation of 300m above sea level. It covers parts of Nauhatta, Rohtas, Sheosagar, Sasaram, and Chenari Blocks. This area is hilly, with occasional forests throughout. Several streams flow toward the north, including the Durgawati, the Bajari, the Koel, and the Sura. The Rohtas Plateau is less well suited for agriculture due to the uneven, rocky and gravelly soils as well as the forest cover. A variety of long grasses grow naturally on the plateau, including pear grass, kus, and khas khas.[3]

Throughout Rohtas district, the soils are generally classified as ustalfs, ochrepts, orthents, fluvents, and psamments.[3]

Sub-divisions

Rohtas district is divided into 19 community development blocks, which are grouped together into 3 sub-divisions based at Sasaram, Bikramganj, and Dehri, respectively.[3]

The 19 CD Blocks are as follows:[3]

There are 10 towns in Rohtas district, as follows:[3]

Town name Class Population (in 2011)
KoathNagar panchayat18,890
BikramganjNagar panchayat48,465
NasriganjNagar panchayat23,819
NokhaNagar panchayat27,302
BharduaCensus town5,317
ChanariCensus town6,569
SasaramNagar parishad147,408
DehriNagar parishad137,231
SaraiyaCensus town8,260
TelkapCensus town4,504

There are 246 gram panchayats in Rohtas district as of 2011.[3]

Economy

Economy of the district is agriculture based. Rice, wheat and maize are the main crops. Rohtas is also called the “Rice bowl of Bihar”. Until 1980, Dalmianagar was one of the major industrial cities in India. It had sugar, vegetable oil, cement, paper, and chemical factories but now they are closed.[7]

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Rohtas one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[8] It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar have received funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[8]

Demographics

Religion
Religions in Rohtas District
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 89.37%
Muslims
 
 10.15%
Not Stated
 
 0.21%
Christian
 
 0.10%
Sikh
 
 0.09%
Buddhist
 
 0.05%
Jain
 
 0.01%
Others
 
 0.02%

According to the 2011 census Rohtas district has a population of 2,959,918,[9] roughly equal to the nation of Armenia[10] or the US state of Mississippi.[11] This gives it a ranking of 127th in India (out of a total of 640).[9] In Bihar, it is ranked 17th out of 38 in terms of population.[6] The district has a population density of 763 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,980/sq mi), ranking 34th out of 38 in Bihar (the state's density is 1,106 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,860/sq mi).[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 20.22%.[9] Rohtas has a sex ratio of 918 females for every 1000 males, which ranks 22nd out of 38 in Bihar (the state ratio is also 918).[6]

The literacy rate in Rohtas district was 73.37% as of 2011. The literacy rate was higher for men than for women: 82.88% of men but only 62.97% of women in the district could read and write. Literacy also was higher in urban areas than rural ones. The highest literacy rate in Rohtas district could be found in the town and sub-district of Dehri - 77.70% of the district's total population, and 81.2% of the population of the town proper, was literate. The lowest literacy rate was in the entirely rural district of Nauhatta, where 63.07% of the population could read and write.[3]

A majority of the working population of Rohtas district was employed in agriculture in 2011, with 23.58% being cultivators who owned or rented their own land and 43.85% being agricultural laborers who worked someone else's land for wages. Another 5.25% of the district's workforce was employed in household industries, and all other forms of employment accounted for the remaining 27.33%.[3]

Languages

Languages in Rohtas (2011)[12]

  Bhojpuri (87.67%)
  Hindi (7.4%)
  Urdu (4.38%)
  Others (0.55%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 87.67% of the population in the district spoke Bhojpuri, 7.47% Hindi and 4.39% Urdu as their first language.[13]

Flora and fauna

In 1982 Rohtas district became home to the Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 1,342 km2 (518.1 sq mi).[14]

References
  1. "District Rohtas, Government of Bihar | Rice bowl of Bihar | India". Retrieved 2020-05-01.
  2. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  3. "Census of India 2011: Bihar District Census Handbook - Rohtas, Part A (Village and Town Directory)". Census 2011 India. pp. 19, 25–28, 44, 47–48, 51, 58, 60, 94. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  4. "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  5. Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  6. "Census of India 2011: Bihar District Census Handbook - Rohtas, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract)". Census 2011 India. p. 13. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  7. "Economy | District Rohtas, Government of Bihar | India". Retrieved 2020-05-01.
  8. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  9. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  10. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Armenia 2,967,975 July 2011 est.
  11. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Mississippi 2,967,297
  12. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2019.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  14. Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Bihar". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved September 25, 2011.

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