Silver sulfate

Silver sulfate
Names
	IUPAC name Silver(I) sulfate
	Other names Disilver sulfate ; Argentous sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	10294-26-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	140554 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.581
EC Number	233-653-7;
PubChem CID	159865;
UNII	8QG6HV4ZPO ;
UN number	3077
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70172884 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2Ag.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2+1;/p-2 Key: YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/2Ag.H2O4S/c;;1-5(2,3)4/h;;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2+1;/p-2 Key: YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-NUQVWONBAA;
	SMILES [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	Ag2SO4
Molar mass	311.79 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless crystals
Odor	Odorless
Density	5.45 g/cm3 (25 °C); 4.84 g/cm3 (660 °C)[1]
Melting point	652.2–660 °C (1,206.0–1,220.0 °F; 925.4–933.1 K)[1][2]
Boiling point	1,085 °C (1,985 °F; 1,358 K)[3][2]
Solubility in water	0.57 g/100 mL (0 °C); 0.69 g/100 mL (10 °C); 0.83 g/100 mL (25 °C); 0.96 g/100 mL (40 °C); 1.33 g/100 mL (100 °C)[4]
Solubility product (Ksp)	1.2·10−5[1]
Solubility	Dissolves in aq. acids, alcohols, acetone, ether, acetates, amides[4]; Insoluble in ethanol[3]
Solubility in sulfuric acid	8.4498 g/L (0.1 molH2SO4/LH2O)[4]; 25.44 g/100 g (13 °C); 31.56 g/100 g (24.5 °C); 127.01 g/100 g (96 °C)[3]
Solubility in ethanol	7.109 g/L (0.5 nEtOH/H2O)[4]
Solubility in acetic acid	7.857 g/L (0.5 nAcOH/H2O)[4]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−9.29·10−5 cm3/mol[1]
Refractive index (nD)	nα = 1.756; nβ = 1.775; nγ = 1.782[5]
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic, oF56[5]
Space group	Fddd, No. 70[5]
Point group	2/m 2/m 2/m[5]
Lattice constant	a = 10.2699(5) Å, b = 12.7069(7) Å, c = 5.8181(3) Å[5] α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	131.4 J/mol·K[1]
Std molar; entropy (So298)	200.4 J/mol·K [1]
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−715.9 kJ/mol[1]
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)	−618.4 kJ/mol [1]
Hazards
GHS pictograms	[6]
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H318, H410[6]
GHS precautionary statements	P273, P280, P305+351+338, P501[6]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	[2] 0 2 1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

Silver sulfate (Ag₂SO₄) is an ionic compound of silver used in silver plating and as a non-staining substitute to silver nitrate. This sulfate is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage, though it darkens upon exposure to air or light. It is minimally soluble in water.

Preparation and structure

Silver sulfate is prepared by adding sulfuric acid to a solution of silver nitrate:

AgNO₃ + H₂SO₄ → AgHSO₄ + HNO₃

2 AgHSO₄ ⇌ Ag₂SO₄ + H₂SO₄

The compound adopts the structure seen for anhydrous sodium sulfate.[7]

Silver(II) sulfate

The synthesis of silver(II) sulfate (AgSO₄) with a divalent silver ion instead of a monovalent silver ion was first reported in 2010[8] by adding sulfuric acid to silver(II) fluoride (HF escapes). It is a black solid that decomposes exothermally at 120 °C with evolution of oxygen and the formation of the pyrosulfate.

References

Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
"MSDS of Silver sulfate". Fisher Scientific, Inc. Retrieved 2014-07-19.
Anatolievich, Kiper Ruslan. "silver sulfate". Retrieved 2014-07-19.
Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. pp. 622–623.
Morris, Marlene C.; McMurdie, Howard F.; Evans, Eloise H.; Paretzkin, Boris; Groot, Johan H. de; Hubbard, Camden R.; Carmel, Simon J. (June 1976). "13". Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns. 25. Washington: Institute for Materials Research National Bureau of Standards.
Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver sulfate. Retrieved on 2014-07-19.
Zachariasen, W. H. (1932). "Note on the Crystal Structure of Silver Sulphate, Ag₂SO₄". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 82 (1–6). doi:10.1524/zkri.1932.82.1.161.
Malinowski, P.; Derzsi, M.; Mazej, Z.; Jagličić, Z.; Gaweł, B.; Lasocha, W.; Grochala, W. (2010). "Ag(II)SO(4): A Genuine Sulfate of Divalent Silver with Anomalously Strong One-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Interactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 49 (9): 1683–1686. doi:10.1002/anie.200906863. PMID 20084660.

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[crc-1] Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.

[fca-2] "MSDS of Silver sulfate". Fisher Scientific, Inc. Retrieved 2014-07-19.

[chemister-3] Anatolievich, Kiper Ruslan. "silver sulfate". Retrieved 2014-07-19.

[sioc-4] Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. pp. 622–623.

[nbs25-13-5] Morris, Marlene C.; McMurdie, Howard F.; Evans, Eloise H.; Paretzkin, Boris; Groot, Johan H. de; Hubbard, Camden R.; Carmel, Simon J. (June 1976). "13". Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns. 25. Washington: Institute for Materials Research National Bureau of Standards.

[sigma-6] Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver sulfate. Retrieved on 2014-07-19.

[7] Zachariasen, W. H. (1932). "Note on the Crystal Structure of Silver Sulphate, Ag₂SO₄". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 82 (1–6). doi:10.1524/zkri.1932.82.1.161.

[8] Malinowski, P.; Derzsi, M.; Mazej, Z.; Jagličić, Z.; Gaweł, B.; Lasocha, W.; Grochala, W. (2010). "Ag(II)SO(4): A Genuine Sulfate of Divalent Silver with Anomalously Strong One-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Interactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 49 (9): 1683–1686. doi:10.1002/anie.200906863. PMID 20084660.