2007 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2007.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2007 in paleontology. |
Plants
- A fossilized rainforest is discovered in a coal mine.
Angiosperms
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sp nov |
Valid |
Pigg, Dillhoff, DeVore, & Wehr |
An extinct Tetracentron species |
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sp nov |
Valid |
Pigg, Dillhoff, DeVore, & Wehr |
An extinct Trochodendron species |
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sp nov |
Valid |
Bogner, Johnson, Kvacek, & Upchurch |
An extinct Orontium species |
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sp nov |
Valid |
Bogner, Johnson, Kvacek, & Upchurch |
An extinct Orontium species |
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Fungi
newly named
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Mindell, Stockey, Beard & Currah |
Appian Way Flora |
Extinct ascomycete fungus |
||||
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Poinar & Buckley |
Late Albian (Cretaceous) |
oldest mushroom genus described from the fossil record. |
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Arthropoda
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Schultz |
A myrmicin fungus farming ant |
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Sp nov |
Valid |
Schultz |
A myrmicin fungus farming ant |
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Cretadiamesa[7] |
Gen. et sp nov |
Valid |
Veltz, Azar & Nel |
A member of the family Chironomidae belonging to the subfamily Prodiamesinae. The type species is C. arieli. |
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Cretapelopia[7] |
Gen. et sp nov |
Valid |
Veltz, Azar & Nel |
A member of the family Chironomidae belonging to the subfamily Tanypodinae and the tribe Pentaneurini. The type species is C. salomea. |
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Sp nov |
Valid |
Engel & Grimaldi |
A mantidfly. |
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Sp nov |
Valid |
Engel & Grimaldi |
A mantidfly. |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wedmann, Bradler, Rust |
First leaf insect from the fossil record. |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Szwedo |
New planthopper genus. |
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Lebanorthocladius[7] |
Gen. et sp nov |
Valid |
Veltz, Azar & Nel |
A member of the family Chironomidae belonging to the subfamily Orthocladiinae. The type species is L. furcatus. |
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Libanodiamesa[7] |
Gen. et sp nov |
Valid |
Veltz, Azar & Nel |
A member of the family Chironomidae belonging to the subfamily Prodiamesinae. The type species is L. deploegi. |
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Libanopelopia[7] |
Gen. et sp nov |
Valid |
Veltz, Azar & Nel |
A member of the family Chironomidae belonging to the subfamily Tanypodinae and the tribe Pentaneurini or Macropelopiini. The type species is L. cretacica. |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Petrulevicius, Huang & Ren |
A bittacid |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Makarkin & Menon |
An Ithonidae lacewing, type species P. incerta |
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Sp nov |
Jr synonym of Protosialis casca |
Engel & Grimaldi |
The only alderfly from the West Indies fossil record. |
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Sp nov |
Valid |
Mohrig & Solórzano Kraemer |
A Sciarid fly |
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Wadelius[7] |
Gen. et sp nov |
Valid |
Veltz, Azar & Nel |
A member of the family Chironomidae belonging to the subfamily Tanypodinae and the tribe Anatopyniini. The type species is W. libanicus. |
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Fish
Bony fish
- Everhart, M. J. (2007). "Remains of a pycnodont fish (Actinopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) in a coprolite; An upper record of Micropycnodon kansasensis in the Smoky Hill Chalk, western Kansas". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 110 (1/2): 35–43. doi:10.1660/0022-8443(2007)110[35:ROAPFA]2.0.CO;2.
- Cavin, L.; Suteethorn, V.; Buffetaut, E.; Claude, J.; Cuny, G.; Loeuff, J. Le; Tong, H. (2007). "The first sinamiid fish (Holostei, Halecomorpha) from Southeast Asia (Early Cretaceous of Thailand)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (4): 827–837. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[827:TFSFHH]2.0.CO;2.
- Cavin, L.; Suteethorn, V.; Buffetaut, E.; Tong, H. (2007). "A new Thai Mesozoic lungfish (Sarcopterygii, Dipnoi) with an insight into post-Palaeozoic dipnoan evolution". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 149 (2): 141–177. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00238.x.
Cartilaginous fish
- Everhart, M. J. (2007). "New stratigraphic records (Albian-Campanian) of the guitarfish, Rhinobatos sp. (Chondrichthyes; Rajiformes), from the Cretaceous of Kansas". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 110 (3–4): 225–235. doi:10.1660/0022-8443(2007)110[225:nsraor]2.0.co;2.
Archosauromorphs
Pseudosuchians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
An aetosaur. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
Timezgadiouine Formation |
A rauisuchian. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
Late Eocene/Middle Miocene |
Parángula Formation, Ipururo Formation & Divisadero Largo Formation |
A sebecid. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
Middle Eocene |
A member of Tomistominae. |
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Gen. nov |
Valid |
|
Middle Miocene |
A sebecid; a new name for Sebecus huilensis. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
A member of Peirosauridae. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
A member of Crocodyliformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement. |
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Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
|
A member of Pholidosauridae. |
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Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
|
A new genus for "Crocodylus" robustus Grandidier & Vaillant (1872). |
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Gen. nov |
Valid |
|
Early Paleocene |
A sebecid; a new genus name for Sebecus querejazus. |
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Pterosaurs
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Averianov |
An azhdarchid |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wang et al |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kellner & Campos |
|
Newly named non-dinosaurian dinosauromorphs
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Irmis et al |
|
A Lagerpetonidae dinosauromorph reptile |
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Newly named non-avian dinosauromorphs
Data courtesy of George Olshevky's dinosaur genera list.[23]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Martinelli & Vera |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Ryan |
A Centrosaurine. the Ceratopsian from Alberta. |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Apesteguía |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A basal sauropodomorph |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Remes |
Tendaguru Beds |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Allain et al |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Gilpin, DiCroce, & Carpenter |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Chinnery & Horner |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wang et al |
A sauropod |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
An Early ornithischian |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wu, Brinkman, Eberth, & Braman |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Calvo, Porfiri, González-Riga, & Kellner |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu, et al |
A Giantoviraptorosaurian |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
|
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kutty, Chatterjee, Galton, & Upchurch |
An Early Sauropodomorph. |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Ezcurra & Cuny |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Lü et al |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Turner et al |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Calvo, González-Riga, & Porfiri |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Mo, Zhao, Wang, & Xu |
Nalong Basin |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Apesteguía |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
David J. Varricchio, Anthony J. Martin, & Yoshihiro Katsura |
An ornithopod |
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Gen et sp nov |
Rose |
Jr synonym of Sauroposeidon |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Galton, Yates, & Kermack |
A basal sauropodomorph |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kutty, Chatterjee, Galton, & Upchurch |
A massospondylid |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Turner, Hwang, & Norell |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Ji et al |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Li et al |
Xinminpu Group |
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Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Averianov & Sues |
Dzharakuduk Formation |
A troodontid | ||||
‘’Velafrons’’ |
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
a hadrosaur | |||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Lü et al |
||||||
Zhongyuansaurus[51] |
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu et al |
An ankylosaurid |
||||
Zhuchengosaurus[52] |
Gen et sp nov |
Jr synonym |
|
Wangshi Formation |
Junior synonym of Shantungosaurus |
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Newly named birds
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alethoalaornis agitornis [53] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Li Li Hu Dong-yu Gong En-pu Hou Lianhai |
An Alethoalaornithidae Li, Hu, Duan, Gong et Hou, 2007, Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. |
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Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Amanda Cordes-Person |
Early-Middle Campanian |
|
Described in Baptornithidae, Hesperornithiformes, transferred to Brodavis Martin, Kurochkin et Tokaryk, 2012, Brodavidae, Hesperornithiformes. |
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Belonopterus lilloi [55] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Marcos M. Cenizo Federico L. Agnolin |
Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene |
Miramar Formation |
A Charadriidae, lapwing, a relative of the southern lapwing. |
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Berruornis halbedeli [56] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
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?Borvocarbo stoeffelensis [57] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Oligocene |
: |
First described as ?Oligocorax sp. Mayr, 2001, than as ?Borvocarbo stoeffelensis Mayr, 2007. In 2014 Mayr transferred the species back as ?Oligocorax stoeffelensis (Mayr, 2007). |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alan J. D. Tennyson C. Jones J. A. McNamara J. Douglas |
Early-Middle Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
An Anatidae. |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Shigeru Suzuki Mahito Watabe K. Tsogtbaatar |
Late Cretaceous |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. |
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Euroceros bulgaricus [60] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zlatozar N. Boev Dimitar Kovachev |
Late Miocene |
Turolian-Meotian, MN 11-12 |
A Bucorvidae. |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
?Upper Middle Paleocene |
?MP 5 |
Described in cf. Lithornithidae, Lithornithiformes, Eoaves. |
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Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jeremy J. Kirchman |
Subrecent |
A Rallidae. |
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Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jeremy J. Kirchman |
Subrecent |
A Rallidae. |
|||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jeremy J. Kirchman |
Subrecent |
A Rallidae. |
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Gradiornis walbeckensis [56] |
Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Upper MIddle Paleocene |
?MP 5 |
Described in cf. Cariamae sensu Olson, 1985. |
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Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Daniel T. Ksepka Marcello Stucchi Mario Urbina Norberto Giannini Sara Bertelli Yanina Narvaez Clint A. Boyd |
Late Eocene |
Otuma Formation |
A Spheniscidae from Peru. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Sara Bertelli Claudia Tambussi |
Middle Miocene |
|
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Madryornis mirandus [64] |
Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Carolina Acosta Hospitaleche Claudia Tambussi Mariano Donato Mario Cozzuol |
Early Late Miocene |
Puerto Madryn Formation |
A Spheniscidae from Chubut Province. |
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Manuherikia lacustrina [58] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alan J. D. Tennyson C. Jones J. A. McNamara J. Douglas |
Early-Middle Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
An Anatidae. |
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Manuherikia minuta [58] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alan J. D. Tennyson C. Jones J. A. McNamara J. Douglas |
Early-Middle Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
An Anatidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Eric Buffetaut |
Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Eric Buffetaut |
Late Cretaceous, Late Maastrichtian |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alan J. D. Tennyson C. Jones J. A. McNamara J. Douglas |
Early-Middle Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A possible Anatidae. |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alan J. D. Tennyson C. Jones J. A. McNamara J. Douglas |
Early-Middle Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
A possible Anatidae. |
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Pampaemberiza olrogii [66] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Federico L. Agnolin |
Middle Pleistocene |
An Emberizidae Passeriformes. This is the type species of the new genus. |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zheng Xiaoting Zhang Zihui Hou Lianhan |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. |
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Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alan J. D. Tennyson C. Jones J. A. McNamara J. Douglas |
Early-Middle Miocene |
Bannockburn Formation |
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Gen. nov et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Daniel T. Ksepka Marcello Stucchi Mario Urbina Norberto Giannini Sara Bertelli Yanina Narváez Clint A. Boyd |
Middle Eocene |
Paracas Formation |
Another Spheniscidae from Peru. |
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Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Ursula B. Göhlich |
Late Middle-Early Late Miocene |
Another Spheniscidae from Peru. |
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Turnipax oechslerorum [69] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Charles W. Knopf |
Early Oligocene |
A stem Turnicidae. |
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Gen. Nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Rajendra S. Rana Ashok Sahni Thierry Smith |
Early Eocene, |
Cambay Formation |
A stem Psittaciformes, Vastanavidae G. Mayr, Rana, Rose, Sahni, Kumar, Sing et T. Smith, 2010. |
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Walbeckornis creber [56] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Infraorder Cariamides. |
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Lepidosauromorpha
Plesiosaurs
- Everhart, M. J. (2007). "Historical note on the 1884 discovery of Brachauchenius lucasi (Plesiosauria; Pliosauridae) in Ottawa County, Kansas". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 110 (3–4): 255–258. doi:10.1660/0022-8443(2007)110[255:hnotdo]2.0.co;2.
- Everhart, M. J. (2007). "Use of archival photographs to rediscover the locality of the Holyrood elasmosaur (Ellsworth County, Kansas)". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 110 (1/2): 135–143. doi:10.1660/0022-8443(2007)110[135:uoaptr]2.0.co;2.
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Synapsids
Non-mammalian
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Location | Notes | Images |
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Valid |
|
257 million years ago | ||||
Valid |
|
231 million years ago | ||||
Valid |
|
256 million years ago |
New genus for "Cryptocynodon" parringtoni |
|||
Valid |
|
256 million years ago | ||||
Mammals
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Africanacetus | Valid |
|
Miocene |
|
|||
Valid |
|
Early Oligocene |
Keziletuogayi Formation |
A peradectine marsupial |
|||
Valid |
|
Tortonian |
Nakali Formation |
||||
Valid |
|
Late Miocene |
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Footnotes
Complete author list
As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.
References
- Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- Pigg, K.B.; Dillhoff, R.M.; DeVore, M.L.; Wehr, W.C. (2007). "New diversity among the Trochodendraceae from the Early/Middle Eocene Okanogan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada, and Northeastern Washington State, United States". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 168 (4): 521–532. doi:10.1086/512104. S2CID 86524324.
- Bogner, J.; Johnson, K. R.; Kvacek, Z.; Upchurch, G. R. (2007). "New fossil leaves of Araceae from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene of western North America" (PDF). Zitteliana. A (47): 133–147. ISSN 1612-412X.
- Mindell, R.A.; Stockey, R.A.; Beard, G.; Currah, R.S. (2007). "Margaretbarromyces dictyosporus gen. sp. nov.: a permineralized corticolous ascomycete from the Eocene of Vancouver Island, British Columbia". Mycological Research. 111 (6): 680–684. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.010. PMID 17601718.
- Poinar, G.O.; Buckley, R. (2007). "Evidence of mycoparasitism and hypermycoparasitism in Early Cretaceous amber". Mycological Research. 111 (4): 503–506. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.02.004. PMID 17512712.
- Schultz, T.R. (2007). "The fungus-growing ant genus Apterostigma in Dominican amber". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 80: 425–436.
- Isabelle Veltz; Dany Azar; André Nel (2007). "New chironomid flies in Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Diptera: Chironomidae)". African Invertebrates. 48 (1): 169–191.
- Engel, MS; Grimaldi, DA (2007). "The neuropterid fauna of Dominican and Mexican amber (Neuropterida, Megaloptera, Neuroptera)". American Museum Novitates. 3587: 1–58. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3587[1:TNFODA]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/5880.
- Wedmann, Sonja; Bradler, Sven; Rust, Jes (9 January 2007). "The first fossil leaf insect: 47 million years of specialized cryptic morphology and behavior". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 (2): 565–9. Bibcode:2007PNAS..104..565W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0606937104. PMC 1766425. PMID 17197423.
- Szwedo, J. (2007). "Glisachaemus jonasdamzeni gen. et sp. nov. of Cixiidae from the Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)" (PDF). Alavesia. 1: 109–116. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2011.
- Petrulevicius, J. F.; Huang, D-Y.; Ren, D. (2007). "A new hangingfly (Insecta: Mecoptera: Bittacidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China" (PDF). African Invertebrates. 48 (1): 145–152. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2012.
- Makarkin, VN; Menon, F (2007). "First record of fossil 'rapismatid-like' Ithonidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil". Cretaceous Research. 28 (5): 743–753. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2006.11.003.
- Solórzano Kraemer, M. M.; Mohrig, W. (2007). "Schwenckfeldina archoica sp. nov. (Diptera, Sciaridae) from the middle Miocene Mexican amber" (PDF). Alavesia. 1: 105–108.
- Spencer G. Lucas; Adrian P. Hunt; Justin A. Spielmann (2007). "A new aetosaur from the Upper Triassic (Adamanian: Carnian) of Arizona". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 40: 241–247.
- Nour-Eddine Jalil; Karin Peyer (2007). "A new rauisuchian (Archosauria, Suchia) from the Upper Triassic of the Argana Basin, Morocco". Palaeontology. 50 (2): 417–430. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00640.x.
- Paolillo, Alfredo; Linares, Omar J. (2007). "Nuevos cocodrilos Sebecosuchia del Cenozoico Suramericano (Mesosuchia: Crocodylia)" (PDF). Paleobiologia Neotropical (in Spanish). 3: 1–25.
- Christopher A. Brochu (2007). "Systematics and taxonomy of Eocene tomistomine crocodylians from Britain and Northern Europe". Palaeontology. 50 (4): 917–928. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00679.x.
- Ismar de Souza Carvalho; Felipe Mesquita de Vasconcellos; Sandra Aparecida Simionato Tavares (2007). "Montealtosuchus arrudacamposi, a new peirosaurid crocodile (Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of Brazil". Zootaxa. 1607: 35–46. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1607.1.3. S2CID 87154004.
- Lucas E. Fiorelli; Jorge O. Calvo (2007). "The first "protosuchian" (Archosauria: Crocodyliformes) from the Cretaceous (Santonian) of Gondwana". Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. 65 (4): 417–459. ISSN 0365-4508.
- Stéphane Hua; Eric Buffetaut; Christophe Legall; Patrick Rogron (2007). "Oceanosuchus boecensis n. gen., n. sp., a marine pholidosaurid (Crocodylia, Mesosuchia) from the Lower Cenomanian of Normandy (western France)". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France. 178 (6): 503–513. doi:10.2113/gssgfbull.178.6.503.
- Christopher A. Brochu (2007). "Morphology, relationships, and biogeographical significance of an extinct horned crocodile (Crocodylia, Crocodylidae) from the Quaternary of Madagascar". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 150 (4): 835–863. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00315.x.
- Irmis, Randall B.; Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Padian, Kevin; Smith, Nathan D.; Turner, Alan H.; Woody, Daniel; Downs, Alex (2007). "A Late Triassic dinosauromorph assemblage from New Mexico and the rise of dinosaurs". Science. 317 (5836): 358–361. Bibcode:2007Sci...317..358I. doi:10.1126/science.1143325. PMID 17641198. S2CID 6050601.
- Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 7 August 2008.
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