Baha' al-Din Naqshband

Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari (Persian: بهاءالدین محمد نقشبند بخاری‎) ‎(1318–1389) was the founder of what would become one of the largest Sufi Sunni orders, the Naqshbandi.

Syed Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari
Baha-ud-Din's name in Arabic calligraphy
Born1318
Bukhara, Chagatai Khanate
Died1389 (aged 70–71)
Bukhara, Timurid Empire
Venerated in
InfluencesProphet Muhammad, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Abu Bakr, Jafar Sadiq, Amir Kulal, Abdulkhaliq Ghujdawani
InfluencedYaqub al-Charkhi, Hazrat Ishaan, Moinuddin Hadi Naqshband, Sayyid Mir Jan, Sayyid Mahmud Agha
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Biography

Baha-ud-Din was born on 18 March 1318 CE (14 Muharram, 718 AH) in the village of Qasr-i-Hinduvan (later renamed Qasr-i Arifan) near Bukhara, in what is now Uzbekistan and it was there that he died in 1389.[1]

Lineage

Baha-ud-Din was a Sayyid, a descendant of Prophet Muhammad through Imam Hasan al-Askari. One registered lineage of him is the following:[2][3]

1. Prophet Muhammad

2. Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima Al Zahra

3. Imam Hussain

4. Imam Ali Zayn al-Abidin

5. Imam Muhammad al Baqir

6. Imam Ja'far al-Sâdiq

7. Imam Musa al-Kazim

8. Imam Ali al Reza

9. Imam Muhammad al Taqi

10. Imam Ali al Hadi

11. Imam Hasan al-Askari

12. Mir Sayyid Ali Akbar

13. Sayyid Mir Mahmud Fakhriddin

14. Amir Sayyid Mir Muhyuddin

15. Amir Sayyid Mir Khalwati

16. Amir Sayyid Mir Naqi Naqib

17. Sayyid Mir Ilaq

18. Sayyid Mir Mahmud

19. Sayyid Burhan Qilich

20. Sayyid Mir Shaaban

21. Sayyid Mir Qasim

22. Sayyid Mir Zayn ul Abedin

23. Sayyid Mir Abdullah

24. Sayyid Mir Burhanuddin Qilich

25. Amir Sayyid Mir Jalalludin Muhammad Bukhari

26. Amir Sayyid Burhanuddin Muhammad Bukhari

27. Hazrat Khwaja Sayyid Mir Bahauddin Naqshband[4]

Naqshbandi Golden Chain

He came into early contact with the Khwajagan (lit: the Masters), and was adopted as spiritual progeny by one of them, Baba Muhammad Sammasi, while still an infant. Sammasi was his first guide on the path, and more important was his relationship with Sammasi's principal khalifa (successor), Amir Kulal, the last link in the silsila, or chain of teachers, before Baha-ud-Din:[5]

  1. Muhammad
  2. Sayyidna Abu Bakkar Siddique
  3. Salman the Persian
  4. Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abu Bakkar
  5. Ja'far al-Sadiq
  6. Bayazid Bistami
  7. Abu al-Hassan al-Kharaqani
  8. Abu Ali Farmadi
  9. Abu Yaqub Yusuf al-Hamadani
  10. Abdul Khaliq al-Gajadwani
  11. Arif ar-Riwagri
  12. Mahmood Anjir-Faghnawi
  13. Azizan Ali Ramitani
  14. Sayyid Amir Kulal
  15. Mohammad Baba As-Samasi
  16. Imam at-Tariqah Muhammad Baha'uddin Shah Naqshband
Further information: Naqshbandi Golden Chain

As a youth, Naqshbandi was recognized as an exceptional Islamic scholar before he turned 20. He traveled to Mecca for the Islamic pilgrimage Hajj at least three times. He became a respected scholar in Central Asia and received many guests and pupils to Bukhara from other parts of Central Asia.[6]

Death

Baha-ud-Din was buried in his native village, Qasr-i Arifan, in 1389. In 1544, Khan Abd al-Aziz built over his grave a tomb and surrounding buildings. The Memorial complex is located 16 kilometers from Bukhara and is today a place of pilgrimage.[7]

Legacy and descendants

Baha-ud-Din is the founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi order.

One notable bloodline goes on through his daughter who married Bahauddin’s student and spiritual heir Alauddin Attar. Notable descendants of Bahauddin through this bloodline are Hazrat Ishaan and his family.[8]

See also

References
  1. "Yawm-A-Wilaadat Hazrat Khwaja Shah Bahaudeen Naqshband Qaddas Allahu Sirruhul Azeez". 17 November 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-12-27.
  2. Tazkare Khanwade Hazrat Ishaan, p. 62 f., by Yaseen Qasvari, published by "Idarat Talimate Naqshbandiyya"
  3. https://shajara.org/2020/06/24/naqshbandiya-shajarasi-izidan/ Naqshbandiya shajarasi izidan
  4. "Shajara-e-nasab lineages of descendants of Imam Hasan al-Askari r.a.-Shajara.org". Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  5. Sultanova, Razia (2011). "Naqshbandiyya". From Shamanism to Sufism. I.B.Tauris. p. 32–37. ISBN 978-1-84885-309-6.
  6. Mullerson, Rein (2014). Central Asia. Taylor and Francis. ISBN 9781317792529.
  7. Mullerson, Rein (2014). Central Asia. Taylor and Francis. ISBN 9781317792529.
  8. Tazkare Khanwade Hazrat Ishaan, p. 62 f., by Muhammad Yaseen Qasvari, edited by: Idare Talimat Naqshbandiyya

Further reading
  • The Rules or Secrets of the Naqshbandi Order by Omar Ali-Shah (1992) ISBN 2909347095
  • The Masters of Wisdom by John G. Bennett (1995) ISBN 1881408019
  • The Naqshbandi Sufi Way, (History and Guidebook of the Saints of the Golden Chain). by Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani. Kazi Publications, USA (1995) ISBN 0-934905-34-7
  • Classical Islam and the Naqshbandi Sufi Tradition, Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani, Islamic Supreme Council of America (June 2004), ISBN 1930409230.
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