Demographics of Chile

Chile's 2017 census reported a population of 17,574,003 people. Its rate of population growth has been decreasing since 1990, due to a declining birth rate.[4] By 2050 the population is expected to reach approximately 20.2 million people.[5] About 85% of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40% living in Greater Santiago. The largest agglomerations according to the 2002 census are Greater Santiago with 5.6 million people, Greater Concepción with 861,000 and Greater Valparaíso with 824,000.[6]

Demographics of Chile
Chile population pyramid in 2020
Population17,094,270 (2010)[1]
Growth rate0.9% (2010)
Birth rate14.7 births/1,000 population (2010)
Death rate5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2010)
Life expectancy79.57 years
 • male76.26 years
 • female82.96 years (2010)
Fertility rate1.89 children born/woman (2010)
Infant mortality rate7.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2010)[2]
Age structure
0–14 years23.2% (male 1,966,017/female 1,877,963)
15–64 years67.8% (male 5,625,963/female 5,628,146)
65 and over9.1% (male 627,746/female 875,872) (2010)
Sex ratio
Total0.98 male(s)/female (2010)
At birth1.05 male(s)/female
Under 151.05 male(s)/female
15–64 years1 male(s)/female
65 and over0.72 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityChilean
Major ethnicEuropean 64% and Mestizo 30%[3]
Minor ethnicMapuche 10.2%, other indigenous groups 2.6% (2017 census)
Language
OfficialSpanish (de facto)

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1950 6,081,931—    
1960 7,643,277+25.7%
1970 9,569,631+25.2%
1980 11,174,173+16.8%
1990 13,178,782+17.9%
2000 15,397,784+16.8%
2010 17,094,270+11.0%
2020 18,186,770+6.4%
Source:[7]

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[8][9] the total population was 18,729,160 in 2018, compared to only 6,143,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 20.1%, 69.0% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 10.9% was 65 years or older.[10]

Total population
(× 1000)		 Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)		 Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)		 Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
1950 6 14336.759.04.3
1955 6 86238.157.44.5
1960 7 69639.455.84.8
1965 8 61240.454.55.0
1970 9 56239.655.25.2
1975 10 42136.957.75.4
1980 11 23433.061.45.7
1985 12 10930.663.26.2
1990 13 14129.364.26.5
1995 14 19428.264.87.0
2000 15 17026.565.87.7
2005 16 09724.067.58.5
2010 17 01521.968.59.6
2015 17 94820.169.010.9
2020 19 11619.268.512.2

Structure of the population[11]

Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 8,688,067 8,868,748 17,556,815 100
0–4 639,270 615,764 1,255,034 7.15
5–9 633,287 610,458 1,243,745 7.08
10–14 648,484 625,765 1,274,249 7.26
15–19 707,959 684,424 1,392,383 7.93
20–24 749,460 727,530 1,476,990 8.41
25–29 710,354 693,723 1,404,077 8.00
30–34 634,056 624,375 1,258,431 7.17
35–39 598,029 595,813 1,193,842 6.80
40–44 612,898 617,259 1,230,157 7.01
45–49 610,366 621,300 1,231,666 7.02
50–54 574,320 592,349 1,166,669 6.65
55–59 468,437 492,763 961,200 5.47
60–64 359,065 390,681 749,746 4.27
65–69 276,510 317,107 593,617 3.38
70–74 200,585 247,698 448,283 2.55
75–79 133,715 183,899 317,614 1.81
80+ 131,272 227,840 359,112 2.05
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 1,921,041 1,851,987 3,773,028 21.49
15–64 6,024,944 6,040,217 12,065,161 68.72
65+ 742,082 976,544 1,718,626 9.79

Ancestry and ethnic structure
Ethnic groups background in Chile[12]
Ethnic groups Percent
Mestizo
 
 95%
Mapuche
 
 5%
Aymara
 
 0.7%
Other Indigenous groups (includes Rapa Nui, Likan Antai, Quechua, Colla, Diaguita, Kawesqar, Yagan or Yamana)
 
 0.3%

Chile is a multiethnic society,[13] home to people of many different ethnic backgrounds. Studies on the ethnic structure of Chile vary significantly from one another.

A public health book from the University of Chile (currently inaccessible) states that 65% of the population is of Caucasian origin; Castizos/Mestizos with an average 60% Caucasian ancestry and 40% Native American ancestry are estimated to amount a total of 30%, while Native Americans (Amerindians) comprise the remaining 5%.[14]

UNAM professor of Latin American studies, Francisco Lizcano, in his social research estimates that a predominant 52.7% of the Chilean population can be classified as culturally European, with an estimated 44% as Mestizo.[15] Albeit this is an estimation based on cultural aspects. Other social studies put the total amount of Whites at over 60 percent.[16] Some publications, such as the CIA World Factbook, state that the entire population consist of a combined 95.4% of "Whites and Mixed-Race people", and 4.6% of Amerindians. These figures are based on a national census held in 2002, which classified the population as indigenous and non-indigenous, rather than as White or Mestizo.[17]

Despite the genetic considerations, many Chileans, if asked, would self-identify as white. However, a study performed in 2014 asked several Chileans about their ethnic self-classification, and then took a DNA test: 37.9% of the self-identified as white, yet the DNA tests showed that the average self identifying white was genetically only 74% European.[18]

The 2011 Latinobarómetro survey asked respondents in Chile what race they considered themselves to belong to. Most answered "white" (59%), while 25% said "mestizo" and 8% self-classified as "indigenous".[19] A 2002 national poll revealed that a majority of Chileans believed they possessed "some" (43.4%) or "much" (8.3%) indigenous blood, while 40.3% responded that they had none.[20]

Population genetics

Genetics studies fluctuate between 51.6% and 67.9% European;[21][22][23][24] between 32.1% and 44.3% amerindian;[22][25] and 2.5%—6.3% African ancestry percentages.[26][21]

European immigration
See also: Immigration to Chile
Italian (Emilian) immigrants to Capitán Pastene in southern Chile.

Chile - located far from Europe and difficult to reach - was never an attractive place for migrants from Europe,[27][28] a situation recognized in the census of 1907, the census which recorded the highest percentage of Europeans versus the total population of Chile (2.2%).[29]

The observed increase in 1885 is due in large part to the annexation of three provinces after the Pacific War and the final conquest of the Araucanía. Given that our country receives almost no foreign immigration, this increase is significant, when compared with that of more advanced countries in this regard. The comparative table that follows demonstrates this:

(...)

Except for those lucky countries that have seen in the last half century flocking to its beaches a huge influx of immigrants, a situation that unfortunately is not ours, the rate of increase of the population of Chile, figures honorably between the rate of the most prosperous countries on Earth.

— National Institute of Statistics (Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas)[29]

European migration did not result in a remarkable change in the ethnic composition of Chile, except in the region of Magellan.[30]

Spain was the largest source of European immigration to Chile,[27] since there was never large-scale non-Spanish immigration, as happened in neighboring nations such as Argentina or Uruguay.[28] Therefore, neither have whitened the Chilean population to level of overall percentages.[28] Facts about the amount of the flow of immigration do not coincide with certain national chauvinistic discourse, in which Chile, like Argentina or Uruguay, would have been constituted due to immigration in one of the white Latin American countries, in contrast to what prevails in the rest of the continent.[28] However, it is undeniable that immigrants have played a role in Chilean society.[28] Between 1851 and 1924 Chile only received 0.5% of the European immigration flow to Latin America, against 46% to Argentina, 33% to Brazil, 14% to Cuba, and 4% to Uruguay.[27] This was because most of the migration occurred across the Atlantic, not the Pacific, and this migration occurred mostly before the construction of the Panama Canal.[27] Also, Europeans preferred to stay in countries closer to their homelands instead of taking the long journey through the Straits of Magellan or crossing the Andes.[27] In 1907, European-born reached a peak of 2.2% of the Chilean population;[31] the proportion reduced to 1.9% in 1920[32] and 1.6% in 1930.[33]

The largest contingent of people to have arrived in post-independence Chile came from Spain and from the Basque country, a region divided between northern Spain and southern France. Estimates of the number of Chileans who have one or two surnames of Basque origin range from 10% (1,600,000) to as high as 20% (3,200,000).[34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Note that this phenomenon occurs not only in Chile, but also in every Autonomous Community of Spain,[41] as well as in other Latin American countries - one can see that a substantial portion of their populations have one or two surnames of Basque or Navarre origin,[42][43][44][45][46][47] tending to be more common in the upper classes, and hence becoming more unusual in lower classes.[48]

Chile's various waves of non-Spanish immigrants include Italians, Irish, French, Greeks, Germans, English, Scots, Croats, and Poles.

In 1848 an important and substantial German immigration took place, laying the foundation for the German-Chilean community.[49][50] Sponsored by the Chilean government for the colonization of the southern region, the Germans (including German-speaking Swiss, Silesians, Alsatians and Austrians), strongly influenced the cultural and racial composition of the southern provinces of Chile. It is difficult to count the number of descendants of Germans in Chile, given the great amount of time since 1848. Because many areas of southern Chile were sparsely populated, the traces of German immigration there are quite noticeable. An independent estimate calculates that about 500,000 Chileans could descend from German immigrants.[51]

Other historically significant immigrant groups included Croats, whose descendants today are estimated at 380,000 persons, or 2.4% of the Chilean population.[52][53] Some authors claim that close to 4.6% of the Chilean population must have some Croatian ancestry.[54] Over 700,000 Chileans (4.5% of the Chilean population) may have British (English, Scottish or Welsh) and Irish forebears.[55] Chileans of Greek descent are estimated to number between 90,000 and 120,000;[56] most live in or near either Santiago or Antofagasta, and Chile is one of the five countries in the world most populated with descendants of Greeks.[57] The descendants of Swiss immigrants add 90,000,[58] and estimates suggest that about 5% of the Chilean population has some French ancestry.[59] 600.000 Chileans descend from Italian immigrants. Other groups of Europeans exist but are found in smaller numbers, such as the descendants of Austrians[60] and Dutchmen (estimated at about 50,000).[61][62] Altogether, these immigrants with their descendants have transformed Chile culturally, economically and politically.

Latin American immigrants
See also: Immigration to Chile

Since the reestablishment of democracy in Chile, the former tendency for emigrants from the country to outnumber immigrants to it has reversed. Chile now is one of the two countries in Latin America with a positive migration rate.[63] Since 1990, with the opening of Chile to the world, through a free market system, and the consequent socioeconomic development of the country, has been noted the attraction of a significant number of immigrants from various Latin American countries, which represented in Census 2017, approximately 1,200,000 people, corresponding to 7% of the population residing in the Chilean territory, without counting their descendants born in Chile, due to the effects of the ius soli.[64] Their main origins, corresponds to: 288,233 Venezuelans, 223,923 Peruvians, 179,338 Haitians, 146,582 Colombians, 107,346 Bolivians, 74,713 Argentines, 36,994 Ecuadorians, 18,185 Brazilians, 17,959 Dominicans, 15,837 Cubans and 8,975 Mexicans.[65]

This has prompted a change in the physiognomy of certain communes in the country where its number is concentrated. In communes such as Santiago Centro and Independencia, 1/3 of residents is a Latin American immigrant (28% and 31% of the population of these communes, respectively).[66] Other communes of Greater Santiago with high numbers of immigrants are Estación Central (17%) and Recoleta (16%).[67] In the northern regions such as Antofagasta region, 17.3% of the population is a Latin American foreigner, with communes such as Ollagüe (31%), Mejillones (16%), Sierra Gorda (16%) and Antofagasta (11%), with high percentages of Latin American immigrants, mainly Bolivians, Colombians and Peruvians.[68]

Indigenous communities
Main article: Indigenous peoples in Chile
1902 photograph of a Mapuche girl from Concepción, in southern Chile.

The 1907 census reported 101,118 Indians, or 3.1% of the total country population. Only those that practiced their native culture or spoke their native language were considered, irrespective of their "racial purity."[69]

According to the 2002 census, only indigenous people that still practiced a native culture or spoke a native language were surveyed, and 4.6% of the population (692,192 people) fit that description. Of that 4.6%, 87.3% declared themselves Mapuche.[70] Most of the indigenous population show varying degrees of mixed ancestry.[71]

Chile is one of the twenty-two countries to have signed and ratified the only binding international law concerning indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989.[72] It was adopted in 1989 as the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention 169. Chile ratified the convention in 2008. In November 2009, a court decision in Chile, considered to be a landmark ruling in indigenous rights concerns, made use of the ILO convention 169. The Supreme Court decision on Aymara water rights upholds rulings by both the Pozo Almonte tribunal and the Iquique Court of Appeals, and marks the first judicial application of ILO Convention 169 in Chile.[73]

Those belonging to recognised indigenous communities (2002)
Alacaluf2,6220.02%Mapuche604,3494.00%
Atacameño21,0150.14%Quechua6,1750.04%
Aymara48,5010.32%Rapanui4,6470.03%
Colla3,1980.02%Yámana1,6850.01%

Other ethnic groups

It is estimated that about 5% of the population (800,000) is descendant of Asian immigrants, chiefly from the Middle East (i.e. Palestinians, Syrians and Lebanese, see Arab Chileans).[74][75] Most of these are Christians from the Levant,[76] of whom roughly 500,000 are Palestinian descendants, mostly Christians, are believed to reside in Chile.[77][78][79][80][81][82] Additionally, about 18,000 - 25,000 Jews reside in Chile.[83]

In recent years, Chile has had a growing East Asian population, mainly from China (see Chinese Chilean), but also from Japan (see Japanese Chilean) and South Korea (see Koreans in Chile). The earliest wave of East Asian immigration took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly Chinese and Japanese contract laborers.

Chile administers Easter Island a territory 4,100 km west of the mainland. The Rapa Nui people are native to the island and are Polynesian in origin. About 3,500 live on the island,[84] but around 10,000 came to the mainland in the 20th century.

There is a sizable population of Romani people in Chile. They are widely and easily recognized, and continue to hold on to their traditions and language, and many continue to live semi-nomadic lifestyles traveling from city to city and living in small tented communities[85]

Languages
Main article: Languages of Chile
Languages background in Chile[12]
Languages Percent
Spanish
 
 99.5%
English
 
 10.2%
Indigenous (Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, Rapa Nui)
 
 1%
Other
 
 2.3%
Unspecified
 
 0.2%

The Spanish spoken in Chile is distinctively accented and quite unlike that of neighbouring South American countries because final syllables and "s" sounds are dropped, and some consonants have a soft pronunciation.[86][87] Accent varies only very slightly from north to south; more noticeable are the small differences in accent based on social class or whether one lives in the city or the country. That the Chilean population was largely formed in a small section at the center of the country and then migrated in modest numbers to the north and south helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions.[88]

There are several indigenous languages spoken in Chile: Mapudungun, Quechua, Aymara and Rapa Nui. After the Spanish invasion, Spanish took over as the lingua franca and the indigenous languages have become minority languages, with some now extinct or close to extinction.[89]

German is spoken to a great extent in southern Chile,[90] either in small countryside pockets or as a second language among the communities of larger cities.

Through initiatives such as the English Opens Doors program, the government made English mandatory for students in fifth-grade and above in public schools. Most private schools in Chile start teaching English from kindergarten.[91] Common English words have been absorbed and appropriated into everyday Spanish speech.[92] Since 2010, all students from 3rd grade in secondary school have been tested on listening and reading comprehension in English. The evaluation is compulsory and the instrument is TOIEC Bridge, developed by Educational Testing Service.

Religion
Main article: Religion in Chile
Religious background in Chile[12]
Religion Percent
Roman Catholic
 
 67.4%
Evangelical or Protestant
 
 15.7%
None
 
 11.5%
Other
 
 3.4%
Unspecified
 
 1.1%
Jehovah Witness
 
 1%

Christianity is the largest religion in Chile, with Roman Catholicism being the largest denomination.[93] In the most recent census (2002), 70 percent of the population over age 14 identified as Roman Catholic and 15.1 percent as evangelical. In the census, the term "evangelical" referred to all non-Catholic Christian churches with the exception of the Orthodox Church (Arab, Greek, Persian, Serbian, Ukrainian, and Armenian), The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), Seventh-day Adventists, and Jehovah's Witnesses. Approximately 90 percent of evangelicals are Pentecostal. Wesleyan, Lutheran, Reformed Evangelical, Presbyterian, Anglican, Episcopalian, Baptist and Methodist churches are also present.[94] Non-religious people, atheists account for around 8% of the population.

Vital statistics

Official statistics[95]
Average population Live births [96] Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Total fertility rate
1950 6,081,000 206,582 91,180 115,402 34.0 15.0 19.0
1951 6,218,000 209,794 92,728 117,066 33.7 14.9 18.8
1952 6,354,000 225,758 81,966 143,792 35.5 12.9 22.6
1953 6,491,000 222,956 80,068 142,888 34.3 12.4 21.9
1954 6,627,000 220,968 84,519 136,449 33.3 12.8 20.5
1955 6,764,000 237,213 87,843 149,370 35.1 13.0 22.1
1956 6,940,000 249,756 84,199 165,557 36.0 12.1 23.9
1957 7,116,000 262,746 91,506 171,240 36.9 12.9 24.0
1958 7,291,000 263,418 88,930 174,488 36.1 12.2 23.9
1959 7,467,000 267,657 94,491 173,166 35.8 12.7 23.1
1960 7,643,000 282,681 95,486 187,195 37.0 12.5 24.5
1961 7,843,000 290,412 91,348 199,064 37.0 11.6 25.4
1962 8,044,000 304,930 94,874 210,056 37.9 11.8 26.1
1963 8,245,000 309,908 98,293 211,615 37.6 11.9 25.7
1964 8,445,000 306,050 94,058 211,992 36.2 11.1 25.1
1965 8,646,000 308,014 91,648 216,366 35.6 10.6 25.0
1966 8,831,000 295,761 95,450 200,311 33.5 10.8 22.7
1967 9,015,000 277,009 86,840 190,169 30.7 9.6 21.1
1968 9,200,000 273,296 84,433 188,863 29.7 9.2 20.5
1969 9,385,000 268,807 84,336 184,471 28.6 9.0 19.6
1970 9,569,000 261,609 83,014 178,595 27.3 8.7 18.6
1971 9,738,000 273,518 83,456 190,062 28.1 8.6 19.5
1972 9,907,000 277,891 87,429 190,462 28.0 8.8 19.2
1973 10,076,000 276,650 80,994 195,656 27.5 8.0 19.5
1974 10,244,000 267,977 78,493 189,484 26.2 7.7 18.5
1975 10,413,000 256,543 74,481 182,062 24.6 7.2 17.4
1976 10,565,000 247,722 80,537 167,185 23.4 7.6 15.8
1977 10,717,000 240,463 73,446 167,017 22.4 6.8 15.6
1978 10,869,000 236,780 72,436 164,344 21.8 6.7 15.1
1979 11,021,000 241,077 74,528 166,549 21.9 6.8 15.1
1980 11,174,000 247,013 74,109 172,904 22.1 6.6 15.5
1981 11,359,000 264,809 69,971 194,838 23.3 6.2 17.1
1982 11,545,000 270,003 69,887 200,116 23.4 6.1 17.3
1983 11,731,000 256,539 74,296 182,243 21.9 6.3 15.6
1984 11,916,000 265,016 74,669 190,347 22.2 6.3 15.9
1985 12,047,000 261,978 73,534 188,444 21.7 6.1 15.6
1986 12,248,000 272,997 72,209 200,788 22.3 5.9 16.4
1987 12,454,000 279,762 70,559 209,203 22.5 5.7 16.8
1988 12,667,000 296,581 74,435 222,146 23.4 5.9 17.5
1989 12,883,000 303,798 75,453 228,345 23.6 5.9 17.7
1990 13,179,000 307,522 78,434 229,118 23.3 6.0 17.3
1991 13,422,000 299,456 74,862 224,594 22.3 5.6 16.7
1992 13,665,000 293,787 74,090 219,697 21.5 5.4 16.1 2.54
1993 13,908,000 290,438 76,261 214,177 20.9 5.5 15.4 2.48
1994 14,152,000 288,175 75,445 212,730 20.4 5.3 15.1 2.41
1995 14,395,000 279,928 78,517 201,411 19.4 5.5 13.9 2.34
1996 14,596,000 278,729 79,123 199,606 19.1 5.4 13.7 2.28
1997 14,796,000 273,641 78,472 195,169 18.5 5.3 13.2 2.22
1998 14,997,000 270,637 80,257 190,380 18.0 5.4 12.6 2.17
1999 15,197,000 263,867 81,984 181,883 17.4 5.4 12.0 2.11
2000 15,398,000 261,993 78,814 183,179 17.0 5.1 11.9 2.07
2001 15,572,000 259,069 81,871 177,198 16.6 5.3 11.3 2.03
2002 15,746,000 251,559 81,080 170,479 16.0 5.1 10.9 1.97
2003 15,919,000 246,827 83,672 163,155 15.5 5.3 10.2 1.92
2004 16,093,000 242,476 86,138 156,338 15.1 5.4 9.7 1.88
2005 16,267,000 242,980 86,102 156,878 14.9 5.3 9.6 1.87
2006 16,433,000 243,561 85,639 157,922 14.8 5.2 9.6 1.89
2007 16,598,000 242,054 93,000 149,054 14.6 5.6 9.0 1.93
2008 16,763,000 248,366 90,168 158,198 14.8 5.4 9.4 1.97
2009 16,929,000 253,584 91,965 161,619 15.0 5.4 9.6 1.96
2010 17,094,000 251,199 97,930 153,269 14.7 5.7 9.0 1.93
2011 17,248,0001 247,358 94,985 152,373 14.4 5.5 8.9 1.88
2012 17,445,000 243,635 98,711 144,924 14.0 5.7 8.3 1.84
2013 17,612,000 242,862 99,770 143,092 13.8 5.7 8.1 1.84
2014 17,787,000 252,194 101,960 150,234 14.2 5.7 8.5 1.85
2015 17,971,000 245,406 103,327 142,079 13.6 5.7 7.9 1.79
2016 18,167,000 232,616 104,026 128,590 12.8 5.7 7.1 1.68
2017 18,419,000 219,494 106,388 113,106 11.9 5.8 6.1 1.58
2018 18,751,000 221,724 106,786 114,938 11.8 5.7 6.1 1.55
2019(p) 19,107,200 210,863 109,370 101,493 11.0 5.7 5.3
2020(p) 19,458,310 189,173 125,771 63,402

1This estimate and those of previous years were made before the 2012 census results were known.

(p) = preliminary figures.

Current vital statistics

[97] Number of births:

  • January-November 2019 = 193,892
  • January-November 2020 = 179,658

Number of deaths:

  • January-November 2019 = 101,042
  • January-November 2020 = 116,094

Natural growth:

  • January-November 2019 = 92,850
  • January-November 2020 = 63,564
* * *During the months from March to July 2020 the registration of births was affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which is also the cause for the sharp increase in the number of deaths during this year.

United Nations estimates

The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [10]

Period Live births
per year		 Deaths
per year		 Natural change
per year		 CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total		 Life expectancy
males		 Life expectancy
females
1950–1955244,00094,000150,00037.514.523.05.1512054.952.956.8
1955–1960268,00095,000173,00036.813.123.75.1811856.253.858.7
1960–1965285,00095,000190,00035.011.623.44.9610958.155.361.0
1965–1970291,00093,000198,00032.110.221.94.468960.857.763.9
1970–1975271,00088,000183,00027.18.818.33.576963.760.667.0
1975–1980257,00084,000173,00023.87.816.02.934567.464.070.8
1980–1985265,00082,000183,00022.77.115.62.662470.967.474.4
1985–1990286,00081,000205,00022.76.416.32.601872.869.676.0
1990–1995278,00080,000198,00020.45.914.52.381474.571.577.4
1995–2000261,00080,000181,00017.85.512.32.161275.972.878.9
2000–2005248,00082,000166,00015.95.210.72.00877.974.880.9
2005–2010240,00085,000155,00014.55.19.41.88778.675.581.7
2010–2015235,00089,000146,00013.55.18.41.78679.877.082.6
2015–2020233,00096,000137,00013.35.27.51.73581.078.383.6
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

2012 Census

According to the Chilean census held in 2012, the population of Chile was 16,634,603.[98]

The methodology used for the census was questioned by advisors to the National Statistics Institute (INE), however, which led to an investigation and the resignation of its director, Francisco Labbé, in April 2013. At the same time, the Chilean government ruled out doing the census over again.[98][99]

Largest cities
See also: List of cities in Chile

This list includes conurbations and cities with over 150,000 inhabitants. Information is from the 2002 census. (Note: The population given is limited to the city area and is not the population in the whole commune.)[100]

Graphs and maps
  • Chile. Population density by commune, based on 2002 census (2009)
  • Population from 1820, projected up to 2050
  • Agglomerations and cities above 10,000 inhabitants in 2005

References
  1. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 30, 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-21.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "Defunciones y Mortalidad Infantil". deis.minsal.cl. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2015.
  3. Chile. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  4. "Anuario Estadísticas Vitales 2003". Instituto National de Estadísticas.
  5. "Chile: Proyecciones y Estimaciones de Población. Total País 1950–2050" (PDF). Instituto National de Estadísticas.
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  38. (in Spanish) La población chilena con ascendencia vasca bordea entre el 15% y el 20% del total, por lo que es uno de los países con mayor presencia de emigrantes venidos de Euskadi. Archived February 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
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