Deputy prime minister

A deputy prime minister or vice prime minister is, in some countries, a government minister who can take the position of acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent. The position is often likened to that of a vice president, as both positions are "number two" offices, but there are some differences.

The states of Australia and provinces of Canada each have the analogous office of deputy premier. In the devolved administrations of the United Kingdom, an analogous position is that of the deputy First Minister, albeit the position in Northern Ireland has equivalent powers to the First Minister differing only in the titles of the offices. In Canada, the position of deputy prime minister should not be confused with the Canadian Deputy Minister of the Prime Minister of Canada, a nonpolitical civil servant position.

A deputy prime minister traditionally serves as acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent or incapable of exercising power. The deputy prime minister is often asked to succeed to the prime minister's office following the prime minister's sudden death or unexpected resignation, but that is not necessarily mandated by the constitution. This government position is often a job that is held simultaneously with another ministry, and is usually given to one of the most senior or experienced ministers of the cabinet. The holder of this office may also be deputy leader of the governing party, or perhaps the leader of the junior party of a coalition government.

Little scholarly attention has focused on deputy prime ministers, as they are sometimes less involved in the political power plays of government and more focus on the work at hand. A 2009 study in Political Science identified nine 'qualities' of deputy prime ministership: temperament; relationships with their Cabinet and caucus; relationships with their party; popularity with the public; media skills; achievements as deputy prime minister; relationship with the prime minister; leadership ambition; and method of succession.[1]

By contrast, the structure of the Government of Russia[2] and Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine provides for several deputy prime ministers or vice prime ministers.[3] In the case of the Russian government, the Prime Minister is responsible for defining the scope of the duties for each of their deputies,[4] who also may head a specific ministry: e.g. the former Minister of Finance of Russia, Alexey Kudrin, also serves as one of the deputies of the prime ministers or vice-premiers. One or two of these deputy prime ministers may hold the title of a First Deputy Prime Minister. Russian federal law indicates that in accordance with the order established in advance, one of the deputy prime ministers may temporarily substitute for the Prime Minister in their absence. Customarily, however, it is to one of the "First" Deputy Prime Ministers that the prime-ministerial duties may be delegated. At the same time, in the case of Prime Minister's resignation, the law allows the President of Russia to choose any of the current vice-premiers to serve as an acting Prime Minister until the confirmation of the new government.[5]

Lists of deputy prime ministers

State Office Officeholder Assumed office
 Albania Deputy Prime Minister Erion Braçe 17 January 2019
 Armenia Deputy Prime Minister Tigran Avinyan 11 May 2018
Mher Grigoryan
 Australia Deputy Prime Minister Michael McCormack 26 February 2018
 Austria Vice-Chancellor Werner Kogler 7 January 2020
 Bahamas Deputy Prime Minister Desmond Bannister 6 December 2020[6]
 Belgium Deputy Prime Minister Pierre-Yves Dermagne 1 October 2020
Sophie Wilmès
Georges Kilkinet
Vincent Van Peteghem
Frank Vandenbroucke
Petra De Sutter
Vincent Van Quickenborne
 Belize Deputy Prime Minister Cordel Hyde 16 November 2020
 Cambodia Deputy Prime Minister Sar Kheng 3 February 1992
Hor Namhong 16 July 2004
Tea Banh 16 July 2004
Bin Chhin 5 September 2007
Yim Chhaily 25 September 2008
Men Sam An 25 September 2008
Ke Kim Yan 12 March 2009
Prak Sokhonn 6 September 2018
Aun Pornmoniroth 6 September 2018
Chea Sophara 6 September 2018
 Canada Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland 20 November 2019
 China First Vice Premier Han Zheng 19 March 2018
Second Vice Premier Sun Chunlan
Third Vice Premier Hu Chunhua
Fourth Vice Premier Liu He
 Croatia Deputy Prime Minister Damir Krstičević 19 October 2016
Predrag Štromar 9 June 2017
Davor Božinović 19 July 2019
Zdravko Marić
 Czech Republic First Deputy Prime Minister Jan Hamáček 27 June 2018
Deputy Prime Minister Alena Schillerová 30 April 2019
Karel Havlíček 30 April 2019
 Eswatini Deputy Prime Minister Themba N. Masuku[7] 4 November 2018
 Ethiopia Deputy Prime Minister of Ethiopia Demeke Mekonnen 21 September 2012
 Finland Deputy Prime Minister Mika Lintilä 6 June 2019
 Germany Vice-Chancellor Olaf Scholz 14 March 2018
 Greece Deputy Prime Minister Panagiotis Pikrammenos 9 July 2019
 India Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 2004) N/A
 Ireland Tánaiste Leo Varadkar 27 June 2020
 Israel Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 2013) N/A
Vice Prime Minister Vacant (since 2016)
 Italy Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 2019) N/A
 Jamaica Deputy Prime Minister Horace Chang 7 September 2020
 Japan Deputy Prime Minister Tarō Asō 26 December 2012
 Kazakhstan First Deputy Prime Minister Alihan Smaiylov 25 February 2019
Deputy Prime Minister Roman Sklyar 18 September 2019
Eraly Togjanov 11 February 2020
 Lebanon Deputy Prime Minister Zeina Akar 21 January 2020
 Lesotho Deputy Prime Minister Mathibeli Mokhothu 21 May 2020
 Luxembourg Deputy Prime Minister Etienne Schneider 4 December 2013
 Malaysia Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 24 February 2020)[8] N/A
 Malta Deputy Prime Minister Chris Fearne 17 July 2017
 Mauritius Deputy Prime Minister Ivan Collendavelloo 17 December 2014
Vice Prime Minister Fazila Jeewa-Daureeawoo 16 November 2017
 Montenegro Deputy Prime Minister Dritan Abazović 4 December 2020
 Namibia Deputy Prime Minister Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah 21 March 2015
   Nepal Deputy Prime Minister Ishwar Pokhrel 1 June 2018
 Netherlands Deputy Prime Minister Hugo de Jonge 26 October 2017
Kajsa Ollongren
Carola Schouten
 New Zealand Deputy Prime Minister Grant Robertson 6 November 2020
 Pakistan Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 2012) N/A
 Papua New Guinea Deputy Prime Minister Sam Basil 1 October 2020
 Poland Deputy Prime Minister Jarosław Gowin 16 November 2015
Piotr Gliński
Jacek Sasin 4 June 2019
 Portugal Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 2015) N/A
 Romania Deputy Prime Minister Dan Barna 23 December 2020
Deputy Prime Minister Kelemen Hunor 23 December 2020
 Russia First Deputy Chairman of the Government Andrey Belousov 21 January 2020
Deputy Chairman of the Government Viktoria Abramchenko 21 January 2020
Dmitry Grigorenko 21 January 2020
Marat Khusnullin 21 January 2020
Alexey Overchuk 21 January 2020
Yury Borisov 18 May 2018
Yury Trutnev 31 August 2013
Tatyana Golikova 18 May 2018
Dmitry Chernyshenko 21 January 2020
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Deputy Prime Minister Shawn Richards 22 February 2015
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Deputy Prime Minister Montgomery Daniel 7 November 2020
 Samoa Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 11 September 2020)[9][10] N/A
 Serbia First Deputy Prime Minister Ivica Dačić 27 April 2014
Deputy Prime Minister Rasim Ljajić 27 July 2012
Zorana Mihajlović 27 April 2014
Nebojša Stefanović 11 August 2016
 Singapore Deputy Prime Minister Heng Swee Keat 1 May 2019
 Slovenia Deputy Prime Minister Zdravko Počivalšek 13 March 2020
Matej Tonin
Aleksandra Pivec
 Solomon Islands Deputy Prime Minister Manasseh Maelanga[11] 1 November 2019
 SpainDeputy Prime Minister Carmen Calvo 7 June 2018
 South Korea Deputy Prime Minister Yoo Eun-hae 2 October 2018
Hong Nam-ki 10 December 2018
 Sweden Deputy Prime Minister Margot Wallström 3 October 2014
Isabella Lövin 25 May 2016
 Taiwan Vice Premier Shih Jun-ji 8 September 2017
 Thailand Deputy Prime Minister Prawit Wongsuwan 30 August 2014
Wissanu Krea-ngam
Jurin Laksanawisit 10 July 2019
Anutin Charnvirakul
Don Pramudwinai 12 August 2020
Supattanapong Punmeechaow
 Tonga Deputy Prime Minister Sione Vuna Fa'otusia 10 October 2019
 Tuvalu Deputy Prime Minister Minute Alapati Taupo 20 September 2019
 United Kingdom Deputy Prime Minister Vacant (since 2015) N/A
First Secretary of State Dominic Raab 24 July 2019
 Vanuatu Deputy Prime Minister Ishmael Kalsakau[12] 21 April 2020
 Vietnam First Deputy Prime Minister Trương Hòa Bình 9 April 2016
Deputy Prime Minister Phạm Bình Minh 13 November 2013
Vũ Đức Đam
Vương Đình Huệ 9 April 2016
Trịnh Đình Dũng

Position abolished

Former countries

References

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