Eastern Yugur language

Eastern Yugur is the Mongolic language spoken within the Yugur nationality. The other language spoken within the same community is Western Yughur, which is a Turkic language. The terms may also indicate the speakers of these languages. Traditionally, both languages are indicated by the term Yellow Uygur, from the autonym of the Yugur. Eastern Yugur speakers are said to have passive bilingualism with Southern Mongolian, the standard spoken in China.[3]

Eastern Yugur
Native toChina
RegionGansu
Ethnicity6,000 Yugur (2000)[1]
Native speakers
4,000 (2007)[1]
Mongolic
  • Southern Mongolic
    • Eastern Yugur
Language codes
ISO 639-3yuy
Glottologeast2337
ELPEast Yugur[2]

Grigory Potanin recorded a glossary of Salar, Western Yugur, and Eastern Yugur in his 1893 book written in Russian, The Tangut-Tibetan Borderlands of China and Central Mongolia.[4][5][6][7][8][9]

Phonology
Consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
plain lateral
Stop voiceless p t k q
aspirated pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ
Affricate voiceless t͡s t͡ʃ
aspirated t͡sʰ t͡ʃʰ
Fricative voiceless s ɬ ʃ χ h
voiced β ɣ ʁ
Nasal voiced m n ŋ
voiceless n̥
Trill r
Approximant l j

The phonemes /ç, çʰ, ɕ, ɕʰ, ʂ, ʑ/ appear exclusively in Chinese loanwords.[10]

Vowels[11]
Front Central Back
High i yʉ u
Mid e ø ə o ɔ
Low ɑ

Vowel length is also distributed.

References
  1. Eastern Yugur at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Endangered Languages Project data for East Yugur.
  3. Stephen Adolphe Wurm; Peter Mühlhäusler; Darrell T. Tyron; International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies (1996). Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas, Volume 2, Part 1. Walter de Gruyter. p. 822. ISBN 978-3-11-013417-9. Retrieved 2010-10-31.
  4. Poppe, Nicholas (1953). "Remarks on The Salar Language". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 16 (3/4): 438–477. doi:10.2307/2718250. ISSN 0073-0548. JSTOR 2718250.
  5. http://members.home.nl/marcmarti/yugur/biblio/ROOS_WesternYugurLanguage.pdf
  6. "Yugurology". Archived from the original on October 5, 2003.
  7. Grigoriĭ Nikolaevich Potanin (1893). Tangutsko-Tibetskai͡a okraina Kitai͡a i TSentralnai͡a Mongolii͡a.
  8. Григорий Николаевич Потанин (1893). Тангутско-Тибетская окраина Китая и Центральная Монголія: путешествіе Г.Н. Потанина 1884-1886. Том 2. Тип. А.С. Суворина.
  9. Григорий Николаевич Потанин (1893). Тангутско-Тибетская окраина Китая и Центральная Монголія: путешествіе Г.Н. Потанина 1884-1886. Тип. А.С. Суворина.
  10. NUGTEREN, HANS; ROOS, MARTI (1996). "Common Vocabulary of the Western and Eastern Yugur Languages: The Turkic and Mongolic Loanwords". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 49 (1/2): 25–91. JSTOR 43391252.
  11. Chuluu (1994)

Literature
  • 保朝鲁; 贾拉森 (1991). 东部裕固语和蒙古语 (in Chinese). 呼和浩特: 内蒙古人民出版社. ISBN 978-7-204-01401-9. OCLC 299469024.
  • Chuluu, Üjiyediin (1994). Introduction, grammar and sample sentences for Jegün Yogur. University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies. OCLC 32579233.
  • Zhang, Juan; Stuart, Kevin C. (1996). Blue cloth and pearl deer : Yogur folklore. Sino-Platonic papers, no. 73. Dept. of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania. OCLC 41180478.


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