Ili Turki language

Ili Turki is an endangered[3] Turkic language spoken primarily in China. In 2007, it was reported that there were around 30 families using it in China.

Ili Turki
İlı turkeşi
Native toChina, Kazakhstan
RegionXinjiang
Native speakers
(120 in China cited 1980)[1]
30 families in China (2007); moribund in Kazakhstan
Language codes
ISO 639-3ili
Glottologilit1241
ELPIli Turki[2]

Classification

Ili Turki appears to belong to the Chagatay group of Turkic languages, although it exhibits a number of features that suggest a Kipchak substratum.[4] [5]

A comparison of Ili Turki's Chagatay and Kipchak features is shown below:

Kipchak & Chagatay features in Ili Turki
 Kazakh (Kipchak)Ili TurkiUzbek (Chagatay)English
*G > w after low vowels taw taw tɒɣ mountain
Genitive assimilation tyje+niŋ / et+tiŋ tʉjæ+nin / et+tin tʉjæ+niŋ / et+niŋ of the camel / of the meat
*G > w > Ø after high vowels sarɨ sarɨq sarɨq yellow
Loss of geminate consonants seɡiz sekkiz sækkiz eight

Geographic distribution

Ili Turki is in China's Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture along the Ili River and its tributaries and in Yining. There may be some speakers in Kazakhstan. Ili Turki has no official status in either country.

Phonology

Consonants
Consonants of Ili Turki
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ  
Plosive p b t d tʃ dʒ k ɡ q    
Fricative s z ʃ χ ʁ h
Tap ɾ
Approximant l j w

Vowels
Vowel Sounds of Ili Turki
Front Central/back
RoundedUnrounded
Close i ʉ ɨ
Mid e ɵ
Open æ ɑ

See also

Notes

    References
    1. Ili Turki at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    2. Endangered Languages Project data for Ili Turki.
    3. Christopher Moseley, "Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages", published by Routledge, 2007
    4. Zhào Xiāngrú and Reinhard F. Hahn (1989). "The Ili Turk People and Their Language". Central Asiatic Journal. 33 (3/4): 261–285.
    5. Reinhard F. Hahn (1991). "An Annotated Sample of Ili Turki". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 45 (1): 31–53.
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