Hamilton East, New Zealand

Hamilton Gardens, a 58 hectare public park, is located along the banks of the Waikato River. Hamilton Gardens is the most popular visitor attraction in the region with about 1.3 million visitors each year, nearly half of them being tourists.[10] They were developed from the 1980s in stages, with paradise, productive, cultivar and landscape collections. The much-praised paradise collection includes a Chinese scholar's garden, an English flower garden, a Japanese garden of contemplation, an American modernist garden, an Italian Renaissance garden and an Indian char bagh garden.[11]

Hayes Paddock, Hamilton East.

Hayes Paddock, an enclave in Hamilton East developed between 1939–1945, was planned and built according to the philosophies and ideals of the First Labour Government and the Garden City Movement. It includes curved street patterns, open plan garden layouts, low density development, and the provision of walkways and reserves. Hayes Paddock contains over 200 classic state houses built along seven streets named mostly after New Zealand governors general.[12]

These governors general were notable and influential men of their time. Macfarlane Street, the only street not named after a governor general, was named after James MacFarlane, a partner in the Auckland company of Henderson and MacFarlane.[13] The area that makes up Hayes Paddock was named after William Hayes who farmed the area, under lease, from 1903 to 1925.[14]

• Viscount Sir Charles Bathurst Bledisloe

Governor general from 1930-1935. Street: Bledisloe Terrace.

• Sir Charles Fergusson

Governor general from 1924-1930. Street: Fergusson Street.

• Sir George Vere Arundel Mockton-Arundel Galway

Governor general from 1935-1941. Street: Galway Avenue.

• Viscount Sir John Rushworth Jellicoe

Governor general from 1920-1924. Street: Jellicoe Drive.

• Sir William Lee Plunket

Governor general from 1904-1910. Street: Plunket Terrace.

• Sir William Hillier Onslow

Governor general from 1889-1892. Street: Onslow Street.

Thanks to Hamilton heritage enthusiasts and local council processes, Hayes Paddock has received protection in the city's district plan.[15] The purpose of this protection was to safeguard the unique and special heritage of the Hayes Paddock area.[16]

An extensive chronology of key events from 1978, when Hayes paddock was first identified as having heritage value, to the May 2006 Council Report leading to the council decision, can be found in the Variation to Hamilton City District Plan version 2001.[17]

A final hearing of proposed changes was held in July 2008 and on 24 September 2008 a full Council confirmed the changes, subject to some amendments.[18][19]

Graham Island is a small islet of about 0.2 ha (0.49 acres), separated from the main river bank south of Hayes Paddock by about 5 m (16 ft) of shallow water. It rises to about 4 m (13 ft) above the river, with a low cliff facing the main channel. Most of the island is covered in raspberry, with alder and silver and golden wattle as the main trees.[20] Te Moutere O Koipikau Pā once stood on the island.[21]

A beach was part of the 1945 plan for developing the reserve.[22] In 2013 it was voted one of the country's best beaches.[23]

The Institute de Notre Dames des Missions was a Romanesque style convent and heritage site on Clyde St.[24] Most of the building was demolished in 2017, but the chapel was restored and is a Category 2 listed building.[25]

The modern Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary was dedicated in 1980 and refurbished in 2008. It is the Cathedral of the Hamilton Catholic Diocese.[26]

Cenotaph at Memorial Park

Hamilton's first militia settlers landed on this site in 1864. The park and cenotaph were created in memory of First World War soldiers on what was previously called Kowhai Bank.[27] The park was further developed with a Second World War memorial as well as a Spitfire air-force memorial.[11]

On the riverbank is the hulk of the paddle steamer Rangiriri.[28] She was prefabricated at the P.N. Russell & Co. foundry in Sydney[29] and assembled at Port Waikato.[30] The first of the military settlers landed from the Rangiriri at Hamilton on 24 August 1864.[31] She ran aground in 1889, was lifted from the riverbed in 1981,[32] pulled further up in 1982[33] and restored in 2010.[34] Her length was 90 ft 6 in (27.58 m), breadth 20 ft (6.1 m) and speed 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph).[29]

From 1985 MV Waipa Delta[35] provided excursions from the Park until 2009.[36] She was replaced by a smaller boat until the pontoon at the Park was removed in 2013.[37] The former Golden Bay vessel,[38] Cynthia Dew, ran 4 days a week[39] on the river from 2012[40] and now runs 5 days a week from a floating pontoon.[41]

Parana Park is about 1.2 hectares (3.0 acres)[42] and forms a northern extension of Memorial Park. It was left to the city in 1929 in the will of George Parr (hence the name Parana),[43] who was the son of the 1893 Mayor.[34] In 1936, a paddling pool and playground were built and wallabies and a possum introduced.[27] The playground was rebuilt in 2012.[43] There are several notable trees and structures in the Park.[44] In Gibbons Creek a barrier was removed and 3 fish passes built to help migratory fish overcome weirs.[45]

At the centre of Hamilton East is Steele Park, named for militia officer William Steele. It was originally called Sydney Square, after the New South Wales city where members of the 4th Waikato militia enlisted.[46] The oaks around its perimeter were planted in 1889, the silver jubilee of the arrival of militia settlers. Historically used for social gatherings for settlers, today it continues to be an important venue for sport, cultural and social events.

Pearson's carbolic sand soap factory in about 1900

The Loyal Hamilton Lodge of the Independent Order of Oddfellows was built by Edward Pearson in 1874 on the perimeter of Steele Park. It is now a Historic Place Category 2 building[47] housing the Cook bar.[48] From about 1884 it was used as a factory by the family who had built it a decade earlier.[49] Pearson's sandsoap was advertised from 1882,[50] took out a patent in 1884,[51] started a factory in Sydney in 1892[52] and later moved production to Penrose.[53] Prior to 1934 some of their sand came from what is now Edgecumbe Park in Whitiora.[54] Edward Pearson also built a nearby Presbyterian church,[55] which was demolished in 1957.[56]

A former redoubt, Galloway Park is now an active sports park utilised for a variety of summer and winter sports. In summer, it is primarily used for cricket and in winter, it is primarily used for soccer.

Greenslade House is a distinctive Edwardian house, with a turret,[57] at 1 Wellington Street. It was built between 1910-1912 for a prominent Hamilton businessman and New Zealand Liberal Party MP, Henry Greenslade. The architect, John W Warren, also helped design the Waikato Hospital. The Pearson family (see Oddfellows Hall above) lived in the house from 1934.[57] It remains a private residence, was given Historic Place Category 1 listing on 21 September 1989,[58] is a large 490 with 5 bedrooms and 4 bathrooms[59] and has been sold many times since restoration in the 1970s.[60]

Beale Cottage

The tiny cottage on the corner of Beale and Grey Streets is Hamilton's oldest remaining house, named after the 4th Mayor of Hamilton, Bernard Charles Beale. He designed and built the simple cottage in 1872 using locally-grown kauri and kahikatea. Soon after, he added several more rooms. One room in the house was used as a surgery.

Located at the entrance to Hamilton Gardens, Nga Uri o Hinetuparimaunga is a sculpture created by two internationally renowned artists, sculptor Chris Booth and Diggeress Te Kanawa. Their design proposal was chosen in a competition to which top New Zealand artists had been invited to submit designs. The woven Hinuera stone cloak sculpture honours natural creative processes.[61]