Hardaway Site

The Hardaway Site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 31ST4, is an archaeological site near Badin, North Carolina. A National Historic Landmark, this multi-layered site has seen major periods of occupation as far back as 10,000 years. Materials from this site were and are used to assist in dating materials from other sites in the eastern United States. The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1990.[2]

Hardaway Site
Distant view from southwest
Nearest cityBadin, North Carolina
NRHP reference No.84002529
Significant dates
Added to NRHPMarch 1, 1984[1]
Designated NHLJune 21, 1990[2]

Description

The Hardaway Site is located on a rocky ridge overlooking Badin Lake, occupying two knolls and the intervening saddle at the ridge's northern end. The site is stratified into four layers of cultural material, found above an otherwise sterile layer of clay. Each of these layers contains extensive evidence of human habitation and use, including stone-lined hearths, and large volumes of stone tool creation byproducts (debitage). The uppermost layer of material has been disturbed by historic activities, including occupation by Native Americans in the colonial period, and plowing for agriculture.[3]

The site was identified by an amateur archaeologist in 1937, and underwent its first professional excavation in 1948, under the auspices of the University of North Carolina (UNC), by arrangement with the landowner, a predecessor to Alcoa, the present owner of the site. Between then and 1958 it was systematically investigated, but early work was frustrated by difficult topography and geology. An analysis of finds published in 1964 was able to lay a groundwork of typology and chronology of features and materials that continues to be of importance to archaeologists working in the region. By the end of 1980, more than seven metric tons of cultural material had been recovered from the site.[3] While the archaeologists were allowed to study the artifacts found, Alcoa retained ownership of all of the artifacts. In 2005 Alcoa donated the more than 1.3 million artifacts to UNC.[4]

See also

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. "Hardaway Site". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2007-03-02. Retrieved 2008-02-26.
  3. Barnes, Mark (October 2007). "The Hardaway Site: A Treasure Preserved" (PDF). The Mammoth Trumpet (Volume 22, No. 4). Retrieved 2016-01-12.
  4. "Alcoa Donates Historic Hardaway Artifacts to The University of North Carolina" (PDF). Alcoa. Retrieved 11 May 2012.
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