List of Toyota engines

This is a list of engines developed, independently or with other car companies, by Toyota.

Engine codes

Toyota has produced a wide variety of automobile engines, including inline-four and V6 engines. The company follows a simple naming system for their modern engines:

  1. The first numeric characters specify the engine block's generation
  2. The next one or two letters specify the engine family
  3. The suffix (separated by a dash) specifies the features of the engine:
Suffix Feature
AValvematic variable lift intake head
BBefore 2000 indicates twin SU-style side-draft carburetors
After 2000 indicates E85 Ethanol fuel.
CCarbureted / California Emissions Controlled
DTwin downdraft carburetors or Toyota engines used by Daihatsu without VVT-i (e.g., 1KR-DE)
EMulti-point fuel injection
FNormal cylinder head DOHC
GPerformance cylinder head DOHC
HHigh compression
High pressure charged (example : 2L-THE)
ISingle-point fuel injection
JAutochoke (Early models) or pollution control for commercial cars in Japan
KOn-demand Atkinson cycle in non-hybrid engines
LTransverse
MPhilippines' market (meaning unknown)
NCNG fuel
PLPG fuel
RLow Compression (For 87 and below octane fuel)
SSwirl intake (1980s)
D-4 Gasoline direct injection
TTurbocharged
UWith Catalytic converter Japan-spec emissions
VD-4D Common rail direct injection system (diesel) or Toyota engines used by Daihatsu with VVT-i (e.g., 1NR-VE)
XHybrid Atkinson cycle
ZSupercharged

Note: Other manufacturers may modify the engine after it has left the Toyota factory but the engine still keeps the original Toyota designation. For example, Lotus added a supercharger to the 2ZZ-GE in some versions of the Lotus Elise and Exige but it is still labelled 2ZZ-GE, not 2ZZ-GZE.

For Example

  • 2NR-FE

2NR – 2nd generation engine in the NR engine family
F – Economy narrow-angle DOHC
E – Electronic fuel injection

  • 1ND-TV

1ND – 1st Generation Engine In The ND Engine Family
T – Turbocharged
V – D-4D common rail direct injection (diesel)

The use of "G" to denote twin cam engines was decided on in 1971, with the renaming of the 10R into 8R-G. Before, twin cams had received new numerical codes.[1]

  • Note: Toyota, in 1987, began assigning dual letter engine codes to some of the "engine family" categories in some engine lines, particularly six cylinder models. This can create potential confusion. E.g. 1MZ-FE – This is not a supercharged, narrow angle, fuel injected M-series engine, but a narrow angle, fuel injected MZ-series engine. Confusion is easiest to avoid when using the dash to separate between the engine series and its own characteristics: for instance, 1MZ-FE rather than 1M-ZFE.

Gasoline

Flat-twin or Flat-four
  • 1961 – U
    • 1961–1966 – 0.7 L (697 cc) U
    • 1965–1975 – 0.8 L (790 cc) 2U
    • 2012–present – 2.0 L (1,998 cc) 4U

Straight-3
  • 2004 – KR – DOHC (by Daihatsu)
    • 2004 – 1.0 L (998 cc) 1KR
  • 2019 - M15A - DOHC
    • 2019 - 1.5 L (1490 cc) M15A
  • 2020 - G16E - DOHC
    • 2020 - 1.6 L (1618 cc) G16E

Straight-4
  • 1939 – Type C – OHV
    • 1939–1941 – 2.3 L (2259 cc) C
  • 1947 – Type S – SV
    • 1947–1959 – 1.0 L (995 cc) S
  • 1953 – R – OHV/SOHC/DOHC
    • 1953–1964 – 1.5 L (1453 cc) R
    • 1964–1969 – 1.5 L (1490 cc) 2R
    • 1959–1968 – 1.9 L (1897 cc) 3R
    • 1965–1968 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 4R
    • 1968–1986 – 2.0 L (1994 cc) 5R
    • 1969–1974 – 1.7 L (1707 cc) 6R
    • 1968–1970 – 1.6 L (1591 cc) 7R
    • 1968–1972 – 1.9 L (1858 cc) 8R
    • 1967–1968 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 9R
    • 1968–1971 – 1.9 L (1858 cc) 10R
    • 1969–1988 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 12R
    • 1974–1980 – 1.8 L (1808 cc) 16R
    • 1971–1982 – 2.0 L (1968 cc) 18R
    • 1975–1977 – 2.0 L (1968 cc) 19R
    • 1974–1980 – 2.2 L (2189 cc) 20R
    • 1978–1987 – 2.0 L (1972 cc) 21R
    • 1980–1995 – 2.4 L (2366 cc) 22R
  • 1959 – P
    • 1959–1961 – 1.0 L (997 cc) P
    • 1961–1972 – 1.2 L (1198 cc) 2P
    • 1972–1979 – 1.3 L (1345 cc) 3P
  • 1966 – K – OHV
    • 1966–1969 – 1.1 L (1077 cc) K
    • 1969–1988 – 1.0 L (993 cc) 2K
    • 1969–1979 – 1.2 L (1166 cc) 3K
    • 1978–1989 – 1.3 L (1290 cc) 4K
    • 1983–1989 – 1.5 L (1486 cc) 5K
    • 1998–1998 – 1.8 L (1781 cc) 7K
  • 1970 – T – OHV/DOHC
    • 1970–1979 – 1.4 L (1407 cc) T
    • 1970–1985 – 1.6 L (1588 cc) 2T
    • 1977–1985 – 1.8 L (1770 cc) 3T
    • 1970–1983 – 1.6 L (1588 cc) 12T
    • 1977–1982 – 1.8 L (1770 cc) 13T
  • 1978 – A – SOHC/DOHC
    • 1978–1979 – 1.5 L (1452 cc) 1A
    • 1979–1986 – 1.3 L (1295 cc) 2A
    • 1979–1988 – 1.5 L (1452 cc) 3A
    • 1979–1998 – 1.6 L (1587 cc) 4A
    • 1987–1998 – 1.5 L (1498 cc) 5A
    • 1989–1992 – 1.4 L (1397 cc) 6A
    • 1993–1998 – 1.8 L (1762 cc) 7A
    • 2004 – 1.3 L (1342 cc) 8A
  • 1982 – S – SOHC/DOHC
    • 1982–1988 – 1.8 L (1832 cc) 1S
    • 1982–1987 – 2.0 L (1995 cc) 2S
    • 1985–2005 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 3S
    • 1987–1998 – 1.8 L (1838 cc) 4S
    • 1990–2001 – 2.2 L (2164 cc) 5S
  • 1982 – Y – OHV
    • 1982 – 1.6 L (1626 cc) 1Y
    • 1982 – 1.8 L (1812 cc) 2Y
    • 1982–1998 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 3Y
    • 1985–1993 – 2.2 L (2237 cc) 4Y
  • 1985 – E – SOHC/DOHC
    • 1985–1994 – 1.0 L (999 cc) 1E
    • 1985–1998 – 1.3 L (1295 cc) 2E
    • 1986–1994 – 1.5 L (1456 cc) 3E
    • 1989–1998 – 1.3 L (1331 cc) 4E
    • 1991–1999 – 1.5 L (1497 cc) 5E
  • 1990 – TZ – DOHC
    • 1990–2000 – 2.4 L (2438 cc) 2TZ
  • 1997 – ZZ – DOHC
    • 1997–2007 – 1.8 L (1794 cc) 1ZZ
    • 1999–2006 – 1.8 L (1796 cc) 2ZZ
    • 2000 – 1.6 L (1598 cc) 3ZZ
    • 2000 – 1.4 L (1398 cc) 4ZZ
  • 1989 – RZ – SOHC/DOHC
    • 1989 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 1RZ
    • 1989 – 2.4 L (2400 cc) 2RZ
    • 1995 – 2.7 L (2693 cc) 3RZ
  • 1999 – SZ – DOHC (by Daihatsu)
    • 1999 – 1 L (997 cc) 1SZ
    • 2001 – 1.3 L (1298 cc) 2SZ
    • 2006 – 1.5 L (1495 cc) 3SZ
  • 1997 – NZ – DOHC
    • 1997 – 1.5 L (1497 cc) 1NZ
    • 1999 – 1.3 L (1298 cc) 2NZ
  • 2000 – AZ – DOHC
    • 2000 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 1AZ
    • 2000 – 2.4 L (2362 cc) 2AZ
  • 2003 – TR – DOHC
    • 2003 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 1TR
    • 2003 – 2.7 L (2694 cc) 2TR
  • 2007 – ZR – DOHC
    • 2007 – 1.6 L (1598 cc) 1ZR
    • 2007 – 1.8 L (1797 cc) 2ZR
    • 2007 – 2.0 L (1986 cc) 3ZR
  • 2008 – NR – DOHC
    • 2008 – 1.33 L (1329 cc) 1NR
    • 2010 – 1.5 L (1496 cc) 2NR
    • 2011 – 1.2 L (1197 cc) 3NR
    • 2013 – 1.3 L (1329 cc) 4NR
    • 2013 – 1.5 L (1496 cc) 5NR
    • 2010 – 1.3 L (1329 cc) 6NR
    • 2010 – 1.5 L (1498 cc) 7NR
    • 2015 – 1.2 L (1197 cc) 8NR
  • 2009 – AR – DOHC
    • 2009 – 2.7 L (2672 cc) 1AR
    • 2009 – 2.5 L (2494 cc) 2AR
    • 2014 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 6AR
    • 2015 – 2.0 L (1998 cc) 8AR
  • 2014 - RI - DOHC (Non-production)
    • 2014 - 2.0 L RI4A
    • 2017 - 2.0 L RI4AG
  • 2017 - A25A - DOHC
    • 2017 - 2.5 L (2487 cc) A25A
  • 2018 - M20A - DOHC
    • 2018 - 2.0 L (1987 cc) M20A

Straight-6
  • 1935 – Type A – OHV
    • 1935–1947 – 3.4 L (3389 cc) A
  • 1937 – Type B – OHV
    • 1937-1955 – 3.4 L (3389 cc) B
  • 1955 – F – OHV
    • 1955–1975 – 3.9 L (3878 cc) F
    • 1975–1987 – 4.2 L (4230 cc) 2F
    • 1985–1992 – 4.0 L (3956 cc) 3F
  • 1965 – M – SOHC/DOHC
    • 1965–1985 – 2.0 L (1988 cc) M
    • 1966–1972 – 2.3 L (2253 cc) 2M
    • 1966–1971 – 2.0 L (1988 cc) 3M
    • 1972–1980 – 2.6 L (2563 cc) 4M
    • 1979–1988 – 2.8 L (2759 cc) 5M
    • 1984–1987 – 3.0 L (2954 cc) 6M
    • 1986–1992 – 3.0 L (2954 cc) 7M
  • 1979 – G – SOHC/DOHC
    • 1979–2006 – 2.0 L (1988 cc) 1G
  • 1990 – JZ – DOHC
    • 1990–2006 – 2.5 L (2491 cc) 1JZ
    • 1991–2006 – 3.0 L (2997 cc) 2JZ
  • 1993 – FZ – DOHC
    • 1993–2007 – 4.5 L (4477 cc) 1FZ

V6
  • 1987 – VZ – DOHC/SOHC
    • 1987–1993 – 2.0 L (1992 cc) 1VZ
    • 1987–1991 – 2.5 L (2496 cc) 2VZ
    • 1987–1997 – 3.0 L (2958 cc) 3VZ
    • 1993–1998 – 2.5 L (2496 cc) 4VZ
    • 1995–2004 – 3.4 L (3378 cc) 5VZ
  • 1994 – MZ – DOHC
    • 1994 – 2007 – 3.0 L (2995 cc) 1MZ
    • 1998 – 2001 – 2.5 L (2496 cc) 2MZ
    • 2003 – 2010 – 3.3 L (3310 cc) 3MZ
  • 2002 – GR – DOHC
    • 2002 – 4.0 L (3955 cc) 1GR
    • 2006 – 3.5 L (3456 cc) 2GR
    • 2003 – 3.0 L (2994 cc) 3GR
    • 2006 – 2.5 L (2499 cc) 4GR
    • 2005 – 2.5 L (2497 cc) 5GR
  • 2017 – V35A – DOHC
    • 2017 – 3.4 L (3444 cc) V35A

V8
  • 1963 – V – OHV
    • 1963–1967 – 2.6 L (2,599 cc) V
    • 1967–1973 – 3.0 L (2,981 cc) 3V
    • 1973–1983 – 3.4 L (3,376 cc) 4V
    • 1983–1998 – 4.0 L (3,995 cc) 5V
  • 1988 – R – DOHC (Non-production)
    • 1988 – 3.2 L (3,200 cc) R32V
    • 1989–1994 – 3.6 L (4,663 cc) R36V
  • 1989 – UZ – DOHC
    • 1989–2002 – 4.0 L (3,969 cc) 1UZ
    • 1998–2009 – 4.7 L (4,663 cc) 2UZ
    • 2000–2010 – 4.3 L (4,300 cc) 3UZ
  • 2003 – RV – DOHC (Non-production)
    • 2003 – 4.0 L
    • 2006-2008 – 4.0 L RV8J
    • 2009 – 3.4 L RV8K, RV8KG
    • 2011 – 3.4 L RV8KLM
  • 2006 – UR – DOHC
    • 2006 – 4.6 L (4,608 cc) 1UR
    • 2007 – 5.0 L (4,969 cc) 2UR
    • 2007 – 5.7 L (5,663 cc) 3UR

V10
  • 2010 – LR – DOHC/VVT-i
    • 2010–2012 – 4.8 L (4,805 cc) 1LR-GUE

V12
  • 1997 – GZ – DOHC
    • 1997–2016 – 5.0 L (4,996 cc) 1GZ-FE

Diesel

Starting in 1957 until 1988, Toyota established a separate dealership in Japan dedicated to cars and trucks installed with diesel engines, called Toyota Diesel Store. When the dealership was disbanded, diesel products are now available at all locations, with commercial products exclusive to Toyota Store and Toyopet Store locations.

Straight-4
  • 1964 – J – OHV
    • 1964-1978 – 2.3 L (2,336 cc) J
    • 1969–1983 – 2.5 L (2,481 cc) 2J
  • 1974 – B Second gen. – OHV/SOHC
    • 1972–1988 – 3.0 L (2,977 cc) B
    • 1977–1982 – 3.2 L (3,168 cc) 2B
    • 1980–1990 – 3.4 L (3,432 cc) 3B
    • 1984-1990 – 3.0 L (2,977 cc) 11B
    • 1984–1990 – 3.4 L (3,432 cc) 13B
    • 1988-1996 – 3.7 L (3,661 cc) 14B
    • 1996–2002 – 4.1 L (4,104 cc) 15B
  • 1980 – L – SOHC
    • 1977–1983 – 2.2 L (2,188 cc) L
    • 1980–2001 – 2.4 L (2,446 cc) 2L
    • 1987–2006 – 2.4 L (2,446 cc) 2L-II change rocker arm to direct tappet drive
    • 1989–2003 – 2.4 L (2,446 cc) 2L-E
    • 1991–1997 – 2.8 L (2,779 cc) 3L
    • 1997- 3.0 L (2,986 cc) 5L
  • 1983 – W – OHV
    • 1983–1995 – 4.0 L (4,009 cc) 1W
  • 1984 – C Third gen. – SOHC
    • 1984–1992 – 1.8 L (1,839 cc) 1C
    • 1984–2000 – 2.0 L (1,974 cc) 2C
    • 1994–2002 – 2.2 L (2,184 cc) 3C
  • 1986 – N – SOHC
    • 1986–1999– 1.4 L (1,453 cc) 1N
  • 1993 – KZ – SOHC
    • 1993–2004 – 3.0 L (2,982 cc) 1KZ
  • 2000 – CD – DOHC
    • 2000–2006 2.0 L (1,995 cc) 1CD-FTV
  • 2001 – ND – SOHC
    • 2001- 1.4 L (1,364 cc) 1ND-TV
  • 2001 – KD – DOHC
    • 2000- 3.0 L (2,982 cc) 1KD-FTV
    • 2001- 2.5 L (2,494 cc) 2KD-FTV
  • 2005 – AD – DOHC
    • 2006- 2.0 L (1,998 cc) 1AD
    • 2005- 2.2 L (2,231 cc) 2AD
  • 2013 - WW - DOHC
    • 2013- 1.6 L (1,598 cc) 1WW
    • 2015- 2.0 L (1,995 cc) 2WW
  • 2015 – GD – DOHC
    • 2015- 2.8 L (2,755 cc) 1GD-FTV
    • 2015- 2.4 L (2.393 cc) 2GD-FTV

Straight-5
  • 1989 – PZ – SOHC
    • 1990–2001– 3.5 L (3,470 cc) 1PZ

Straight-6
Engine 1D 2D H (early) H 2H 12H-T 1HZ 1HD-T 1HD-FT 1HD-FTE
Years produced 1956–1961 1962–1979 1967-present 1972-present 1981–1990 1986–1990 1990–present 1990–1995 1995–present 1998-present
Power (kW) 67 @ 3600 71 @ 3600 77 @ 3500 101 @ 3500 96 @ 4000 123 @ 3600 125 @ 3600 122 @ 3400
Power (HP) 110 @ 2600 130 @ 2600 90 @ 3600 95 @ 3600 103 @ 3500 136 @ 3500 129 @ 4000 165 @ 3600 168 @ 3600 164 @ 3400
Torque (Nm) 343 @ 1200 392 @ 1400 205 @ 2200 216 @ 2200 240 @ 2000 313 @ 2000 285 @ 2200 363 @ 2000 380 @ 2500 380 @ 1400
Torque (ft·lb) 151 @ 2200 159 @ 2200 177 @ 2000 231 @ 2000 210 @ 2200 268 @ 2000 280 @ 2500 280 @ 1400
Capacity (cc) 5890[2] 6494[3] 3576 3576 3980 3980 4164 4164 4164 4164
Bore × Stroke (mm) 100 × 125 105 × 125 88 × 98 88 × 98 91 × 102 91 × 102 94 × 100 94 × 100 94 × 100 94 × 100
Compression Ratio 17.2 : 1 18.0 : 1 21.0 : 1 19.5 : 1 20.7 : 1 18.6 : 1 22.7 : 1 18.6 : 1 18.6 : 1 18.8 : 1
Aspiration Natural Natural Natural Natural Natural Turbo Natural Turbo Turbo Turbo
Number of Valves 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 24
Cam Arrangement gear-driven OHV gear-driven OHV gear-driven OHV gear-driven OHV belt-driven SOHC belt-driven SOHC belt-driven SOHC belt-driven SOHC
Injection Indirect Indirect Indirect Direct Indirect Direct Direct Direct
Injector Pump Inline Inline Inline Inline Rotary Rotary Rotary Rotary

V8
  • 2007 – VD – DOHC
    • 2007-2010.4.5 L (4461 cc) 1VD-FTV

References
  1. All About the Toyota Twin Cam, 2nd ed., Tokyo, Japan: Toyota Motor Company, 1984, p. 27
  2. "Toyota Model DA Truck". 75 Years of Toyota. Toyota. 2012.
  3. "Toyota Model DA115C Truck". 75 Years of Toyota. Toyota. 2012.

Toyota has not published an explanation of the codes used for engine features. Matti Kalalahti derived a list of engine feature codes and published them on his "Engine codes explained" web page in Oct 1999.

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