List of consorts of the Ottoman sultans

This is a list of Consorts of the Ottoman sultans, the wives and concubines of the monarchs of the Ottoman Empire who ruled over the transcontinental empire from its inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922.

Honorific and titles

Hatun

Hatun (Ottoman Turkish: خاتون) was used as an honorific for women in the Ottoman period, roughly equivalent to the English term Lady. The term was being used for the Ottoman sultan's consorts. When the son of one of the consorts ascended the throne she became Valide Hatun (Mother of Sultan).

Sultan

Sultan (سلطان) is a word of Arabic origin, originally meaning "authority" or "dominion". By the beginning of the 16th century, the title of sultan, carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty, was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably hatun for women and bey for men), with imperial women carrying the title of "Sultan" after their given names. Consequently, the title "Valide Hatun" also turned into "Valide Sultan". In this time, the title "Haseki Sultan" was created and used for the legal wife or Chief Consort of the Ottoman Sultan. For example, Hafsa Sultan, Suleiman's mother and first Valide Sultan, and Hürrem Sultan, Suleiman's legal wife and first Haseki Sultan. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative.[1] Towards the end of the seventeenth century the title hatun and sultan for imperial consorts was replaced by Kadın and Ikbal.

Kadın

Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: قادين) was the title given to the official wives of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The title officially first came in use during the reign of Sultan Suleiman II. The Sultan could have up to four and some times five women i.e. wives with the imperial rank of Kadın and unlimited number of wives with the rank of Ikbal.

Ikbal

Ikbal (Ottoman Turkish: اقبال) was the title given to the official consorts of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, who came below the rank of Kadın.

Hurrem Sultan , Nurbanu Sultan , Kosem Sultan , Akile Hatun , Humasah Sultan , Gulnus Sultan , Mihrisah Sultan , Naksidil Sultan and all the consorts of Sultan Abdulmejid I were his legal wives.

Consorts of the Ottoman sultans

Name Parent(s) Birth name Origin Place of Origin Marriage Spouse
Bala Hatun Sheik Edebali Mala Turkish 1280 Osman I
Nilüfer (Bayalun) Hatun Porphyrogennetos of Yahisar Holofira Greek Bilecik, Byzantine Empire 1299 Orhan I
Asporça Hatun Asporsha Greek Byzantine Empire 1316
Theodora Hatun Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos
Empress Irene Asanina
Theodora Kantakouzene Greek Byzantine Empire May 1346
Eftandise Hatun Mahmud Alp Turkish
Gülçiçek Hatun Maria Greek Byzantine Empire 1359 Murad I
Paşa Melîke Hatun Kızıl Murad Bey Pasha Turkish ?
Thamara Hatun Emperor Ivan Alexander
Empress Theodora[2]
Kera Tamara Bulgarian Bulgarian Empire 1370
Fülane Hâtûn Konstantin Dejanović Serb Serbian Empire 1372 Bayezid I
Sultan Hatun Süleyman of Germiyan
Mutahhare Abide Hatun
Devletşah Turkish Kütahya,
Germinayid Principality
1378
Hafsa Hatun Fahreddin İsa Bey Hâfize Turkish Birgi, Aydinid Principality 1390
Olivera Despina Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović
Princess Nemanjić
Mileva Olivera Lazarević Serbian Kruševac, Serbia 1390
Şehzade Hatun Prince Dividdar Ahmed Bey Turkish Amasya,
Kutluşah Principality
Mehmed I
Emine Hatun Prince Nasıreddin Mehmed Bey Emine Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
1403
Kumru Hatun
Yeni Hatun Prince Amasyalı Mahmud-Şâh Bey Turkish Amasya,
Tâceddin Principality
Murad II
Sultan Hatun (wife of Murad II) Prince Izzeddin Isfendiyar Bey Hatice Halime Turkish Kastamonu,
Isfendiyarid Principality
1423
Hüma Hatun Italian[3] or Serb[4] Europe 1426
Despina Hatun Despot Đurađ Branković
Princess Eirene Kantakouzene[5]
Mara Branković Serb Serbian Despotate 4 September 1435
Gülbahar Hatun Albanian[6] 1446 Mehmed II
Gülşah Hatun Prince Damat Ibrahim II Bey Turkish Mut,
Karamanid Principality
1451
Sittişah Hatun Prince Süleyman Bey Mükrime Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
15 December 1449
Hatice Hatun Damat Zağanos Paşa Hatice Balkan 1451
Çiçek Hatun 1458
Nigar Hatun Abdullah Vehbi ? Bayezid II
Şirin Hatun 1464
Bülbül Hatun 1465
Gülbahar Hatun Abd'üs-Samed
or Prince Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey
Ayşe Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
1469
Gülruh Hatun Abd'ül-Hay 1476
Hüsnüşah Hatun Prince Nasuh Bey Turkish Mut,
Karamanid Principality
?
Ferahşad Hatun ?
Muhtereme Hatun Abd'ül-Hay ?
Hafsa Valide Sultan 1494

Selim I

Mahidevran Sultan unknown Albanian or Circassian[7] Suleiman I
Hürrem Sultan Russian Priest Havrylo Lisowski
Leksandra Lisowska
Alexandra Lisowska Ukrainian Rohatyn, Kingdom of Poland June 1531 (Legal marriage)
Nurbanu Sultan[8] Nicolò Venier (?)
Violanta Baffo (?)
Cecilia Venier-Baffo / Rachel Italian? Jew? Greek? Páros?, Cyclades Islands, Republic of Venice 7 September 1566 (Legal marriage) Selim II
Safiye Sultan Sofia Albanian Dukagjin highlands, Sanjak of Scutari Murad III
Şahıhuban Hatun
Nazperver Hatun Doamna Chiajna Mircea Ciobanul Dobra Romanian Țara Românească
Şemsiruhsar Hatun
Handan Sultan Helen Bosnia? Bosnia? 1589 Mehmed III
Halime Sultan Abaza Caucasus 1589
Mahfiruz Hatun Hatice 1603 Ahmed I
Kösem Sultan Greek Orthodox priest Anastasia Greek Tinos, Greece 15 November 1617 (Legal marriage)
Ayşe Sultan Ayşe January 1620 Osman II
Akile Hatun Şeyhülislam Esad Efendi Rukiye Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 7 February 1622 (Legal marriage)
Ayşe Sultan Murad IV
Sanavber Hatun
Turhan Sultan East Slavic Ibrahim I
Aşub Sultan 1641
Muazzez Sultan 1642
Ayşe Sultan Ayşe 1643
Mahienver Sultan Circassian 1644
Saçıbağı Sultan Leyla Circassian North Caucasus 1645
Şivekar Sultan Meryem Armenian Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1646
Hümaşah Sultan Hümaşah Circassian Caucasus 1647 (Legal marriage)
Gülnuş Sultan Greek Orthodox priest Evmania Voria Greek Rethymno, Crete, Republic of Venice 4 August 1683 (Legal marriage) Mehmed IV
Hatice Kadın Suleiman II
Behzad Kadın
Ivaz Kadın
Sülün Kadın
Şehsuvar Kadın
Zeyneb Kadın
Rabia Sultan Unknown Bulgaria Ahmed II
Alicenab Kadın Mustafa II
Bahtiyar Kadın
Saliha Sultan Alexandra Greek
Ivaz Kadın
Şehsuvar Sultan Serbian nobility Marija Serb Rumelia
Afife Kadın
Emetullah Kadın Ahmed III
Rukiye Kadın
Mihrişah Kadın 19 April 1709
Hatice Kadın
Şermi Kadın Unknown
Zeyneb Kadın
Musall Kadın Emine
Hanife Kadın
Gülşen Kadın
Ümmügülsüm Kadın
Hürrem Kadın
Meyli Kadın
Hümaşah Kadın Fatma
Nijad Kadın
Nazife Kadın
Hatem Hanım
Alicenab Kadın Mahmud I
Verdinaz Kadın
Rami Kadın
Hatem Kadın
Leyla Kadın Osman III
Zevki Kadın
Ferhunde Kadın Emine
Aynülhayat Kadın Mustafa III
Mihrişah Sultan Agnes Abkhazia Caucasus 1760
Rifat Kadın 1759
Adilşah Kadın Ayşe 1765
Ayşe Kadın Ayşe Abdul Hamid I
Hümaşah Kadın 1775
Ruhşah Kadın Hatice
Muteber Kadın
Şebsefa Kadın 1781
Mehtabe Kadın
Sineperver Sultan 1776
Nakşidil Sultan
Nefizar Kadınefendi Selim III
Hüsnümah Kadın
Zibifer Kadın
Nurişems Kadın
Tabısafa Kadın
Şevkinur Kadın Mustafa IV
Seyyare Kadın
1808 Mahmud II
Mislinayab Kadın
Ebrureftar Kadın
Zernigar Kadın 1825
Bezmiâlem Sultan Abkhazia Abkhazia 1822
Aşubcan Kadın 1808
Nurtab Kadın
Hoşyar Kadın 1811
Pervizifelek Kadın 1823
Lebrizifelek Hanım
Hüsnimelek Hanım
Tiryal Hanım 1826
Pertevniyal Sultan Persida Romanian Romania 1830
Servetseza Kadın Prince Mansur Temruko
Princess Fülane Dadeşkeliani
Temruko Circassian Maykop, Russia 1837 Abdulmejid I
Tirimüjgan Kadın Bekhan Bey
Almaş Hanım
Shapsug North Caucasus 1840
Düzdidil Kadın Şıhım Dişan
Princess Fülane Çaçba
Ayşe Dişan Ubykh North Caucasus 2 October 1842
Şevkefza Kadın Mehmed Zaurum
Cemile Hanım
Zaurum Abkhazia(country) Abkhazia Gagra, Abkhazia 1 August 1839
Zeynifelek Hanım Prince Aslan Klıç
Princess Şaşa Loo
Klıç Abkhazia Abkhazia 1841
Gülcemal Kadın Hatice Bosnian Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1840
Verdicenan Kadın Prince Kaytuk Giorgi Açba
Princess Yelizaveta Hanım
Saliha Açba Abkhazia Sukhum, Abkhazia 17 December 1840
Nükhetsezâ Hanım Hatuğ Baras
Ferhunde Hanım
Hatice Baras Abkhazia Abkhazia 21 October 1841
Mahitab Kadın Hişam Bey
Malika Hanım
Nuriye Chechen Makhachkala, Russia 1845
Nesrin Hanım Manuçar Asemiani
Mahra Hanım
Adile Asemiani Abkhazia Abkhazia 1842
Ceylanyar Hanım Mustafa Berzeg
Princess Daruhan Dudaruk
Nafiye Berzeg Ubykh Sochi, Russia 1847
Nergizev Hanım Albora Bey
Dadüse Hanım
Natukhai Anapa, Russia 1847
Navekmisal Hanım Prince Rustem Bey Biberd
Princess Fatma Kızılbek
Biberd Abkhazia Abkhazia 1848
Bezmiara Kadın Circassian Circassia 1849 - 1852 (Legal marriage)
Nalandil Hanım Prince Natıkhu Çıpakue Çıpakue Natukhai Anapa, Russia 1850
Şayeste Hanım Prince Tataş İnalipa
Sarey Hanım
İnalipa Abkhazia Sukhum, Abkhazia 1851
Serfiraz Hanım Prince Osman Liah
Zeliha Tapsın
Ayşe Liah Abkhazia Abkhazia 1852
Gülüstü Hanım Prince Tahir Çaçba
Afişe Lakerba
Fatma Çaçba Abkhazia Sukhum, Abkhazia August 1854
Perestu Kadın Gök Gogen
Şah Hanım
Rahime Gogen Ubykh Sochi, Russia 20 January 1856 (Legal marriage)
Dürrünev Kadın Prince Mahmud Dziapş-lpa
Princess Halime Çikotua
Melek Dziapş-İpa Abkhazia Batumi, Georgia 20 May 1856 Abdülaziz
Edadil Kadın Prince Tandal Aredba
Aublaa Hanım
Aredba Abkhazia Adlersky, Sochi, Russia 1861
Hayranidil Kadın Abkhazia Kars, Ottoman Empire 21 September 1865
Nesrin Kadın Prince Ismail Zevş-Barakay Nesrin Zevş-Barakay Ubykh North Caucasus 1868
Gevheri Kadın Salih Svatnba
Princess Şaziye Tsanba
Emine Svatnba Abkhazia Gudauta, Abkhazia 1872
Mevhibe Kadın Ahmed Tarkanişvili Mevhibe Tarkanişvili Abkhazia Tbilisi, Georgia 21 January 1857 Murad V
Reftarıdil Kadın Hatkoyuko Hatko Hatko Abkhazia Abkhazia 4 February 1859
Şayan Kadın Batır Zan Safiye Zan Natukhai Anapa, Russia 5 February 1869
Meyliservet Kadın Circassian Batumi, Georgia 8 June 1874
Resan Hanım Ömer Bey
Fatma Hanım
Ayşe Abkhazia Artvin, Ottoman Empire 2 November 1877
Nazikeda Kadın Prince Arzakan Tsanba
Princess Esma Klıç
Tsanba Abkhazian Abkhazia 1863 Abdul Hamid II
Nurefsun Kadın Circassian North Caucasus October 1868 -
26 June 1879
Bedrifelek Kadın Prince Mehmed Karzeg
Princess Faruhan İnal-lpa
Karzeg Natukhai Anapa, Russia 15 November 1868
Bidar Kadın Prince Ibrahim Talustan
Princess Şahika İffet Lortkipanidze
Talustan Kabarday Kobuleti, Adjara, Georgia 2 September 1875
Dilpesend Kadın Abkhazia Tbilisi, Georgia 10 April 1884
Mezidimestan Kadın Kaymat Mikanba
Princess Feryal Marşan
Kadriye Mikanba Abkhazia Gagra, Abkhazia 2 February 1885
Emsalinur Kadın Kaya Abkhazia Abkhazia 20 November 1885
Müşfika Kadın Mahmud Ağır
Emine Hanım
Ayşe Ağırba Abkhazia Hopa, Caucasus 12 February 1886
Sazkar Hanım Bata Maan Atiye Maan Abkhazia Ayvacık, Çanakkale, Ottoman Empire 31 August 1890
Peyveste Hanım Prince Osman Emuhvari
Princess Hesna Çaabalurhva
Rabia Emuhvari Abkhazia Pitsunda, Abkhazia 24 January 1893
Fatma Pesend Hanım Prince Sami Açba
Princess Fatıma Ismailevna Mamleeva
Fatma Kadriye Açba Abkhazia Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 20 July 1896
Behice Hanım Albus Maan
Nazli Kucba
Behiye Maan Abkhazia(country) Abkhazia Beynevi, Adapazarı, Ottoman Empire 10 May 1900
Saliha Naciye Hanım Arslan Ankuap
Canhız Hanım
Zeliha Ankuap Abkhazia Yukarı Ihsaniye, Bartın, Ottoman Empire 4 November 1904
Kamures Kadın Ubykh 30 September 1872 Mehmed V
Dürrüaden Kadın Mustafa Voçibe Hatice Voçibe Circassian Caucasus 10 October 1876
Mihrengiz Kadın Fatma Ubykh Sochi, Russia 4 April 1887
Nazperver Kadın Prince Ismail Çikotua
Princess Aliye Dziapş-lpa
Emine Çikotua Abkhazia Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1888
Dilfirib Kadın Circassian Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1907
Nazikeda Kadın Prince Hasan Ali Marşania
Princess Fatma Horecan Aredba
Emine Marşan Abkhazia Tsebelda, Abkhazia 8 June 1885 Mehmed VI
Inşirah Hanım Aziz Voçibe Seniye Voçibe Ubykh Maşukiye, Ottoman Empire 8 July 1905 -
7 November 1909
Müveddet Kadın Kato Davut Çıhcı
Ayşe Hanım
Şadiye Çıhcı Derbent, Russia 24 April 1911
Nevvare Hanım Mustafa Çıhcı
Hafize Kap
Ayşe Çıhcı Derbent, Russia 20 June 1918 -
20 May 1924
Nevzad Hanım Bargu Şaban Efendi
Hatice Hanım
Nimet Bargu Turkish Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1 September 1921

See also

Notes

  1. Peirce, Leslie P (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN 0-19-507673-7.
  2. Павлов, Пламен. Търновските царици. В.Т.:ДАР-РХ, 2006.
    Queens of Tarnovo, Plamen Pavlov, 2006
  3. Babinger 1992, p. 11.
  4. Li Tang; Dietmar W. Winkler (2013). From the Oxus River to the Chinese Shores: Studies on East Syriac Christianity in China and Central Asia. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 308. ISBN 978-3-643-90329-7.
  5. Fine 1994, p. 530.
  6. Babinger 1992, p. 51.
  7. Leslie P., Peirce (1993). "Wives and Concubines: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries". The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016-4314: Oxford University Press. pp. 55. ISBN 978-0-19-508677-5.CS1 maint: location (link)
  8. Bernard Lewis, The Muslim discovery of Europe, W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2001, p. 192.

References

  • Açba-Ançabadze, Leyla, Fürstin: Harem Hatıraları, Timaş Yayınları, Istanbul 2010.
  • Afife Rezzemaza: Saray'dan Sürgüne, Istanbul 2013
  • Aredba, Rumeysa, Fürstin: Sultan Vahdeddin'in San Remo Günleri, Istanbul 2009
  • Bardakçı, Murat: Şahbaba. Pan Yayıncılık, Istanbul 1998.
  • Mislimelek, Prinzessin: Saray'dan Sürgüne Bir Osmanlı Prensesi, Istanbul 2012 (Memoiren der Nichte von Emine Nazikeda und Schwiegertochter von Sultan Abdulhamit II.)
  • Öztuna, Yılmaz: İslam Devletleri. Istanbul 1989 (Devletler ve Hanedanlar, Band 2).
  • Uluçay, Çağatay: Padişahların Kadınları ve Kızları, Ankara 1992
  • Ünüvar, Safiye: Saray Hatıraları, Istanbul 1965
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