List of national liquors
This is a list of national liquors. A national liquor is a distilled alcoholic beverage considered standard and respected in a given country. While the status of many such drinks may be informal, there is usually a consensus in a given country that a specific drink has national status or is the "most popular liquor" in a given nation. This list is distinct from national drink, which include non-alcoholic beverages.
Africa
- Cabo Verde: Grogue
- Ethiopia: Tej[1]
- Ghana: Akpeteshie
- Kenya: Dawa[2] (vodka, honey, sugar, lime), Changaa
- Libya: Boukha (date or fig brandy)
- Morocco: Mahia, made from either figs or dates and Aniseed
- South Africa: Amarula (cream liqueur)
- Tanzania: Konyagi
- Tunisia: Boukha[3] (fig brandy)
- Uganda: Waragi (Ugandan gin)
- Zimbabwe: Chikokiyana, 7 days beer (Sorghum)
Central Asia
- Kyrgyzstan: Vodka[4] (grain, rye, wheat, potatoes)
East Asia
- China: Baijiu (including Kaoliang liquor)[5][6] (sorghum, rice, wheat, barley, millet)
- Taiwan: Kaoliang liquor
- Japan: Sake, Shōchū (including Awamori) (rice, barley, sweet potatoes, buckwheat), Japanese whisky
- North Korea: Pyongyang Soju[7]
- South Korea: Soju[8] (rice, barley, corn, potato, sweet potato)
- Mongolia: Kumis (Airag)
Europe
- Albania: Rakia[9]
- Austria: Inländer Rum & schnapps[10] (fruit)
- Belarus: Krambambula
- Belgium: Jenever (malt and Juniper)
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: Rakija (fruit: apples, plums, pears)
- Bulgaria: Rakia[11] (grapes, apricots, plums)
- Croatia: Rakija[12] (fruit: plums, pears) and Pelinkovac
- Cyprus: Zivania (wine or grape residue left over from winemaking) and Commandaria (sweet dessert wine)
- Czech Republic: Becherovka[13] (herbs) or Slivovice[14] (plums)
- Denmark: Akvavit (grain or potatoes)
- Estonia: Vana Tallinn
- Finland: Koskenkorva Viina[15] (grain (barley) and Finlandia vodka[16] (barley)
- France: Calvados (apple brandy from Normandy); Armagnac and Cognac,[17][18] Pastis
- Germany: Schnapps (fruit) (in the South), Korn (in the North)
- Greece: Raki (Ρακί ή Ρακή), produced from fruit. Ouzo[19] (distilled 96 percent pure ethyl alcohol and Anise). Crete: Tsikoudia (pomace raki). Mainland Greece: Tsipouro (pomace raki)
- Hungary: Unicum (herbs), Pálinka[20] (fruit), Tokaji
- Iceland: Brennivín, aka “Black Death” (potatoes)
- Ireland: Irish whiskey (fermented mash of cereal grains), Poitín (malted barley grain)
- Italy: Grappa (pomace and grape residue left over from winemaking), Limoncello, Amaretto, Amaro, Fernet, Mirto, Alchermes, Aperol, Campari, Cynar, Frangelico, Maraschino, Rosolio, Sambuca, Strega
- Latvia: Riga Black Balsam
- Lithuania: Midus
- North Macedonia: Rakija and Mastika (Typically, red and/or white grapes. Plums used in some areas such as Kichevo. Mastika is anise and herb flavored rakija)[21]
- Montenegro: Rakija (Loza), produced from red grapes
- Netherlands: Jenever (Malt and Juniper)
- Norway: Akevitt (must be distilled from Norwegian potatoes and aged for a minimum of six months in oak casks to be labeled "Norwegian Akevitt",[22] unlike Danish and Swedish akvavit, which is commonly grain-based and unaged)
- Poland: Nalewka, Krupnik, Vodka[23] (grain, rye, wheat, potatoes, or sugar beet Molasses), and, during the era of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, mead
- Portugal: Madeira wine, Port wine, Ginjinha, Jeropiga, Licor Beirão, Bitter almond liqueur and Madeiran rum.
- Romania: Ţuică[3] (plums) or Pălincă (fruit)
- Russia: Vodka[18] (grain, rye, wheat, potatoes, or sugar beet molasses)
- Serbia: Rakija (šljivovica (damson plums), Lozovača (pomace and grape residue left over from winemaking) and Vinjak
- Slovakia: Slivovica,[24] (Borovička) (juniper berries)
- Spain: Sherry (brandy-fortified Spanish wine)[8]
- Sweden: Brännvin, Akvavit, Snaps and Punsch
- Switzerland: Absinthe, Goldschläger, Pflümli, Kirsch
- Turkey: Rakı[3][26] (twice-distilled Suma and Anise)
- Ukraine: Horilka (Ukrainian vodka), Hrenovuha
- United Kingdom:
- England : Gin (south) Whiskey (north)
- Northern Ireland : Irish whiskey
- Scotland : Scotch whisky, particularly Single malt whisky is considered the national drink of Scotland.
- Wales : Welsh whisky
- Isle of Man: Manx Spirit
Latin America
- Argentina: Wine,[27] fernet con coca (cocktail),[28] hesperidina (apéritif)
- Barbados: Rum[29] (sugarcane molasses)
- Belize: Rum[30] (sugarcane molasses)
- Bolivia: Singani[31] (muscat grapes)
- Brazil: Cachaça[32] (sugarcane)
- Chile: Pisco[33] (grapes; in contention with Peru[34])
- Colombia: Aguardiente[35]
- Costa Rica: Guaro (sugarcane)
- Cuba: Rum (sugarcane molasses)
- Dominican Republic: Rum and Mamajuana
- Ecuador: Aguardiente (sugarcane)
- El Salvador: Guaro (sugarcane)
- French West Indies: Rum[36] (sugarcane)
- Guatemala: Rum, and Cusha
- Haiti: Rum, and Clairin (sugarcane)
- Honduras: Guaro
- Jamaica: Rum[8][37] (sugarcane)
- Mexico: Tequila[38] (blue agave), Mezcal, Pulque, and Brandy[39][40]
- Nicaragua: Rum (sugarcane)
- Panama: Seco Herrerano (sugarcane)
- Paraguay: Caña blanca (sugarcane)
- Peru: Pisco[33] (grapes; in contention with Chile[34])
- Puerto Rico: Pitorro, Rum
- Trinidad & Tobago: Rum (sugarcane)
- Uruguay: Grappamiel (grape pommace, honey), Grappa (grape pommace, originally Italian), espinillar (sugar cane)
- Venezuela: Rum[41] (sugarcane), Miche andino[42] (brown sugar) and cocuy[43][44] (agave cocui)
Northern America
Oceania
South Asia
- Bangladesh: vodka and brandy from Carew, toddy (palm wine) (pronounced tari in Bengali)
- India: Rum (Old Monk), Feni (Cashew or coconut), Toddy (palm wine), tharra
- Nepal: Raksi
- Sri Lanka: Pol Arrack, Gal Arrack, King Coconut Kasippu, King Coconut Wedding Vine, Pol Ra - coconut toddy and Thal Ra - palm toddy
Southeast Asia
- Cambodia: Sombai[46] (Sraa Tram / infused rice wine with the krama, Cambodian national cloth, on the bottle neck)
- Indonesia: Arak
- Laos: Lao-Lao (Lao: ເຫລົ້າໄຫ) is a Laotian rice whisky produced in Laos.[47][48] Along with Beerlao, lao-Lao is a staple drink in Laos.
- Malaysia: Tuak
- Philippines: Lambanog
- Thailand: Sato, Mekhong whiskey (95% sugarcane/molasses and 5% rice), Rum (SangSom)(Chalong Bay), Brandy (Regency)
- Vietnam: Rượu đế (glutinous or non-glutinous rice) and Rượu thuốc (herbs and raw animals)
West Asia
See also
References
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- Ian Harrison (8 July 2008). "Best National Drinks Part III". RatesToGo. Archived from the original on 25 September 2009.
- "Drinks in Kyrgyzstan". advantour.com. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
- Blanchard, Ben (9 March 2011). "Rising price of fiery national liquor unpalatable". Reuters. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
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- Angulo, R.C. (2005). Diccionario de cocina venezolana. Alfadil. p. 136. ISBN 9789803541552. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
- doityourself: Bourbon & Branch. Art of the Drink
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- "The cheapest alcohol in the world: Lao-Lao, Laos rice whiskey". www.priceoftravel.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
- Roy Arad (11 June 2013). "Between Arak and a Hard Place // Israeli Arak-lovers in a Panic as Cost of Beloved Spirit Set to Double". Haaretz.
- Bill Beuttler (October 2000). "Learning Lebanese". Cooking Light. Retrieved 31 January 2015 – via billbeuttler.com.
Further reading
- López, Tracy (16 November 2012). "Mezcal vs. Tequila: National Mexican Liquor Faces Stiff Competition". Fox News Latino. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
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