List of reptiles of Canada

Snakes are the best-represented group of reptiles in Canada, with 35 varieties in three families. They can be found in all provinces and territories except Yukon, Nunavut, and Newfoundland and Labrador.

• Charina bottae (Rubber boa) LC – southern British Columbia,[2] but not Vancouver Island
• Coluber constrictor foxii (Blue racer) LC – Pelee Island in Ontario[3]
• Coluber constrictor flaviventris (Eastern yellow-bellied racer) LC – southern Saskatchewan[4]
• Coluber constrictor mormon (Western yellow-bellied racer) LC – south-central British Columbia[2]
• Contia tenuis (Common sharp-tailed snake) LC – southern Vancouver Island in British Columbia[2]
• Crotalus horridus (Timber rattlesnake) LC – southern Ontario, possibly extirpated[3]
• Crotalus oreganus oreganus (Northern Pacific rattlesnake) LC – south-central British Columbia[2]
• Crotalus viridis viridis (Prairie rattlesnake) LC – southern Alberta,[5] southwestern Saskatchewan[4]
• Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (Northern ring-necked snake) LC – southeastern Ontario,[3] southern Quebec, most of New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia[6]
• Hypsiglena torquata (Desert night snake) LC – extreme south-central British Columbia
• Heterodon nasicus nasicus (Western hog-nosed snake) LC – southeastern Alberta.[5] southern Saskatchewan[4] and southwestern Manitoba[7]
• Heterodon platirhinos (Eastern hog-nosed snake) LC – southwestern Ontario[3]
• Lampropeltis triangulum (Eastern milk snake) – southern Ontario[3] southern Quebec[8]
• Nerodia sipedon insularum (Lake Erie watersnake) LC – islands in western Lake Erie[3]
• Nerodia sipedon sipedon (Northern watersnake) LC – southern and central Ontario,[3] southern Quebec[8]
• Opheodrys vernalis (Smooth green snake) LC – southeast Saskatchewan,[4] southern Manitoba,[7] central and southern Ontario,[3] southern Quebec,[8] most of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island[6]
• Pantherophis gloydi (Eastern foxsnake) NT – southwestern Ontario[3]
• Pantherophis obsoleta obsoleta (Black ratsnake) LC – southern Ontario[3]
• Pantherophis spiloides (Gray ratsnake) – southeastern Ontario[6]
• Pituophis catenifer deserticola (Great Basin gophersnake) LC – south-central British Columbia[2]
• Pituophis catenifer sayi (Bullsnake) LC – southern Alberta[5] and southern Saskatchewan[4]
• Regina septemvittata (Queen snake) LC – southwestern Ontario[3]
• Sistrurus catenatus (Eastern massasauga) LC – Bruce Peninsula and some parts of southwestern Ontario[3]
• Storeria dekayi (Dekay's brownsnake) LC – southern Ontario,[3] southern Quebec[8]
• Storeria occipitomaculata occipitomaculata (Northern Red-bellied Snake) LC - southeastern Saskatchewan,[4] southern Manitoba,[7] southwestern and southeastern Ontario,[3] southern Quebec,[8] most of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island[6]
• Thamnophis butleri (Butler's gartersnake) LC – southwestern Ontario[3]
• Thamnophis elegans vagrans (Wandering gartersnake) LC – most of British Columbia,[2] most of Alberta,[5] southwestern Saskatchewan,[4] and possibly the Liard River Valley in southwestern Northwest Territories[9]
• Thamnophis ordinoides (Northwestern gartersnake) LC – southwestern British Columbia, including Vancouver Island[2]
• Thamnophis radix haydeni (Plains gartersnake) LC – eastern Alberta,[5] southern Saskatchewan[4] and southwestern Manitoba[7]
• Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis (Northern ribbonsnake) LC – southern Ontario[3] and southwestern Nova Scotia[10]
• Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi (Valley garter snake) LC – central mainland British Columbia almost up to the Yukon border, and northern Vancouver Island[2]
• Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus (Maritime garter snake) LC – southern half of Quebec, most of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island[6]
• Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis (Red-sided gartersnake) LC – eastern plains of British Columbia,[2] most of Alberta,[5] extreme southern Northwest Territories around the Fort Smith region,[9] most of Saskatchewan,[4] southern half of Manitoba,[7] and northwestern Ontario[3]
• Thamnophis sirtalis pickeringi (Puget Sound gartersnake) LC – southwest corner of British Columbia, including southern Vancouver Island[2]
• Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis (Eastern gartersnake) LC – most of Ontario[3] and Quebec,[8] and the southeast corner of Manitoba[7]

Lizard diversity is low in Canada, with six native species and one introduced species:

• Elgaria coerulea principis (Northwestern alligator lizard) LC – southern British Columbia, including most of Vancouver Island[2]
• Plestiodon skiltonianus (Western skink) LC - southern interior of British Columbia
• Plestiodon fasciatus (Five-lined skink) LC – southern Ontario[3]
• Plestiodon septentrionalis septentrionalis (Northern prairie skink) LC – southwestern Manitoba[3]
• Phrynosoma douglasii (Pygmy horned lizard) LC – extreme south-central British Columbia[2]
• Phrynosoma hernandesi (Short-horned lizard) LC – extreme southeastern Alberta[5] and southern Saskatchewan[4]
• Podarcis muralis (Common wall lizard) - introduced - southeastern Vancouver Island, Denman Island, single records in Vancouver, Summerland and Osoyoos but no populations on BC mainland.

• Actinemys marmorata (Pacific pond turtle) VU (extirpated from Canada)
• Apalone spinifera (Spiny softshell turtle) LC
• Chelydra serpentina (Common snapping turtle) LC
• Chrysemys picta (Painted turtle) LC
• Clemmys guttata (Spotted turtle) EN
• Emydoidea blandingii (Blanding's turtle) EN
• Glyptemys insculpta (Wood turtle) EN
• Graptemys geographica (Northern map turtle) LC
• Sternotherus odoratus (Stinkpot turtle) LC
• Terrapene carolina (Eastern box turtle) VU (probably escapes)[11]

• Caretta caretta (Loggerhead sea turtle) EN
• Chelonia mydas (Green sea turtle) EN
• Dermochelys coriacea (Leatherback sea turtle) VU
• Lepidochelys kempii (Kemp's ridley sea turtle) CR
• Lepidochelys olivacea (Olive ridley sea turtle) VU