List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada

The table below lists the census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada by population, using data from the Canada 2016 Census.[1] Each entry is identified as a census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) as defined by Statistics Canada.

Toronto
Montreal
Vancouver
Calgary
Edmonton
Ottawa
Winnipeg

Note that a city's metropolitan area in colloquial or administrative terms may be different from its CMA as defined by Statistics Canada, resulting in differing populations. Such is the case with the Greater Toronto Area where its metro population is notably higher than its CMA population due to its inclusion of the neighbouring Oshawa CMA to the east and the Burlington portion of the neighbouring Hamilton CMA to the west.[2]

Recent growth

Between 2011 and 2016, the six fastest growing CMAs by percentage growth were located in Western Canada with Alberta's two CMAs, Calgary and Edmonton, leading the country. Saskatoon, Regina, and Lethbridge rounded out the top five in the country and each grew by at least 10%. Of the remaining 30 CMAs, all but two of them recorded population growth. Those that experienced population decline were Brantford and Saint John.[3][4][5] Ten of the fifteen fastest growing CAs in Canada between the two most recent censuses were located in Alberta. The other five were located in British Columbia with two, and Manitoba, Ontario and Yukon each with one.

Between 2006 and 2011, twenty-four CAs experienced population decline. The fifteen CAs that experienced the greatest population decline were located in British Columbia (two), Manitoba (one), New Brunswick (one), Nova Scotia (three), Ontario (four) and Quebec (four). Okotoks experienced the greatest increase while Thompson experienced the greatest decline.[3][4]

List
Further information: List of North American cities by population

Canada had 35 CMAs and 117 CAs as of the 2016 census. The number of CMAs increased from 33 in 2011 by promoting the Belleville and Lethbridge CAs.[6] The number of CAs increased from 113 through the creation of eight new CAs – Arnprior, Carleton Place, Gander, Nelson, Sainte-Marie, Wasaga Beach, Weyburn and Winkler – the demotion of two CAs – Amos and Temiskaming Shores – and the promotion of Belleville and Lethbridge to CMAs.[6]

Rank
(2020 Est.)		Rank
(2016)		Geographic nameProvinceTypePopulation
(2020 Est.)[7]		Population
(2016)		Change
11TorontoOntarioCMA6,555,205 5,928,040 +10.58%
22MontrealQuebecCMA4,364,189 4,098,927 +6.47%
33VancouverBritish ColumbiaCMA2,737,698 2,463,431 +11.13%
44CalgaryAlbertaCMA1,543,283 1,392,609 +10.82%
56EdmontonAlbertaCMA1,468,926 1,321,426 +11.16%
65Ottawa–GatineauOntario/QuebecCMA1,461,494 1,323,783 +10.40%
78WinnipegManitobaCMA850,056 778,489 +9.19%
87Quebec CityQuebecCMA832,328 800,296 +4.00%
99HamiltonOntarioCMA804,691 747,545 +7.64%
1010Kitchener–Cambridge–WaterlooOntarioCMA593,882 523,894 +13.36%
1111LondonOntarioCMA551,066 494,069 +11.54%
1213HalifaxNova ScotiaCMA448,544 403,390 +11.19%
1312St. Catharines – NiagaraOntarioCMA437,114 406,074 +7.64%
1414OshawaOntarioCMA423,036 379,848 +11.37%
1515VictoriaBritish ColumbiaCMA408,883 367,770 +11.18%
1616WindsorOntarioCMA356,880 329,144 +8.43%
1717SaskatoonSaskatchewanCMA336,614 295,095 +14.07%
1818ReginaSaskatchewanCMA263,184 236,481 +11.29%
1919SherbrookeQuebecCMA224,557 212,105 +5.87%
2022KelownaBritish ColumbiaCMA222,748 194,882 +14.30%
2121BarrieOntarioCMA218,188 197,059 +10.72%
2220St. John'sNewfoundland and LabradorCMA214,014 205,955 +3.91%
2323Abbotsford–MissionBritish ColumbiaCMA204,265 180,518 +13.15%
2425KingstonOntarioCMA176,184 161,175 +9.31%
2524Greater SudburyOntarioCMA172,462 164,689 +4.72%
2628GuelphOntarioCMA167,509 151,984 +10.21%
2726SaguenayQuebecCMA163,354 160,980 +1.47%
2827Trois-RivièresQuebecCMA163,287 156,042 +4.64%
2929MonctonNew BrunswickCMA158,695 144,810 +9.59%
3030BrantfordOntarioCMA151,566 134,203 +12.94%
3132PeterboroughOntarioCMA131,939 121,721 +8.39%
3231Saint JohnNew BrunswickCMA131,772 126,202 +4.41%
3334LethbridgeAlbertaCMA128,851 117,394 +9.76%
3433Thunder BayOntarioCMA126,861 121,621 +4.31%
3534NanaimoBritish ColumbiaCA117,144 104,936 +11.63%
3636KamloopsBritish ColumbiaCA116,896 103,811 +12.60%
3740ChilliwackBritish ColumbiaCA116,626 101,512 +14.89%
3837BellevilleOntarioCMA112,980 103,472 +9.19%
3939FrederictonNew BrunswickCA111,024 101,760 +9.10%
4038Chatham-KentOntarioCA106,620 102,042 +4.49%
4141Red DeerAlbertaCA105,767 100,418 +5.33%
4243SarniaOntarioCA100,985 96,151 +5.03%
4344DrummondvilleQuebecCA100,821 96,118 +4.89%
4442Cape BretonNova ScotiaCA100,711 98,722 +2.01%
4545Prince GeorgeBritish ColumbiaCA96,015 86,622 +10.84%
4646GranbyQuebecCA90,459 85,056 +6.35%
4747Sault Ste. MarieOntarioCA81,238 78,159 +3.94%
4849Kawartha LakesOntarioCA81,042 75,423 +7.45%
4952CharlottetownPrince Edward IslandCA80,347 69,325 +15.90%
5048Medicine HatAlbertaCA79,450 76,522 +3.83%
5150Wood BuffaloAlbertaCA76,263 73,320 +4.01%
5251North BayOntarioCA73,749 70,378 +4.79%
5353NorfolkOntarioCA70,489 64,044 +10.06%
5454Grande PrairieAlbertaCA69,025 63,166 +9.28%
5555VernonBritish ColumbiaCA66,966 61,334 +9.18%
5658BrandonManitobaCA63,188 58,003 +8.94%
5756CornwallOntarioCA62,225 59,699 +4.23%
5857Saint-HyacintheQuebecCA61,424 59,614 +3.04%
5961CourtenayBritish ColumbiaCA60,120 54,157 +11.01%
6059RimouskiQuebecCA56,394 55,349 +1.89%
6160ShawiniganQuebecCA54,940 54,181 +1.40%
6264LeamingtonOntarioCA52,649 49,147 +7.13%
6362JolietteQuebecCA52,261 49,439 +5.71%
6463VictoriavilleQuebecCA50,779 49,151 +3.31%
6566DuncanBritish ColumbiaCA48,495 44,451 +9.10%
6665TruroNova ScotiaCA47,031 45,753 +2.79%
6768PentictonBritish ColumbiaCA46,885 43,432 +7.95%
6867Prince AlbertSaskatchewanCA46,609 44,160 +5.55%
6972WoodstockOntarioCA46,464 40,902 +13.60%
7069Rouyn-NorandaQuebecCA43,113 42,334 +1.84%
7170TimminsOntarioCA42,948 41,788 +2.78%
7273Salaberry-de-ValleyfieldQuebecCA42,854 40,745 +5.18%
7375Campbell RiverBritish ColumbiaCA42,166 37,861 +11.37%
7471Sorel-TracyQuebecCA42,112 41,629 +1.16%
7574BrockvilleOntarioCA40,912 38,553 +6.12%
7676MidlandOntarioCA39,971 35,859 +11.47%
7786Carleton PlaceOntarioCA36,916 31,451 +17.38%
7878LloydminsterAlberta/SaskatchewanCA36,473 34,583 +5.47%
7977Moose JawSaskatchewanCA35,732 35,053 +1.94%
8079New GlasgowNova ScotiaCA34,897 34,487 +1.19%
8180Val-d'OrQuebecCA34,513 33,871 +1.90%
8289WinklerManitobaCA34,325 30,297 +13.30%
8384Owen SoundOntarioCA34,044 31,820 +6.99%
8487OrilliaOntarioCA34,002 31,166 +9.10%
8585StratfordOntarioCA33,868 31,465 +7.64%
8682Saint-GeorgesQuebecCA33,678 32,513 +3.58%
8796WhitehorseYukonCA33,480 28,225 +18.62%
8881AlmaQuebecCA33,014 32,849 +0.50%
8983Corner BrookNewfoundland and LabradorCA31,936 31,917 +0.06%
9088BathurstNew BrunswickCA31,691 31,110 +1.87%
9190ParksvilleBritish ColumbiaCA31,144 28,922 +7.68%
9292OkotoksAlbertaCA31,118 28,881 +7.75%
9397Centre WellingtonOntarioCA31,092 28,191 +10.29%
9495Fort St. JohnBritish ColumbiaCA29,885 28,396 +5.24%
9591Rivière-du-LoupQuebecCA29,737 28,902 +2.89%
9694Thetford MinesQuebecCA28,878 28,448 +1.51%
9793Sept-ÎlesQuebecCA28,208 28,534 −1.14%
98100KentvilleNova ScotiaCA28,196 26,222 +7.53%
9999MiramichiNew BrunswickCA27,997 27,523 +1.72%
100101CranbrookBritish ColumbiaCA27,938 26,083 +7.11%
101102Port AlberniBritish ColumbiaCA27,060 25,112 +7.76%
10298Baie-ComeauQuebecCA26,776 27,692 −3.31%
103103BrooksAlbertaCA25,246 24,662 +2.37%
104107CollingwoodOntarioCA24,539 21,793 +12.60%
105106QuesnelBritish ColumbiaCA24,486 23,146 +5.79%
106104EdmundstonNew BrunswickCA23,778 23,524 +1.08%
107108Wasaga BeachOntarioCA23,475 20,675 +13.54%
108105PembrokeOntarioCA23,421 23,269 +0.65%
109109SquamishBritish ColumbiaCA23,335 19,893 +17.30%
110111YellowknifeNorthwest TerritoriesCA22,290 19,569 +13.90%
111112CobourgOntarioCA20,152 19,440 +3.66%
112113YorktonSaskatchewanCA19,489 18,905 +3.09%
113110North BattlefordSaskatchewanCA19,457 19,623 −0.85%
114115Swift CurrentSaskatchewanCA19,386 18,536 +4.59%
115116NelsonBritish ColumbiaCA19,709 18,307 +7.66%
116119Salmon ArmBritish ColumbiaCA19,699 17,904 +10.03%
117117Williams LakeBritish ColumbiaCA19,391 18,277 +6.10%
118120PetawawaOntarioCA19,074 17,187 +10.98%
119114CamroseAlbertaCA18,980 18,742 +1.27%
120123SummersidePrince Edward IslandCA18,042 16,587 +8.77%
121122Port HopeOntarioCA17,731 16,753 +5.84%
122125TillsonburgOntarioCA17,660 15,872 +11.27%
123121Powell RiverBritish ColumbiaCA17,628 16,783 +5.03%
124118MataneQuebecCA17,626 17,926 −1.67%
125124ArnpriorOntarioCA17,588 15,973 +10.11%
126128TerraceBritish ColumbiaCA17,267 15,723 +9.82%
127130Sylvan LakeAlbertaCA15,990 15,302 +4.50%
128127CampbelltonNew BrunswickCA15,901 15,746 +0.98%
129126SteinbachManitobaCA15,809 15,829 −0.13%
130131KenoraOntarioCA15,772 15,096 +4.48%
131134CanmoreAlbertaCA15,458 13,992 +10.48%
132129Dolbeau-MistassiniQuebecCA15,427 15,673 −1.57%
133137CowansvilleQuebecCA15,017 13,656 +9.97%
134132Cold LakeAlbertaCA14,397 14,961 −3.77%
135135StrathmoreAlbertaCA14,279 13,756 +3.80%
136133Grand Falls-WindsorNewfoundland and LabradorCA14,250 14,171 +0.56%
137139High RiverAlbertaCA14,178 13,584 +4.37%
138136ThompsonManitobaCA14,092 13,678 +3.03%
139145IngersollOntarioCA14,029 12,757 +9.97%
140146Prince RupertBritish ColumbiaCA13,606 12,687 +7.24%
141138EstevanSaskatchewanCA13,603 13,615 −0.09%
142148Dawson CreekBritish ColumbiaCA13,509 12,178 +10.93%
143141Portage la PrairieManitobaCA13,495 13,304 +1.44%
144144LachuteQuebecCA13,472 12,862 +4.74%
145142GanderNewfoundland and LabradorCA13,448 13,234 +1.62%
146143LacombeAlbertaCA13,364 13,057 +2.35%
147140Sainte-MarieQuebecCA13,265 13,565 −2.21%
148147WetaskiwinAlbertaCA12,977 12,655 +2.54%
149149HawkesburyOntario/QuebecCA12,431 11,974 +3.82%
150152Elliot LakeOntarioCA11,423 10,741 +6.35%
151150Bay RobertsNewfoundland and LabradorCA11,182 11,083 +0.89%
152151WeyburnSaskatchewanCA11,145 10,870 +2.53%

See also

References
  1. "Population and dwelling counts, for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2016 and 2011 censuses (table). 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  2. "What's the difference between the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and CMA Toronto (census metropolitan area)?". Computing in the Humanities and Social Sciences University of Toronto. May 9, 2001. Archived from the original on April 9, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2013.
  3. "Population and dwelling counts, for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2011 and 2006 censuses (table). 2011 Census". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved February 8, 2012.
  4. "The Canadian Population in 2011: Population Counts and Growth" (PDF) (PDF). Statistics Canada. February 2012. pp. 13–17. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 2, 2013. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  5. Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "The Daily — Population size and growth in Canada: Key results from the 2016 Census". www.statcan.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 10 February 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
  6. "Statistical Area Classification - Variant of SGC 2016 (Census metropolitan area and census agglomeration)". Statistics Canada. November 16, 2016. Archived from the original on November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016. There are 35 CMAs and 117 CAs in 2016. Two new CMAs were created: Belleville (Ont.) and Lethbridge (Alta.). Eight new CAs were created: Gander (N.L.), Sainte-Marie (Que.), Arnprior (Ont.), Carleton Place (Ont.), Wasaga Beach (Ont.), Winkler (Man.), Weyburn (Sask.) and Nelson (Alta.). The CAs of Amos (Que.) and Temiskaming Shores (Ont.) were retired because the population of their cores dropped below 10,000 in 2011.
  7. "Population estimates, July 1, by census metropolitan area and census agglomeration, 2016 boundaries". Statistics Canada. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
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