Subansiri River

Subansiri
	Subansiri
	Map of the combined drainage basins of the Ganges (yellow), Brahmaputra (violet) and Meghna (green) including the Subansiri River
Physical characteristics
Source	Mount Porom
Mouth	Brahmaputra

The Subansiri River is a trans-Himalayan river and a tributary of the Brahmaputra River that flows through Tibet's Lhünzê County, Shannan Prefecture and the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. The Subansiri is 442 kilometres (275 mi) long, with a drainage basin 32,640 square kilometres (12,600 sq mi).[1] It is the largest tributary of the Brahmaputra contributing 7.92% of the Brahmaputra's total flow.[2]

Etymology

The name is derived from a Sanskrit word 'swarn' meaning gold.[3]

Course

Tsari Chu marked in cyan.

The Subansiri River originates in the Himalayas near Mount Porom in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.[3] It is formed by joining three streams Lokong Chu, Chayal Chu and Tsari Chu.[3]

It enters India near the town of Taksing and flows east and southeast through Miri Hills,[3] then south to the Assam Valley at Dulangmukh in Dhemaji district,[4] where it joins the Brahmaputra River at Jamurighat in Lakhimpur district. Small tributaries of the Subansiri include Rangandi, Dikrong and Kamala.[3]

The Subansiri lends its name to two districts in Arunachal Pradesh: Upper Subansiri and Lower Subansiri.

The observed discharge of Subansiri is a maximum of 18,799 cubic metres per second (663,900 cu ft/s), and minimum of 131 m³/s (4,600 cu ft/s). It contributes 7.92% of the Brahmaputra's total flow.[2]

Tsari Chu

Tsari Chu (Gelen Bung to the tribes) rises near the village of Chosam in Tibet and flows east for about 25 miles till the town of Migyitun, where it turns south. It merges with the Subansiri at Gelensiniak.[5][6] The district of Tsari, consisting of the Tsari Chu valley and its vicinity, is considered holy ground by the Tibetans. No animals are killed and no food is grown in these areas, with the exception of Migyitun.[7] South of the Tsari Chu valley is the holy mountain (tsari) called Dakpa Sheri whose circumabulation is a Tibetan Kora (pilgrimage).

History

The 1950 Assam–Tibet earthquake caused landslides blocking the flow of Subansiri at Gerukamukh. After three days the blockade broke causing a massive flash flood. Over the years flooding of the river has caused loss to livelihood and life.[8]

Lower Subansiri Dam

The Lower Subansiri Dam or The Lower Subansiri Hydro-Electric Project is an under construction dam gravity dam on the river.[9] The dam is seen as a problem and many organisations are protesting against it.[10] The River is a fiction book based on the issue and displays the issue as viewed by common Assamese people through its imaginary dolphins, fishes, and human characters.[11]

References

Rao, K.L. (1979). India's Water Wealth. Orient Blackswan. p. 78. ISBN 978-81-250-0704-3. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
Singh, Vijay P.; Sharma, Nayan; Ojha, C. Shekhar P. (2004). The Brahmaputra basin water resources. Springer. p. 82. ISBN 978-1-4020-1737-7. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
Goyal et al., p. 523.
Barman, Swapnali; Bhattacharya, R.K.; Sharma, S.K.; Tirkey, G. (February 2020), Future flow scenario of Subansiri River and its Impact on Power Potential of Subansiri Lower Hydro Electric Project (PDF), IIT Roorkee and NIH Roorkee
Kapadia, Harish (2006). "Secrets of Subansiri: Himalayan Journal vol.62/7". Himalayan Journal. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
Bhat, Col Vinayak (22 June 2018). "Despite Modi-Xi bonhomie, China moves into Arunachal Pradesh, builds new road and barracks". ThePrint. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
Bailey, F. M. (1914), Report on an Exploration on the North-East Frontier, 1913, Simla: Government Monotype Press, p. 10 – via archive.org
Goyal et al., p. 530.
http://www.nhpcindia.com/Projects/english/Scripts/Prj_Introduction.aspx?Vid=23
http://www.easternpanorama.in/index.php/component/content/article/60-2010/august/1103-anti-mega-dam-protests-vs-hydro-dollar-dream
http://www.bubok.com/books/205665/THE-RIVER

Bibliography

Goyal, Manish; Gupta, Shivam; Sarma, Arup; Singh, Dhruv (2017). "Subansiri: Largest Tributary of Brahmaputra River, Northeast India.". In Dhruv Sen Singh (ed.). The Indian Rivers: Scientific and Socio-economic Aspects. Springer. pp. 523–535. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2984-4. ISBN 9789811029844. LCCN 2017940312.

External links

Subansiri Basin Study – Another Chapter of Environment Subversion in Northeast, South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People, 25 September 2013.

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[1] Rao, K.L. (1979). India's Water Wealth. Orient Blackswan. p. 78. ISBN 978-81-250-0704-3. Retrieved 1 May 2011.

[SinghSharma2004-2] Singh, Vijay P.; Sharma, Nayan; Ojha, C. Shekhar P. (2004). The Brahmaputra basin water resources. Springer. p. 82. ISBN 978-1-4020-1737-7. Retrieved 1 May 2011.

[FOOTNOTEGoyalGuptaSarmaSingh523-3] Goyal et al., p. 523.

[4] Barman, Swapnali; Bhattacharya, R.K.; Sharma, S.K.; Tirkey, G. (February 2020), Future flow scenario of Subansiri River and its Impact on Power Potential of Subansiri Lower Hydro Electric Project (PDF), IIT Roorkee and NIH Roorkee

[5] Kapadia, Harish (2006). "Secrets of Subansiri: Himalayan Journal vol.62/7". Himalayan Journal. Retrieved 23 January 2021.

[6] Bhat, Col Vinayak (22 June 2018). "Despite Modi-Xi bonhomie, China moves into Arunachal Pradesh, builds new road and barracks". ThePrint. Retrieved 23 January 2021.

[7] Bailey, F. M. (1914), Report on an Exploration on the North-East Frontier, 1913, Simla: Government Monotype Press, p. 10 – via archive.org

[FOOTNOTEGoyalGuptaSarmaSingh530-8] Goyal et al., p. 530.

[9] ttp://www.nhpcindia.com/Projects/english/Scripts/Prj_Introduction.aspx?Vid=23

[10] ttp://www.easternpanorama.in/index.php/component/content/article/60-2010/august/1103-anti-mega-dam-protests-vs-hydro-dollar-dream

[11] ttp://www.bubok.com/books/205665/THE-RIVER

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Ganges River Basin	Ganga River Hooghly River Damodar River Barakar River Jahanavi River Jalangi River River Churni Ichamati River Rupnarayan River Ajay River Mayurakshi River Dwarakeswar River Mundeswari River Meghna River Padma River Punarbhaba River Atrai River Mahananda River Kosi River Bagmati River Bhurhi Gandak River Phalgu Gandaki River Son River North Koel River Amanat River Rihand River Gopad River Goini River Neur River Banas River Johilla River Ghaghara River West Rapti River Rohni River Sarda River Ladhiya River Sarayu River Gori Ganga River Darma River Gomati River Sarayan River Kathna River Yamuna River Ban Ganga River Ken River Betwa River Dhasan River Halali River Kaliasote River Sindh River Kwari River Hindon River Karban River Pahuj River Chambal River Kuno River Banas River Berach River Bandi River Mashi River Morel River Kotari River Shipra River Ahar River Kali Sindh River Parbati River (Madhya Pradesh) Gambhir River Parbati River (Rajasthan) Ramganga River Khoh River Mandal River Alaknanda River Mandakini River Pindar River Nandakini River Dhauliganga River Rishiganga River Bhagirathi River Bhilangna River Jahnavi River
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Krishna River Basin	Krishna River Koyna Venna River Varna River Panch ganga Vedganga river Tillari Bhima Agrani Yerala Varada River Tungabhadra River Tunga River Bhadra River Vedavathi River Suvarnamukhi River Veda River Avathi River Bhima River Sina River Nira River Mula-Mutha River Mula River Mutha River Chandani River Kamini River Moshi River Ambi River Bori River Man River Bhogwati River Indrayani River Kundali River Kumandala River Ghod River Bhama River Pavna River Malaprabha River Ghataprabha River Varma River Venna River Urmodi River Koyna River
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