Tourism in Romania

Romania's tourism sector had a direct contribution of EUR 5.21 billion to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2018, slightly higher than in 2017, placing Romania on the 32nd place in the world, ahead of Slovakia and Bulgaria, but behind Greece and the Czech Republic. The total tourism sector's total contribution to Romania's economy, which also takes into account the investments and spending determined by this sector, was some EUR 15.3 billion in 2018, up by 8.4% compared to 2017.[1]

Tourism in Romania
The official logo of Romania, used to promote the tourist attractions in the country
Websitehttp://www.romania.travel/

In the first three months of the year 2018, there were 3.12 millions of foreign tourists. Compared to the same 3 months of the previous year, arrivals increased by 10.9% and overnight stays in accommodation establishments increased by 7.1%.[2]

In the first nine months of the year 2019, there were 10 millions of foreign tourists. Compared to the same 9 months of the previous year, arrivals increased by 10.2%.[3]

According to National Tourism Statistics, 15.7 million domestic and foreign tourists stayed in overnight accommodations in 2018. Of these 2.2 million are recorded as foreign tourists.[4]

The most visited cities are Bucharest, Constanța, Brașov, Timișoara, Sibiu, Alba-Iulia, Cluj-Napoca, Sighișoara and Iași. Natural touristic attractions include the Danube, the Carpathian Mountains, and the Black Sea.

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Romania
See also: UNESCO
Administrative divisions of Romania
Biertan (German: Birthälm) Transylvanian Saxon medieval fortified church in Sibiu County, central Romania
Slătioara secular forest near Câmpulung Moldovenesc in Suceava County, northeastern Romania

Activities
Protected virgin beach at Corbu, Constanța County, southeastern Romania

Major touristic attractions

Festivals
Electric Castle Festival in 2017

Foreign visitors by country

Most visitors arriving to Romania in 2016 were from the following countries:[9]

Rank Country Number
1 Moldova1,917,707
2 Hungary1,561,548
3 Bulgaria1,527,103
4 Ukraine1,055,344
5 Germany466,481
6 Serbia426,741
7 Italy425,095
8 Turkey326,561
9 Poland301,680
10 Israel229,530
Total foreign10,222,889

Facilities for disabled travellers

Facilities for disabled travellers in Romania range from patchy to nonexistent. Anyone with mobility problems should go prepared and ideally have local contacts. Although it has made some slow strides towards disabled access since then, and new buildings need to be wheelchair-accessible, implementation has been very poor. In practice Romania remains by and large off-limits to disabled travellers.[10]

Industrial and creative tourism

Industrial tourism, as a niche of tourism in Romania and as a solution to the restructuring and disappearance of former large industrial sites (mining, metallurgy, heavy industry), takes on interest in the country still slowly, despite the country's join to the European Union in 2007. Even if presently the country is confronted with a long and difficult economic transition, it has a rich industrial and scientific history with many of the world's priorities and still has surviving authentic traditional crafts and rural communities. Limited to some geographic areas and not yet on a large scale, by the means of European funds and projects, a sustainable revival of the traditional sector is supported, which also implies creative tourism participatory activities.[11]

Against this big potential, there are relatively few entities, the majority being state owned, that are organizing, providing or permitting public visits, a main cause of this still being the weak implication and support of many public authorities. Meanwhile, the tourism stakeholders pay a relatively weak attention to the hard core of this niche (industrial heritage, technique, science and living industry), and practically there are not many package offers of this kind on the market, with some notable exceptions: ethnographic and wine tourism, also some rehabilitated industrial and forest narrow railways and steam engines still operating.

Primary attractions

According,[12] an industrial and creative tourism attractions web directory for Romania and some neighbouring countries, providing photos and short English descriptions of each objective, the main attractions open to the public are:

  • the national and regional technical and ethnographic museums: the Dimitrie Leonida National Technical Museum and the Aviation Museum in Bucharest, the mining museums in Brad, Petrosani, Rosia Montana, a technical museum in Iasi, the tram museum in Timișoara, the Oil Museum in Ploiesti, the astronomic observatories in Bucharest and Bacau, the village museums from Bucharest, Pitesti, Sibiu, Cluj, Timișoara, Valcea, Suceava;
  • the railway tourism on the recently rehabilitated narrow gauges from Brad, Abrud, Covasna, Moldovita, Agnita, Vaser, the Oravita – Anina mountain railway opened in 1864;
  • the power plant museums from Cernavoda (nuclear), Iron Gates (hydro, on the Danube, 2200 MW, the biggest in European Union), Sadu (hydro, built in 1896), Sinaia (hydro, built in 1899), Grebla – Resita (hydro, built in 1904);
  • factory tours: exception making some food (chocolate, soft drinks, yogurt) factories which provide visits for school children, there are no important companies (car, manufacturing, porcelain, textile, high technology, etc.) to promote such tourist visits. However, some reference enterprises may accept visits at special requests (the Resita Works, metallurgy, heavy machinery, founded in 1771, having a very interesting museum too, The Ruschita Marble Exploitation). A remarkable visit program, started in October 2013, offers the Timisoreana brewery, a factory founded in 1718, with very valuable heritage;
  • industrial heritage: even if valuable, a large majority of the monuments are still abandoned by their owners. However, a few exceptions could be mentioned;
  • motorsports: despite the missing of an international standard infrastructure like raceways, there are national federations organizing events for many categories and racing schools offering participatory courses;
  • the salt mines from: Turda, Praid, Cacica, Slanic Prahova, Ocnele Mari, Ocna Sibiului (salt lakes) are equally famous for their tourism interest (museums, underground entertainment parks) as well as therapeutic exploitation (respiratory diseases)
  • traditional crafts: wood carving, weaving, pottery, glass, embroidery. Many craftsmen preserved the traditions in some village areas from Moldavia, Transylvania and Oltenia. The majority are only selling their products on local markets, but they begin to organize and a few open their workshops to the tourists too;
  • wineries: some vineyards have incredible landscapes and the wines produced here have a well established and long tradition. Wine tourism provides presentations of the technologies and the storage caves, and is well developed in Romania. Famous big wineries: Murfatlar, Cotnari, Dragasani, Recaș, Prahova Valley, Odobesti, Husi, Cricova (near Chisinau, in the Republic of Moldova, is huge, with about 80 kilometres of tunnels and caves)

Infrastructure

There are 16 international commercial airports in service today. Overall, airports in the country were transited in 2016 by 16.4 million passengers. The largest number of passengers was attracted by Bucharest's Henri Coandă International Airport, which closed the year with a traffic of almost 11 million passengers.[13]

Romania also has a large network of railways, CIA World Factbook lists Romania with the 22nd largest railway network in the world.[14] The railway network is significantly interconnected with other European railway networks.

See also

References
  1. "Tourism's contribution to Romania's economy is among the lowest in the world". Romania-insider.com. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  2. "Înnoptările turiştilor în structurile de primire turistică au crescut în luna martie 2017 cu 8,6%" (PDF). Insse.ro. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  3. https://www.bursa.ro/institutul-national-de-statistica-turism-in-crestere-in-primele-noua-luni-ale-lui-2019-86313834
  4. "Romanian tourism — statistical abstract". insse.ro. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  5. "Painted Easter eggs, a folkloric tradition in Romania | Photo gallery". www.webphoto.ro. 24 March 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  6. "Mocănița Huțulca (Moldovița)". Județul SUCEAVA (in Romanian). Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  7. "Letter from the Danube Delta: discover the waterways and villages of Romania's remotest corner". The Calvert Journal. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  8. "8 Unique Waterfalls Around the World". www.theworldgeography.com.
  9. "Institutul National de Statistica : Calatoriile internatioanle inregistrate la frontierele Romaniei în anul 2016" (PDF). Insse.ro. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  10. "Romania for disabled travellers". enchantingromania.com. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
  11. Merciu, C. (May 2010). "Tourist Capitalization of Industrial Heritage in Petrosani" (PDF). Geo Journal.
  12. Hegedus, Marius (November 2014). "Industrial and Creative Tourism Attractions in Romania". VisitFactories.
  13. "Topul aeroporturilor din România: Clujul face pasul spre 2 milioane de pasageri". monitorulcj.ro.
  14. The World Factbook, Country Comparison: Railways

Further reading
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