1826 and 1827 United States Senate elections

The United States Senate elections of 1826 and 1827 were elections that had the majority Jacksonians gain a seat in the United States Senate.

1826 and 1827 United States Senate elections

Dates vary by state

16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
25 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Jacksonian Anti-Jacksonian
Last election 26 seats 21 seats
Seats before 26 22
Seats won 9 6
Seats after 27 20
Seat change 1 2
Seats up 8 8

Majority Party before election


Jacksonian

Elected Majority Party


Jacksonian

Senators who called themselves "Anti-Jacksonian" or "National Republicans" were also called "Adams" or "Adams Men."

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 20th Congress (1827–1829)

  • Majority Party: Jacksonian (27)
  • Minority Party: Anti-Jacksonian (20–21)
  • Other Parties: (0)
  • Total Seats: 48

Change in composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1826.

A1 A2 A3 A4
A14
Ind.
Ran
A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5
A15
Mass.
Ran
A16
Ohio
Ran
A17
R.I.
Ran
A18
Vt.
Ran
A19
Del.
Unknown
A20
Maine
Unknown
A21
N.J.
Died
V1 J26
Pa.
Retired
J25
Conn.
Unknown
Majority →
J15 J16 J17 J18 J19
Md.
Ran
J20
Miss.
Ran
J21
Mo.
Ran
J22
N.Y.
Ran
J23
Tenn.
Ran
J24
Va.
Ran
J14 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4

Result of the regular elections

A1 A2 A3 A4
A14
Ind.
Re-elected
A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5
A15
Ohio
Re-elected
A16
R.I.
Re-elected
A17
Vt.
Re-elected
A18
N.J.
Hold
A19
Conn.
Gain
V2
Mass.
A Loss
V1 J27
Maine
Gain
J26
Del.
Gain
J25
Va.
Hold
Majority →
J15 J16 J17 J18 J19
Md.
Re-elected
J20
Mo.
Re-elected
J21
N.Y.
Re-elected
J22
Tenn.
Re-elected
J23
Miss.
Hold[lower-alpha 1]
J24
Pa.
Hold
J14 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4

Result of the special elections

Before the March 4, 1827 beginning of the new Congress.

A1 A2 A3 A4
A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5
A15 A16 A17
Md.
Gain
A18
N.J.
Hold, same as regular
A19
N.Y.
Gain
A20
Mass. 2
Hold
V1 J27
Del. (sp)
Gain
J26
Miss. (sp)
Elected[lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 1]
J25
Ala. (sp)
Hold
Majority →
J15 J16 J17 J18 J19 J20 J21 J22 J23 J24
S.C.
Hold
J14 J13 J12 J11 J10 J9 J8 J7 J6 J5
J1 J2 J3 J4
Key:
A# = Anti-Jacksonian
J# = Jacksonian
V# = Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 19th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1826 or before March 4, 1827; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
New York
(Class 3)
Vacant Seat vacant after an 1824 legislative deadlock.
New senator elected January 14, 1826.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Maryland
(Class 3)
Edward Lloyd Jacksonian 1819
1825
Incumbent resigned January 14, 1826.
New senator elected January 24, 1826.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Mississippi
(Class 1)
Powhatan Ellis Jacksonian 1825 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected January 28, 1826.
Jacksonian hold.
Massachusetts
(Class 2)
James Lloyd Anti-Jacksonian 1808 (Special)
1808
1813 (Resigned)
1822 (Special)
1822
Incumbent resigned May 23, 1826.
New senator elected May 31, 1826.
Anti-Jacksonian hold.
New Jersey
(Class 1)
Joseph McIlvaine Anti-Jacksonian 1823 (Special) Incumbent died August 19, 1826
New senator elected November 10, 1826.
Anti-Jacksonian hold.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.
Alabama
(Class 3)
Israel Pickens Jacksonian 1826 (Appointed) Interim appointee not elected to finish the term.
New senator elected November 27, 1826.
Jacksonian hold.
South Carolina
(Class 3)
William Harper Jacksonian 1826 (Appointed) Interim appointee not elected to finish the term.
New senator elected November 29, 1826.
Jacksonian hold.
Delaware
(Class 2)
Daniel Rodney Anti-Jacksonian 1826 (Appointed) Interim appointee not elected to finish the term.
New senator elected January 12, 1827.
Jacksonian gain.

Races leading to the 20th Congress

In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1827; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Connecticut Henry W. Edwards Jacksonian 1823 (Appointed)
1824 (Special)
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost.
New senator elected.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.
Delaware Thomas Clayton Anti-Jacksonian 1824 (Special) Unknown if incumbent retired or lost.
New senator elected.
Jacksonian gain.
Indiana James Noble Anti-Jacksonian 1816
1821
Incumbent re-elected.
Maine John Holmes Anti-Jacksonian 1820
1821
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost.
New senator elected.
Jacksonian gain.
Maryland Samuel Smith Jacksonian 1802
1809
1815 (Lost)
1822 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
Massachusetts Elijah H. Mills Anti-Jacksonian 1820 (Special)
1820
Incumbent lost re-election.
Legislature elected late.
Anti-Jacksonian loss.
[data unknown/missing]
Mississippi Thomas Reed Jacksonian 1826 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1826 or 1827.
Jacksonian hold.
Missouri Thomas H. Benton Jacksonian 1821 Incumbent re-elected.
New Jersey Joseph McIlvaine Anti-Jacksonian 1823 (Special) Died August 19, 1826.
New senator elected November 10, 1826.
Anti-Jacksonian hold.
Winner was also elected to finish the preceding term, see above.
New York Martin Van Buren Jacksonian 1821 Incumbent re-elected February 6, 1827.
Ohio Benjamin Ruggles Anti-Jacksonian 1815
1821
Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania William Findlay Jacksonian 1821 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Jacksonian hold.
Rhode Island Asher Robbins Anti-Jacksonian 1825 (Special) Incumbent re-elected.
Tennessee John H. Eaton Jacksonian 1818 (Appointed)
1819 (Special)
1821 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
Vermont Horatio Seymour Anti-Jacksonian 1821 Incumbent re-elected.
Virginia John Randolph Jacksonian 1825 (Appointed) Appointee lost election.
New senator elected.
Jacksonian hold.

Elections during the 20th Congress

In this election, the winner was seated in 1827 after the new Congress began on March 4.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
Vacant Vacant due to late election.
New senator elected June 8, 1827.
Anti-Jacksonian gain.

Alabama (Special)

Connecticut

Delaware

Delaware had two elections: A special for the class 2 seat and a regular election for the class 1 seat. The elections flipped both seats from Anti-Jacksonian to Jacksonian.

Delaware (Special)

Anti-Jacksonian senator Nicholas Van Dyke died May 21, 1826 and Anti-Jacksonian Daniel Rodney was appointed to continue the class 2 term (ending March 3, 1829) until a special election.

Jacksonian Henry M. Ridgely was elected January 12, 1827.

Delaware (Regular)

Anti-Jacksonian Thomas Clayton had served since winning an 1824 special election. It is unknown if Clayton was a candidate for re-election in 1827, but that election was won by Jacksonian Louis McLane.

Indiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Mississippi

Jacksonian interim appointee Powhatan Ellis had served in the class 1 seat since 1825 for the term ending March 3, 1827.

He faced a special election to finish the term and a regular election to the next term.

Mississippi (Special)

Jacksonian Thomas Buck Reed was elected January 27, 1826 to finish the term, but not to the next full term.

Mississippi (Regular)

Jacksonian interim appointee Powhatan Ellis was elected sometime (date unknown) to the next term, and would go on to serve until 1832.

Missouri

New Jersey

New York

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina (Special)

Tennessee

Vermont

Virginia

See also

Notes

  1. In Mississippi, Jacksonian appointee Powhatan Ellis lost the election to finish the term, but was elected to the next term.
  2. Appointee elected

References

  1. "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com.
  2. "STATE LEGISLATURE.: IN THE SENATE". Christian Register. 6 (21). June 9, 1827. p. 90.
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