2016 United States Senate elections

The 2016 United States Senate elections were held on November 8, 2016. The presidential election, House elections, 14 gubernatorial elections, and many state and local elections were held on the same date.

2016 United States Senate elections

November 8, 2016
December 10 (Louisiana runoff)

34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Mitch McConnell Harry Reid
(retired)
Party Republican Democratic
Leader's seat Kentucky Nevada
Seats before 54 44
Seats after 52 46
Seat change 2 2
Popular vote 40,841,717[1] 51,315,969[1][lower-alpha 1]
Percentage 42.2% 53.0%[lower-alpha 1]
Swing 9.3% 9.2%
Seats up 24 10
Races won 22 12

  Third party
 
Party Independent
Seats before 2[lower-alpha 2]
Seats after 2[lower-alpha 2]
Seat change
Popular vote 626,763[1]
Percentage 0.6%
Swing 0.9%
Seats up 0
Races won 0

Results of the elections:
     Democratic hold or re-election      Democratic gain
     Republican hold or re-election
     No election

Majority Leader before election

Mitch McConnell
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

Mitch McConnell
Republican

In the elections, 34 of the 100 seats—all class 3 Senate seats—were contested in regular elections; the winners will serve six-year terms until January 3, 2023. Class 3 was last up for election in 2010, when Republicans won a net gain of six seats.

In 2016, Democrats defended 10 seats, while Republicans defended 24 seats. Republicans, having won a majority of seats in the Senate in 2014, held the Senate majority with 54 seats before this election. Although Democrats made a net gain of two seats and did not lose any of their seats, Republicans retained control of the Senate for the 115th United States Congress. The two Democratic gains came from the defeats of incumbents Kelly Ayotte in New Hampshire and Mark Kirk in Illinois by Democrats Maggie Hassan and Tammy Duckworth, respectively. Despite Republicans retaining control of the Senate, 2016 marked the first time since 1986 that Democrats made a net gain of seats in class 3. This is the only election cycle since the popular-election of senators was mandated by the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 that the winning party in every Senate election mirrored the winning party for their state in the presidential election.[2][3] This feat was nearly repeated in 2020, as every state, with the exception of Maine, voted for the same party in the presidential election and their Senate election.

This election marked the first time since 2000 in which the party in opposition to the elected or reelected presidential candidate made net gains in the Senate, with both cases being a Republican president and Democratic gains in the Senate.

With the retirement of Harry Reid, Chuck Schumer became the Democratic leader after the elections, while Mitch McConnell retained his position as Senate Majority Leader.

As of 2020, this is the most recent election cycle in which Republicans won Senate races in Arizona and Georgia. It is also the most recent election cycle where there were no special elections.

Results summary

All 34 Class 3 Senators were up for election in 2016; Class 3 consisted of 10 Democrats and 24 Republicans. Of the senators not up for election, 34 of the senators not up for election were Democrats, 30 senators were Republicans, and two Senators were independents who caucused with the Senate Democrats.

Parties Total
Democratic Republican Independent Libertarian Green Other
Before these elections 44 54 2 100
Not up 34 30 2 66
Class 1 (20122018) 23 8 2 33
Class 2 (20142020) 11 22 0 33
Up 10 24 0 34
Class 3 (2010→2016) 10 24 0 34
Special: All classes 0 0 0 0
General election
Incumbent retired 3 2 5
Held by same party 3 2 5
Replaced by other party 0 0 0
Result 3 2 5
Incumbent ran 7 22 29
Won re-election 7 20 27
Lost re-election 2 Republicans replaced by 2 Democrats 2
Lost renomination
but held by same party
0 0 0
Result 9 20 29
Total elected 12 22 34
Net gain/loss 2 2 2
Nationwide vote 51,315,969 40,841,717 626,763 1,788,112 695,838 1,598,110 96,866,509
Share 52.98% 42.16% 0.65% 1.85% 0.72% 1.65% 100%
Result 46 52 2 100

Source: Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives[1]

Change in composition

Before the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30
D40
Nev.
Retired
D39
Md.
Retired
D38
Hawaii
Ran
D37
Conn.
Ran
D36
Colo.
Ran
D35
Calif.
Retired
D34 D33 D32 D31
D41
N.Y.
Ran
D42
Ore.
Ran
D43
Vt.
Ran
D44
Wash.
Ran
I1 I2 R54
Wisc.
Ran
R53
Utah
Ran
R52
S.Dak.
Ran
R51
S.C.
Ran
Majority →
R41
Kans.
Ran
R42
Ky.
Ran
R43
La.
Retired
R44
Mo.
Ran
R45
N.H.
Ran
R46
N.C.
Ran
R47
N.Dak.
Ran
R48
Ohio
Ran
R49
Okla.
Ran
R50
Pa.
Ran
R40
Iowa
Ran
R39
Ind.
Retired
R38
Ill.
Ran
R37
Idaho
Ran
R36
Ga.
Ran
R35
Fla.
Ran
R34
Ark.
Ran
R33
Ariz.
Ran
R32
Alaska
Ran
R31
Ala.
Ran
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

After the elections

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30
D40
Nev.
Hold
D39
Md.
Hold
D38
Hawaii
Re-elected
D37
Conn.
Re-elected
D36
Colo.
Re-elected
D35
Calif.
Hold
D34 D33 D32 D31
D41
N.Y.
Re-elected
D42
Ore.
Re-elected
D43
Vt.
Re-elected
D44
Wash.
Re-elected
D45
Ill.
Gain
D46
N.H.
Gain
I1 I2 R52
Wisc.
Re-elected
R51
Utah
Re-elected
Majority →
R41
Ky.
Re-elected
R42
La.
Hold
R43
Mo.
Re-elected
R44
N.C.
Re-elected
R45
N.Dak.
Re-elected
R46
Ohio
Re-elected
R47
Okla.
Re-elected
R48
Pa.
Re-elected
R49
S.C.
Re-elected
R50
S.Dak.
Re-elected
R40
Kans.
Re-elected
R39
Iowa
Re-elected
R38
Ind.
Hold
R37
Idaho
Re-elected
R36
Ga.
Re-elected
R35
Fla.
Re-elected
R34
Ark.
Re-elected
R33
Ariz.
Re-elected
R32
Alaska
Re-elected
R31
Ala.
Re-elected
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
Key:
D# Democratic
R# Republican
I# Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Final pre-election predictions

Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive seats. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent is running for reelection) and the other candidates, and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that seat.

Most election predictors used:

  • "tossup": no advantage
  • "tilt" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
  • "lean": slight advantage
  • "likely" or "favored": significant, but surmountable, advantage
  • "safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory

Where a site gives a percentage probability as its primary indicator of expected outcome, the chart below classifies a race as follows:

  • Tossup: 50-55%
  • Tilt: 56-60%
  • Lean: 61-75%
  • Likely: 76-93%
  • Safe: 94-100%

The New York Times's Upshot gave the Democrats a 60% chance of winning the Senate on August 24, 2016;[4] on September 23, their model gave Republicans a 58% chance to maintain control.[5]

All seats classified with at least one rating of anything other than "safe" or "solid" are listed below.

Constituency Incumbent 2016 election ratings
State PVI Senator Last
election
Cook
Nov. 2
2016
[6]
Sabato
Nov. 7
2016
[7]
Roth.
Nov. 3
2016
[8]
Daily Kos
Nov. 7
2016
[9]
RCP
Nov. 2
2016
[10]
538
Nov. 7
2016
[11]
NYT
Nov. 7
2016
[12]
TPM
Nov. 5
2016
[13]
Result
Alaska R+12 Lisa Murkowski 39.5% R[14] Likely R Safe R Safe R Safe R Safe R 98% R 99+% R Safe R Murkowski
44.4% R
Arizona R+7 John McCain 59.2% R Lean R Likely R Likely R Likely R Lean R 97% R 99% R Safe R McCain
53.7% R
Colorado D+1 Michael Bennet 47.7% D Likely D Safe D Safe D Safe D Lean D 95% D 96% D Likely D Bennet
50.0% D
Florida R+2 Marco Rubio 48.9% R Lean R Lean R Lean R Likely R Tossup 87% R 85% R Lean R Rubio
52.0% R
Georgia R+6 Johnny Isakson 58.1% R Likely R Safe R Safe R Safe R Likely R 97% R 99% R Safe R Isakson
54.8% R
Illinois D+8 Mark Kirk 48.2% R Lean D (flip) Likely D (flip) Lean D (flip) Safe D (flip) Likely D (flip) 97% D (flip) 98% D (flip) Safe D (flip) Duckworth
54.9% D (flip)
Indiana R+5 Dan Coats
(retiring)
56.4% R Tossup Lean R Tossup Tossup Tossup 61% R 53% D Lean R Young
52.1% R
Iowa D+1 Chuck Grassley 64.5% R Likely R Safe R Safe R Safe R Safe R 99+% R 99+% R Safe R Grassley
60.1% R
Kentucky R+13 Rand Paul 55.7% R Safe R Safe R Safe R Safe R Likely R 93% R 97% R Safe R Paul
57.3% R
Louisiana R+12 David Vitter
(retiring)
56.6% R Safe R Likely R Safe R Safe R Likely R 86% R 96% R Likely R Kennedy
60.6% R
Missouri R+5 Roy Blunt 54.3% R Tossup Lean R Tossup Tossup Tossup 55% R 65% R Tossup Blunt
49.2% R
Nevada D+2 Harry Reid
(retiring)
50.2% D Tossup Lean D Tossup Lean D Tossup 57% D 60% D Tossup Cortez Masto
47.1% D
New Hampshire D+1 Kelly Ayotte 60.2% R Tossup Lean D (flip) Tossup Tossup Tossup 53% D 55% D Tossup Hassan
48.0% D (flip)
North Carolina R+3 Richard Burr 55.0% R Tossup Lean R Tossup Tossup Tossup 69% R 67% R Tossup Burr
51.1% R
Ohio R+1 Rob Portman 57.3% R Lean R Safe R Likely R Safe R Likely R 98% R 97% R Safe R Portman
58.0% R
Pennsylvania D+1 Pat Toomey 51.0% R Tossup Lean D (flip) Tossup Tossup Tossup 68% D (flip) 66% D (flip) Lean D (flip) Toomey
48.8% R
Wisconsin D+2 Ron Johnson 51.9% R Tossup Lean D (flip) Tilt D (flip) Lean D (flip) Tossup 87% D (flip) 72% D (flip) Lean D (flip) Johnson
50.2% R
Overall[lower-alpha 3] D - 46
R - 47
7 tossups
D - 50
R - 50
0 tossups
D - 47
R - 47
6 tossups
D - 48
R - 47
5 tossups
D - 46
R - 46
8 tossups
D - 49
R - 49
2 tossups
D - 49
R - 49
2 tossups
D - 48
R - 48
4 tossups
Results:
D - 48
R - 52

All predictions considered the following states safe for the incumbent party.

Safe Republican Safe Democratic
Alabama California (Open)
Arkansas Connecticut
Idaho Hawaii
Kansas Maryland (Open)
North Dakota New York
Oklahoma Oregon
South Carolina Vermont
South Dakota Washington
Utah

Close races

Nine races had a margin of victory under 10%:

State Party of winner Margin
New Hampshire Democratic (flip) 0.14%
Pennsylvania Republican 1.43%
Nevada Democratic 2.43%
Missouri Republican 2.79%
Wisconsin Republican 3.36%[lower-alpha 4]
Colorado Democratic 5.66%
North Carolina Republican 5.70%
Florida Republican 7.67%
Indiana Republican 9.70%

Primary dates

This table shows the primary dates for regularly-scheduled elections. It also shows the type of primary.

  • "Open" primary: any registered voter can vote in any party's primary
  • "Closed" primary, only voters registered with a specific party can vote in that party's primary.
  • "Top-two" primary, all candidates run against each other regardless of party affiliation, and the top two candidates advance to the second round of voting. (In Louisiana, a candidate can win the election by winning a majority of the vote in the first round.)
  • All of the various other primary types are classified as "hybrid." Alaska in 2008 provides one example of a hybrid primary: The Democratic Party allowed unaffiliated voters to vote in its primary, while the Republican Party only allowed party members to vote in its primary.[15]
State Date[16] Type[15]
Alabama Mar. 1R Open
Arkansas Mar. 1R Open
Illinois Mar 15 Hybrid
North Carolina Mar 15 Hybrid
Ohio Mar 15 Hybrid
Maryland April 26 Hybrid
Pennsylvania April 26 Closed
Indiana May 3 Open
Idaho May 17 Hybrid
Kentucky May 17 Closed
Oregon May 17 Hybrid
Georgia May 24R Open
California June 7 Top-two
Iowa June 7 Hybrid
South Dakota June 7R Hybrid
Nevada June 14 Closed
North Dakota June 14 Open
South Carolina June 14R Hybrid
Colorado June 28 Hybrid
New York June 28 Closed
Oklahoma June 28R Hybrid
Utah June 28 Hybrid
Kansas Aug 2 Closed
Missouri Aug 2 Open
Washington Aug 2 Top-two
Connecticut Aug 9 Hybrid
Vermont Aug 9 Open
Wisconsin Aug 9 Open
Hawaii Aug 13 Open
Alaska Aug 16 Hybrid
Arizona Aug 30 Hybrid
Florida Aug 30 Closed
New Hampshire Sep 13 Hybrid
Louisiana Nov 8 Top-two

RIndicates a state that requires primary run-off elections under certain conditions.

Race summary

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 2017; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State
(linked to sections below)
Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Alabama Richard Shelby Republican 1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Alaska Lisa Murkowski Republican 2002 (Appointed)
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Arizona John McCain Republican 1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Arkansas John Boozman Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
California Barbara Boxer Democratic 1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Colorado Michael Bennet Democratic 2009 (Appointed)
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Connecticut Richard Blumenthal Democratic 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Florida Marco Rubio Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Georgia Johnny Isakson Republican 2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Hawaii Brian Schatz Democratic 2012 (Appointed)
2014 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
Idaho Mike Crapo Republican 1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
  • Y Mike Crapo (Republican)[49] 66.1%
  • Jerry Sturgill (Democratic)[50] 27.8%
  • Ray Writz (Constitution) 6.0%
Illinois Mark Kirk Republican 2010 (Special)
2010
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Indiana Dan Coats Republican 1989 (Appointed)
1990 (Special)
1992
1998 (Retired)
2010
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Iowa Chuck Grassley Republican 1980
1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Kansas Jerry Moran Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Kentucky Rand Paul Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Louisiana David Vitter Republican 2004
2010
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Maryland Barbara Mikulski Democratic 1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Missouri Roy Blunt Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Nevada Harry Reid Democratic 1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.

Tom Jones (Independent American) 1.55%
Tony Gumina (unaffiliated) 0.97%
Jarrod Michael Williams (unaffiliated) 0.62%

New Hampshire Kelly Ayotte Republican 2010 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
New York Chuck Schumer Democratic 1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
North Carolina Richard Burr Republican 2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
North Dakota John Hoeven Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Ohio Rob Portman Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Oklahoma James Lankford Republican 2014 (Special) Incumbent re-elected.
Oregon Ron Wyden Democratic 1996 (Special)
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Pennsylvania Pat Toomey Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
South Carolina Tim Scott Republican 2013 (Appointed)
2014 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected.
South Dakota John Thune Republican 2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Utah Mike Lee Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.
Vermont Patrick Leahy Democratic 1974
1980
1986
1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Washington Patty Murray Democratic 1992
1998
2004
2010
Incumbent re-elected.
Wisconsin Ron Johnson Republican 2010 Incumbent re-elected.

Alabama

Alabama election

 
Nominee Richard Shelby Ron Crumpton
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,335,104 748,709
Percentage 64.0% 35.9%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Richard Shelby
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Shelby
Republican

Incumbent Republican Richard Shelby won re-election to a sixth term in office. The primaries were held on March 1. Ron Crumpton, a marijuana legalization activist, was the Democratic nominee.[17] Shelby won re-election with 63.9% of the vote.

Shelby was first elected to the Senate in 1986 as a Democrat and was easily re-elected in 1992 as such. He switched his party affiliation to Republican on November 9, 1994, one day after the Republicans won control of both houses in the midterm elections. He won his first full term as a Republican in 1998 by a large margin and faced no significant opposition in 2004 or 2010.

Following the divisive Republican primary in Mississippi ahead of the 2014 election in which Senator Thad Cochran was almost defeated, it had been speculated that Shelby could also face a Tea Party primary challenger, due to his lengthy tenure and support for federal largesse. However, that didn't happen, in part due to his large campaign war chest, which stood at $19.4 million as of September 2015.[17] If Shelby had decided to retire, numerous high-profile Alabama Republicans were speculated to run, including U.S. Representatives Robert Aderholt, Mo Brooks, Bradley Byrne, Gary Palmer, Martha Roby, and Mike Rogers, State Treasurer Young Boozer, State Speaker Mike Hubbard, Lieutenant Governor Kay Ivey, State Senate President Pro Tempore Del Marsh, Secretary of State John Merrill, U.S. Appeals Court Judge William H. Pryor Jr., former Governor Bob Riley, and Attorney General Luther Strange.[111][112][113] Shelby announced in January 2015 that he would run for re-election.[114]

Republican primary election[115]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Shelby 505,586 64.91
Republican Jonathan McConnell 214,770 27.58
Republican John Martin 23,558 3.02
Republican Marcus Bowman 19,707 2.53
Republican Shadrack McGill 15,230 1.96
Total votes 778,851 100.00
Democratic primary election[115]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ron Crumpton 145,681 55.97
Democratic Charles Nana 114,617 44.03
Total votes 260,298 100.00
Alabama general election[116]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Shelby (Incumbent) 1,335,104 63.96
Democratic Ron Crumpton 748,709 35.87
Write-in Others 3,631 0.17
Total votes 2,087,444 100.00
Republican hold

Alaska

Alaska election

 
Nominee Lisa Murkowski Joe Miller
Party Republican Libertarian
Popular vote 138,149 90,825
Percentage 44.4% 29.2%

 
Nominee Margaret Stock Ray Metcalfe
Party Independent Democratic
Popular vote 41,194 36,200
Percentage 13.2% 11.6%

Results by state house district:
Murkowski:      30-40%      40-50%      50-60%
Miller:      40-50%

U.S. senator before election

Lisa Murkowski
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Lisa Murkowski
Republican

Two-term Senator Lisa Murkowski (Republican) was appointed in 2002 and elected to a full term in 2004. She was defeated in the Republican primary in 2010 by Joe Miller. She later ran as a write-in candidate in the 2010 general election and was re-elected to a second full term with 40% of the vote, making her one of two senators in US history to win election via write-in votes. She was 59 years old in 2016. She ran for re-election.[19]

Thomas Lamb, a candidate for the State House in 2006, and Bob Lochner filed to run against Murkowski.[117] Other potential Republican primary challengers included 2010 nominee and 2014 candidate Joe Miller, State Senator Mike J. Dunleavy, former Lieutenant Governor Mead Treadwell, and former Mayor of Anchorage Dan Sullivan.[118]

The only person to file for the Democratic primary as of May 20 was writer and satirist Richard Grayson, who previously sought election to Wyoming's House seat in 2014.[119][120][121][117] Potential Democratic candidates included State Senator Dennis Egan, State Representative Andy Josephson, State Senator Bill Wielechowski, State Senator Hollis French and State Senate Minority Leader Johnny Ellis.[122] Former Senator Mark Begich was mentioned as a possible candidate,[123] but he declined to run.[124]

Murkowski won her primary on August 16, 2016 with 72 percent of the vote. Joe Miller received the Libertarian nomination and ran against Murkowski in the general election. Anchorage attorney and veteran Margaret Stock ran as an Independent candidate.[125]

Murkowski won re-election with 44% of the vote compared to Miller with 30% and Metcalfe with 11%. 15% went to other candidates. Murkowski has been re-elected three times now with 48% in 2004, 39.5% in 2010 and 44% in 2016, never having won a majority.

Republican primary election[126]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Lisa Murkowski (Incumbent) 39,545 71.52
Republican Bob Lochner 8,480 15.34
Republican Paul Kendall 4,272 7.73
Republican Thomas Lamb 2,996 5.42
Total votes 55,293 100.00
Other primary elections[126]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ray Metcalfe 15,228 50.06
Democratic Edgar Blatchford 10,090 33.17
Libertarian Cean Stevens 5,102 16.77
Total votes 30,420 100.00
General election[127]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Lisa Murkowski (Incumbent) 138,149 44.36
Libertarian Joe Miller 90,825 29.16
Independent Margaret Stock 41,194 13.23
Democratic Ray Metcalfe 36,200 11.62
Independent Breck A. Craig 2,609 0.84
Independent Ted Gianoutsos 1,758 0.56
Write-in Other write-in votes 706 0.23
Total votes 311,441 100.00
Republican hold

Arizona

Arizona election

 
Nominee John McCain Ann Kirkpatrick
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,359,267 1,031,245
Percentage 53.7% 40.8%

 
Nominee Gary Swing
Party Green
Popular vote 138,634
Percentage 5.5%

County results

U.S. senator before election

John McCain
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John McCain
Republican

Five-term Senator and Republican presidential candidate in 2008 John McCain was re-elected with 59% of the vote in 2010. He was 80 years old in 2016. Despite speculation that he might retire,[128] McCain ran for re-election.[24]

McCain faced primary challenges from Fair Tax activist Alex Meluskey,[129] businessman David Pizer,[130] talk radio host Clair Van Steenwyk,[131] and State Senator Kelli Ward.[132] David Pizer later dropped out of the race. Representatives Matt Salmon and David Schweikert were both mentioned as possible candidates,[133] but both chose not to run.[134][135] Other potential Republican candidates included former Governor Jan Brewer,[136] businesswoman and 2014 gubernatorial candidate Christine Jones,[137] former Governor of Alaska and 2008 vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin,[138] former U.S. Representative John Shadegg,[139] and former Arizona Attorney General Grant Woods.[139]

Congresswoman Ann Kirkpatrick[25] and teacher Lennie Clark[140] ran for the Democratic nomination. Lennie Clark dropped out and Ann Kirkpatrick became the Democratic nominee. Other potential Democratic candidates included U.S. Representative Ruben Gallego, former Surgeon General and 2012 nominee Richard Carmona, 2014 gubernatorial nominee Fred DuVal, Phoenix Mayor Greg Stanton, and retired astronaut Mark Kelly, who is the husband of ex-Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords.[112][141]

Arizona Republican primary election[142]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John McCain (Incumbent) 302,532 51.7
Republican Kelli Ward 235,988 39.2
Republican Alex Meluskey 31,159 5.5
Republican Clair Van Steenwyk 21,476 3.6
Republican Sean Webster (Write-In) 175 0.0
Total votes 591,330 100.00
Arizona Democratic primary election[142]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ann Kirkpatrick 333,586 99.85
Democratic Alex Bello (Write-In) 508 0.15
Total votes 334,094 100.00
Arizona Green primary election[142]
Party Candidate Votes %
Green Gary Swing (Write-In) 238 100.00
Total votes 238 100.00
Arizona Libertarian primary election[142]
Party Candidate Votes %
Libertarian Merissa Hamilton (Write-In) 1,286 100.00
Total votes 1,286 100.00

Sen. McCain won re-election with 53% to Kirkpatrick's 41%.

Arizona general election[143]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican John McCain (Incumbent) 1,359,267 53.74 -5.33%
Democratic Ann Kirkpatrick 1,031,245 40.77 +5.99%
Green Gary Swing 138,634 5.48 +4.03%
Plurality 328,022 12.97
Total votes 2,529,146 100.00
Turnout 3,588,466 74.17 ‹See Tfd›?
Republican hold Swing

Arkansas

Arkansas election

 
Nominee John Boozman Conner Eldridge
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 661,984 400,602
Percentage 59.8% 36.2%

County results

U.S. senator before election

John Boozman
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Boozman
Republican

One-term Senator John Boozman (Republican) defeated two-term Senator Blanche Lincoln with 58% of the vote in 2010. He was 65 years old in 2016. Despite speculation that he might retire following health problems,[144][145] Boozman ran for re-election.[29] Fellow Republican Curtis Coleman, who ran against Boozman in 2010 but came in fifth place, ran again.[146]

Conner Eldridge, the former U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Arkansas, is the only Democrat who met the filing deadline.[147]

Frank Gilbert was the candidate for the Libertarian Party,[148][149][150] and Jason Tate was running a write-in campaign.[151]

Incumbent Republican Senator John Boozman won re-election to a second term in office, becoming the first Republican senator re-elected in the history of the state.

Arkansas Republican primary election[152]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Boozman 298,039 76.45
Republican Curtis Coleman 91,795 23.55
Total votes 389,834 100.00
Democratic primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Conner Eldridge 214,228 100.00
Total votes 214,228 100.00

Sen. Boozman won re-election with 60% to Eldridge's 36%.

Arkansas general election[153]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Boozman (Incumbent) 661,984 59.77
Democratic Conner Eldridge 400,602 36.17
Libertarian Frank Gilbert 43,866 3.96
Write-ins Others 1,070 0.10
Total votes 1,107,522 100.00
Republican hold

California

California election

 
Candidate Kamala Harris Loretta Sanchez
Party Democratic Democratic
Popular vote 7,542,753 4,701,417
Percentage 61.6% 38.4%

County Results

U.S. senator before election

Barbara Boxer
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Kamala Harris
Democratic

Four-term Senator Barbara Boxer (Democrat) was re-elected with 52% of the vote in 2010. Boxer declined to run for re-election.[154] California Attorney General Kamala Harris and U.S. Representative Loretta Sanchez, both Democrats, finished first and second, respectively,[155] in California's nonpartisan blanket primary, and contested the general election. As such, Boxer's successor was guaranteed to be a Democrat.[156] This marked a historic first such occasion in California, ever since the Senate elections began in 1914.

Other Democrats on the primary ballot included "President" Cristina Grappo, Massie Munroe, Herbert Peters, Emory Rogers, and Steve Stokes.[157] Among the potential candidates who declined to run were Governor Jerry Brown, Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom, U.S. Representatives Xavier Becerra and Adam Schiff, and Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti.

Former state Republican Party chairs Tom Del Beccaro[158] and Duf Sundheim,[159] and former State Senator Phil Wyman[160][161] ran, along with Don Krampe,[162] Tom Palzer,[163] Karen Roseberry,[164] Greg Conlon, Von Huogo, Jerry Laws, Ron Unz, Jarrell Williamson, and George Yang.[157] State Assemblymen Rocky Chavez was running as well,[165] but withdrew from the race.[166] Republicans who were once considered potential candidates but ruled out runs included San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer, former Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability and 2014 gubernatorial nominee Neel Kashkari, U.S. Representative Darrell Issa, and businesswoman and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2010 Carly Fiorina.[167]

Independent Mike Beitiks ran on a single-issue climate change platform.[168]

Polling conducted by the SurveyUSA from March 30, 2016 to April 3, 2016 indicated that Harris was ahead with 26%, compared to Rep. Sánchez with 22%, Del Beccaro with 8%, Wyman with 8%, and Sundheim with 3%; 7% of those polled were supporting other candidates, and 24% were undecided.[169]

Harris won the election with 62% of the vote to Sanchez's 38%.

California Democratic primary election[170]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Kamala Harris 3,000,689 39.9
Democratic Loretta Sanchez 1,416,203 18.9
Republican Duf Sundheim 584,251 7.8
Republican Phil Wyman 352,821 4.7
Republican Tom Del Beccaro 323,614 4.3
Republican Greg Conlon 230,944 3.1
Democratic Steve Stokes 168,805 2.2
Republican George C. Yang 112,055 1.5
Republican Karen Roseberry 110,557 1.5
Libertarian Gail K. Lightfoot 99,761 1.3
Democratic Massie Munroe 98,150 1.3
Green Pamela Elizondo 95,677 1.3
Republican Tom Palzer 93,263 1.2
Republican Ron Unz 92,325 1.2
Republican Don Krampe 69,635 0.9
No party preference Eleanor García 65,084 0.9
Republican Jarrell Williamson 64,120 0.9
Republican Von Hougo 63,609 0.8
Democratic President Cristina Grappo 63,330 0.8
Republican Jerry J. Laws 53,023 0.7
Libertarian Mark Matthew Herd 41,344 0.6
Peace and Freedom John Thompson Parker 35,998 0.5
No party preference Ling Ling Shi 35,196 0.5
Democratic Herbert G. Peters 32,638 0.4
Democratic Emory Peretz Rodgers 31,485 0.4
No party preference Mike Beitiks 31,450 0.4
No party preference Clive Grey 29,418 0.4
No party preference Jason Hanania 27,715 0.4
No party preference Paul Merritt 24,031 0.3
No party preference Jason Kraus 19,318 0.3
No party preference Don J. Grundmann 15,317 0.2
No party preference Scott A. Vineberg 11,843 0.2
No party preference Tim Gildersleeve 9,798 0.1
No party preference Gar Myers 8,726 0.1
Write-in Billy Falling 87 0.0
Write-in Ric M. Llewellyn 32 0.0
Write-in Alexis Stuart 10 0.0
Total votes 7,512,322 100.0
California general election[171]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Kamala Harris 7,542,753 61.6
Democratic Loretta Sanchez 4,701,417 38.4
Total votes 12,244,170 100.0
Democratic hold

Colorado

Colorado election

 
Nominee Michael Bennet Darryl Glenn
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 1,370,710 1,215,318
Percentage 50.0% 44.3%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Michael Bennet
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Michael Bennet
Democratic

One-term Senator Michael Bennet (Democrat) was appointed in 2009 and elected to a full term with 48% of the vote in 2010. He was 51 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[34]

Businessman Robert Blaha,[172] former Aurora councilman Ryan Frazier,[173] El Paso County Commissioners Darryl Glenn,[35] and Peggy Littleton,[174] former Colorado State University Athletic Director Jack Graham,[175] State Representative Jon Keyser,[176] former SBA director Greg Lopez,[177] State Senator Tim Neville,[178] and Jefferson County Commissioner Donald Rosier[179][180] ran for the Republican nomination. Glenn, Graham, Blaha, Keyser, and Frazier actually competed in the primary.[181]

Darryl Glenn won the Republican nomination with 37% of the vote against four other opponents.[181]

Bennet won re-election with 50% of the vote to Glenn's 44%.

Colorado Democratic primary election[182]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Michael Bennet (Incumbent) 262,344 100.00
Total votes 262,344 100.00
Colorado Republican primary election[182]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Darryl Glenn 131,125 37.74
Republican Jack Graham 85,400 24.58
Republican Robert Blaha 57,196 16.46
Republican Jon Keyser 43,509 12.52
Republican Ryan Frazier 30,241 8.70
Total votes 347,471 100.00
Colorado general election[183]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Michael Bennet (Incumbent) 1,370,710 49.97
Republican Darryl Glenn 1,215,318 44.31
Libertarian Lily Tang Williams 99,277 3.62
Green Arn Menconi 36,805 1.34
Unity Bill Hammons 9,336 0.34
Independent Dan Chapin 8,361 0.30
Independent Paul Fiorino 3,216 0.12
Total votes 2,743,023 100.00
Democratic hold

Connecticut

Connecticut election

 
Nominee Richard Blumenthal Dan Carter
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 1,008,714 552,621
Percentage 63.2% 34.6%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Richard Blumenthal
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Blumenthal
Democratic

One-term Senator Richard Blumenthal (Democrat) was elected with 55% of the vote in 2010. He was 70 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[38]

State Representative Dan Carter,[39] apparel company CEO and 2004 Senate nominee Jack Orchulli,[184] and former Olympic athlete August Wolf[185] ran for the Republican nomination. Another potential candidate was former West Hartford Town Councilor Joe Visconti, who ran for CT-01 in 2008 and ran as an Independent for Governor in 2014.[186] Former U.S. Comptroller General and 2014 candidate for Lieutenant Governor David M. Walker,[187][188] former U.S. Representative and 2010 candidate Rob Simmons,[189] and economist and former CNBC television host Lawrence Kudlow declined to run.[190][191]

Blumenthal won re-election with 63% of the vote to Carter's 35%.

Connecticut general election[192]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Richard Blumenthal 920,766 57.68
Working Families Richard Blumenthal 87,948 5.51
Total Richard Blumenthal (Incumbent) 1,008,714 63.19% +7.95%
Republican Dan Carter 552,621 34.62 -8.53%
Libertarian Richard Lion 18,190 1.14
Green Jeffery Russell 16,713 1.05
Write-In Andrew Rule 26 0.00
Write-In John M. Traceski 12 0.00
Majority 449,973 28.42
Total votes 1,596,276 100.00
Democratic hold

Florida

Florida election

 
Nominee Marco Rubio Patrick Murphy
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 4,835,191 4,122,088
Percentage 52.0% 44.3%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Marco Rubio
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Marco Rubio
Republican

One-term Senator Marco Rubio (Republican) was elected in a three-way race with 49% of the vote in 2010. In April 2014, Rubio stated that he would not run for both the Senate and President in 2016, as Florida law prohibits a candidate from appearing twice on a ballot.[193] In April 2015, he announced that he would run for President and would not seek re-election.[194] After suspending his campaign on March 15, 2016, Rubio announced on June 22, 2016 that he changed his mind and will run for re-election.[42]

U.S. Representative Ron DeSantis, combat veteran Todd Wilcox,[195] real estate developer Carlos Beruff,[196] retired college lecturer Ilya Katz,[197] and Donald J. DeRenzo ran for the Republican nomination.[198][199] Ben Carson, retired neurosurgeon and candidate for President in 2016 is also mentioned as a potential candidate.[200] On June 17, 2016, U.S. Representative David Jolly withdrew from the race to run for re-election to his House seat, four days after Rubio began openly considering reversing his decision to not run for re-election.[201]

U.S. Representative Patrick Murphy[43] defeated fellow representative Alan Grayson, as well as Pam Keith, Lateresa Jones, Richard Coleman, Sam Brian Gibbons, and Josh Larose, for the Democratic nomination. Murphy lost to incumbent Marco Rubio in the November general election on November 8.[202]

Sen. Rubio won re-election with 52% of the vote compared to Murphy's 44%.

Florida Republican primary election[203]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Marco Rubio (Incumbent) 1,029,830 71.99
Republican Carlos Beruff 264,427 18.49
Republican Dwight Young 91,082 6.37
Republican Ernie Rivera 45,153 3.16
Total votes 1,430,492 100.00
Florida Democratic primary election[203]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patrick Murphy 665,985 58.92
Democratic Alan Grayson 199,929 17.72
Democratic Pam Keith 173,919 15.40
Democratic Rocky De La Fuente 60,810 5.38
Democratic Reginald Luster 29,138 2.58
Total votes 1,129,781 100.00

Georgia

Georgia election

 
Nominee Johnny Isakson Jim Barksdale
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 2,135,806 1,599,726
Percentage 54.8% 41.0%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Johnny Isakson
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Johnny Isakson
Republican

Two-term Senator Johnny Isakson (Republican) was re-elected with 58% of the vote in 2010. He was 71 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[45] In 2015, Isakson announced he was being treated for Parkinson's disease, but stated that his treatment would not interfere with his re-election campaign or his ability to serve another term.[204]

Mary Kay Bacallao, college professor, former Fayette County Board of Education member, and candidate for State Superintendent of Schools in 2014[205] and Derrick Grayson, candidate for the state's other Senate seat in 2014,[206] challenged Isakson for the Republican nomination. Isakson won the Republican nomination with more than three quarters of the vote.[207]

Investment firm executive Jim Barksdale,[46] project manager Cheryl Copeland,[208] and businessman John Coyne[209] ran for the Democratic nomination. USAF veteran Jim Knox was running but dropped out of the race.[210] Barksdale defeated Copeland in a close race to win the Democratic nomination.[207]

Sen. Isakson won re-election with 55% to Barksdale's 41%.

Georgia Republican primary election[211]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Johnny Isakson (Incumbent) 447,661 77.50
Republican Derrick Grayson 69,101 11.96
Republican Mary Kay Bacallao 60,898 10.54
Total votes 577,660 100.00
Georgia Democratic primary election[211]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jim Barksdale 166,627 53.74
Democratic Cheryl Copeland 130,822 42.19
Democratic John Coyne 12,604 4.07
Total votes 310,053 100.00
Georgia general election[212]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Johnny Isakson (Incumbent) 2,135,806 54.80
Democratic Jim Barksdale 1,599,726 41.04
Libertarian Allen Buckley 162,260 4.16
Total votes 3,897,792 100.00
Republican hold

Hawaii

Hawaii election

 
Nominee Brian Schatz John Carroll
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 306,604 92,653
Percentage 73.6% 22.2%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Brian Schatz
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Brian Schatz
Democratic

In 2012, Hawaii Governor Neil Abercrombie appointed Lieutenant Governor Brian Schatz (Democrat) to take the place of deceased nine-term Senator Daniel Inouye. Schatz won a 2014 special election to serve the remainder of Inouye's term. Schatz ran for re-election.[38]

Former U.S. Representative and 2014 Senate candidate Colleen Hanabusa considered challenging Schatz in the primary again,[213] while U.S. Representative Tulsi Gabbard declined to seek the Democratic nomination for the seat.[214]

Charles Collins, a Republican who ran for the Senate in 2012 and for Governor in 2014, was seeking the nomination again,[215] but withdrew from the race.[216]

Sen. Schatz won re-election with 74% of the vote compared to Carroll's 22%.

Hawaii Democratic primary election[217][218][219]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Brian Schatz (Incumbent) 162,891 86.17
Democratic Makani Christensen 11,898 6.29
Democratic Miles Shiratori 8,620 4.56
Democratic Arturo Reyes 3,819 2.02
Democratic Tutz Honeychurch 1,815 0.96
Total votes 189,043 100.00
Hawaii Constitution primary election[217][218][219]
Party Candidate Votes %
Constitution Joy Allison 217 100.00
Total votes 217 100.00
Hawaii American Shopping primary election[217][218][219]
Party Candidate Votes %
Independent John Giuffre 111 100.00
Total votes 111 100.00
Hawaii general election[220]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Brian Schatz (Incumbent) 306,604 70.1 N/A
Republican John Carroll 92,653 21.2 N/A
Constitution Joy Allison 9,103 2.1 N/A
Libertarian Michael Kokowski 6,809 1.6 N/A
Independent John Giuffre 1,393 0.3
Blank votes 20,763 4.7
Over votes 339 0.0
Majority 213,951 48.88
Total votes 437,664 100.0
Democratic hold Swing

Idaho

Idaho election

 
Nominee Mike Crapo Jerry Sturgill
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 449,017 188,249
Percentage 66.1% 27.7%

 
Nominee Ray Writz
Party Constitution
Popular vote 41,677
Percentage 6.1%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Mike Crapo
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Crapo
Republican

Three-term Senator Mike Crapo (Republican) was re-elected with 71% of the vote in 2010. Crapo was 65 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[49] U.S Representative Raul Labrador declined to challenge Crapo in the Republican primary.[221][222]

Jerry Sturgill ran for the Democratic nomination.[50]

Perennial candidate Pro-Life ran as an independent.[223][224] He was defeated in the Constitution Party primary on May 17, 2016 to Ray J. Writz.[225]

Sen. Crapo was re-elected.

Idaho Republican primary election[226]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Crapo 119,633 100.00
Total votes 119,633 100.00
Idaho Democratic primary election[226]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jerry Sturgill 26,471 100.00
Total votes 26,471 100.00
Idaho Constitution primary election[226]
Party Candidate Votes %
Constitution Ray J. Writz 131 59.5
Constitution Pro-Life 89 40.5
Total votes 220 100.0
Idaho general election[227]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Mike Crapo (Incumbent) 449,017 66.13 -5.06%
Democratic Jerry Sturgill 188,249 27.73 N/A
Constitution Ray J. Writz 41,677 6.14 N/A
Majority 260,768 38.40
Total votes 678,943 100.0 +51.06%
Republican hold Swing

Illinois

Illinois election

 
Nominee Tammy Duckworth Mark Kirk
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 3,012,940 2,184,693
Percentage 54.9% 39.8%

Duckworth:
     40-50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Kirk:
     40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Mark Kirk
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Tammy Duckworth
Democratic

One-term Senator Mark Kirk (Republican) was elected with 48% of the vote in 2010. He was 57 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election. Kirk suffered a stroke in January 2012 that kept him away from the Senate until January 2013.[228] In June 2013, he confirmed that he was planning to run for re-election,[229] but speculation he might retire persisted.[230] In November 2014, Kirk reiterated that he was going to run for re-election, saying: "No frickin' way am I retiring."[231]

Joe Walsh, a former U.S. Representative and conservative talk radio host, declined to challenge Kirk in the Republican primary.[232] Two others filed for the right to challenge Senator Kirk in the primary: businessman James Marter,[233] and Elizabeth Pahlke,[234] but Pahlke was disqualified, so only Marter was on the ballot running against Kirk.[235] On March 15, Kirk won the primary with 71% of the vote.[236]

U.S. Representative Tammy Duckworth,[237] President and CEO of the Chicago Urban League, Andrea Zopp,[238] and State Senator Napoleon Harris ran for the Democratic nomination.[239][240] On March 15, Duckworth won the primary with 64% of the vote.[236]

In December 2015, Jim Brown, a teacher and former businessman, announced he was running as an independent.[241]

Chris Aguayo, an Iraq/Afghan War veteran and Veterans Party State Chair, announced he was running, representing the Veterans Party.[242]

Rep. Duckworth unseated Sen. Kirk with 55% compared to his 40%.

2016 United States Senate election in Illinois Republican Primary[243]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Mark Kirk (Incumbent) 931,619 70.6 +14.0%
Republican James T. Marter 388,571 29.4 N/A
Majority 543,048 41.2 +3.9%
Turnout 1,320,191 +77.9%
Illinois Democratic primary election[244]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Tammy Duckworth 1,220,128 64.38
Democratic Andrea Zopp 455,729 24.05
Democratic Napoleon Harris 219,286 11.57
Total votes 1,859,257 100.00
Illinois general election[245]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Tammy Duckworth 3,012,940 54.9 +8.5%
Republican Mark Kirk (Incumbent) 2,184,692 39.8 -8.2%
Libertarian Kenton McMillen 175,988 3.2 +0.8%
Green Scott Summers 117,619 2.1 -1.1%
Write-in Chad Koppie 408 .007 N/A
Write-in Jim Brown 106 .002 N/A
Write-in Christopher Aguayo 77 .001 N/A
Write-in Susana Sandoval 42 .0008 N/A
Write-in Eric Kufi James Stewart 5 .00009 N/A
Write-in Patricia Beard 1 .00002 N/A
Majority 828,248 15.1 +13.5%
Turnout 5,491,878 +48.2%
Democratic gain from Republican Swing

Indiana

Indiana election

 
Nominee Todd Young Evan Bayh
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,423,991 1,158,974
Percentage 52.1% 42.4%

 
Nominee Lucy Brenton
Party Libertarian
Popular vote 149,481
Percentage 5.5%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Dan Coats
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Todd Young
Republican

Three-term Senator Dan Coats (Republican) was elected with 55% of the vote in 2010; Coats served in the Senate from 1989 to 1999 and then returned to serve another term from 2011 to 2017. Coats did not run for re-election.[246] Republican candidates include U.S. Representatives Marlin Stutzman[247] and Todd Young.[55] Coats's chief of Staff Eric Holcomb was a candidate, but withdrew from the race.[248][249]

Former U.S. Representative Baron Hill won the Democratic nomination on May 3, but withdrew in July 2016 in favor of Evan Bayh.[250] Bayh held the seat from 1999 until his retirement in 2011, and also served as Governor of Indiana from 1989 to 1997. Former non-profit director John Dickerson also announced he was going to run, but suspended his campaign in early 2016.[251][252]

Former Sen. Bayh lost his bid to regain his seat to Rep. Young. Rep Young garnered 52% to Bayh's 42%

Indiana Republican primary election[253]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Todd Young 661,136 67.0
Republican Marlin Stutzman 324,429 33.0
Total votes 985,565 100.0
Indiana Democratic primary election[253]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Baron Hill 516,183 100.00
Total votes 516,183 100.00
Indiana general election[254]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Todd Young 1,423,991 52.11
Democratic Evan Bayh 1,158,947 42.41
Libertarian Lucy Brenton 149,481 5.47
Write-in James L. Johnson Jr. 127 0.01
Majority 265,044 9.70
Total votes 2,732,573 100.00
Republican hold

Iowa

Iowa election

 
Nominee Chuck Grassley Patty Judge
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 926,007 549,460
Percentage 60.1% 35.7%

County Results

U.S. senator before election

Chuck Grassley
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Grassley
Republican

Six-term Senator Chuck Grassley was re-elected with 65% of the vote in 2010. He was 83 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[255][256] Talk radio host Robert Rees announced he was going to challenge Grassley for the nomination,[257] but later withdrew.[258]

Former Lt Governor Patty Judge[59] earned the Democratic nomination by defeating State Senator Rob Hogg,[259] former state Senator Tom Fiegen,[260] and former state representative Bob Krause.[261] Former state representative Ray Zirkelbach[262] briefly ran but ended his campaign soon after.

Sen. Grassley won re-election with 60% to Judge's 36%.

Iowa Republican primary election[263]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Chuck Grassley (Incumbent) 90,089 98.36
Republican Write-ins 1,500 1.64
Total votes 91,589 100.00
Iowa Democratic primary election[263]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patty Judge 46,322 47.62
Democratic Rob Hogg 37,801 38.86
Democratic Tom Fiegen 6,573 6.76
Democratic Bob Krause 6,425 6.60
Democratic Write-ins 154 0.16
Total votes 97,275 100.00
Iowa general election[264]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Chuck Grassley (Incumbent) 926,007 60.09 -4.26%
Democratic Patty Judge 549,460 35.66 +2.36%
Libertarian John Heiderscheit 41,794 2.71 +0.44%
Independent Jim Hennager 17,649 1.15 N/A
Independent Michael Luick-Thrams 4,441 0.29 N/A
Write-ins 1,685 0.11 +0.03%
Majority 376,547 24.43 -6.62%
Turnout 1,541,036
Republican hold Swing

Kansas

Kansas election

 
Nominee Jerry Moran Patrick Wiesner
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 732,376 379,740
Percentage 62.2% 32.2%

 
Nominee Robert Garrard
Party Libertarian
Popular vote 65,760
Percentage 5.6%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Jerry Moran
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Jerry Moran
Republican

One-term Senator Jerry Moran (Republican) was elected with 70% of the vote in 2010. He was 62 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[61] Radiologist and 2014 Senate candidate Milton R. Wolf and U.S. Representative Tim Huelskamp declined to run.[61][112][265][266]

Patrick Wiesner,[62] an attorney and a candidate for the Senate in 2010 and 2014, defeated Monique Singh-Bey[267] for the Democratic nomination. Potential candidates who declined to run included Wichita Mayor Carl Brewer, 2014 Governor nominee Paul Davis, former Kansas City Mayor Joe Reardon, former U.S. Representative and 2008 nominee Jim Slattery, and 2014 KS-02 nominee Margie Wakefield.[112]

Sen. Moran won re-election with 62% to Wiesner's 32%.

Republican primary results[268]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Jerry Moran 230,907 79.09
Republican D.J. Smith 61,056 20.91
Total votes 291,963 100.00
Democratic primary results[268]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patrick Wiesner 59,522 62.94
Democratic Monique Singh-Bey 35,042 37.06
Total votes 94,564 100.00
Libertarian primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Libertarian Robert Garrard   100.00
Total votes   100.00
Kansas general election[269]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jerry Moran 732,376 62.18 -8.16%
Democratic Patrick Wiesner 379,740 32.24 +6.08%
Libertarian Robert D. Garrard 65,760 5.58 +3.46%
Independent DJ Smith 46 0.00 N/A
Majority 352,636 29.94
Total votes 1,177,922 100.00
Republican hold Swing

Kentucky

Kentucky election

 
Nominee Rand Paul Jim Gray
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,090,177 813,246
Percentage 57.3% 42.7%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Rand Paul
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Rand Paul
Republican

One-term Senator Rand Paul (Republican) was elected with 56% of the vote in 2010. He was 53 years old in 2016. Paul filed for re-election,[64] although he was also running for President of the United States in 2016.[270] Although Kentucky law did not allow for a candidate to appear twice on the same ballot, Paul successfully convinced the Kentucky GOP to adopt a caucus system for 2016, allowing Paul to run for president and for the Senate simultaneously.[271] Kentucky law still bars Paul from appearing twice on the ballot in the general election.[271] However, on February 3, 2016, Paul ended his campaign for the presidency and ran for reelection.[272] James Gould and Stephen Slaughter filed to run against Paul.[273] Paul won the Republican primary, receiving 169,180 votes (about 85%); James R. Gould received 16,611 (about 8%) and Stephen Howard Slaughter received 13,728 (about 7%).[274]

Lexington Mayor Jim Gray,[65] Rory Houlihan,[275] Ron Leach,[276] Sellus Wilder[277] Jeff Kender, Tom Recktenwald (who was a candidate in 2014), and Grant Short ran for the Democratic nomination.[273] Gray won the nomination.

Paul won re-election with 57% of the vote to Gray's 43%.

Kentucky Republican primary election[278]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rand Paul 169,180 84.79
Republican James Gould 16,611 8.33
Republican Stephen Slaughter 13,728 6.88
Total votes 199,519 100.00
Kentucky Democratic primary election[278]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jim Gray 240,613 58.73
Democratic Sellus Wilder 52,728 12.87
Democratic Ron Leach 39,026 9.53
Democratic Tom Recktenwald 21,910 5.35
Democratic Grant Short 21,558 5.26
Democratic Jeff Kender 20,239 4.94
Democratic Rory Houlihan 13,585 3.32
Total votes 409,659 100.00
Kentucky general election[279]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Rand Paul (Incumbent) 1,090,177 57.27 +1.58%
Democratic Jim Gray 813,246 42.73 -1.53%
Write-ins 42 0.00 N/A
Majority 276,931 14.55
Total votes 1,903,465 100.00
Republican hold Swing

Louisiana

Louisiana election

November 8 and December 10, 2016
 
Nominee John Kennedy Foster Campbell
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 536,191 347,816
Percentage 60.7% 39.3%

Parish Results

U.S. senator before election

David Vitter
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Kennedy
Republican

Two-term Senator David Vitter (Republican) was re-elected with 57% of the vote in 2010. After losing the 2015 gubernatorial race, Vitter chose to retire from the Senate at the end of his term.[38][280]

Republicans who ran for the seat included U.S. Representatives Charles Boustany[281] and John Fleming,[282] former U.S. Representative Joseph Cao,[283] State Treasurer John Kennedy,[66] retired U.S. Air Force Colonel Rob Maness,[284] and former Louisiana State Representative David Duke. Other potential Republican candidates included Public Service Commissioner Erik Skrmetta,[285] 2014 candidate for LA-05 Zach Dasher,[285] state representative Paul Hollis,[286] and former President of Jefferson Parish John Young.[287]

Democratic candidates included Public Service Commissioner Foster Campbell,[67] attorney Derrick Edwards,[288] Caroline Fayard, an attorney and candidate for Lieutenant Governor in 2010,[289] and businessman Josh Pellerin.[290] Other potential Democratic candidates included state legislators Robert Johnson, Eric LaFleur, and Gary Smith Jr., and Mayor of Alexandria Jacques Roy.[291][292][293] Former U.S. Senator Mary Landrieu and her brother, New Orleans Mayor Mitch Landrieu, declined to run.[294]

As no candidate won a majority of the vote in the "jungle primary", a runoff election was held on December 10 to choose between Kennedy and Campbell (the 2 candidates with the most votes in the primary).[295] John Kennedy was declared the winner of the runoff election with 61% of the vote to Campbell's 39%.

Louisiana general election[296]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican John Kennedy 536,191 60.65 +4.09%
Democratic Foster Campbell 347,816 39.35 +1.68%
Majority 188,375 21.30
Total votes 884,007 100.00
Republican hold Swing

Maryland

Maryland election

 
Nominee Chris Van Hollen Kathy Szeliga
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 1,659,907 972,557
Percentage 60.9% 35.7%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Barbara Mikulski
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Chris Van Hollen
Democratic

Five-term U.S. Senator Barbara Mikulski of the Democratic Party was re-elected with 62% of the vote in 2010. She is the longest-serving female Senator and the longest-serving woman in the history of the U.S. Congress. She is not seeking re-election.[297]

The candidates who filed for the Democratic nomination were: U.S. Representatives Donna Edwards[298] and Chris Van Hollen,[68] Freddie Donald Dickson Jr., Ralph Jaffe, Theresa Scaldaferri, Charles Smith, Violate Staley, Blaine Taylor, Ed Tinus, and Lih Young.[299] Van Hollen won the April 26 primary.

The Republican candidates who filed were former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense and Senate candidate in 2012 Richard Douglas,[300] Chrys Kefalas,[301] State Delegate Kathy Szeliga,[69] Chris Chaffee, Sean Connor, John Graziani, Greg Holmes, Joseph David Hooe, Mark McNicholas, Lynn Richardson, Anthony Seda, Richard Shawver, Dave Walle, and Garry T. Yarrington.[299] Szeliga won the primary and will face Van Hollen in the general election.

Rep. Van Hollen won election to the Senate with 61% of the vote to Szeliga's 36%.

Maryland Democratic primary election[302]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Chris Van Hollen 470,320 53.2
Democratic Donna Edwards 343,620 38.9
Democratic Freddie Dickson 14,856 1.7
Democratic Theresa Scaldaferri 13,178 1.5
Democratic Violet Staley 10,244 1.2
Democratic Lih Young 8,561 1.0
Democratic Charles Smith 7,912 0.9
Democratic Ralph Jaffe 7,161 0.8
Democratic Blaine Taylor 5,932 0.7
Democratic Ed Tinus 2,560 0.3
Total votes 884,344 100.00
Maryland Republican primary election[302]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Kathy Szeliga 135,337 35.6
Republican Chris Chaffee 52,066 13.7
Republican Chrys Kefalas 36,340 9.6
Republican Richard Douglas 29,007 7.6
Republican Dave Wallace 23,226 6.1
Republican Sean Connor 21,727 5.7
Republican Lynn Richardson 20,792 5.5
Republican John Graziani 16,722 4.4
Republican Greg Holmes 16,148 4.3
Republican Mark McNicholas 9,988 2.6
Republican Joe Hooe 8,282 2.2
Republican Anthony Seda 3,873 1.0
Republican Richard Shawver 3,155 0.8
Republican Garry Yarrington 2,988 0.8
Total votes 379,651 100.00
Maryland Green primary election[303]
Party Candidate Votes %
Green Margaret Flowers 125 98.0
Green None of the above 3 2.0
Total votes 128 100.00
Maryland general election[304]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Chris Van Hollen 1,659,907 60.89 -1.30%
Republican Kathy Szeliga 972,557 35.67 -0.08%
Green Margaret Flowers 89,970 3.30 +2.06%
Write-ins 3,736 0.14 +0.03%
Majority 687,350 25.21
Total votes 2,726,170 100.00
Democratic hold Swing

Missouri

Missouri election

 
Nominee Roy Blunt Jason Kander
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,378,458 1,300,200
Percentage 49.18% 46.39%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Roy Blunt
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Roy Blunt
Republican

One-term Senator Roy Blunt (Republican) was elected with 54% of the vote in 2010. He was 66 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[71] Former U.S. Representative and 2012 Senate nominee Todd Akin was rumored to be a possible candidate, but declined to run.[305][306] Three candidates ran against Blunt for the Republican nomination, the best-known being sales manager, Tea Party activist, and 2010 candidate Kristin Nichols, but Blunt won decisively with 72% of the vote.

For the Democrats, Secretary of State Jason Kander[72] easily won the nomination, defeating Robert Mack, Pastor Cori Bush[307][308] and activist Chief Wana Dubie.[309] Governor Jay Nixon and State Treasurer Clint Zweifel chose not to seek election to the Senate.[310][311]

Sen. Blunt won re-election with 49% of the vote to Kander's 46%.

Missouri Republican primary election[312]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Roy Blunt 481,444 72.55
Republican Kristi Nichols 134,025 20.20
Republican Ryan Luethy 29,328 4.42
Republican Bernie Mowinski 18,789 2.83
Total votes 663,586 100.00
Missouri Democratic primary election[312]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jason Kander 223,492 69.87
Democratic Cori Bush 42,453 13.27
Democratic Chief Wana Dubie 30,432 9.51
Democratic Robert Mack 23,509 7.35
Total votes 319,886 100.00
Missouri Libertarian primary election[312]
Party Candidate Votes %
Libertarian Jonathan Dine 2,002 54.90
Libertarian Herschel Young 1,642 45.06
Total votes 3,644 100.00
Missouri Constitution primary election[312]
Party Candidate Votes %
Constitution Fred Ryman 545 100.00
Total votes 545 100.00
Missouri general election[313]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Roy Blunt 1,378,458 49.18 -5.05%
Democratic Jason Kander 1,300,200 46.39 +5.76%
Libertarian Jonathan Dine 67,738 2.42 -0.60%
Green Johnathan McFarland 30,743 1.10 N/A
Constitution Fred Ryman 25,407 0.91 -1.22%
Write-ins 95 0.03 N/A
Plurality 78,258 2.79
Total votes 2,802,641 100.00
Republican hold

Nevada

Nevada election

 
Nominee Catherine Cortez Masto Joe Heck
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 521,994 495,079
Percentage 47.1% 44.7%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Harry Reid
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Catherine Cortez Masto
Democratic

Five-term Senator and Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid (Democrat) was re-elected with 50% of the vote in 2010. Reid did not seek re-election.[314] Former Nevada Attorney General Catherine Cortez Masto earned the Democratic nomination, defeating Bobby Mahendra, Liddo Susan O'Briant, and Allen Rheinhart in the primary on June 14, 2016.

Congressman Joe Heck[75] defeated eight candidates, including 2010 nominee Sharron Angle,[315] who ran against Reid in 2010, for the Republican nomination.

Jarrod M. Williams, an independent candidate ran for the seat. He describes himself as a Democratic Socialist, a supporter of Bernie Sanders, and is a member of the Socialist Party USA, although the party doesn't have a chapter in the State of Nevada. Cortez Masto was elected with 47.1% of the vote to Heck's 44.7%.

Democratic primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Catherine Cortez Masto 81,944 81.0
Democratic Allen Rheinhart 5,645 6.0
Democratic None of these candidates 5,498 5.0
Democratic Liddo Susan O'Briant 4,834 5.0
Democratic Bobby Mahendra 3,760 3.0
Total votes 101,681 100.0
Republican primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Joe Heck 74,517 65.0
Republican Sharron Angle 26,142 23.0
Republican None of these candidates 3,902 3.0
Republican Thomas Heck 3,570 3.0
Republican Eddie Hamilton 2,507 2.0
Republican D'Nese Davis 1,937 1.8
Republican Bill Tarbell 1,179 1.0
Republican Robert Leeds 662 0.6
Republican Juston Preble 582 0.5
Republican Carlo Poliak 279 0.2
Total votes 114,827 100.0
Nevada general election[316]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Catherine Cortez Masto 521,994 47.10 -3.19%
Republican Joe Heck 495,079 44.67 +0.12%
None of These Candidates 42,257 3.81 +1.56%
Independent American Tom Jones 17,128 1.55 +1.11%
Independent Tony Guinta 10,740 0.97 N/A
Independent Jarrod Williams 6,888 0.62 N/A
Plurality 26,231 2.37
Total votes 1,108,294 100.00 +53.64%
Democratic hold Swing Democratic hold

New Hampshire

New Hampshire election

 
Nominee Maggie Hassan Kelly Ayotte
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 354,649 353,632
Percentage 48.0% 47.8%

Hassan:
     40-50%     50–60%
Ayotte:
     40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Kelly Ayotte
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Maggie Hassan
Democratic

One-term Senator Kelly Ayotte (Republican) was elected with 60% of the vote in 2010. She was 48 years old in 2016. Ayotte ran for re-election.[77] Jim Rubens, a former state senator, candidate for Governor in 1998 and for the Senate in 2014, announced a challenge to Ayotte in the primary,[317][318] but Ayotte won the nomination.

Brian Chabot is the Libertarian candidate for US Senate in 2016. He is a relative newcomer to politics, having run for US Senate in 2010 and US Representative in 2014.

Governor Maggie Hassan ran for the Democratic nomination.[76] Other potential candidates include Executive Councilor Chris Pappas, State Senators Dan Feltes and Donna Soucy, Portsmouth City Councilor and daughter of U.S. Senator Jeanne Shaheen Stefany Shaheen, and campaign manager for Senator Shaheen Mike Vlacich.[319]

A series of polls taken by WMUR/UNH in February, April, and July 2016, as well as WBUR polls taken in May and July/August, show Hassan gaining support over time and now leading Ayotte.

Gov. Hassan won a very close election, 353,978 or 47.97%, to Sen. Ayotte's 353,262 or 47.87%, a difference of 716 votes. Sen. Ayotte conceded the race to Gov. Hassan around noon Wednesday November 9, 2016.

New Hampshire Republican primary election[320]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Kelly Ayotte 86,558 78.55
Republican Jim Rubens 19,139 17.37
Republican Tom Alciere 1,586 1.44
Republican Gerald Beloin 1,252 1.14
Republican Stanley Emanuel 1,187 1.08
Democratic Maggie Hassan (write-in) 301 0.27
Scatter 167 0.15
Total votes 110,190 100.00
New Hampshire general election[321]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Maggie Hassan 354,649 47.98 +11.28%
Republican Kelly Ayotte (Incumbent) 353,632 47.84 -12.28%
Independent Aaron Day 17,742 2.40 N/A
Libertarian Brian Chabot 12,597 1.70 +0.65%
Plurality 1,017 0.14
Turnout 738,620 100.00
Democratic gain from Republican Swing

New York

New York election

 
Nominee Chuck Schumer Wendy Long
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 5,221,945 2,009,355
Percentage 70.6% 27.2%

Schumer:
     50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%
Long:
     50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

Three-term Senator Chuck Schumer (Democrat) was re-elected with 66% of the vote in 2010. He was 66 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[38] Chuck Schumer had been elected leader of the Senate Democrats on November 16, 2016, succeeding Harry Reid.[322][323]

Wendy Long, the Republican nominee in 2012, ran as the nominee of Republican, Conservative, and Reform Parties.[79] Other potential Republican candidates included U.S. Representatives Chris Gibson and Peter T. King.[324] U.S. Representative Richard L. Hanna, Manhattan Republican Party Chairwoman Adele Malpass, and former CNBC television host Larry Kudlow[325] were also mentioned as possible candidates, but all have declined to run.[324][326]

Robin Laverne Wilson, the Green Party of New York nominee, received 1.5% of the vote.[327] Alex Merced, the Libertarian Party candidate,[328] received 0.7% of the vote.[327]

New York general election[329]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Chuck Schumer 4,784,218 61.34 N/A
Working Families Chuck Schumer 241,672 3.10 N/A
Independence Chuck Schumer 150,654 1.93 N/A
Women's Equality Chuck Schumer 45,401 0.58 N/A
Total Chuck Schumer 5,221,945 66.95% +2.97%
Republican Wendy Long 1,723,920 22.10 N/A
Conservative Wendy Long 267,622 3.43 N/A
Reform Wendy Long 17,813 0.23 N/A
Total Wendy Long 2,009,335 25.76 -0.58%
Green Robin Laverne Wilson 113,413 1.45 +0.45%
Libertarian Alex Merced 48,120 0.62 +0.02%
None Blank/Void/Scattering 407,786 5.22 N/A
Total votes 7,800,619 100.00
Democratic hold Swing

North Carolina

North Carolina election

 
Nominee Richard Burr Deborah K. Ross
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 2,395,376 2,128,165
Percentage 51.1% 45.4%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Richard Burr
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Burr
Republican

Two-term Senator Richard Burr (Republican) was re-elected with 55% of the vote in 2010. He was 61 years old in 2016. There had been speculation that Burr might retire,[330] but he ran for re-election.[82][331]

Three Republicans challenged Burr in the primary: Greg Brannon,[332] Larry Holmquist,[333] and former Superior Court Judge Paul Wright.[334] On March 15, Burr won the primary with 61% of the vote.[335]

Former state representative Deborah Ross,[83] Spring Lake Mayor Chris Rey,[336] businessman Kevin Griffin,[337] and retired U.S. Army Captain Ernest Reeves[338] ran for the Democratic nomination. Former U.S. Senator Kay Hagan,[339] state treasurer Janet Cowell,[340] and Anthony Foxx, the United States Secretary of Transportation and former Mayor of Charlotte, declined to run.[341] On March 15, Ross won the primary with 62% of the vote.[342]

Burr won re-election 51% to 45% for Ross.

North Carolina Republican primary election[343]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Richard Burr 622,074 61.41
Republican Greg Brannon 255,030 25.17
Republican Paul Wright 85,944 8.48
Republican Larry Holmquist 50,010 4.94
Total votes 1,013,058 100.00
North Carolina Democratic primary election[344]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Deborah Ross 614,414 62.32
Democratic Chris Rey 162,869 16.52
Democratic Kevin Griffin 115,618 11.73
Democratic Ernest Reeves 93,005 9.43
Total votes 985,906 100.00
North Carolina general election[345]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Richard Burr (Incumbent) 2,395,376 51.06 -3.75%
Democratic Deborah Ross 2,128,165 45.37 +2.32%
Libertarian Sean Haugh 167,592 3.57 +1.48%
Majority 267,208 5.69 6.07%
Total votes 4,691,133 100.00 +76.35%
Republican hold Swing

North Dakota

North Dakota election

 
Nominee John Hoeven Eliot Glassheim
Party Republican Democratic-NPL
Popular vote 268,788 58,116
Percentage 78.5% 17.0%

County results

U.S. senator before election

John Hoeven
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Hoeven
Republican

One-term Senator John Hoeven (Republican) was elected with 76% of the vote in 2010. He was 59 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[85]

Democrats endorsed state representative Eliot Glassheim[346] On November 7, 2015, the Libertarian party nominated Robert Marquette.

Hoeven defeated Glassheim 78% to 17%.

North Dakota Republican primary election[347]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Hoeven 103,677 99.57
Republican Write-in 445 0.43
Total votes 104,122 100.00
Democratic-NPL primary election[347]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic-NPL Eliot Glassheim 17,243 99.72
Democratic-NPL Write-in 48 0.28
Total votes 17,291 100.00
Libertarian primary election[347]
Party Candidate Votes %
Libertarian Robert Marquette 1,089 99.54
Libertarian Write-in 5 0.46
Total votes 1,094 100.00
North Dakota general election[348]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican John Hoeven 268,788 78.48 +2.40%
Democratic-NPL Eliot Glassheim 58,116 16.97 -5.20%
Libertarian Robert Marquette 10,556 3.08 +1.45%
Independent James Germalic 4,675 1.36 N/A
Write-ins 366 0.11 N/A
Majority 210,672 61.51
Turnout 342,501 100.00
Republican hold Swing

Ohio

Ohio election

 
Nominee Rob Portman Ted Strickland
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 3,118,567 1,996,908
Percentage 58.0% 37.2%

County Results

U.S. senator before election

Rob Portman
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Rob Portman
Republican

One-term Senator Rob Portman (Republican) was elected with 57% of the vote in 2010. He was 60 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election. He had considered running for President, but decided not to.[88]

Two candidates filed to challenge him: Don Elijah Eckhart, who ran for OH-15 as an independent in 2008,[349] and Melissa Strzala, but Strzala was disqualified.[350] On March 15, Portman won the primary with 82% of the vote.

Former Governor and Congressman Ted Strickland, Cincinnati City Councilman P.G. Sittenfeld, and occupational therapist Kelli Prather ran for the Democratic nomination.[351][352][353] Former State Representative Bob Hagan had filed papers to run,[354] but later withdrew from the race.[355] On March 15, Strickland won the primary with 65% of the vote.

Joseph DeMare, a machinist from Bowling Green, is the Green Party candidate. He ran unopposed in the March 15, 2016 primary, and received enough votes to substantially increase the number of enrolled Green Party members. In Ohio, the only way to join a political party is to vote in that Party's primary.

Portman defeated Strickland 58% to 37.2%.

Ohio Republican primary election[356]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Portman 1,336,686 82.16
Republican Don Elijah Eckhart 290,268 17.84
Total votes 1,626,954 100.00
Ohio Democratic primary election[356]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ted Strickland 742,676 65.04
Democratic P.G. Sittenfeld 254,232 22.26
Democratic Kelli Prather 144,945 12.69
Total votes 1,141,853 100.00
Green primary election[356]
Party Candidate Votes %
Green Joe DeMare 3,123 100.00
Total votes 3,123 100.00
Ohio general election[357]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Rob Portman (Incumbent) 3,118,567 58.03 +1.18%
Democratic Ted Strickland 1,996,908 37.16 -2.24%
Independent Tom Connors 93,041 1.73 N/A
Green Joseph R. DeMare 88,246 1.64 N/A
Independent Scott Rupert 77,291 1.44 N/A
Independent James Stahl (Write-in) 111 0.00 N/A
Total votes 5,374,164 100.00
Republican hold Swing NA

Oklahoma

Oklahoma election

 
Nominee James Lankford Mike Workman
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 980,892 355,911
Percentage 67.7% 24.6%

Lankford:
     50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      80–90%

U.S. senator before election

James Lankford
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

James Lankford
Republican

Two-term Senator Tom Coburn (Republican) was re-elected with 71% of the vote in 2010, but chose to leave office before the end of his term after being diagnosed with prostate cancer. James Lankford won the 2014 special election to serve the remainder of Coburn's term.[358] Lankford ran for re-election.[38]

Former Congressman Dan Boren was viewed by some Oklahoma political operatives as the only Democrat who could make the 2016 race competitive, but was seen as unlikely to run.[359] Lankford's 2014 special election opponent Constance N. Johnson had also declined to run.[360]

Libertarian primary election[361]
Party Candidate Votes %
Libertarian Robert Murphy 1,537 58.89
Libertarian Dax Ewbank 1,073 41.11
Total votes 2,610 100.00
Oklahoma general election[362]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican James Lankford (Incumbent) 980,892 67.74
Democratic Mike Workman 355,911 24.58
Libertarian Robert T. Murphy 43,421 3.00
Independent Sean Braddy 40,405 2.79
Independent Mark T. Beard 27,418 1.89
Majority 624,981 43.16
Total votes 1,448,047 100.00
Republican hold

Oregon

Oregon election

 
Nominee Ron Wyden Mark Callahan
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 1,105,119 651,106
Percentage 56.6% 33.4%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Ron Wyden
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Wyden
Democratic

Three-term Senator Ron Wyden (Democrat) was re-elected with 57% of the vote in 2010. He was 67 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[38]

Medford City Councilor Kevin Stine[363] and retired locomotive engineer Paul Weaver[364] challenged Wyden for the Democratic nomination. Wyden won the Democratic nomination.

Information technology consultant and 2014 candidate Mark Callahan,[93] businessman Sam Carpenter,[365] business consultant Dan Laschober,[366] Steven Reynolds,[364] and Lane County commissioner Faye Stewart[367] ran for the Republican nomination. Callahan won the Republican nomination.

Oregon Democratic primary election[368]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ron Wyden 501,903 83.20
Democratic Kevin Stine 78,287 12.98
Democratic Paul Weaver 20,346 3.37
write-ins 2,740 0.45
Total votes 603,276 100.00
Oregon Republican primary election[368]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mark Callahan 123,473 38.24
Republican Sam Carpenter 104,494 32.36
Republican Faye Stewart 57,399 17.78
Republican Dan Laschober 34,157 10.58
write-ins 3,357 1.04
Total votes 322,880 100.00
Independent primary election[368]
Party Candidate Votes %
Independent Steven Reynolds 10,497 40.80
Independent Marvin Sandnes 4,733 18.40
write-ins 10,496 40.80
Total votes 25,726 100.00
Oregon general election[369]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ron Wyden (Incumbent) 1,105,119 56.60
Republican Mark Callahan 651,106 33.35
Working Families Shanti Lewallen 61,915 3.17
Independent Steven Reynolds 59,516 3.05
Pacific Green Eric Navickas 48,823 2.50
Libertarian Jim Lindsay 23,941 1.23
Write-Ins 2,058 0.10
Total votes 1,952,478 100.00
Democratic hold

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania election

 
Nominee Pat Toomey Katie McGinty
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 2,951,702 2,865,012
Percentage 48.8% 47.3%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Pat Toomey
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Pat Toomey
Republican

One-term Senator Pat Toomey (Republican) was elected with 51% of the vote in 2010. He was 54 years old in 2016. Toomey ran for re-election.[95]

Everett Stern, a security intelligence consultant and whistleblower of the HSBC money laundering scandal, announced that he would challenge Toomey for the Republican nomination,[370] but has missed the filing deadline, so Toomey was unopposed in the primary.

Democratic candidates included Katie McGinty, former Chief of Staff to Governor Tom Wolf and former Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection,[96] former Congressman Joe Sestak, who defeated incumbent Senator Arlen Specter (a Democrat turned Republican turned back to Democrat) for the 2010 Democratic nomination, but lost to Toomey in the general election,[371] the current mayor of Braddock, Pennsylvania, John Fetterman,[372] who is an AmeriCorps alum and Harvard University graduate,[373] and small businessman and senate candidate in 2010 and 2012 Joseph Vodvarka.[374] Allentown Mayor Ed Pawlowski announced his candidacy for the seat but suspended his campaign due to an FBI investigation of Allentown.[375] McGinty won the primary and faced Toomey in the general election on November 8, 2016. Toomey defeated McGinty and retained the seat.

Pennsylvania Republican primary election[376]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Pat Toomey 1,342,941 100.00
Total votes 1,342,941 100.00
Pennsylvania Democratic primary election[376]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Katie McGinty 669,774 42.50
Democratic Joe Sestak 513,221 32.57
Democratic John Fetterman 307,090 19.49
Democratic Joseph Vodvarka 85,837 5.45
Total votes 1,575,922 100.00
Pennsylvania general election[377]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Pat Toomey (Incumbent) 2,951,702 48.77 -2.24%
Democratic Katie McGinty 2,865,012 47.34 -1.65%
Libertarian Edward T. Clifford III 235,142 3.89 N/A
Total votes 6,051,941 100.00
Republican hold Swing NA

South Carolina

South Carolina election

 
Nominee Tim Scott Thomas Dixon
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,241,609 757,022
Percentage 60.6% 36.9%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Tim Scott
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Tim Scott
Republican

Two-term Republican Senator Jim DeMint (Republican) was re-elected with 61% of the vote in 2010. He resigned at the start of 2013 to become President of The Heritage Foundation and U.S. Representative Tim Scott (Republican) of South Carolina's 1st congressional district was appointed to replace DeMint by Governor Nikki Haley.[378]

Scott subsequently won the special election in 2014 for the remaining two years of the term. Scott ran for re-election[38] and he was a potential Republican vice presidential nominee.[379][380]

Other potential Republican candidates include Congressmen Mick Mulvaney,[381] Jeff Duncan and Mark Sanford, along with State Senator Tom Davis, State Treasurer Curtis Loftis and State Attorney General Alan Wilson.[379] Darla Moore was mentioned as a potential candidate for either party.[379]

On the Democratic side, pastor Thomas Dixon ran in the general election on November 8, 2016 but was defeated by the incumbent, Scott.[98]

South Carolina general election[382][383]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Tim Scott (Incumbent) 1,241,609 60.57 -0.55%
Democratic Thomas Dixon 757,022 36.93 -0.16%
Libertarian Bill Bledsoe 37,482 1.83 N/A
American Michael Scarborough 11,923 0.58 N/A
Other Write-Ins 1,857 0.09 +0.05%
Majority 484,587 23.62 -0.41%
Turnout 2,049,893 65.75 +22.75%
Republican hold Swing

South Dakota

South Dakota election

 
Nominee John Thune Jay Williams
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 265,516 104,140
Percentage 71.8% 28.2%


U.S. senator before election

John Thune
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Thune
Republican

Two-term Senator John Thune (Republican) ran unopposed and was re-elected with 100% in 2010.[100]

Jay Williams, Chair of the Yankton County Democratic Party, and candidate for the State House in 2010 and 2014, is running for the Democratic nomination.[101] Other potential Democratic candidates include State Senator Bernie Hunhoff[384] and filmmaker and former television news producer Sam Hurst.[385]

Former U.S. Representative Stephanie Herseth Sandlin, Sioux Falls Mayor Mike Heuther, and 2014 nominee Rick Weiland all declined to run.[386][387]

South Dakota general election[388]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican John Thune (Incumbent) 265,494 71.83
Democratic Jay Williams 104,125 28.17
Majority 161,369 43.66
Total votes 369,619 100.00
Republican hold

Utah

Utah election

 
Nominee Mike Lee Misty Snow
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 760,241 301,860
Percentage 68.2% 27.1%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Mike Lee
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Lee
Republican

One-term Senator Mike Lee (Republican) was elected with 62% of the vote in 2010. He was 45 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.[102] State party chair Thomas Wright, former State Senator Dan Liljenquist, State Senator Aaron Osmond, Congressman Jason Chaffetz, Congressman Chris Stewart, former Governor of Utah Mike Leavitt, and Mitt Romney's son Josh Romney[389][390][391] were mentioned as potential primary challengers, but all declined to run.[392][393] Lee ran unopposed at the Utah Republican convention and is the Republican nominee.[394]

Marriage therapist Jonathan Swinton[395] and grocery store clerk Misty Snow, a transgender woman, ran for the Democratic nomination. Snow defeated Swinton by more than 20 percentage points, running to the left of Swinton, criticizing him for supporting limitations on abortion rights. She became the first transgender woman to become a major party's nominee for the Senate.[396]

Utah Democratic primary election[397]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Misty K. Snow 28,928 59.40
Democratic Jonathan Swinton 19,774 40.60
Total votes 48,702 100.00
Utah general election[398]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Mike Lee 760,241 68.15 +6.59%
Democratic Misty Snow 301,860 27.06 -5.71%
Independent American Stoney Fonua 27,340 2.45 N/A
Unaffiliated Bill Barron 26,167 2.34 N/A
Majority 458,381
Total votes 1,115,608 100.00
Republican hold Swing

Vermont

Vermont election

 
Nominee Patrick Leahy Scott Milne
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 192,243 103,637
Percentage 60.0% 32.3%

Leahy:
     50–60%      60–70%
Milne:
     40–50%

U.S. senator before election

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

Seven-term Democratic Senator Patrick Leahy was re-elected with 64% of the vote in 2010. Leahy won re-election in 2016, aged 76.[104]

Scott Milne, the Republican nominee who narrowly lost the 2014 Vermont gubernatorial election, ran unsuccessfully against Leahy.[399][400]

Vermont Democratic primary election[401]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patrick Leahy (Incumbent) 62,412 89.15
Democratic Cris Ericson 7,595 10.85
Total votes 70,007 100.00
Vermont general election[402][403]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Patrick Leahy (Incumbent) 192,243 59.99 -3.05%
Republican Scott Milne 103,637 32.34 +2.08%
Marijuana Cris Ericson 9,156 2.86 +1.76%
Independent Jerry Trudell 5,223 1.63 N/A
Liberty Union Peter Diamondstone 3,241 1.01 0.40%
Write-ins 309 0.10 N/A
Spoiled votes 466 0.15 N/A
Blank votes 6,192 1.93 N/A
Majority 88,606 27.65
Total votes 320,467 100.00
Democratic hold Swing

Washington

Washington election

 
Nominee Patty Murray Chris Vance
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 1,913,979 1,329,338
Percentage 59.0% 41.0%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Patty Murray
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Patty Murray
Democratic

Four-term Senator Patty Murray (Democrat) was re-elected with 52% of the vote in 2010. She ran successfully for re-election against Republican candidate Chris Vance.[107] Congressman Dave Reichert was considered a potential Republican candidate[404] but chose to run for reelection.[405]

Washington Blanket primary election[406]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patty Murray (Incumbent) 745,421 53.82
Republican Chris Vance 381,004 27.51
Republican Eric John Makus 57,825 4.18
Democratic Phil Cornell 46,460 3.35
Republican Scott Nazarino 41,542 3.00
Libertarian Mike Luke 20,988 1.52
Democratic Mohammad Said 13,362 0.96
Conservative Donna Rae Lands 11,472 0.83
Independent Ted Cummings 11,028 0.80
Independent Sam Wright 10,751 0.78
Republican Uncle Mover 8,569 0.62
Independent Jeremy Teuton 7,991 0.58
Democratic Thor Amundson 7,906 0.57
Independent Chuck Jackson 6,318 0.46
Independent Pano Churchill 5,150 0.37
Independent Zach Haller 5,092 0.37
Independent Alex Tsimerman 4,117 0.30
Total votes 1,384,996 100.00
Washington general election[407]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Patty Murray (Incumbent) 1,913,979 59.01 +6.65%
Republican Chris Vance 1,329,338 40.99 -6.65%
Majority 584,641 18.02 +13.30%
Total votes 3,243,317 100.00 29.16%
Democratic hold Swing

Wisconsin

Wisconsin election

 
Nominee Ron Johnson Russ Feingold
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote 1,479,471 1,380,335
Percentage 50.2% 46.8%

County results

U.S. senator before election

Ron Johnson
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Johnson
Republican

One-term Senator Ron Johnson (Republican) defeated three-term Senator Russ Feingold (Democrat) with 52% of the vote in 2010.

On May 14, 2015, Feingold announced that he would seek a rematch against Johnson for his former Senate seat.[109] Immediately after his announcement, the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee endorsed Feingold's candidacy.[408] Businesswoman and 2014 gubernatorial nominee Mary Burke has declared that she is not seeking statewide office in 2016.[409]

Johnson and Feingold faced each other again, and Johnson again defeated Feingold, in what many observers and pundits considered to be a surprising and uphill victory.[108]

Democratic primary
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Russ Feingold 303,282 90.14
Democratic Scott Harbach 33,185 9.86
Total votes 336,467 100.00
Wisconsin general election[410]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Ron Johnson (Incumbent) 1,479,471 50.2 -1.7%
Democratic Russ Feingold 1,380,335 46.8 -0.2%
Libertarian Phillip Anderson 87,531 3.0 N/A
Write-In Votes 8 0.0 N/A
Majority 99,136 3.4 -1.5%
Turnout 2,947,345 100.0
Republican hold

See also

Notes

  1. Both general election candidates in California were Democrats, having won the top two spots in the nonpartisan blanket primary, so all 12.2 million votes in California were counted for Democrats. For comparison, in 2012, the last time a Republican Senate candidate appeared on the California ballot, 12.6 million votes were cast, of which 4.7 million (38%) were cast for the Republican candidate.
  2. Both independents caucused with the Democrats.
  3. Democratic total includes 2 Independents who caucus with the Democrats
  4. Wisconsin was the "tipping point" state.

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