Demographics of the Maldives

This article is about the demographic features of the population of the Maldives, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Demographics of the Maldives, from 2000 to 2012
Population by locality (2012)

Maldives population pyramid in 2020

Vital statistics

UN estimates[1]
Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR1 CDR1 NC1 TFR1 IMR1
1950-1955 3 000 2 000 1 000 43.2 27.7 15.5 6.03 233.4
1955-1960 4 000 2 000 2 000 53.0 28.2 24.8 6.81 221.6
1960-1965 5 000 3 000 3 000 55.0 27.2 27.9 7.12 205.5
1965-1970 6 000 3 000 3 000 52.2 23.4 28.8 7.22 175.5
1970-1975 6 000 2 000 4 000 47.4 19.3 28.1 7.17 146.5
1975-1980 6 000 2 000 4 000 44.1 15.7 28.3 6.86 121.5
1980-1985 8 000 2 000 6 000 47.8 12.7 35.1 7.26 97.2
1985-1990 9 000 2 000 7 000 45.4 10.5 34.8 6.81 77.1
1990-1995 8 000 2 000 6 000 35.6 8.0 27.6 5.25 62.5
1995-2000 7 000 1 000 5 000 25.1 5.5 19.6 3.52 41.7
2000-2005 6 000 1 000 4 000 19.7 4.1 15.6 2.49 26.5
2005-2010 5 000 1 000 4 000 17.2 3.7 13.5 1.90 9.8
1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

Registered births and deaths[2]
Average population (x 1000) Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000)
1975 136 5 002 1 386 3 616 36.8 10.2 26.6
1976 140 5 232 1 565 3 667 37.4 11.2 26.2
1977 144 6 131 1 652 4 479 42.7 11.5 31.2
1978 148 5 667 1 971 3 696 38.4 13.4 25.0
1979 152 6 308 2 044 4 264 41.5 13.5 28.1
1980 157 6 822 1 787 5 035 43.6 11.4 32.1
1981 162 7 010 1 963 5 047 43.3 12.1 31.2
1982 168 7 402 2 129 5 273 44.1 12.7 31.4
1983 174 7 236 1 748 5 488 41.6 10.1 31.6
1984 180 8 255 1 640 6 615 45.8 9.1 36.7
1985 187 8 968 1 607 7 361 48.0 8.6 39.4
1986 193 8 615 1 511 7 104 44.6 7.8 36.8
1987 200 8 364 1 525 6 839 41.8 7.6 34.2
1988 207 8 297 1 526 6 771 40.2 7.4 32.8
1989 213 8 726 1 476 7 250 41.0 6.9 34.0
1990 219 8 639 1 355 7 284 39.4 6.2 33.2
1991 226 8 390 1 366 7 024 37.2 6.1 31.1
1992 232 8 139 1 330 6 809 35.1 5.7 29.4
1993 238 7 780 1 319 6 461 32.7 5.6 27.2
1994 243 7 382 1 240 6 142 30.3 5.1 25.2
1995 249 6 849 1 151 5 698 27.5 4.6 22.9
1996 254 6 772 1 213 5 559 26.7 4.8 21.9
1997 259 6 184 1 175 5 009 23.9 4.5 19.3
1998 264 5 687 1 121 4 566 21.6 4.2 17.3
1999 269 5 225 1 037 4 188 19.5 3.9 15.6
2000 273 5 399 1 032 4 367 19.8 3.8 16.0
2001 278 4 897 1 081 3 816 17.6 3.9 13.7
2002 282 5 003 1 113 3 890 17.7 3.9 13.8
2003 287 5 157 1 030 4 127 18.0 3.6 14.4
2004 291 5 220 1 015 4 205 17.9 3.5 14.5
2005 295 5 543 1 027 4 516 18.8 3.5 15.3
2006 300 5 829 1 083 4 746 19.5 3.6 15.9
2007 305 6 569 1 118 5 451 21.6 3.7 18.0
2008 310 6 946 1 061 5 885 22.6 3.4 19.1
2009 315 7 423 1 163 6 260 23.6 3.7 19.9
2010 320 7 115 1 105 6 010 22.3 3.5 18.8
2011 325 7 180 1 137 6 043 22.1 3.5 18.6
2012 331 7 431 1 135 6 296 22.5 3.4 19.0
2013 336 7 153 1 120 6 033 21.3 3.3 18.0
2014 344 7 245 1 143 6 102 18.0 2.8 15.2
2015 346 6 896 1 130 5 766 19.8 3.3 16.5
2016 353 6 756 1 226 5 530 19.1 3.5 15.6
2017 360 6 723 1 241 5 482 18.8 3.5 15.3
2018 375 6 561 1 110 5 451
2019 383

Structure of the population[3]

Structure of the population (21.03.2006) (Census) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 151 459 147 509 298 968 100
0-4 13 362 12 809 26 171 8,75
5-9 15 352 14 515 29 867 9,99
10-14 19 111 17 888 36 999 12,38
15-19 20 155 19 749 39 904 13,35
20-24 16 933 17 876 34 809 11,64
25-29 11 915 12 666 24 581 8,22
30-34 10 022 10 613 20 635 6,90
35-39 8 780 9 394 18 174 6,08
40-44 7 828 8 043 15 871 5,31
45-49 6 872 6 697 13 569 4,54
50-54 4 147 3 789 7 936 2,65
55-59 3 046 2 813 5 859 1,96
60-64 2 852 2 714 5 566 1,86
65-69 3 014 2 664 5 678 1,90
70-74 2 333 1 853 4 186 1,40
75-79 1 444 933 2 377 0,80
80-84 617 447 1 064 0,36
85-89 241 155 396 0,13
90-94 89 70 159 0,05
95+ 52 32 84 0,03
unknown 3 294 1 789 5 083 1,70
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 47 825 45 212 93 037 31,12
15-64 92 550 94 354 186 904 62,52
65+ 7 790 6 154 13 944 4,66

Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Estimates) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 169 800 166 424 336 224 100
0-4 16 714 16 429 33 143 9,86
5-9 13 826 13 318 27 144 8,07
10-14 14 498 13 671 28 169 8,38
15-19 18 153 16 795 34 948 10,39
20-24 20 743 19 640 40 383 12,01
25-29 19 091 19 401 38 492 11,45
30-34 14 054 14 828 28 882 8,59
35-39 10 761 11 263 22 024 6,55
40-44 9 409 9 935 19 344 5,75
45-49 8 270 8 587 16 857 5,01
50-54 7 421 7 340 14 761 4,39
55-59 5 105 4 799 9 904 2,95
60-64 3 118 2 884 6 002 1,79
65-69 2 542 2 495 5 037 1,50
70-74 2 430 2 338 4 768 1,42
75-79 1 971 1 648 3 619 1,08
80+ 1 693 1 054 2 747 0,82
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 45 038 43 418 88 456 26,31
15-64 116 126 115 471 231 597 68,88
65+ 8 636 7 535 16 171 4,81

Fertility Rate (The Demographic Health Survey)[4]

Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
2009 24.7 2.5 (2.2) 22.9 2.1 (1.9) 25.5 2.8 (2.4)
2016-17 22.0 2.1 (1.9) 19.9 1.8 (1.5) 23.0 2.5 (2.2)

Geographical differences

The total fertility rate differs greatly from as low as 2.05 children per woman in Malé to a maximum of 3.88 children in Faafu.

Code Name Official Name Population
(2014 census)[5]		 Reg. Population
(31/12/2018)[6]		 TFR (2014 census)[7]
MaléMalé City 133,412 64,742 2.05
Haa Alif Thiladhunmathi Uthuruburi 13,004 22,761 2.91
Haa Dhaalu Thiladhunmathi Dhekunuburi 18,570 27,259 2.91
Shaviyani Miladhunmadulu Uthuruburi 12,127 18,274 2.66
Noonu Miladhunmadulu Dhekunuburi 10,556 16,789 2.83
Raa Maalhosmadulu Uthuruburi 14,934 23,721 2.93
Baa Maalhosmadulu Dhekunuburi 8,919 14,624 2.45
Lhaviyani Faadhippolhu 7,996 13,238 2.59
Kaafu Malé Atholhu 12,232 12,036 2.70
Alif Alif Ari Atholhu Uthuruburi 5,915 7,614 2.94
Alif Dhaal Ari Atholhu Dhekunuburi 8,183 11,439 3.30
Vaavu Felidhu Atholhu 1,622 2,599 2.34
Meemu Mulak Atholhu 4,711 7,415 2.75
Faafu Nilandhe Atholhu Uthuruburi 4,140 6,264 3.88
Dhaalu Nilandhe Atholhu Dhekunuburi 5,329 7,932 2.62
Thaa Kolhumadulu 8,923 16,161 2.97
Laamu Haddhunmathi 11,841 16,977 2.67
Gaafu Alif Huvadhu Atholhu Uthuruburi 8,477 14,057 2.80
Gaafu Dhaalu Huvadhu Atholhu Dhekunuburi 11,653 21,096 3.13
Gnaviyani Fuvahmulah City 8,095 13,037 2.76
Addu CityAddu City 19,827 33,876 2.49
MaldivesRepublic of Maldives344,023374,7752.46

Life expectancy at birth
Period Life expectancy in

Years

 Period Life expectancy in

Years

1950–1955 34.5 1985–1990 59.3
1955–1960 36.1 1990–1995 63.5
1960–1965 39.0 1995–2000 67.6
1965–1970 42.4 2000–2005 72.2
1970–1975 46.2 2005–2010 75.6
1975–1980 50.7 2010–2015 76.3
1980–1985 55.5

Source: UN World Population Prospects[8]

Ethnic groups

The largest ethnic group is Dhivehin, native to the historic region of the Maldive Islands comprising today's Republic of Maldives and the island of Minicoy in Union territory of Lakshadweep, India. They share the same culture and speak the Dhivehi language. They are principally an Indo-Aryan people, closely related to the Sinhalese and having traces of Middle Eastern, South Asian, Austronesian and African genes in the population.

In the past there was also a small Tamil population known as the Giraavaru people. This group have now been almost completely absorbed into the larger Maldivian society but were once native to the island of Giraavaru (Kaafu Atoll). This island was evacuated in 1968 due to heavy erosion of the island.

Languages
Main article: Languages of Maldives

Dhivehi, an Indo-Aryan language closely related to the Sinhala language of Sri Lanka, and written in a specialized Arabic script (Thaana), is the official language and is spoken by virtually the whole population. English is also spoken as a second language by many.

Religion
See also: Islam in the Maldives

Sunni Islam is the state religion. Historically, the Maldives were converted to Islam from Buddhism in the 12th century. Under the 2008 constitution Islam is the official religion of the entire population, as adherence to it is required for citizenship.

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Population

301,475 (July 2000 est.) - 369,031 (July 2007 est.)[9]

Age structure
  • 0–14 years: 22.3% (male 45,038/female 43,291)
  • 15–64 years: 73.8% (male 180,874/female 171,703)
  • 65 years and over: 3.9% (male 7,711/female 7,717) (2010 est.)

Sex ratio
  • at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
  • under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
  • 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
  • 65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female
  • total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

Nationality
  • noun: Maldivian(s)
  • adjective: Maldivian

Literacy
  • definition: age 15 and over can read and write
  • total population: 96.3%
  • male: 96.2%
  • female: 96.4% (2000 census)

Education

The average Maldivian citizen has 4.7 years of education[10]

References
  1. World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived 6 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Department of National Planning, Republic of Maldives - Offline". www.planning.gov.mv. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "The DHS Program - Quality information to plan, monitor and improve population, health, and nutrition programs". www.dhsprogram.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2015. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  5. "Total Maldivian Population by Islands, Census 2014 and Registered Population 2018" (PDF).
  6. "Total Maldivian Population by Islands, Census 2014 and Registered Population 2018" (PDF).
  7. Maldives Population Projections 2014-2054
  8. "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 15 July 2017.
  9. "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  10. Neil Merret (30 November 2010). "Average Maldivian citizen has 4.7 years of education, finds UN Human Development Report". Minivan News. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
  • H.C.P. Bell, The Maldive Islands, An account of the physical features, History, Inhabitants, Productions and Trade. Colombo 1883, ISBN 81-206-1222-1
  • Xavier Romero-Frias, The Maldive Islanders, A Study of the Popular Culture of an Ancient Ocean Kingdom. Barcelona 1999, ISBN 84-7254-801-5
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