DuterteNomics

DuterteNomics or Dutertenomics is a catch-all term referring to the socioeconomic policies of Rodrigo Duterte, President of the Philippines. A significant part of the policy includes the development of infrastructure and industries.[1]

This article is part of
a series about
Rodrigo Duterte
Incumbent
  • Social welfare
    • Magna Carta for the Poor
    • Ease of doing business
    • BALAI Housing Program
    • Social Security Act of 2019
    • Inter-Agency Task Force on Zero Hunger
    • Executive Order No. 75, s. 2019
    • Hazing ban
    • Philippine Qualifications Framework
    • Free irrigation service
    • Revised Corporation Code
    • Balik Probinsya
    • Task Force Balik Loob
    • Marawi rehabilitation
    • Media security
    • Centenarians Act of 2016
  • Environment
    • E-NIPAS Act of 2018
    • Energy efficiency and conservation
Foreign policy
Early political career
Life and politics

DuterteNomics logo

Background

Finance Secretary Carlos Dominguez III has said that the government required what he describes as an "audacious" economic strategy in order for the Philippines to "catch up with its more vibrant neighbors" by 2022 and help it achieve high-income economy status within a generation. The term DuterteNomics was coined to describe the economic policy of the Duterte administration. The term also refers to the series of forums where Duterte's economic team pitches the administration's plan to help the country become a high-middle-income economy by 2022.[2]

The policy was unveiled on April 18, 2017, by the Department of Finance and the Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO), in cooperation with the Center for Strategy, Enterprise and Intelligence (CenSEI) in a forum held at Conrad Manila in Pasay. A second forum was held on April 25, 2017.[2]

DuterteNomics was also pitched abroad, particularly at the 2017 World Economic Forum on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Cambodia and at the sidelines of the 2017 One Belt One Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing, China.[2]

Ten-point agenda

The economics team of then President-elect Rodrigo Duterte presented the following points of Duterte's socioeconomic policy in a business forum in Davao in June 2016.[3] DuterteNomics is anchored on these ten principles.[2]

  1. Continue and maintain current macroeconomic policies, including fiscal, monetary, and trade policies.
  2. Institute progressive tax reform and more effective tax collection, indexing taxes to inflation.
  3. Increase competitiveness and the ease of doing business.
  4. Accelerate annual infrastructure spending to account for 5% of GDP, with Public-Private Partnerships playing a key role.
  5. Promote rural and value chain development toward increasing agricultural and rural enterprise productivity and rural tourism.
  6. Ensure security of land tenure to encourage investments, and address bottlenecks in land management and titling agencies.
  7. Invest in human capital development, including health and education systems, and match skills and training.
  8. Promote science, technology, and the creative arts to enhance innovation and creative capacity.
  9. Improve social protection programs, including the government's Conditional Cash Transfer program.
  10. Strengthen implementation of the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law.

Build! Build! Build! Infrastructure Plan
Skyway Stage 3 construction along G. Araneta, Quezon City

Part of DuterteNomics is the Build! Build! Build! Infrastructure Plan which according to the administration will usher in the "Golden Age of Infrastructure". The goals of the program are to reduce poverty, encourage economic growth and reduce congestion in Metro Manila.[4]

In November 2019, the government revised its list of flagship infrastructure projects under Duterte's "Build, Build, Build" program, expanding it to 100.[5][6] It was revised again on August 2020, bringing the total number of projects to 104, expanding its scope included health, information and communications technology, as well as water infrastructure projects to support the country's economic growth and recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of September 11, 2020, 24 projects are still in the approval & planning stages, while 80 were under implementation.[7]

As of November 2019, since Duterte assumed position in June 2016, a total of 9,845 kilometres (6,117 mi) of roads, 2,709 bridges, 4,536 flood control projects, 82 evacuation centers, and 71,803 classrooms under the “Build! Build! Build!” program were completed.[8]

Railways
Project Construction Status Operational Ref.
LRT Line 1 South Extension (Phase 1) 2019–22 Under-construction 2022 [9]
LRT Line 2 East Extension 2015–21 Under-construction April 26, 2021 [10]
LRT Line 2 West Extension 2021-24 Proposed 2024 [11]
MRT Line 3 Rehabilitation 2019–21 Ongoing July 2021 [11]
MRT Line 4 2021–25 Proposed [11]
LRT Line 6 Proposed [11]
MRT Line 7 2017–22 Under-construction 2022 [12]
MRT Line 9 (Metro Manila Subway Phase 1) 2019–26 Under-construction 2026 [13]
MRT Line 10 Proposed [11]
MRT Line 11 Proposed [11]
North Avenue Common station 2017–22 Under-construction 2022 [14]
PNR North–South Commuter Railway (NSCR) 2019–25 Under-construction 2025 [15]
PNR South Long Haul Proposed [15]
SkyTrain (Fort Bonifacio-Makati Sky Train) 2020–21 Under-construction 2021 [11]
Subic-Clark Railway Proposed [16]
Mindanao Railway Phase 1 (Tagum-Davao-Digos Segment) Proposed [17]
Cebu Monorail Proposed [11]
Urban transport
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Cebu Bus Rapid Transit 2017–22 Under-construction March 2022 [11]
Metro Manila BRT Line 1 (Quezon Avenue) Proposed [11]
Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange 2015–18 Completed November 5, 2018 [11]
Taguig Integrated Terminal Exchange 2018– Under-construction [11]
Roadways
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Bacolod–Negros Occidental Economic Highway 2017–24 Under-construction 2024 [11][18]
Boracay Circumferential Road (Phase 1 and 2) ?–2020 Completed December 4, 2020 [11][19]
Cagayan de Oro Coastal Road 1997–2017 Completed November 10, 2017 [11][20]
Camarines Sur High-Speed Highway 2019– Under-construction [11]
Davao City Bypass Road ?–2022 Under-construction 2022 [21]
Davao City Coastal Road ?–2022 Under-construction 2022 [21]
Davao City Expressway Proposed [11]
EDSA Greenways 2021–22 Under-construction 2022 [11][22]
Improving Growth Corridors in Mindanao Road Sector Project (former Tawi-Tawi Interlink Bridge and Guicam Bridge) Under-construction [23]
Metro Cebu Expressway ?–2022 Under-construction 2022 [23]
Mindanao Development Road Network Under-construction [23]
New Bacolod Economic Highway Under-construction [23]
Pasacao–Balatan Tourism Coastal Highway 2019– Under-construction [11]
Samar Pacific Coastal Road ?–2021 Under-construction January 2021 [11][24]
Sindangan-Bayog-Lakewood Road ?–2021 Under-construction [11]
Sorsogon City Coastal Road ?–2020 Completed August 30, 2020 [25]
Surallah-T'boli-San Jose Road ?–2021 Under-construction [11]
Urdaneta City Bypass Road 2019–21 Completed January 18, 2021 [11][26]
Inter-island Bridges
Bataan–Cavite Interlink Bridge Proposed 2026 [27]
Davao–Samal Bridge Proposed [28]
Mindoro–Batangas Super Bridge Proposed [29]
Panay–Guimaras–Negros Bridge Proposed [11]
Panglao-Tagbilaran City Offshore Connector Bridge Proposed [11]
Panguil Bay Bridge 2021– Under-construction [23]
Roma Point Bridge 2018– Under-construction [30]
Luzon Spine Expressway Network[23][31]
C5 Southlink Expressway 2016–22 Under-construction 2022 [32]
Central Luzon Link Expressway (CLLEX) 2017–21 Under-construction 2021 [31]
Metro Manila Skyway Stage 3 2014–21 Completed January 15, 2021 [33]
North Luzon East Expressway (NLEE) Under-construction [31]
NLEX Harbor Link 2014–20 Completed June 15, 2020 [34]
NLEX–SLEX Connector Road 2019–22 Under-construction March 2022 [33][32]
Plaridel Bypass Road (Phase 2 and 3) 2014–20 Completed December 2020 [35]
Southeast Metro Manila Expressway (SEMMEX) 2018–22 Under-construction 2022 [32]
SLEX Toll Road 4 2019–22 Under-construction 2022 [31]
SLEX Toll Road 5 Proposed [31]
Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway (TPLEX) extension Proposed [31]
Metro Manila Logistics Improvement Network[36]
Binondo–Intramuros Bridge 2018–21 Under-construction September 2021 [36]
Eastbank–Westbank Bridge 2 2021–23 Proposed 2023 [37]
Estrella–Pantaleon Bridge 2019–21 Under-construction 2021 [36]
Bonifacio Global City-Ortigas Center Link Road (Santa Monica–Lawton Bridge and Viaduct) 2018–21 Under-construction 2021 [36]
J.P. Rizal–Lopez Jaena Bridge Proposed [37]
J.P. Rizal–St. Mary Bridge Proposed [37]
Laguna Lake Highway 2016–18 Completed November 15, 2018 [32]
Marikina–Vista Real Bridge Proposed [37]
Mindanao Avenue Extension 2017– Under-construction [32]
North–South Harbor Bridge 2021–23 Proposed 2023 [37]
Palanca–Villegas Bridge 2021–23 Proposed 2023 [37]
Metro Manila Priority Bridges Seismic Improvement Project[37]
Guadalupe Bridge Rehabilitation Proposed [37][32]
Lambingan Bridge Vertical Improvement Proposed [37][32]
Airports
Project Construction Status Operational Ref.
Bicol International Airport Development Project (New Legaspi) 2016–21 Under-construction 2021 [38]
Bohol-Panglao International Airport (New Bohol International Airport) 2016–18 Completed November 27, 2018 [39]
Clark International Airport Expansion Project Phase 1 2017–25 Under-construction 2025 [40]
General Santos International Airport Under-construction [41]
Mactan–Cebu International Airport Expansion 2015–20 Under-construction 2020 [42]
M'lang (Central Mindanao) Airport (Central Mindanao (M'lang) Development Project) Proposed [11]
New Manila International Airport 2020–26 Under-construction 2026 [43]
Ninoy Aquino International Airport Expansion Proposed [11]
Puerto Princesa International Airport Expansion Proposed [44]
Sangley Point Airport 2019–20 Completed February 15, 2020 [45]
Cagayan North International Airport (Lal-lo International Airport) ?–18 Completed March 23, 2018 [38]
Seaports
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
New Cebu International Container Port Proposed [11]

Urban Development
Project Construction Status Operational Ref.
Ambal Simuay River and Rio Grande de Mindanao Flood Control Projects Proposed [16]
Cavite Industrial Area Flood Management Program Proposed [46]
Emergency Assistance for Reconstruction and Recovery of Marawi (Output 2: Reconstruction and Development Plan for a Greater Marawi, Stage 2) ?–2022 Under-construction 2022 [11]
Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in Low-Lying Areas of Pampanga Bay Proposed [11]
Marawi Rehabilitation (China Grant)
a.) Bridge and Bypass Project
b.) Grand Padian Market and Sports Complex
 2017–21 Under-construction December 2021 [11]
New Clark City Phase 1:
a.) National Government Administrative Center Phase 1A
b.) Filinvest Mixed Use Industrial Development Phase 1 (Site Development)
 2016– Under-construction [11]
Pasig–Marikina River Channel Improvement Project (Phase IV) Under-construction
Reconstruction and Development Plan for Greater Marawi ?–2022 Under-construction 2022 [11]

Water resources
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
Angat Water Transmission Improvement Project 2016–20 Completed June 2020 [47]
Balog-Balog Multipurpose Project Phase II Under-construction [11]
Chico Pump Irrigation Project 2018–21 Under-construction December 2021 [48]
Jalaur River Multipurpose Project Phase II 2019–22 Under-construction 2022 [11][49]
Kaliwa Dam Proposed 2026 [11][46]
Lower Agno River Irrigation System Improvement Project 2018–22 Under-construction December 2022 [14]
National Irrigation Sector Rehabilitation and Improvement Project 2013– Ongoing [11]
Malitubog-Maridagao Irrigation Project Proposed [11]
Water District Development Sector Projects (ADB-WDDSP) Proposed [11]

Information and Communications Technology
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
ICT Capability Development and Management Program Proposed [11]
National Broadband program Proposed [11]
Road Transport Information Technology Infrastructure Project Phase I (LTO IT) Proposed 2022 [11]

Other Projects
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
Leyte Tide Embankment 2016–22 Under-construction 2022 [23]
Luzon Bypass Infrastructure Project Proposed [14]
Virology Science and Technology Institute of the Philippines Proposed [50]
Philippine national identity card Project Proposed [11]

Economic outlook

In December 2017, government data revealed that the Philippines' output of nickel ore fell 16 percent in the third quarter from a year earlier, after the country, which is the world's top supplier of the metal, suspended some mines in a clampdown on environmental violations. Production dropped to 19.8 million tons in the nine months to September from 25.97 million tonnes a year ago, according to the data.[51] According to Finance Secretary Carlos Dominguez, the "Philippine economy is delivering the performance we anticipated, notwithstanding the political noise and a significant terrorist event in Mindanao". Dominguez gave the assessment during the Banyan Tree Leadership Forum of the Center for Strategic and International Studies.[52]

On March 31, 2018, the Financial Times reported that the export of the Philippines has continued its drastic drop for the fifth month in a row,[53] while the Philippine Statistics Authority reported that the trade deficit of the country has widened to 47.6%, endangering further the country's local economies.[54]

In October 2018, the World Bank downgraded the economic outlook of the Philippines for 2018, but expects it to remain strong.[55] FMIC and UA&P expect the economy to improve in the second half of 2018.[56] On October 24, the Philippines improved its ranking by 29 places in the Ease of Doing Business rankings.[57]

On November 2, 2018, the Philippines slipped 11 places from the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business rankings.[58][59] The Department of Finance is demanding a correction from the World Bank, citing the smaller data set used to assess the country's credit base.[60][61]

Inflation rate

On July 5, 2018, the inflation rate of the country soared to 5.2%, its highest in 5 years.[62] The inflation rate worsened the impacts of the government's new tax policy, increasing the price of all goods in the country.[63]

In September 2018, the inflation rate of the country further increased to 6.7%, its highest in a decade.[64][65] President Duterte blamed American president Donald Trump for the inflation increase.[66] Opposition Senator Francis Pangilinan, however, pointed out that if the United States was to blame, then all countries in ASEAN should have been experiencing the same, and only the Philippines had a very high inflation rate in the entire region at that time.[67] On September 21, 2018, Duterte signed Administrative Order No. 13, removing non-tariff barriers in the importation of agricultural products, to address soaring inflation rates.[68][69]

According to ING, with food prices decreasing, the worst of the inflation crisis is over.[70] Inflation decreased in November 2018, at 5.8 to 6.6 percent.[71] BSP decreased its inflation forecast for 2019, after the passage of the rice tariffication bill.[72]

Inflation further increased to 6.7 percent in October 2018, higher than expected.[73] July 2019 was met with a 2.4% inflation rate.[74] October 2019 received an 0.8% inflation rate, the lowest under Duterte.[75] However, this increased to 2.5% by December 2019.[76] and increased again to 2.7% by July 2020.[77]

Income and employment

Economic managers predict the accession of the Philippine economy to upper-middle-income status by 2019, citing massive infrastructure spending and robust growth.[78][79][80]

COVID-19 pandemic
See also: COVID-19 recession and COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines § Economic impact

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) Governor Benjamin Diokno and then-NEDA Director-General Ernesto Pernia forecast that the Philippine economy would likely enter a recession in 2020 due to the effect of the pandemic. Diokno stated that, although the first quarter is likely to grow by 3% since the Luzon-wide enhanced community quarantine only took effect near the end of the quarter, the second and third quarters would likely experience contractions in economic growth.[81]

The unemployment rate of the country continued to follow a downward trend since 2005, however, it reached a record-high 17.7% in April 2020, where 1 in every 5 persons in the labor force are unemployed, accounting to 7.3 million jobless Filipinos.[82][83]

On the second quarter of 2020, the Philippine economy went into a recession for the first time in 29 years, where it shrank by 16.5%, which was one of the biggest falls in the Southeast Asian region. GDP fell by 9%. Seasonally adjusted GDP fell by 15.2 percent in the second quarter from the first three months of the year.[84]

The government expects an economic rebound by 2021, driven in part by the BBB infrastructure program.[85][86]

See also

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